National History Research Articles

고등학교 한국사 서술과 평가 문항에 투영된 1960년대

The current Korean history textbook inherited the former Korean history textbook system centered on the April 19 Revolution, the Jang Myun government, the May 16 military coup, and the Park Jeong-hee administration in the 1960s. In addition, the current Korean history textbooks have largely followed these cases and the previous narrative structure of the government. However, certain differences were found between the descriptions of textbooks. The relationship between the April 19 evolution and the U.S. government, the reevaluation of the Jang Myun government period, the military government's policy that emerged shortly after the May 16 military coup, and the public security incident manipulated by the Park Jeong-hee administration can be pointed out as representative examples of the current Korean history textbook. As a result of reviewing the questions of the College Scholastic Abilily Test(including mock test) and Natonal academic evaluation, it was found that the national history test for high school seniors was focused in the April 19 Revolution. This trend is the result of focusing on the historical significance of the April 19 Revolution in the developm ent of dem ocracy based on the achievement standards that focuses on the April 19 Revolution.

The experience of teaching national history and the foundations of constitutional knowledge in the late 1930s early 1940s (using the example of railway schools in the Kursk region)

The relevance of the topic under discussion is determined by the significant social importance of school history education. Over thirty years of Russian society's and state's life in conditions of ideological and political diversity, as well as the complete erosion of the Western-scale liberal values, has led to most Russians realizing the need to adhere to traditional moral principles based on ideas of patriotism and humanism. The domestic education system is the main vehicle for this. Therefore, the controversial experience of teaching history in schools arouses professional interest among researchers and practicing teachers.The purpose of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of teaching history in the pre–war years on the basis of archival documents and published materials on the example of departmental educational institutions of railway transport.Objectives: to characterize the contradictions of the process of introducing historical and social sciences disciplines into school education; to reflect the role of historical knowledge in the patriotic education of the younger generation.Methodology. The research was based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. To solve the tasks set by the author, the methods of historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective were used.Results. The study of the experience of teaching the historical and social sciences cycle of academic disciplines in the pre-war years on the example of departmental educational institutions of railway transport made it possible to objectively assess the impact of humanitarian training of students on the formation of their civic position and the education of patriotic feelings, which had a decisive impact on the behavior of graduates of railway schools during the period of military trials and subsequent restoration of the national economy.Conclusions. The experience of teaching history and the foundations of constitutional knowledge accumulated in the pre-war period is worthy of application in the context of modern reform of historical education. Recognition of the leading role of national history in shaping the worldview of the younger generation requires a systematic approach in teaching and educating young people based on love and respect for their Homeland.

INTRODUCTION OF THE MILITARY-DISTRICT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON BELARUSIAN LANDS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1850s – EARLY 1860s

This article examines a wide range of issues related to the specifics of the preparation and implementation of military reform in the Belarusian lands. The work identifies the main directions of activity of military department officials to develop options for improving the military command and control system. During the research, an in-depth analysis of the reasons that led to changes in government policy in the field of military control in the region was carried out. In chronological order, through the prism of normative legal acts, the processes of formation and legislative registration of district management institutions in the region are shown. Factors that had a negative impact on the formation of the district management structure were identified. The organizational measures of the War Ministry aimed at improving the structure of the Vilna Military District are shown. It is noted that the implementation of measures to create a military district system on Belarusian lands in the early 1860s. was carried out in a difficult international and socio-political situation associated with the consequences of the Crimean War and anti-government protests. Extraordinary circum-stances determined the repressive and punitive nature of its structure and powers. At the same time, along with general features, in the process of forming the Vilna Military District, local features emerged that reflected the level of military threats in the region. The results and conclusions of the study can be used in the preparation of textbooks, lectures and special courses on national and military history for students and cadets of higher educational institutions of the Republic of Belarus.

Exploration of Innovative Teaching Paths in the Classroom of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History”

The purpose of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History” is to help college students grasp the entire process of historical development, summarize experiences correctly, understand the national history and conditions, deeply understand why history and the people made the “four choices,” and stimulate their patriotism, national pride and self-confidence. This article is based on the reform of multimedia teaching methods and carries out the construction of the “Outline” course from six dimensions: improving teaching methods, strengthening teaching material construction, improving online teaching, extracurricular training mode, strengthening teacher team construction and reforming the examination system. Efforts are made to build this course into a high-quality course, making it a course that college students truly love and benefit from.

AfroSpanish identity from an ‘experiential’ perspective: Desirée Bela-Lobedde in conversation with Dosinda García-Alvite

In this interview Desirée Bela-Lobedde talks about some of the themes she examines in her book Ser mujer negra en España (2018) [Being a Black Woman in Spain], where she writes about growing up as a racialized child in Spain, the erasure of African subjects’ presence in Spanish national history and how structural racism still exists in Spain, affecting all institutions, including the school system. The interview took place in New York on March 7, 2024. It was conducted in Spanish and subsequently translated into English by the interviewer.

Dialectics of Islamic and Christian Public Sphere in Kediri

Islam and Christianity are religions that have been present in Indonesia for centuries, the history of these two religions cannot be separated from the existence of the Indonesian nation. As time goes by, the relationship between these two religions fluctuates (between conflict and harmony), in certain areas Islam becomes dominant, but in other areas Christianity is the dominant religion. National History records that several times Islam and Christianity were involved in religious conflicts. The dialectic of the relationship between the two religions in the public sphere is the key to fluctuations in the relationship between Islam and Christianity, such as what happened in the Kediri area where Islam and Christianity both exist in the public sphere. Therefore, this research attempts to portray the relationship between Islam and Christianity in public spheres by using a qualitative approach in research, while the technique for obtaining data in research uses interview and observation techniques. The research results show that religion's control of public sphere has exceeded formal and informal boundaries as discussed by Jurgen Habermas. These formal and informal boundaries are exceeded in "public values", namely viewing religious teachings in the public sphere based on the principle of beneficial value. This also goes beyond Jurgen Habermas's thinking about "Public Reason" in looking at the formal and informal areas of religion in the public sphere.

Preservation and Promotion of the National Book Heritage in the Practice of Libraries

The article describes some aspects of libraries work to promote the national book heritage. It examines the book culture as a special phenomenon that ensures preservation of intellectual and spiritual traditions of the past and determines their adaptation to the system of modern communications, since the book was highly appreciated at all times and among all peoples as a monument of spiritual and material culture. It also presents promising areas of innovative methods for promoting the book heritage, including digital technologies, which are currently among the priority areas of activity of many social and cultural institutions.The purpose of the article is to review some library practices for organizing work with book monuments, describe the form and present promising areas for promoting book heritage in domestic libraries, including using digital technologies, which are currently among the priority areas of many social and cultural institutions. The article also bases on the materials provided by the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan (NL RT). The National Library has the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books including the sector of Tatar and Oriental Literature with a group of the Consolidated Catalog of Tatar Books (1722–1917) and the sector of Russian and World Literature. This specialized department carries out scientific processing of publications and work to ensure safety of rare and especially valuable documents, including handwritten and old-printed Tatar and oriental books in Arabic script, ancient Russian books, editions of national and local history literature.In order to promote the unique book heritage, the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books forms special collections of manuscripts, rare books, periodicals, albums and other written and printed documents, conducts studies in the field of the national book history, as well as scientific, methodological and publishing activities.

Comprehensive Review on the Use of Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) in Ethiopia: 2019 to 2023.

Cholera outbreaks in Ethiopia necessitate frequent mass oral cholera vaccine (OCV) campaigns. Despite this, there is a notable absence of a comprehensive summary of these campaigns. Understanding national OCV vaccination history is essential to design appropriate and effective cholera control strategies. Here, we aimed to retrospectively review all OCV vaccination campaigns conducted across Ethiopia between 2019 and 2023. The OCV request records from 2019 to October 2023 and vaccination campaign reports for the period from 2019 to December 2023 were retrospectively accessed from the Ethiopia Public Health Institute (EPHI) database. Descriptive analysis was conducted using the retrospective data collected. From 2019 to October 2023, Ethiopian government requested 32 044 576 OCV doses (31 899 576 doses to global stockpile; 145 000 doses to outside of stockpile). Around 66.3% of requested doses were approved; of which 90.4% were received. Fifteen OCV campaigns (12 reactive and 3 pre-emptive) were conducted, including five two-dose campaigns with varying dose intervals and single-dose campaigns partially in 2019 and entirely in 2021, 2022 and 2023. Overall vaccine administrative coverage was high; except for Tigray region (41.8% in the 1st round; 2nd round didn't occur). The vaccine administrative coverage records were documented, but no OCV coverage survey data was available. This study represents the first comprehensive review of OCV campaigns in Ethiopia spanning the last five years. Its findings offer valuable insights into informing future cholera control strategies, underscoring the importance of monitoring and evaluation despite resource constraints. Addressing the limitations in coverage survey data availability is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of future campaigns.

Impact of the US Indo-Pacific Strategy on China-India Economic Cooperation

India has grown to be a significant component of the US Indo-Pacific strategic layout in South Asia because of its unique geographic location, political and economic power, and other factors. Through collaborative efforts within the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF), the US and India have fostered project cooperation by aligning policy dispositions to address shared interests and contain China. Analysis of the economic and trade interactions between China and India suggests a declining trend in their cooperation from many perspective. In a strategic move, India opted out of the China-led Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement in 2019 to prioritize economic and trade relations in accordance with its strategic objectives. In addition, India got supports and advancements in high-tech industries through the US Indo-Pacific strategy, consequently reducing collaboration with China in this sector. Furthermore, the US and India have taken measures to diversify supply chains and explore alternative trade routes, steering away from China and promoting regional industrial transfers. This shift has prompted India to intensify its focus on developing high-tech industries to lessen its dependence on China's industrial chain supply. These initiatives have also contributed to the formation of an internal trade network within the IPEF, disrupting traditional trade exchanges between China and India. However, the economic cooperation between the US and India falls short of reaching its full potential because of differences in national interests, history, culture, and other factors. Consequently, the impact of China-India economic relations is not catastrophic, even in the face of heightened US trade restrictions on China that have compelled India to make strategic decisions.

On Anticolonial Homemaking

ABSTRACT This article explores anticolonial maternal politics by turning away from the conventional formulation of the singular enfleshed maternal body and toward the body of the maternal home. It does so through an architectural approach to kinship emerging from a feature-film collaboration, The Nest. A return to the author’s childhood home, the film looks to lost histories and kinship structures embedded in place. Focusing on the Indigenous/Métis, Deaf, Japanese, and South Asian girls and women who lived in the house across 140 years of Canadian history, the film upends national history in service of “brick and mortar kinships,” a counter-historical approach that captures the untold and disregarded radical maternities that characterize domestic space in the settler colony. Framed by the author’s own maternal relations, the essay considers the transtemporal, trans-maternal, and transcultural political bonds that arise through shared space.

PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATING STUDENTS IN THE SPIRIT OF LOVE FOR THE MOTHERLAND IN THE TEACHING OF HISTORICAL WORKS

In this article, when teaching historical works, thoughts and reflections are made on the pedagogical foundations and principles of educating students in the spirit of love for the motherland. Educating students in the spirit of love for the motherland through the teaching of historical works is a crucial aspect of modern education. This approach not only enriches students' understanding of their national history but also fosters a sense of pride, identity, and responsibility toward their country. Patriotism, defined as a deep-seated love and devotion to one's country, plays a significant role in shaping a responsible and engaged citizenry. Educating students to develop a love for their motherland helps instill values such as loyalty, respect for national symbols, and an understanding of civic duties. It also fosters unity and social cohesion, contributing to the stability and prosperity of the nation.

Sociopolitically and Trauma-Informed Public Health Practice With Latinx Families: Conceptual Framework and Best Practices.

Public health practitioners working with Latinx families in the United States must consider the historical contexts of colonization and slavery that have created conditions of violence, displacement, and social and economic marginalization throughout Latin America. Although shared experiences of colonization, dispossession, and migration affect all Latinxs, diverse national histories and sociopolitical contexts, migration patterns, and intersecting identities (e.g., gender, social class, race) complicate efforts to develop a uniform approach to this heterogeneous population. We provide a critical analysis of (1) how past experiences contribute to collective trauma and motivate migration, and (2) how these experiences are replicated in the United States through immigration-related adversities that deprive and threaten children and families through marginalization, fear of detention and deportation, and family separation brought on by a parent's deportation. This knowledge is imperative to advance research, practice, and policymaking with US Latinx populations. We provide best practice recommendations for a sociopolitically and trauma- informed public health workforce interfacing with Latinxs in the United States. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S6):S485-S494. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307589) [Formula: see text].

The theme of joining Russia in the literature of the peoples of Siberia in the 1950s–1980s

The article examines the features of the embodiment of the theme of joining Russia in the literature of the peoples of Siberia in the 1950s–1980s in the context of state memory policy of this period. The research materials are the works of Altai, Buryat, Khakass and Yakut literature. The research is based on the theory and methodology of comparative literature, as well as on the theory of cultural and historical memory. It has been established that the appearance of the theme of joining Russia in the literature of the peoples of Siberia in the 1950s–1980s was associated with the memory politics of this period. At this time, the basis of the national histories of the peoples of the USSR was the concept of friendship of peoples, within the framework of which special attention was paid to the idea of the voluntary entry of indigenous peoples into Russia, which brought them various benefits and became the basis for further national development. The appearance of the first literary works on this topic in the literature of Siberia dates back to the time of anniversary celebrations in honor of the anniversaries of the voluntary entry of local peoples into Russia, which proves the connection between these phenomena. It is also known that in the writing community since the 1950s the directive was spread to pay special attention to the theme of friendship of peoples and the positive role of Russia and Russians in the history of the peoples of Siberia. Within literary discourse, this idea was embodied in works of various genres: historical poems, plays, novels dedicated to the era of annexation to Russia, as well as in a number of poems glorifying the patriotism of the peoples of Siberia and the beneficial influence of the Russian state and Russian culture on their historical destiny. These works are characterised by an appeal to historical facts, which in Soviet times were interpreted as a manifestation of the friendship of the peoples of Siberia with Russia, as well as to folklore legends, interpreted in the same vein. All these works can be considered as a kind of hypertext, formed in the literature of Siberia in the 1950s–1980s around the theme of joining Russia and reflecting the corresponding trend in the politics of memory of this period.

The Myth of Westphalian Common Sense: Abjuration and Republicanism in Quilombos's Palmares

The essay addresses a concern that significant dimensions of the consciousness and language associated with modern revolutions have gone missing from discussions related to agency. It centers on Quilombos, who in the early seventeenth century created Palmares as a unique constitutional experiment and yet have been excluded from disciplinary common sense in political and international theories on the matters of modern consciousness, constitutionalism, and republicanism. The essay revisit questions of world-historical events that cast Africans as outside of time. The author counters disciplinary common sense by revisiting the moral statuses of modern political apologias, which are associated with the will to independence, and abjurations, taken to be formative expressions of self-determination. Both modern apologias and abjurations are taken to be the point of origination of modern consciousness associated with the birth of modern republicanism. Quilombo revolution demonstrates that political rationality, which underpins political action, is an expression of cognitive, material, and symbolic conditions due to time. The associated consciousness and actions may simultaneously take place across multiple spaces. This is to say that the expression of political subjectivity, which is a matter of consciousness and language, may in time be more widespread than parochial or national histories suggest. The Dutch and Quilombos revolutions prove this point.

Oleksandr Dovzhenko: Peculiarities of the National Myth Creation

Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, its culture, its civilizational choice raises the issues of the formation and functioning of the national mythology. There are many definitions of myth, interpretations of its significance and place in the world and national history. One thing is clear: any nation forms the mythological core of its picture of the world. The heart, which serves as one of the main tools of its self-identification and self-defense against external forces. In this sense, the phenomenon of Ukrainian cinema and one of its creative leaders, Oleksandr Dovzhenko, is of a particular interest. Starting with the film Zvenyhora (1928), the artist produces mythological subjects centered on Ukraine and Ukrainians, their historical fate. Zvenyhora is the first screen myth of Ukraine. It is based on a four-part structure of historical-temporal layers presenting Ukrainians – from the most ancient epochs to the future. This myth continues already existing mythological structures developed in the poetics of the works of Taras Shevchenko and Mykola Hohol. In this way we are talking about the continuation of fundamental deep structures determining the special sacredness of the signs and symbols of the national history. During the Second World War, Dovzhenko’s myth of Ukraine has undergone a tragic transformation. The national catastrophe, the destruction of the country and its people as such seemed to be factors that made any option for the future impossible. For a certain time, apocalyptic visions become decisive for Dovzhenko’s artistic thinking. However, the desire to shape the image of the future returns the history of the Golden Age to the circle of Dovzhenko’s stories as a natural conclusion of the historical life of Ukraine and Ukrainians. The feature films Zvenyhora, Arsenal, Zemlia, сinema stories Ukraine on Fire, Chronicle of Flaming Years are, in essence, the screen embodiment of the myth of the frontier zone, where human communities of various modifications are constantly moving, different types of socio-cultural attitudes and national characters are formed. Ukrainian Cossacks are considered as the main source of them. They are distant ancestors, the memory of whom must be activated by new art.

Semantic analysis of images on banknotes of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The research article is devoted to the study of images semantic meanings placed on banknotes of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 1993–2011series. The main purpose of the article is to conduct a reconstructive analysis of the semantic values of Kazakhstan’s national currency as an implication of the historical path of the Ka-zakh people. The analysis of images content on money notes of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out in a combination of semantic, cultural and historical methods. The connotations between communicative and significant information of images and Kazakh culture, also systematization of historical-style groups of the national currency were marked. The research theoretical basis was the works on history, semantics, semiotics, linguacultural and cultural science. Special attention is paid to various archival documents on the history of banknotes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, reflecting the value relationship to national history and culture.

Civic Education as Strategies to Strengthen the National Identity of Indonesian Students

This study explores comprehensive strategies to strengthen national identity among Indonesian students, addressing the crucial need for a cohesive national identity in Indonesia's ethnically and culturally diverse society. The research identifies and analyzes several key approaches, including curriculum development, extracurricular activities, cultural immersion programs, and the use of digital media, to foster a strong sense of national pride and unity. The integration of national history, civic education, and values into the school curriculum is highlighted as fundamental. By ensuring that students receive a thorough understanding of Indonesia's heritage, struggles for independence, and national achievements, educational institutions can instil a deep sense of belonging and responsibility towards the nation. Extracurricular activities, such as student organizations, sports, arts, and community service projects, are also emphasized for their role in providing experiential learning opportunities that reinforce national values and social cohesion. Cultural immersion programs are identified as another critical strategy. These programs, which include traditional arts, music, dance, and language preservation initiatives, allow students to engage with Indonesia's rich cultural tapestry, fostering appreciation and respect for the nation's diversity. Furthermore, the strategic use of digital media is examined as a modern approach to connecting students across different regions and promoting national narratives. Digital platforms can disseminate stories of national heroes, cultural heritage, and contemporary achievements, thereby enhancing students' collective national consciousness. The study underscores the importance of a multifaceted approach involving educational institutions, government policies, and community participation. It recommends that policymakers and educators collaborate to implement these strategies effectively, creating an environment that nurtures a strong, cohesive national identity among Indonesian youth. By doing so, the nation can build a resilient and unified future generation capable of contributing positively to Indonesia's development and stability.

Memória e Monumento. O local histórico da Batalha de Boyacá

Introduction: The Boyacá ́s field is the place where the freedom of the Nation was forged and constitutes the fundamental scenario for the construction of collectivememory, through a monumental sculptural ensemble as a cultural representation. Objective: to understand how the historical narratives that build the identity of thenation are consolidated through the monument. Reflection: It raises a discussion about the symbolic aspects that have allowed the prevalence of this historical ensemble over time, perpetuating these narratives as cultural representations; It is based on thehistorical perspective and its cultural significance through stages associated with the construction of monuments and how these make visible the construction of values associated with the enthronement of the hero. Conclusion: arises as the construction of an official celebratory system is built through archetypes of memory represented inthe monuments that respond to the official history that recognizes the importance of the Historic Site of the Battle of Boyacá as a place of national memory.

The Model of Ethnopedagogical Training of Students of a Pedagogical University

The ethnopedagogic orientation of education and upbringing is one of the main ones in the modern educational policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This is stated in the platform of the state policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan on socio-cultural development, that special attention is paid to the specifics of the culture of all peoples living in the republic, and that any culture is a unique, incomparable asset, and that a certain population fully presents itself to the world. Therefore, today the university offers conditionally three stages in order to reorient the ethnopedagogic system of education and upbringing. This program contains the content of ethnopedagogic education — a scientifically based system of students’ knowledge, attitude of responsibility to national history, language, culture, traditions, on the basis of which a model of the research problem is proposed through a systematic analysis of structural and substantive changes in ethnopedagogic education and upbringing of students. On the basis of the proposed model, the works of research scientists in the organization of the educational process were analyzed, the pedagogical possibilities of the ethnopedagogic heritage were taken into account, along with theoretical and methodological justification, a meaningful analysis of methodological manuals and educational programs operating in the pedagogical process was carried out in the development of scientific and methodological recommendations.

REOG BULKIYO DANCE: TRADITION AND HISTORICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE JAVA WAR

The Java War, often known as De Javasche Oorlog or Diponegoro War, was an event that had an impact on national and local history. The capture of Prince Diponegoro by the Dutch on March 28, 1830, resulted in many of his troops fleeing to remote areas to avoid Dutch capture. As a result of the escape they settled in an area, disguised as ordinary people. One of the places where Diponegoro's troops escaped was in Kemloko village, Nglegok sub-district, Blitar district. The mind of the soldiers who managed to escape had a work of art in the form of Reog Bulkiyo Dance. The purpose of this study was to determine the history of the formation of Reog Bulkiyo Dance, the characteristics of Reog Bulkiyo dance, the existence of Reog Bulkiyo dance. This research uses a historical method consisting of (1). Heuristics, (2). Criticism, (3). Interpretation, (4). Historiography. The approach is carried out using cultural anthropology and the theory of cultural forms according to Koentjaraningrat to understand the origin of the creation of Bulkiyo reog dance as a form of expression, a symbol of communication and humanity to fight Dutch colonialism. The results of this study show that there are several historical facts about the emergence of Bulkiyo Reog Dance in Kemloko Village, Nglegok Subdistrict, Blitar Regency. The characteristics of Bulkiyo reog dance are influenced by Javanese, Arabic and Chinese cultures, this can be seen from the attributes and equipment used, the existence of Bulkiyo reog dance is influenced by internal factors of the Genealogical Inheritance system, and external factors of support from the community, government, and academics.