Higher Levels Of Psychological Well-being Research Articles

A hopefulness survey of SWOG members: Relationships among hope, job stress, and burnout.

185 Background: Hope is a cognitive, goal-directed phenomenon that is measurable. It is “a cognitive set that is based on a reciprocally-derived sense of successful agency (goal-directed determination) and pathways (planning to meet goals).” Although hope has been explored in patients, few studies have investigated hope in physicians and other healthcare providers. Low hope has been shown to predict work burnout in other professions. This survey in the SWOG Cancer Research Network tests the relationships among hope, work stress, burnout, and general satisfaction with life. Methods: SWOG members randomly selected and invited to participate by email linked to a 10-minute online survey consisting of the following: The Adult Hope Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, demographic questionnaire, and items assessing burnout, work stress, and general social support. Of 1000 invitees, 226 responded to the survey, including physicians ( n = 77) and RNs ( n = 46). Results: On average, respondents reported relatively high work stress ( M = 3.59 out of 5). Levels of work stress were positively associated with burnout ( r = .58, p < .001), but not with general satisfaction with life ( r = .11, p = .08). Hope levels were negatively associated with burnout ( r = -.21, p = .003) and positively associated with satisfaction with life ( r = .58, p < .001). Consistent with past research showing that people with greater availability of general social support suffer from lower rates of burnout and experience higher levels of psychological well-being, we found that social support was negatively associated with burnout ( r = -.18, p = .007) and positively associated with life satisfaction ( r = .38, p < .001). In addition, we tested a meditational model using Hayes’ bootstrapping approach via the PROCESS macro in SPSS. In this model, hope partially mediated the relationships between social support and both burnout and life satisfaction. In the model, job stress also predicted burnout, but, as in the previous correlational analysis, had no relationship with general life satisfaction. Conclusions: Our cross-sectional results suggest that hope may mitigate the effects of burnout. Our data indicate that the particular combination of social support and hope may prove helpful for reducing job burnout and increasing general satisfaction with life. Single-session hope-enhancement workshops that incorporate both of these elements have been shown to increase hope and psychological well-being in non-medical populations. Such interventions for healthcare professionals warrant further study.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PERSONALITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The article is devoted to the problem of psychological well-being of a personality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The essence of the phenomenon of personality’s psychological well-being and its connection with the social situation and social stress is determined. Subjective severity of the impact of the quarantine on their personal lives and psychological well-being differs between respondents in the first group (72 who rated such impact as high) and the second group (149 people who rated the impact as low). It is impossible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the influence of certain socio-psychological and demographic predictors on the perception of psychological well-being. There is a statistically significant relationship between the subjective high assessment of the impact of the coronavirus situation (first group) and the level of education (almost the same for both groups), which may indicate an indirect effect and requires additional verification. The results of the study show that the respondents of the first and second groups experience the period of the COVID-19 pandemic differently, which in general affects the degree of their psychological well-being. The subjects of the first group have less differentiated expectations about the peculiarities of the pandemic situation in the near future and its impact on their lives; they tend to experience asthenic emotions, depressive states, and use ways to overcome stress based on avoidance and social distraction. This is also manifested in the growth of their anxiety and reduces the level of psychological well-being. The subjects of the second group have more differentiated expectations about the peculiarities of the pandemic situation, tend to analyze the circumstances and develop a specific action plan, not prone to anxiety and depression; use problem-oriented ways to overcome stress, which determines in general their fairly high level of psychological well-being.

Get Vigorous with Physical Exercise and Improve Your Well-Being at Work!

The aim of this study is to investigate whether people who exercise regularly have higher levels of psychological well-being at work. Doing physical exercise is a habit that not only has consequences for physical and mental health, but it can also have positive consequences for organizations because physical exercise makes it easier for the employee to recover from physical, mental, and emotional effort during the workday, thus showing higher levels of engagement the next day. Through the analysis of structural equation models in a sample of 485 workers from different Spanish and Latin American companies, this study shows that subjects who exercise more have higher levels of vigor in physical exercise, which is positively related to high levels of well-being at work. This means that organizations that promote activities related to physical exercise among their employees are building a process of resource recovery, which, through the vigor of these activities, makes workers feel less stressed and more satisfied, thus experiencing greater well-being at work. Therefore, at a practical level, these results suggest that the practice of physical exercise is a tool for organizations that want to promote their employees’ psychological well-being.

Spiritually Motivated Self-Forgiveness and Divine Forgiveness, and Subsequent Health and Well-Being Among Middle-Aged Female Nurses: An Outcome-Wide Longitudinal Approach.

Background: Interest in the relationship between forgiveness and health is steadily growing across disciplines within the research community. While there are multiple forms of forgiveness, past research has focused principally on studying forgiveness of others, whereas longitudinal evidence on the associations between other forms of forgiveness and health remains scarce.Methods: Using longitudinal data from the Nurses’ Health Study II (from the 2008 Trauma Exposure and Post-traumatic Stress Supplementary Survey to 2015 questionnaire wave), this study employed an outcome-wide analytic approach to prospectively examine the association between two forms of religiously or spiritually motivated forgiveness, namely, self-forgiveness and divine forgiveness, and a wide array of subsequent psychosocial well-being, mental health, health behavior, and physical health outcomes among middle-aged female nurses (N = 54,703 for self-forgiveness; N = 51,661 for divine forgiveness). All models controlled for sociodemographic factors, prior religious service attendance, and prior values of all outcome variables wherever data were available. Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple testing.Results: Self-forgiveness was strongly associated with greater psychosocial well-being (e.g., for top vs. bottom level of self-forgiveness, β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.25 for positive affect) and lower psychological distress (e.g., β = −0.21, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.18 for depressive symptoms). To a lesser extent, divine forgiveness was also associated with higher levels of psychological well-being and lower psychological distress. For both forgiveness types, there was little evidence of association with physical health or health behavior outcomes, though possible marginal evidence for an association of self-forgiveness with increased mortality.Discussion: This study provides novel evidence that religiously or spiritually motivated self-forgiveness and divine forgiveness are both positively related to several indicators of psychosocial well-being and inversely associated with psychological distress outcomes, whereas the associations with physical health and health behaviors are less clear. Further longitudinal investigation of the dynamics between these types of forgiveness and health and well-being is warranted.

Business Results and Well-Being: An Engaging Leadership Intervention Study.

The present quasi-experimental study tested the business impact of a leadership development program focusing on psychological well-being through the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. Based on the concept of engaging leadership and self-determination theory, the 8-month program targeted midlevel team leaders of the customer fulfilment center of a health systems multinational organization. The program was designed in co-creation between senior leadership and the team leaders that participated in the program. Outcomes showed positive business results through significant increases in a preselected key performance indicator and decreased employee absenteeism. Through changes in autonomy satisfaction and intrinsic motivation, the team leaders (N = 14) benefitted in a moderate to very large extent relative to a similar control group (N = 52). In contrast, team members (N = 148) displayed no such benefits. Specifically, higher levels of autonomy satisfaction are said to lead to higher levels of psychological well-being and motivation. Still, the link with business performance is absent in most organizational studies within self-determination theory, making the present study one of the first to fill this gap. The study discloses the program design, compares the effects to a relevant control group, evaluates the lessons learned, and provides practical suggestions.

Design, Implementation and Evaluation of an Emotional Education Program: Effects on Academic Performance.

Background: In recent decades, the amount of research on social and emotional learning programs in schools has increased significantly, showing a great number of positive student outcomes, including greater ability to perceive, understand and manage emotions, better attitudes about self and others, less aggressive and/or disruptive behavior, higher levels of psychological well-being and improvement in academic performance among others. The purpose of this research was the design and implementation of the OKAPI emotional education program. A multidimensional program based on cooperative learning methodology.Methods: 86 students of Primary Education, from 3rd to 5th grade (45 students in the experimental unit and 41 in the control group).Results: The implementation of the OKAPI has a positive impact on academic achievement.Conclusion: This program shows the convenience of incorporating programs that can be integrated into school life and can be applied by the teaching staff using both social emotional learning and school climate approaches.

Healthy Selfishness and Pathological Altruism: Measuring Two Paradoxical Forms of Selfishness.

Selfishness is often regarded as an undesirable or even immoral characteristic, whereas altruism is typically considered universally desirable and virtuous. However, human history as well as the works of humanistic and psychodynamic psychologists point to a more complex picture: not all selfishness is necessarily bad, and not all altruism is necessarily good. Based on these writings, we introduce new scales for the assessment of individual differences in two paradoxical forms of selfishness that have lacked measurement in the field – healthy selfishness (HS) and pathological altruism (PA). In two studies (N1 = 370, N2 = 891), we constructed and validated the HS and PA scales. The scales showed good internal consistency and a clear two-dimensional structure across both studies. HS was related to higher levels of psychological well-being and adaptive psychological functioning as well as a genuine prosocial orientation. PA was associated with maladaptive psychological outcomes, vulnerable narcissism, and selfish motivations for helping others. These results underpin the paradoxical nature of both constructs. We discuss the implications for future research, including clinical implications.

Differences in well-being and fear of death among female hospice employees and volunteers in Hungary

BackgroundVoluntary work plays a significant role in hospice care, but international research has mainly been conducted on the mental health and fear of death of paid hospice staff. The aim of the present study was to compare the Hungarian hospice volunteers with paid employees with regard to attitudes and fear of death, as well as mental health in order to see their role in hospice work and their psychological well-being more clearly.MethodsThe target population of the cross-sectional questionnaire study was hospice care providers in Hungary (N = 1255). The response rate was 15.5% (N = 195); 91.8% (N = 179) of them were women. The mean age of female hospice workers was 45.8 years (SD = 10.46 years, range: 23–73 years). One-quarter (27.9%, N = 50) of the female respondents were volunteers. The instruments were: the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and a shortened versions of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire.ResultsVolunteers scored significantly lower on 5 dimensions of fear of death than paid employees, and showed significantly lower levels of vital exhaustion and significantly higher levels of psychological well-being than paid employees. Fear of the dying process was associated with an increased perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and vital exhaustion in both groups. Psychological well-being showed a significant negative, moderate correlation with four aspects of fear of death among paid staff; this pattern did not appear in the volunteer group. In addition, the association between fear of premature death and perceived stress, vital exhaustion, and depressive symptoms was more pronounced is case of paid workers.ConclusionHigher levels of psychological well-being and lower levels of fear of death among hospice volunteers suggest that they are less exhausted than paid employees. Increasing the recruitment of volunteers in hospices may help reduce the overload and exhaustion of paid employees.

СТАВЛЕННЯ ДО ХВОРОБИ ТА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ ОСІБУ СИТУАЦІЇ ХРОНІЧНОГО СОМАТИЧНОГО ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ

The purpose of this article is theoretical and empirical study of the features of the relationship between the attitude to a disease and the psychological well-being of persons with chronic somatic disease. Methods. We have used three psychodiagnostic questionnaires for the research: the illness cognition questionnaire (ICQ) (A. Evers F. Kraaimaat, adaptation by N. Sirota and D. Moskovchenko), Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being (adaptation by M. Lepeshinskyy), the social and psychological adaptation questionnaire (C. Rogers and R. Diamond, adaptation by O. Osnitskyy). Methods of processing empirical data were: Pearson’s correlation analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and Student’s t-test. Results. 50 people with multiple sclerosis participated in the study. Positive correlations have been identified between disease acceptance, psychological well-being of these persons and its components (positive relations, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life, self-acceptance). Negative correlations have been proved to exist between the feelings helplessness due to disease and their psychological well-being, including its components such as autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, self-acceptance. Positive correlations were identified between the tendency of these persons to positively overestimate the importance of the disease and their psychological well-being, including its components such as environmental mastery, personal growth, self-acceptance. Certain differences were identified in the indicators of psychological well-being of persons with different attitude to their chronic somatic disease. Conclusions. It has been found that attitude to the disease is an important factor of person’s psychological well-being in case of chronic somatic disease. Persons who have a positive idea about their disease, accept it, realistically perceive the problems and limitations associated with the disease, see opportunities for personal growth have a higher level of psychological well-being and adaptability than those who focus on the negative aspects of the disease, treat it as a source of problems, limitations, subjectively burdensome feelings.

ЕМОЦІЙНИЙ ІНТЕЛЕКТ ЯК ФАКТОР ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ МАЙБУТНІХ ПСИХОЛОГІВ

Актуальність дослідження. Окремої уваги потребує розвиток емоційного інтелекту студентів-психологів у процесі фахової підготовки, виявлення ролі емоційного інтелекту у психологічному благополуччі майбутніх психологів. Мета дослідження – виявити кореляційні зв’язки між показниками емоційного інтелекту та психологічного благополуччя та дотичних параметрів: копінгів, самоорганізації, осмисленості життя. Вибірка і методи дослідження. Експериментальну базу досліджуваних склали 231 студентів 2-4 курсів, які є здобувачами вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Психологія» ХНПУ імені Г.С. Сковороди та Державного закладу «Південноукраїнський національний педагогічний університет імені К. Д. Ушинського» (199 дівчат та 33 юнаки). У дослідженні використано такі методики: діагностики емоційного інтелекту Н. Холла в адаптації Є.П. Ільїна, діагностики емоційного інтелекту Д.В. Люсіна, опитувальник психологічного благополуччя К. Ріфф в адаптації Т.Д. Шевеленкової, П.П. Фесенко, копінг-тест Р. Лазаруса. Результати. Висока осмисленість життя, яка характеризує рішучих, автономно-контрольованих, задоволених самореалізацією студентів з високою емоційною насиченістю життя, властива тим майбутнім психологам, які мають високий рівень емоційного інтелекту. Високий рівень емоційного інтелекту майбутніх психологів передбачає високий рівень психологічного благополуччя. Емоційно-інтелектуальні якості, як розуміння власних емоцій та здатність до управління ними передбачає високу міру здатності до використання конструктивних копінг-стратегій. Висновки. Емоційний інтелект, з одного боку, виступає однією із ключових професійно значущих якостей майбутнього психолога, зі іншого, як показали результати представленого дослідження, пов'язаний із осмисленістю життя, здатностями до самоорганізації у діяльності, конструктивними копінг-стратегіями та психологічним благополуччям.

Association of laparoscopic colectomy versus open colectomy on the long-term health-related quality of life of colon cancer survivors

BackgroundLaparoscopic colectomy (LC) is a less invasive alternative to open colectomy (OC) in the treatment of stage I–III colon cancer. Research on the long-term (5-year post-diagnosis) health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of LC patients is scarce. Our study aimed to compare the long-term HRQOL and psychological well-being of stage I–III colon cancer survivors treated either with LC or OC.MethodsThis study used a German population-based cohort of patients treated with either LC (n = 86) or OC (n = 980). LC patients were matched to OC patients using a propensity score. At 5-year follow-up, patients completed assessments on HRQOL (EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-CR29) and psychological well-being (distress and disease/treatment burden). Least square mean scores of HRQOL were derived using linear regression. Proportions of patients with moderate/high distress and disease/treatment burden were compared with Chi-square tests.ResultsIn total, 81 LC patients were matched to 156 OC patients. Generally, LC patients had HRQOL comparable to OC patients, albeit LC patients reported significantly better body image (87.1 versus 81.0, p = 0.03). Distress levels were generally low and comparable between the two groups, even though LC patients were more likely to experience disease recurrence (16% versus 7%, p = 0.02) than OC patients. OC patients were more likely to feel moderate/high levels of burden associated with the treatment (72% versus 56%, p = 0.01) and the time after treatment completion (43% versus 28%, p = 0.02).ConclusionLC patients reported comparable long-term HRQOL outcomes but higher levels of psychological well-being than OC patients 5 years after diagnosis, even though LC was associated with higher risk of disease recurrence.

Types of personality motivation structure of women who are acquiring higher education in psychology

The article deals with the results of empirical research on the types of personality moti-vation structure of women who are acquiring higher education in psychology. Two types have been singled out: expressive and impulsive. The expressive type comprises two com-ponents: ideal motivation aimed at life necessities, general activity and social utility, and real motivation aimed at comfort, social status and communication. In the structure of the impulsive type there are three components: real motivation aimed at life necessities, so-cial status, general activity and social utility; real motivation aimed at communication and comfort; creativity motivation aimed at self-development and creative activity. Women belonging to the expressive type of personality motivation structure have more positive self-attitude and a higher level of psychological well-being than women belonging to the impulsive type.

الهناء النفسی وعلاقته بالشفقة بالذات لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانویة أمیره بنت امعادی علاجی. Psychological Well-Being and Its Relationship to Self-Compassion among Girls High School Students

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى تحديد مستوى انتشار الهناء النفسي کما يهدف لتحديد مستوى انتشار الشفقة بالذات لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانوية, وإمکانية الکشف عن العلاقة الارتباطية بين الهناء النفسي والشفقة بالذات لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانوية, وايضا إمکانية التنبؤ بالشفقة بالذات من خلال الهناء النفسي لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانوية, من خلال استخدام مقياس الهناء النفسي إعداد: ( Ryff,1995; 2000; 2014ترجمة: محمد غازي, 2019), ومقياس الشفقة بالذات إعداد: (Neff,2003 ترجمة: رياض العاسمي,2015), وتکونت عينة البحث من (96) طالبة من طالبات المرحلة الثانوية واستخدمت الأهمية النسبية ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون وتحليل الانحدار المتعدد المتدرج للتحليل الإحصائي, وتوصلت النتائج إلى أن الأهمية النسبية للدرجة الکلية للهناء النفسي لدى الطالبات عينة البحث بلغت 73.83% وهي قيمة مرتفعة؛ مما يشير إلى ارتفاع مستوى الهناء النفسي لديهن, کما أن الأهمية النسبية للدرجة الکلية للشفقة بالذات لدى الطالبات عينة البحث بلغت 63.11% وهي قيمة متوسطة؛ مما يشير إلى انتشار مستوى الشفقة بالذات لدى الطالبات عينة الدراسة بشکل متوسط, کما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود علاقة ارتباطية دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى 0.01 و 0.05 بين الدرجة الکلية للهناء النفسي والدرجة الکلية للشفقة بالذات وأبعادهم المدروسة, کما توصلت النتائج إلى أن قيمة ف لمعرفة إمکانية التنبؤ بالدرجة الکلية للشفقة بالذات من خلال أبعاد الهناء النفسي بلغت (5.490) وهي قيمة دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى 0.01. The present study aims to determining level of psychological well-being and self-compassion among female high school students. It aims to recognize correlative relationship between psychological well-being and self-compassion among female high school students. Girls, it aims to predict self-compassion throughout psychological well-being among female high school students applying Psychological Well-Being Scale prepared by (Ryff, 1995; 2000; 2004; translated by Ghazy,M 2019) and Self-Compassion Scale prepared by (Neff, 2003; translated by Al-Asemi,R 2015). The research participants consisted of (96) Girls high school students. The present study applies different statistical analysis methods as relative importance, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple gradient regression analysis. The findings of the study show that the total score of relative importance of psychological well-being among female students is 73.83% . It represents a high level of psychological well-being among participants. It also concludes that relative importance of the total score of self-compassion among participants is 63.11%, It represents a moderate level of self-compassion prevalence among participants. The findings also reveal a statistically significant correlative relationship at 0.01 and 0.05 level between the total score of psychological well-being and the total score of self-compassion including its dimensions. Finally, it concludes that F value to recognize predictability of the total score of self-compassion throughout the dimensions of psychological well-being is 5.490, that is a statistically significant value at 0.01 level.

ОТНОШЕНИЕ К ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЕ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ УЧАЩИХСЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ И ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКОЛ

Introduction. The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the educational environment at specialized and secondary schools in the assessments made by students, and indices of their psychological well-being. Materials and Methods. The study relied on the methods of “The scale of psychological well-being” (С. Riff, as adapted by N. N. Lepeshinsky), “The scale of subjective well-being” (A. Perrudet-Badoux, G. Mendelssohn and J. Chiche, as adapted by M. V. Sokolova), and “Psychological safety of the school’s educational environment” (I. A. Baeva). Results. Students of specialized schools have a higher level of psychological well-being. They are characterized by a desire to grow and develop, and openness to a new experience. They are aware of the realization of their potential, have a developed system of personal criteria, and are independent of the opinions of others. Conclusion. The findings have shown that the educational environment of specialized schools is rated higher by students in most of the studied indices compared to secondary schools. Keywords: psychological well-being, educational environment, giftedness, specialized schools.

Материалистична ориентация и психично благополучие при юношите в 11-12 клас

The aim of the current study is to look for theoretically and empirically grounded proof for the correlation between aspirations – extrinsic and intrinsic- determining the motivation – and the psychological wellbeing of adolescents in 11th grade. Materialistic orientation is expressed in the preferences of extrinsic goals such as fame, wealth and image, while the intrinsic aspirations are related to preferences of aspirations for personal growth, personal relationships and community contribution. High level of psychological wellbeing is measured through the six elements from K. Ryff’s definition: self-acceptance, positive interaction with others, autonomy, managing of environment, meaning and personal growth. The research includes a group of 50 students in two Bulgarian high schools.

Chinese Adolescents’ Conflict with Parents and Its Relationship with Their Psychological Well-Being

This paper investigated 125 Chinese adolescents’ daily conflicts with their parents through blogs within 2 weeks on a platform specifically designed for this study. BSI (Brief Symptom Inventory) scores were also collected to measure their psychological well-being. 3-way ANOVAs (age × gender × BSI group) were conducted on variables of parent-child conflicts (frequency, intensity, resolution, fairness and feelings towards resolution, justification). The main findings are: 1) adolescents from the low-BSI group felt less unfair and upset or depressed to the resolution of the conflicts, compared to those from the high-BSI group. In other words, when adolescents felt more fair and happy to the resolution to the conflicts, they have a healthier status of psychological well-being; 2) frequency and intensity of conflicts in general had no significant correlation with adolescents’ psychological well-being, but there is an interaction between gender and BSI score on intensity; 3) there is a significant difference between low- and high-BSI groups in conflicts concerning personal issues or choices, which indicates low-BSI group (with a higher level of psychological well-being) negotiated more on personal issues with their parents; 4) there is an interaction between adolescents’ age and BSI in personal justification and an interaction between gender and BSI in psychological justification. Implications and suggestions on education related to adolescents’ psychological well-beings are discussed.

Correlation of School Well-Being Indicators and the Implicit Theory of Intelligence in Well-Being Schoolchildren

Based on the results of studies by representatives of positive psychology, the authors suggested that one of the most important results of upbringing and instruction in high school is the implicit theory of schoolchild intelligence that is assimilated in the interaction of a teenager with peers, parents and teachers. At present, confidence in the students’ own intellectual viability is considered as priority goals of school education. At the same time, there is a lack of research on the correlation of indicators of implicit theories of intelligence and school well-being. The study involved 169 secondary school students from the 7th to 10th grade of the city of Yekaterinburg. As a result of the study of correlation relationships, the authors found that the adoption of the theory of accumulated intelligence, an enriched personality and the goal of teaching students with a high level of psychological well-being is associated with a positive attitude towards school. The self-esteem of teaching students with a low level of psychological well-being will be positive provided that the adolescent has a positive attitude towards school and teachers, with a negative attitude towards parents.

Изучение осведомленности в семейной истории: психологическое благополучие и девиантное поведение

This article presents the results of a study on correlation level of psychological wellbeing of the person with the degree of awareness of adolescence of his own family history. The analysis and comparison of existing concepts proposes a new understanding and definition of the phenomenon of family history. Family history is represented as a resource person, the relevance of which is due to occurring socioculture changes. It has been developed and modified by special questionnaire aimed at the study of the level of awareness. In the present study we took 121 people participated. 73 adolescence group of norm, and 48 with deviant behavior. It was found that adolescents knowledgeable in the history of the family history, to maintain contact with the extended family, for which it is studying and maintaining meaningful, characterized by high levels of psychological well-being.

The Comparative Impact of Cash Transfers and a Psychotherapy Program on Psychological and Economic Well-Being

We study the economic and psychological effects of a USD 1076 PPP unconditional cash transfer, a five-week psychotherapy program, and the combination of both interventions among 5,756 individuals in rural Kenya. One year after the interventions, cash transfer recipients had higher consumption, asset holdings, and revenue, as well as higher levels of psychological well-being than control households. In contrast, the psychotherapy program had no measurable effects on either psychological or economic outcomes, both for individuals with poor mental health at baseline and others. The effects of the combined treatment are similar to those of the cash transfer alone.

Metas de aprendizaje y rasgos de personalidad como predictores del bienestar en cadetes de una institución policial

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo investigar si la motivación académica y los rasgos de personalidad predicen el bienestar de los cadetes de policía, a la vez que se analizaron diferencias en el bienestar según sexo y edad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 411 cadetes con una media de edad de 24.08 años (DT = 3.18) pertenecientes a una institución policial estatal. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: el BFI (Big Five Inventory), EMA – M (Escala de Metas de Aprendizaje), MHC-SF (Mental Health Continuum – Short Form) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron comprobar que los mayores predictores positivos del bienestar fueron extraversión (t = 3.412; ß = .157; p < .01); agradabilidad (t = 2.901; ß = .144; p < .01); responsabilidad (t = 3.851; ß = .195; p < .001) y metas en relación con el aprendizaje y el dominio de los conocimientos (t = 2.446; ß = .103; p < .05). De igual manera se halló que el único predictor negativo fue el rasgo de personalidad neuroticismo (t = -3.555; ß = -.184; p < .01). Asimismo, se encontró que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la dimensión bienestar social (t(410) = 1.816; p <.05) entre hombres y mujeres. Finalmente, se halló que la dimensión bienestar psicológico variaba según edad (F(2,411); p < .05), donde el grupo de mayor edad presenta mayores niveles de bienestar psicológico. En cuanto al bienestar total (F (2,411); p < .05), se encontró que, a mayor edad, mayor es el bienestar total. En vista de los resultados obtenidos, puede afirmarse que tanto la personalidad como la motivación por el aprendizaje son variables que predicen el bienestar total de los estudiantes. Asimismo, se deja constancia que los niveles de bienestar varían en función del género y la edad.