High Levels Of Support Research Articles

Chronic stress exposure, social support, and sleep quality among African Americans: findings from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether social support from extended family and church members moderate the association between chronic stress exposure and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of African American adults. Design Data from African American respondents aged 18 and older were drawn from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview. The analytic sample for this study included 1,372 African American adults who attended religious services at least a few times a year, as the church-based relationship measures were only assessed for these individuals. Self-reported sleep quality was assessed by sleep satisfaction, trouble falling asleep, and restless sleep. Chronic stress exposure was measured by a nine-item index. OLS and logistic regression were used to estimate the relationship between chronic stress exposure, extended family and church relationships, and sleep quality. Results The data indicated that chronic stress exposure was associated with decreased sleep satisfaction, increased likelihood of trouble falling asleep and restless sleep. Receiving emotional support from family and more frequent contact with church members were associated with decreased restless sleep. Emotional family support moderated the associations between chronic stress exposure and trouble falling asleep and restless sleep. The positive associations between chronic stress exposure and these two sleep quality measures were attenuated among respondents who received high levels of emotional support from their family. Conclusions Together, these findings underscore the detriment of chronic stress exposure to African Americans’ sleep quality and suggest that extended family members are effective stress coping resources and play an important role in this population’s sleep quality.

Parental Support and Pupils’ Observed Values

Parental support helps in developing children's observed values, moral guidance, social behaviors, and general character development. This study was undertaken to determine the level of parental support to pupils’ classroom performance in terms of attendance, behavior, and reading; to determine the level of pupils’ observed values in terms of makatao, maka-Diyos, makakalikasan, at makabansa; and find the significant relationship between the levels of parental support to pupils’ observed values. The study was conducted in three schools of Alubijid West District, Division of Misamis Oriental with one hundred thirty-seven (137) Grade 5 pupils as actual respondents selected through purposive universal sampling. The study used a descriptive correlational research design with documentary analysis which incorporated a quantitative approach in gathering numerical data through a questionnaire. It also used Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (r). Results showed that in the level of parental support to pupil’s classroom performance, Behavior got the highest at Very High Support Level. On the level of pupils’ observed values, Makabansa got the highest at Always Observed Level. Moderate positive correlation between the two variables was evident and it shows that there was a significant relationship between the level of parental support in terms of attendance, behavior, and reading to pupils’ observed values. Thus, parental support to pupils’ classroom performance is essential not only for increased academic performance but more importantly the improved core values which are necessary for the holistic development of a child. It is recommended that parents may support their children's classroom performance by creating regular study time at home and maintaining open communication with children and with their teachers.

Orchidinae-205: A new genome-wide custom bait set for studying the evolution, systematics, and trade of terrestrial orchids.

Terrestrial orchids are a group of genetically understudied, yet culturally and economically important plants. The Orchidinae tribe contains many species that produce edible tubers that are used for the production of traditional delicacies collectively called 'salep'. Overexploitation of wild orchids in the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia threatens to drive many of these species to extinction, but cost-effective tools for monitoring their trade are currently lacking. Here we present a custom bait kit for target enrichment and sequencing of 205 novel genetic markers that are tailored to phylogenomic applications in Orchidinae s.l. A subset of 31 markers capture genes putatively involved in the production of glucomannan, a water-soluble polysaccharide that gives salep its distinctive properties. We tested the kit on 73 taxa native to the area, demonstrating universally high locus recovery irrespective of species identity, that exceeds the total sequence length obtained with alternative kits currently available. Phylogenetic inference with concatenation and coalescent approaches was robust and showed high levels of support for most clades, including some which were previously unresolved. Resolution for hybridizing and recently radiated lineages remains difficult, but could be further improved by analysing multiple haplotypes and the non-exonic sequences captured by our kit, with the promise to shed new light on the evolution of enigmatic taxa with a complex speciation history. Offering a step-up from traditional barcoding and universal markers, the genome-wide custom loci targeted by Orchidinae-205 are a valuable new resource to study the evolution, systematics and trade of terrestrial orchids.

Public Support for Tobacco Endgame Policies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

An increasing number of countries are adopting the tobacco endgame goal. High levels of public support can accelerate momentum towards implementing tobacco endgame policies. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of public support for tobacco endgame policies and to examine the geographical distribution of studies, support among key populations (adolescents and young adults, people who smoke), and the association between survey design and support. We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2013 onwards. Google was used to search the grey literature. The reference lists of included articles were hand-searched. Studies were included if they reported the proportions of people supporting one or more endgame policies. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI checklist for prevalence studies. Forty-seven articles were included. Aotearoa/New Zealand and the United States were the countries with the most studies (n=11, respectively). Three-level meta-analyses showed the highest support for mandating a very low nicotine content in tobacco products (76%, 95% CI 61-87%). Meta-regressions were performed to assess the associations of population subgroup and survey design with support levels. The level of support was lower among people who smoke compared to the general population (β range: -1.59 to -0.51). Support for some policies was lower when neutral or don't know response options were included. Public support for most tobacco endgame policies was high. Assessing public support can assist with progressing tobacco endgame policies. Policies that are widely supported by the public may be more politically feasible to implement. Qualitative studies and trial studies can further inform communication and implementation strategies for tobacco endgame policies.

Farmers’ evolving attitudes on environmental conditionality in the CAP: a farm level examination of temporal shifts

AbstractGiven the anticipated shift in the allocation of resources under the common agricultural policy (CAP) toward increasing positive environmental outcomes, this study explores farmer attitudes toward the current principle of connecting direct payments to environmental conditionality, known as cross compliance. Furthermore, we explore whether there have been changes in farmer attitudes toward cross compliance over time by posing identical questions to farmers in both 2010 and 2018. A supplementary survey was designed and administered in conjunction with the core EU Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) to assess farmers’ attitudes to linking CAP payments to environmental conditionality. The findings of a generalized ordered logit model indicate a high level of support among farmers for linking direct payments to good agricultural practices and cross compliance standards. Factors influencing farmers’ acceptance of cross compliance can be categorized into several domains, including farm and farmer characteristics, social and institutional attributes, and economic factors. Notably, the level of subsidy dependency emerges as a highly significant factor, with farmers who rely more heavily on direct payments being more inclined to disagree with cross compliance requirements.

Barriers to and enablers of physical activity participation in lung cancer survivors.

Although physical activity physical activity has been shown to have significant benefits for individuals living with cancer, engaging lung cancer survivors (LCS) in increasing routine physical activity participation has been particularly challenging. To describe enablers of, barriers to, and patterns of physical activity among LCS and to characterize interest in a physical activity program as a first step to improving physical activity engagement. The study consisted of a cross-sectional survey (n = 100) of adult LCS recruited from a thoracic oncology clinic assessing multiple domains of physical activity (engagement, perceived barriers, benefits, physical function, psychosocial factors, self-efficacy, and programmatic preferences). Only 12% of LCS in our cohort (average age 67 years, 54% male, 81% with stage III or IV disease) met American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) physical activity guidelines. Participants engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, with an average (SD) of 48.4 (91.8) minutes per week. The most commonly reported barriers to physical activity were fatigue (49%), dyspnea (39%), and difficulty with daily activities (34%). Regression analysis demonstrated a positive association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and higher income (r = 0.241, p = .016), physical function (r = 0.281, p = .005), and physical activity self-efficacy (r = 0.270, p = .007). Qualitative results demonstrated a strong interest in physical activity programming that is lung-cancer specific with a high level of support and guidance. This study identified that LCS had low levels of physical activity with fatigue, dyspnea, socioeconomic, and functional limitations contributing. The majority of LCS are interested in an exercise program and believe that exercise engagement will produce functional benefits. The present study presents a framework to guide development of community-based interventions to increase LCS physical activity participation among LCS.

Factors Influencing Perception of Social Support among Patients with Advanced Cancer Receiving Palliative Care in Bangladesh

The perception of social support among patients with advanced diseases is influenced by various factors. The socio-cultural context of Bangladesh significantly shapes the experience of patients with advanced cancer and their perception of social support. This study’s aim was to assess the perceived social support by these patients and investigate the factors that shape their perception. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 115 advanced cancer patients admitted to the palliative medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Perceived social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Perceived social support was moderate to high for most (74.7%) of the participants. The majority (97.4%) perceived moderate to high level of support from their families. The lowest level of support was perceived from friends (53%). Factors such as economic status, family size, companionship of children, and emotional support from spouses influenced the level of perceived social support. Social support is one of the important aspects of palliative care. Identifying the factors influencing the perception of social support among cancer patients is essential for palliative care professionals to effectively address their care needs.

Developmental trajectories of mother-adolescent agreement on maternal autonomy support and their contributions to adolescents' adjustment.

Based on a multi-informant, longitudinal perspective on parent-adolescent relationships, this study examined patterns of convergence and divergence on maternal autonomy support. It had two aims: First, it sought to identify developmental trajectories of maternal autonomy support across adolescence from the perspectives of both mothers and adolescents. A second was to evaluate the longitudinal relation between self-reported and perceived maternal autonomy support by combining informants' trajectories. Data come from two 5-year longitudinal multi-informant studies (NS1 = 687 mother-child dyads; NS2 = 745 mother-child dyads). Each year, mothers and adolescents completed a questionnaire assessing maternal autonomy support. In both the samples, results of growth mixture modeling showed from mothers' perspective the presence of two distinct trajectories: high (91% of the sample) and moderate and relatively stable (9%) trajectories. From the adolescents' perspective, three trajectories were identified: high and relatively stable (75.7%), high and decreasing (11.8%), and moderate and increasing (12.5%). The normative mother-adolescent convergence pattern was one in which both adolescents and their mother reporting high levels of autonomy support. It was generally associated with more positive indices of adjustment, although academic achievement was highest when adolescents reported comparatively more autonomy support than their mother. The worst mother-adolescent convergence pattern tended to be one in which both reported initially moderate levels of autonomy support that remained relatively stable for mothers and increased for youths. Implications for parenting research and interventions are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Analytical Method Lifecycle of SFC Methods from Development Use to Routine QC Implementation; Supporting Small Molecule R&D and Commercialization

Selection of the correct analytical technique from the outset of method development is key in securing the optimal and most robust method to be used throughout a product’s development journey from R&D to commercialization. In this article, we review some key considerations for chromatographic technique selection and method development across the full drug process—from early-stage API synthesis to routine commercial release activities. We describe the implementation of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in the pharmaceutical industry, especially for chiral, water sensitive analytes, and low to high LogP and LogD hydrophobic compounds, while demonstrating high levels of method robustness and support of “green” analytics.

Strategi Membangun Brand Awareness Melalui Islamic Branding di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid Wilayah Al-Mawaddah

. Efforts to develop Islamic educational institutions are a necessity in the context of educational progress, especially in Islamic boarding schools. Reform of Islamic educational institutions can be enhanced through improving the quality of education, which is also a need and hope of society that must be responded to positively by educational institutions. Quality education involves institutional efforts to provide satisfactory services for students. The high level of public interest and support for educational institutions needs to be considered and implemented by managers. Therefore, institutional managers are expected to continue to improve their abilities in facing competition. In this case, the brand image reflects the image of the educational institution, and a positive image will provide a good assessment from the public. With this positive view, people will naturally believe that the institution has superior quality. A plan to increase brand awareness with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of educational institutions involving continued development of educational products that have been proven successful. In addition, adding superior products that are difficult for competitors to imitate can provide a stronger competitive advantage, supporting increased competitiveness of educational institutions.

Surgical Procedures for the Non-Surgeon: A Rheumatology Perspective

Each specialty of medicine (and surgery) employs certain technical procedures appropriate to their specialty. Occasionally, those procedures require performance in an operating room environment. With the O.R. considered the province of the surgeon, such trespass by non-surgeons is not always well accepted. Rheumatologists seeking to develop arthroscopy as a tool for arthritis patients encountered such resistance but were able to persist and now perform any arthroscopy exclusively in a clinic or procedure room setting. Other procedures now performed by rheumatologists - arthrocentesis, joint washout, synovial biopsy, and labial salivary gland biopsy (lip biopsy) -all had their beginnings in the operating room, but no longer require such an environment. Non-surgeons - including rheumatologists - seeking to develop new invasive procedures may continue to utilize the O.R. in early stages when caution and safety concerns demand high level support, and sterile technique. The history of development of these procedures shows a common path to bedside performance. Any O.R. turf touched by a non-surgeon is only temporary.

Mapping citizens, voters, and parties’ preferences on European solidarity across EU member states

ABSTRACT Since 2008, the European Union (EU) witnessed a growing tension between the social and economic dimensions of integration as a consequence of the ‘polycrisis’. The increasing politicisation of EU issues in national political arenas that led to the rise of Eurosceptic parties mostly revolved around the issue of European solidarity. Against this background, this study investigates the congruence between voters and incumbent members of national parliaments on the highly contentious aspects of EU solidarity. First, the article maps the extent to which national political elites share similar views on EU solidarity with their voters. Secondly, we assess members of parliaments (MPs)-voters’ congruence at the party level. Employing original data from an elite and a mass survey conducted in six EU countries between 2017 and 2018, we find that both voters and MPs expressed a high level of support for policies strengthening European solidarity in the Eurozone periphery. Instead, voters in Northern and Eastern EU member states shared more positive preferences than their national representatives. Furthermore, the party-voter distance was higher for radical-right Eurosceptic MPs, especially in Northern Europe, than for other parties.

Профессиональная позиция педагога-психолога в проектировании инклюзивной образовательной среды

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">The article discusses the problem of professional involvement of a teacher-psychologist in the inclusive educational process of a school and his role in creating an inclusive educational environment (IEE). The results of federal monitoring of the state of the inclusive educational environment in schools of the Russian Federation and indicators related to psychological and pedagogical support for students with special educational needs in educational organizations (EO) are considered, namely: 85% of OOs provide socio-psychological support to children who find themselves in difficult life situations situations, consultations with a teacher-psychologist account for 84%, and 78% of educational institutions conduct individual correctional classes, which indicates a high level of support. 76% of public organizations have Regulations on psychological services, 85.2% of public organizations have Regulations on psychological and pedagogical council; Offices of educational psychologists are provided in 71% of schools. Based on a discussion of the data, conclusions are drawn about the need for professional development of educational psychologists and the formation of their inclusive competencies and role in building an inclusive educational environment.</span></p>

Colchicine and/or Naltrexone for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Not Requiring High Levels of Ventilatory Support (COLTREXONE): A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Trial.

We assessed the efficacy and safety of colchicine and low-dose naltrexone (LDN), alone and in combination, in preventing progression to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this prospective, randomized, open-label trial, colchicine and LDN were compared to standard of care (SOC) in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 not requiring high levels of ventilatory support. Patients were randomly assigned to colchicine alone, LDN alone, colchicine/LDN in combination, or SOC. The primary outcome was time to disease recovery. Secondary outcomes included total time hospitalized,study enrollment, level of care, oxygen support, and adverse events. One-hundred and thirty-seven patients were randomized (Nc = 34, Nc+ldn = 33, Nldn = 35, Nsoc = 35). Eighty-four patients (61%) achieved disease recovery by day 5. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who experienced the primary efficacy outcome among those who received colchicine, LDN, or between the four study arms.Patients receiving colchicine had a shorter length of enrollment but not a significant reduction in the length of stay. Diarrhea was the most common adverse reaction. In adults hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 not requiring high-level ventilatory support, colchicine and LDN, alone and in combination, were not associated with significant reductions in progression to severe disease.

Exploring the push-pull factors influencing parenting efficacy of fathers of children with ASD: a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis.

This study aimed to explore the core factors and configurations influencing parenting efficacy for fathers of children with ASD in Western China by using a configuration analysis. Understanding the push-pull factors related to parenting efficacy for fathers raising children with ASD can support the fathers of children with ASD to participate in education affairs and improve the quality of family education, which is of significant importance to both individuals and society. This study recruited 156 fathers of children with ASD from China. The results suggested that there was more than one (sub) configuration for achieving a high level of parenting efficacy among fathers of children with ASD. (b) The configurations could be summarized into three main types as follows: "working within the system*flexible working time," "high level of education*high level of other support," and "severe disability*fewer interaction with wife." (c) The two variables, "family income" and "community support," were not as important as they were shown in previous studies, and their effects often depended on how they interact with other variables. Findings highlighted the validity of deploying configuration analysis (based on the ecosystem theory) to establish the relationship between independent variables and the parenting efficacy of fathers of children with ASD. The discovery of more than one configuration led to a new consensus on how multiple factors influence parenting efficacy. Implications were suggested for practitioners, policymakers, and future research alike.

Hate Speech Against Asian American Youth: Pre-Pandemic Trends and The Role of School Factors

Although hate speech against Asian American youth has intensified in recent years—fueled, in part, by anti-Asian rhetoric associated with the COVID-19 pandemic—the phenomenon remains largely understudied at scale and in relation to the role of schools prior to the pandemic. This study describes the prevalence of hate speech against Asian American adolescents in the US between 2015 and 2019 and investigates how school-related factors are associated with whether Asian American youth are victims of hate speech at school. Analyses are based on a sample of 938 Asian American adolescents (Mage = 14.8; 48% female) from the three most recently available waves (2015, 2017, and 2019) of the School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey. On average, approximately 7% of Asian Americans were targets of hate speech at school between 2015 and 2019, with rates remaining stable over time. Findings also indicate that students had lower odds of experiencing hate speech if they attended schools with a stronger authoritative school climate, which is characterized by strict, yet fair disciplinary rules coupled with high levels of support from adults. On the other hand, Asian American youth faced higher odds of experiencing hate speech if they were involved in school fights. Authoritative school climate and exposure to fights are malleable and can be shaped directly by broader school climate related policies, programs and interventions. Accordingly, efforts to promote stronger authoritative climates and reduce exposure to physical fights hold considerable potential in protecting Asian American youth from hate speech at school.

South Korean Cost Sensitivity and Support for Nuclear Weapons

How do the costs of proliferation shape the public support for building nuclear weapons? Public opinion matters, especially in a democracy, because the masses can affect the nuclear policy choices that political elites make. Yet the existing literature on nuclear proliferation has not incorporated the public’s cost sensitivity in the analysis. We therefore do not fully understand the sources of public attitudes toward nuclearization. By fielding a novel survey experiment in South Korea, I found that the economic and human costs of economic sanctions and preventive strikes dampen South Koreans’ preferences for nuclear armament. Relative to the no-cost condition, economic and human costs reduce the support levels by 25.1% points and 19.4% points, respectively and in the case of combined costs the support decreases by 29.6% points. However, South Koreans still have relatively high levels of support for a nuclear arsenal even after the exposure to the costs of nuclearization. This implies that the rally effect resulting from hostile international responses may mitigate the negative cost effects to some degree. This study can contribute to the growing literature by providing new theoretical foundations and empirical results.

A forest peacebuilding mechanism for the world’s most fragile states

Resource scarcity within a fragile state can lead to cooperation or within-state conflict. Cooperation is more likely when local peacebuilding mechanisms are part of a national peace framework. A new local peacebuilding mechanism, shared forest cooperatives (SFC), is proposed here. Designed to stabilize peace in rural communities, SFC refers to a network of local councils. Each council manages a living bank, namely annual dividends harvested from a forest ecosystem or other perennial plants. SFC’s backbone for managing forest dividends is Elinor Ostrom’s common-pool resource principles. Each SFC group relies on the backbone when choosing its own rights, rules and obligations. Ostrom’s monitoring principle of higher-level support, or polycentrism, presents difficulty for fragile states. Outside intervention covers binding decisions, technical expertise and hosting neutral space for face-to-face dialogue initially. SFC’s design, theory and practice draws from four elements: 1) where SFC fits within the current intervention practices, 2) SFC’s reliance on shared land usage and occupancy typical for most of the world’s nine most fragile states, namely Somalia, Yemen, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Chad, Sudan, Afghanistan, Central African Republic and Syria, 3) adapting Elinor Ostrom’s common-pool resource principles for sharing each living bank’s dividends 4) better governance based on local peace council experiences. Elements are folded into a synthesis and its critique then policy implications. Socially fragile, SFC is proposed as a 2-for-1 mechanism for building peace in rural communities while minimizing forest loss.

Інформаційна технологія підтримки прийняття рішень в задачах відеоспостереження та моніторінгу

In the modern world, video surveillance systems are an integral part of security and monitoring measures in various sectors, from public places to industrial facilities. However, with their increasing prevalence, ethical issues arise concerning the use of video data and the impact of these systems on privacy and citizens' rights. In this article, we will delve into some of these issues in detail and propose recommendations for their resolution. It is important to recognize the consequences that video surveillance and monitoring can have on the quality and effectiveness of decisions made by people. This problem proves to be quite relevant in various fields, including manufacturing, engineering, and others. Video surveil-lance and monitoring have become an integral part of the modern world, particularly in the areas of security, transportation, urban planning, and ecology, with the aid of advanced video analysis and data processing technologies. Today's video surveillance systems provide a high level of information support for decision-making, which is why we will explore the key aspects of information technology that support decision-making in video surveillance and monitoring tasks, as well as the prospects and challenges of its application.

Sustainable Challenges: Community Response to the Policy Restricting the Use of Plastic Shopping Bags in Jambi City

This research investigates the issue of plastic waste in Jambi City by exploring the cognitive (knowledge), affective (emotional support), and conative (attitudinal support) aspects of the community towards the policy of restricting the use of plastic shopping bags. Through a survey method involving 86 respondents from the community of Jambi City, the study evaluates the people's understanding of plastic waste and the level of emotional support for plastic reduction policies and attitudes towards reducing plastic waste. The research reveals a high level of knowledge (77.78%) and significant emotional support (71.05%) for the policy of limiting plastic use in Kota Jambi, while attitudinal support for reducing plastic waste is also high (74.96%). These findings underscore the importance of community awareness and support for measures to reduce single-use plastic consumption, along with significant implications for waste management and environmental conservation in Kota Jambi.