High-tech Manufacturing Industries Research Articles

Achieving green product and process innovation through green leadership and creative engagement in manufacturing

PurposeThe aims of this study were three-fold: to determine the impact of green transformational leadership on creative process engagement, green product innovation and green process innovation; to examine the association of creative process engagement with green product and process innovation and to identify the mediating influence of creative process engagement in the association between green transformational leadership and green process and product innovation.Design/methodology/approachData was collected through a survey questionnaire from 291 middle- and lower-level managers and employees through simple random sampling in four high-tech manufacturing industries situated in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen in China. We examined the data through structural equation modeling using partial least squares to test the study hypotheses.FindingsThe findings unveiled that green transformational leadership and creative process engagement positively influence green product innovation and green process innovation. Similarly, green transformational leadership is positively linked with creative process engagement. The findings further revealed that creative process engagement mediates the impact of green transformational leadership on green process and product innovation. Hence, our findings provide strong support for the role of green transformational leadership and creative process engagement in improving green process and product innovation.Research limitations/implicationsOur sample is limited to China and collected from high-tech manufacturing industries.Practical implicationsDrawing on the componential theory of creativity, the authors suggest that organizational leaders, specifically those who practice green transformational leadership, should increase creative process engagement among subordinates, as it is a crucial intangible resource for green process and product innovation.Social implicationsWe suggest that a combination of green transformational leadership and creative process engagement improves green process and product innovation as well as the environmental performance of a business by eliminating all forms of hazardous material and waste.Originality/valueThis work is one of the earliest empirical studies to evaluate the influence of green transformational leadership on fostering green product and process innovation and the mediating impact of creative process engagement on the linkage among green transformational leadership, green product and process innovation within the manufacturing context.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Global Value Chain of the Manufacturing Industry

This paper adopts the GDYN model to estimate the dynamic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global manufacturing industry and the value chain. Our simulation finds that (1) In the short run, the low-tech manufacturing industries will suffer greater shocks, with a decline of output growth in 2021 by 6.0%. The growth rate of the high-tech manufacturing industry showed an increasing trend of 3.7% in 2021. (2) In the post-epidemic period, the total manufacturing output will return to the baseline level, from which the growth rate of low-tech manufacturing will rebound, demonstrating a V-shaped development trajectory. (3) From the perspective of Global Value Chain (GVC), the participation in GVCs of manufacturers in countries along the Belt and Road, the European Union and the United States will weaken, while China’s manufacturing industry has witnessed an obvious improvement in export competitiveness. The import added value of China has decreased, which shows that its ability to meet domestic demand has been improving. This indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic is providing a crucial opportunity for China to upgrade its manufacturing value chain, which contributes to the accelerated construction of a new dual-cycle development pattern.

Sectoral productivity convergence, input-output structure and network communities in Japan

We study sectoral productivity convergence through the input-output structure of the economy and its network representation. In particular, we study 106 production sectors in Japan over the 2003–2012 period and identify highly interconnected sectors using community detection algorithms. We next characterize the dynamics of these communities by evaluating the evolution of productivity dispersion using parametric and nonparametric frameworks of sectoral productivity convergence. We find two dominant communities: The central members of community 1 are mostly service-related industries, while the central members of community 2 are mostly high-tech manufacturing industries. The convergence analyses indicate that the two communities have contrasting convergence-divergence patterns. Robust convergence is only found for community 1. In contrast, community 2 appears to be the source of the weak divergence pattern that is observed across all industries in Japan.

Supplier centrality, innovation value and supplier acquisition: evidence from US high-tech manufacturing firms

PurposeThe importance of supply chain network centrality has been widely recognized in the manufacturing literature. This study extends this literature by investigating the relationship between network centrality and innovation value. “Innovation value” refers to an innovation's impact, quality and potential future contribution to technological development in a business community. This study also aims to examine whether the relationship between supplier centrality and innovation value is contingent upon supplier acquisition.Design/methodology/approachThe study hypotheses are tested with archival data collected from US high-tech manufacturing industries over the 17-year period. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe authors found that supplier centrality has a significant positive relationship with innovation value. Moreover, an increase in supplier acquisition activities makes the relationship between supplier centrality and innovation value more positive.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the manufacturing and technology management research by exploring the impact of supplier centrality on innovation value. The results of this study shed light on the importance of a firm's central network position in enhancing the impact and quality of innovation. This study uncovers contingencies that help realize the potential benefits of holding a central network position.

Potential impacts of foreign divestment on China’s high-tech manufacturing industry: a general equilibrium model-based analysis

ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the potential impacts of foreign divestment on the growth of China’s High-tech Manufacturing industry by developing a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that features foreign direct investment (FDI). Simulation results show that when FDI inflow stops, domestic firms substitute foreign firms rapidly, stimulating output relative to the baseline scenario. However, when foreign divestment is continuous or drastic, there are sizable adverse impacts on domestic firms’ output with the decreasing labour productivity relative to the baseline. The further decomposition of labour productivity growth suggests that larger foreign divestment results in a more substantial reduction in technological catch-up and technological change, implying the crucial role of FDI-related technology transfer and spillover in the growth of China’s high-tech manufacturing industry.

The moderating effect of absorptive capacity on the technology search and innovation quality relationship in high-tech manufacturing firms

Based on the knowledge-based view, we conceptualize the technology search of high-tech manufacturing firms into three dimensions, namely search breadth, search depth, and balanced search, and construct the functional paths of the relationships between the different technology search dimensions and innovation quality of high-tech manufacturing firms. Grounded in absorptive capacity theory, we analyze how such relationships will change with the absorptive capacity level. Using data from China’s high-tech manufacturing industry from 2009 to 2017, we construct a panel data model to test the moderating effect of absorptive capacity on such relationships. Our research findings suggest: (i) Technology search breadth and depth each have a significant, inverted U-shaped relationship with innovation quality, i.e., technology search breadth and depth have an optimal point, and innovation quality exhibits an initial increasing and then decreasing trend. (ii) Balanced search has a significant positive relationship with innovation quality, i.e., there is a balanced point between technology search breadth and depth, and the higher the balance point is, the higher is innovation quality. (iii)Absorptive capacity does not merely positively moderate the relationship between technology search and innovation quality, but has different moderating effects under different search levels.

Performance Dissimilarities in European Union Manufacturing: The Effect of Ownership and Technological Intensity

Our paper addresses the relevance of a set of continuous and categorical variables that describe industry characteristics to differences in performance between foreign versus locally owned companies in industries with dissimilar levels of technological intensity. Including data on manufacturing sector performance from 20 European Union member countries and covering the 2009–2016 period, we used the random forests methodology to identify the best predictors of EU manufacturing industries’ a priori classification based on two main attributes: ownership (foreign versus local) and technological intensity. We found that EU foreign-owned businesses dominate locally owned ones in terms of size, which gives them an edge in obtaining higher profits, cash flow and investments and coping with higher personnel costs. Furthermore, ownership is a more important differentiator of performance at the industry level than the industry’s technological level. The performance of foreign-owned high-tech manufacturing industry units across the EU is the most heterogeneous compared to the other four categories, indicating particularities linked to technological level, ownership, and even location. Our findings suggest that multinational enterprises in high-tech industries transfer to eastern EU countries’ activities and processes with lower technological intensity and higher labour intensity, but also that locally owned businesses, even within high-tech industries, have lower technological levels.

DETERMINANTS OF PLATFORM ECOSYSTEM HEALTH: AN EXPLORATION BASED ON GROUNDED THEORY

Whether the platform ecosystem operates well influences the survival and development of all actors. Drawing on the literature of business ecosystem health, we propose the topic of platform ecosystem health, which refers to a stable and sustainable operating status obtained through cooperation among actors that can effectively respond to turbulent changes, meet market demand, and make profit. Platform ecosystem health is complexly influenced by internal and external factors, and exploring these is the first step towards its improvement. To address this question, this study uses grounded theory to identify the main determinants and theoretically explain the ways in which these determinants influence platform ecosystem health. Specifically, we select 15 representative platform ecosystems in the mobile communication services, e-commerce, and high-tech manufacturing industries using theoretical sampling. Three encoding processes and theoretical saturation tests are then employed to analyze interview and secondary data on the health of these platform ecosystems. Based on the identified 132 concepts and nine categories, we obtain four types of determinants: dominant capabilities of the platform enterprise, cooperation potential of the complementary enterprise, products and services, and industry environment. We finally propose four propositions to illustrate the relationships between the determinants and platform ecosystem health.

Does foreign investment hurt job creation at home? The geography of outward FDI and employment in the USA

Abstract Rising political skepticism on the benefits of global economic integration has increased public scrutiny of the foreign activities of domestic firms in virtually all advanced economies. Decisions to invest in new activities abroad are seen by some commentators as potentially detrimental to domestic employment. We contribute to this debate by scrutinizing the relationship between outward ‘greenfield’ Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and local employment levels. The analysis, at the scale of USA Economic Areas, finds a generally positive link between outward investment and local employment, but with an important range of differences across regions and sectors. Less developed regions benefit the most from the positive returns of outward FDI, and, particularly, from outward FDI if it is undertaken by firms in high-tech manufacturing and services industries. But there is a downside, in the form of increasing intra-regional inequalities between high-skilled and low-skilled workers in these areas.

Exploring the effects of small- and medium-sized enterprise employees' job satisfaction on their innovative work behaviours: the moderating effects of personality

PurposeThe purpose is to contribute to the debate on how job satisfaction might influence small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) employees' propensity to engage in innovative work behaviours. The authors examine the relations between job satisfaction and innovative work behaviour and each of its sub-dimensions: idea generation, promotion and realisation. Additionally, the authors explore the potential moderating effects of openness to experience and conscientiousness on the relations between job satisfaction and innovative work behaviour and each of the sub-dimensions of innovative work behaviour.Design/methodology/approachPaper-based questionnaires were used to collect data from employees in 28 SMEs located in the Aargau region of Switzerland. All the SMEs were part of the high-tech manufacturing industry. The authors’ hypothesized model was tested using hierarchal regression analysis on a sample of 125 employees.FindingsJob satisfaction was positively related to innovative work behaviour and to each of its sub-dimensions: idea generation, promotion and realisation. Openness to experience moderated the relationships between job satisfaction and innovative work behaviour and job satisfaction and the sub-dimensions idea generation, idea promotion and idea realisation. However, conscientiousness did not moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and innovative work behaviour, nor between job satisfaction and each of the sub-dimensions of innovative work behaviour.Practical implicationsFindings demonstrate that supportive work environments in SMEs which help develop job satisfaction among employees can have positive effects on the discretionary performances of employees.Originality/valueStudies that examine relationships between job satisfaction and innovative work behaviours in SMEs are extremely sparse. This study makes novel contributions to this line of inquiry by examining how job satisfaction relates to each of the three sub-dimensions of innovative work behaviour and by exploring the potential moderating roles of two important personality traits in these relationships.

SYSTEM OF DUAL TRAINING OF ENGINEERING PERSONNEL FOR KNOWLEDGE-BASED ENTERPRISES AND HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES

Background. Nonconformity of training of qualified engineers for high-tech companies with the requirements of high-tech manufacturing industries in Ukraine. Objective. The purpose of the paper is to develop a three-stage system of dual education for Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and companies “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine” that will be focused on efficient trainings of future technicians to solve applied engineering and technological tasks for the above-mentioned companies. Methods. Analysis of successful cooperation of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine” aircraft corporations in the sphere of implementation of higher education concepts using dual form of education. Results. It is shown that the implementation of the dual education for graduate students, where theoretical studies are augmented by solution of applied engineering problems will boost the number of high-skilled engineers available for hire by hi-tech companies. The advantages of dual education for both sides of recruiting process are discussed. It is noted that the implementation of dual education in universities has a complex multi-level structure, where the role of the instructor and the teacher should be treated as one of the most important one. A recent success in the cooperation between the Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, the “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine” shows the advances and the achievements in higher education driven by the dual education strategy. Conclusions. System analysis of engineering and technological problems of aviation companies of Ukraine showed that the qualification of the graduates does not meet the requirements of high-tech companies. Therefore, the main goal of a multi-layer dual education, that was jointly developed by Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine”, is to train qualified specialists for the solution of everyday practical and technological tasks that are common for “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine”. Cooperation of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine” was launched in 2012. Since that time, more than 130 Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute graduates have become engineers of these corporations. Joint dual education master’s degree “Dynamics and Strength of Machines” was certified by European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education (ENAEE). The broadening of the three-level system of dual education offered by Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, “Boeing Ukraine” and “Progresstech-Ukraine” to the multi-disciplinary level has a good potential and will be beneficial not only for the educational institutions but also for the high-tech companies.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of industrial land use efficiency in provincial China based on a stochastic frontier production function approach

Improving industrial land use efficiency is of great significance for sustainable industrial development. This paper measures the industrial land use efficiency (ILUE) in China, and explores its spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors by using a stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method. A translog SFA model that characterizes the relationship between industrial land productivity and land input level is established to estimate the efficiency. The estimation results of the SFA model and related tests both show that the stochastic frontier method for ILUE measurement is suitable, and the contribution rate of technical inefficiency term to the mixed error reaches 66.9%. ILUE levels in China show an increasing trend from 2004 to 2017. The average efficiency in the east is the highest. ILUE in the west gradually surpassed that in the northeast in recent years. Reduction of the inter-group difference greatly contributed to the decrease in overall difference, but it is still the main source of overall difference. Results of the inefficiency function show that enterprise ownership structure produces negative impact on ILUE. The specialization of high-tech manufacturing industry, urbanization level and transportation condition have positive influence on ILUE, while the specialization of the chemical and rubber industry and the local financial pressure exert negative effects. Based on these, some policy recommendations for ILUE improvement are further proposed.

Analysis of the Decline in the Competitiveness of New Products in Beijing's High-tech Manufacturing Industry

Clearly stated in the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for 2035, in order to achieve major breakthroughs in core technologies, one must enter a target innovative country at the forefront, but also insist on the proposed innovation-driven development and adhere to innovation and modernization in our country. With the deepening Sino-US trade friction, the export of various industries in China is facing pressure from the US against globalization, industrial software, and chip manufacturing, which has simultaneously hit China hard through industry development. Data analysis reveals that Beijing's high-tech manufacturing of new products and export earnings decreased year by year, but the main reason for the decline is the decrease in electronic and communication equipment manufacturing sub-industry of its new products in export earnings. It is found that the decline in product competitiveness has nothing to do with the insufficient input of innovation elements, but more with the intermediate links. The link through technological transformation is related to application and absorption. The panel data-fixed effect model was used to verify the assumptions proposed in the previous article. The verification showed that the lack of transformation and application of imported technology and the low efficiency of personnel utilization have led to a decline in the export competitiveness of electronic information manufacturing products. According to the extant research conclusions, three paths for the future innovation of Beijing’s high-tech manufacturing industry to lead sustainable development are given: increased investment in imported technology transformation and adherence to innovation-driven development; improved efficiency of the absorption and absorption of imported technology; and enhanced corporate technology for innovative ability and increased utilization rate of R&D personnel input to stimulate talent innovation vitality.

Enhancement of product design capability in the high-tech manufacturing industry

Enhancement of product design capability in the high-tech manufacturing industry

About the development of the economy using high-tech manufacturing industries

About the development of the economy using high-tech manufacturing industries

МЕРЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЦЕН НА НЕФТЬ И НЕФТЕПРОДУКТЫ КАК УСЛОВИЕ УКРЕПЛЕНИЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ

The research presented in the article is based on the stable concept that the prices of oil and oil products are the most important factor in the economic development of Russia. A high price increases the profitability of oil companies and state budget revenues, while a low price increases the availability of energy resources for consumers and creates a positive multiplier effect in other sectors of the economy. The author draws attention to the dependence of the domestic economy on energy prices, which, in turn, forces the government to actively regulate this market in accordance with the adopted Doctrine of Russia's energy security. In the article, the author analyzes the possibilities of a compromise between budget replenishment and the tasks of increasing the competitiveness of the entire economy, notes the need for a constant search for measures to stabilize the domestic market, while a set of tools for solving current problems can create problems of strategic stability of the economy in the future. The author's main conclusion based on the results of the study is that the problem of energy security and regulation of oil prices cannot be solved outside the country's general industrial policy and the priority development of high-tech manufacturing industries.

The Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment and Export Expansion on the Performance of the High-Tech Manufacturing Industry

The Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment and Export Expansion on the Performance of the High-Tech Manufacturing Industry

An Analysis of Employment Ripple Effects of the PMI of Guizhou in China

The Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry (PMI) is one of the major fostering industries of high-tech manufacturing industry in Guizhou Province. This study is to analyze the employment ripple effects of the PMI, which is very important to induce policies on the industry and technology development of the PMI, is also important to create jobs of Guizhou. To achieve this aim, the Input-Output table of Guizhou published in 2019 was rewritten into 20 industries, and the PMI is regarde as an exogenous sector rather than an endogenous one. Then, the wage-inducing effect, employment-inducing effect and linkage effects of inter-industry of the PMI were measured using I-O analysis.The results are summarized as follows: First, RMB 1 yuan of production or investment in the PMI induced about 0.1331 yuan of wages and 0.0176 persons of employment. In particular, the Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery industry has been affected heavily by the PMI in overall industries. Second, the backward linkage effect of the PMI is greater than the forward linkage effect, which shows that the PMI can be classifified into fifinal manufacture.

The moderating effect of absorptive capacity on transnational knowledge spillover and the innovation quality of high-tech industries in host countries: Evidence from the Chinese manufacturing industry

A considerable literature has grown up around the theme of the impact of knowledge spillover on the firm's innovation performance. Nevertheless, few literatures draw on any research into the impact of transnational knowledge spillover on innovation quality, especially from conscious and unconscious perspectives. What's more, it has been proven that absorptive capacity plays a crucial role on innovation quality, while the relationship between knowledge spillover and absorptive capacity and its impact on innovation quality have yet to be identified. This study therefore defines the transnational knowledge spillover and distinguishes it from involuntary to voluntary, analyzes their impact on the innovation quality of high-tech industries in host countries, and builds a theoretical model that involves absorptive capacity as the moderating variable. Meanwhile, this study collects data on China's high-tech manufacturing industries from 2010 to 2017 to conduct an empirical analysis and the main results were described as following: with an increase in unconscious transnational knowledge spillover, the innovation quality of high-tech manufacturing industries firstly decreases and then increases. Conversely, with an increase in conscious transnational knowledge spillover, the innovation quality of high-tech manufacturing industries firstly increases and then decreases. Impressively, absorptive capacity has a significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between transnational knowledge spillover and the innovation quality of high-tech industries in host countries.

Fundamentals of analytical assessment of the secondary sector of economy

Current trends in the socio-economic development of the world community have predetermined a close relationship between the parameters of the dynamics of national economies and their structural proportions. Changes in the quantitative proportions and the qualitative state of the world economy as a system determine the trend in the dynamics of the sectoral structure of the national economy. Despite the post-industrial nature of the development of countries with market economies, the source of their structural changes remains domestic economic growth, which is caused by the redistribution of capital and labor in high-tech manufacturing industries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to formulate a general scheme for the correct assessment of the secondary sector of the Ukrainian economy based on the possibility of using analytical generalizations. The object of research is the structure of the types of activities that form the secondary sector of the national economy. The dynamics of this sector is largely determined by price characteristics. Therefore, in the analysis of reproduction processes, structural proportions associated with different price elasticities are taken into account. Since the basis for the formation of the price of products is the cost of their production, and the quantitative proportions of the economy determine the setting of new strategic goals, the article traces the dynamics of the relationship of zones and states of balanced indicators that reflect the activities of an industrial group as one of the forms of business organization. Reduction of dynamics indicators to one base allows them to be compared at all levels of generalization of data and to track trends that more accurately reflect the real state of the secondary sector of the national economy.