High Level Of Safety Research Articles

DESIGN and be SMART: Eleven engineering challenges to achieve sustainable air transportation under safety assurance in the year 2050

DESIGN and be SMART: Eleven engineering challenges to achieve sustainable air transportation under safety assurance in the year 2050

Legal Analysis of Aviation Safety Regulations in the UAE and Oman

This study evaluates how the civil aviation laws and aviation processes of the UAE and Oman adhere to international standards. International standards, national legislation and civil aviation regulations are studied and compared critically. The authors also analyzed ICAO audits and emerging developments in the civil aviation sectors of the UAE and Oman. Both countries have created comprehensive civil aviation regulations and institutions that implement all SARPs to achieve high aviation safety standards. The UAE has been able to maintain exceptionally high levels of air safety ever since it established its Civil Aviation Authority under Federal Law No. 20 of 1991. Improvements in Oman’s regulatory framework and modifications to its institutional setup have enabled it to intensify its oversight and ensure the highest levels of aviation safety success. Strong rules and adherence to ICAO standards play essential roles in ensuring the highest levels of aviation safety. Innovative regulations and the proper organization of regulatory bodies have significantly contributed to improving aviation safety in developing countries. The sustainable provision of high aviation safety standards can only be achieved through the consistent revision of laws and the strict implementation of regulations.

Patterns of Children’s Perception of Safety across Diverse Contexts and their Subjective Well-Being

Abstract This study explores patterns in children’s safety perceptions across various contexts, including home, school, neighborhood, and country, and examines how these patterns relate to their subjective well-being (SWB). Using data of 10- and 12-year-old children from the third wave of the International Survey of Children’s Well-Being (ISCWeB), we first conducted a latent profile analysis to classify children based on their safety perceptions across these contexts. Three latent profiles of safety perceptions emerged consistently across each age group, and the proportion of children in each profile varied across countries. Multinomial hierarchical modeling was conducted to assess how individual and county-level factors are associated with a child’s likelihood of belonging to each profile. The variance explained by the models suggested significant contributions of country-level variables, such as under-five mortality rates, to the latent profiles of safety perceptions among children. Significant differences in SWB were observed across the profiles. Children in the high-level safety group reported the highest satisfaction with their safety and the highest levels of SWB, whereas children in the low-level safety group reported the lowest satisfaction with safety and SWB. Mediation analysis confirmed that satisfaction with safety partially mediates the relationship between group membership and SWB. The findings highlight the significant impact of children’s safety perceptions in different environments on their overall well-being. This underscores the importance of societal efforts to enhance children’s perceptions of safety, particularly within the home, on a global scale.

Patient safety competency and it associated with teamwork and psychological safety among emergency nurses in Iran

Patient safety competence, teamwork, and psychological safety are fundamental components in emergency patient care, as these elements can affect the quality of nursing care and patient safety. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the level of patient safety competence and explore its correlations with teamwork and psychological safety among emergency department nurses in Iran. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted using stratified sampling proportional to the research community, involving 472 nurses from public hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2023. Data were collected using questionnaires on patient safety, teamwork, and psychological safety and analyzed with independent the Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation, and linear regression analysis in SPSS-26 at a significance level of 0.05. Patient safety competence and teamwork among nurses were at a high level, while their psychological safety was at a moderate level. There was a significant inverse relationship between nurses’ age and patient safety competence (p = 0.04). Patient safety competence varied significantly among nurses from different hospitals (p < 0.001). A direct and significant relationship existed between teamwork and psychological safety with patient safety competence, as well as between teamwork and psychological safety among nurses (p < 0.001). A multiple linear regression with teamwork, psychological safety, work experience and hospital type as independent variables explained 43.1% of the variance in patient safety competency (R2 = 0.431). Regression analysis revealed that teamwork (B = 0.169, 95% CI 0.139, 0.199, p < 0.001) and psychological safety (B = 0.252, 95% CI 0.205, 0.299, p < 0.001) were significant positive predictors for patient safety competency. Patient safety competency in teaching hospitals was more than not-teaching hospitals (B = 0.773, 95% CI 0.052, 1.494, p = 0.036). Work experience did not have a significant association with patient safety competency (p = 0.294). The model explained 43.1% of the variance in patient safety competency (R2 = 0.431). While nurses demonstrated high levels of patient safety and teamwork competence, their psychological safety was moderate, indicating the need to create a supportive work environment. So, increased teamwork and psychological safety can influence patient safety competence.

Safety assessment of electromagnetic fields of different transmitters and receivers for EVs static charging

This study aims to assess the safety aspect of future inductive charging stations by investigating the electromagnetic fields performance of various pad architectures. Following the recommendations of the standard {Society of Automotive Engineering (SAE J2954)}, which suggests two common pad kinds for the inductive power transfer (IPT) system (circular pad (CP) and double-D pad (DDP). The safety analysis is performed on the car side using these two types of pad architectures, with ground clearance compliant with Z3-class requirements and a power transfer of 11.1 kVA. In one scenario, a DD pad serves as the universal ground side pad (transmitter), while in the other scenario, a Circular pad is utilized. Safety assessments are performed using four models constructed based on 3D finite-element models (FEMs) and resonant networks. Circuit models are employed to establish the frequency of operation and resonant network components necessary to attain the rated transmitted power with maximum efficiency (η). Electric fields (E) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) were calculated under ideal alignment conditions as well as in various cases of misalignment, including angular and lateral misalignments. The results demonstrate that the two distinct car side pads (CP and DDP) can function with the universal transmitter regardless of whether a CP or DDP is utilized, and that both types of car side pads (receivers) can achieve a high level of safety. Meanwhile, electric and electromagnetic fields stay within the bounds allowed by the 1998 and 2010 versions of the ICNIRP guidelines.

Development of a Prototype of Industrial Installation for the Deposition of Self-Restoring Nitride Coatings on Reed Switch Contacts

A prototype of an industrial installation for the deposition of self-restoring nitride coatings on the surface of reed switch contacts using electro-spark erosion alloying was developed, manufactured, and tested under the laboratory conditions at LLC Nitron. It was shown that the coatings are formed inside a bulb of reed switches at the final stage of their production following the impact from the spark breakdown between the contacts, stimulated via alternating magnetic and electric fields. The nitrogen concentration in the surface layers of the nitride coatings, estimated by means of X-ray microanalysis, was ca. 19 at. % and their thickness, measured by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry via sputter depth profiling, ranged between 250 and 350 nm. The novelty of the presented work consists of the development of an innovative piece of equipment, the operating principle and design of which are protected by intellectual property rights (four Russian patents). The technological approach implemented in this installation differs from the industrial galvanic technology due to its high level of environmental safety and economic efficiency, since it does not require the use of gold, ruthenium, or other high-priced metals.

Repurposing FDA-approved drugs and natural compounds to inhibit the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain of dengue virus 2 or dengue virus 3

The dengue virus, a member of the arbovirus family, can cause a variety of clinical symptoms. However, there are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs are currently available for its treatment. We have used RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to identify drug candidates against dengue virus 2 or dengue virus 3. The Smina molecular docking program was used to screen natural compounds and FDA-approved drugs. This study used the pkCSM web server for pharmacokinetic profiling, OSIRIS Data Warrior for physicochemical property assessment, Data Warrior software for cytotoxicity profiling, and molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate the stability of ligand–RdRp interactions. Specifically, the drugs and compounds with the highest negative binding energy and most hydrogen bonds are chlorthalidone, valdecoxib, and ZINC14824819, which interact with the RdRp domain of dengue virus 2, and empagliflozin, netarsudil, and ZINC13375652, which interact with the RdRp domain of dengue virus 3. We propose several FDA-approved drugs and natural compounds that can bind to the RdRp of dengue virus serotypes 2 and 3 and prevent the virus from infecting cells. These compounds show a high level of safety and strong skin and intestinal absorption. Further in vitro and in vivo testing is needed to verify these predictions and assess therapeutic potential.

DPT vaccine evolution: Formulation differences, standardisation issues, and development prospects

INTRODUCTION. Currently, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DTP) vaccines are available in tetra-, penta-, and hexavalent combinations with inactivated poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae, and hepatitis B components. Despite the widespread introduction of DTP vaccines in national vaccination programmes, concerns remain about the immunogenicity and safety of the pertussis component, the standardisation of vaccine production and quality control methods, and the inclusion of DTP vaccines in national routine vaccination schedules.AIM. This study aimed to provide an updated overview of DTP-based combined vaccines and analyse the current challenges associated with their use and quality improvement.DISCUSSION. DTP vaccines hold a central place in national routine vaccination schedules. The development of numerous safe and effective DTP vaccines has contributed to the formulation of DTP-based combined vaccines that include additional components and are suitable for infants. The addition of inactivated components against poliomyelitis, H. influenzae, and hepatitis B has facilitated the introduction of DTP-based combined vaccines into the recommended vaccination programmes and has reduced the number of injections received by a child. However, DTP-based combined vaccines from different manufacturers differ in the composition and quantity of antigens and in quality control methods. The key differences in the composition of these vaccines are due to the inclusion of either whole-cell or acellular pertussis. The current global rise in the incidence of pertussis is associated with the widespread use of acellular vaccines, which do not induce long-term immunity. This review considers the mutual influence of antigens in relation to vaccine efficacy and safety and addresses the standardisation issues associated with antigen production and quality control. The article analyses data on various DTP-based combined vaccines and the quantity of antigens in them. The review discusses promising areas for further improvement of the quality and effectiveness of DTP-based combined vaccines.CONCLUSIONS. Addressing unresolved standardisation issues in the production and quality control of DTP-based combined vaccines, which (along with country-specific licensing requirements) limit the international exchange of vaccines, can facilitate international recognition and ensure a high level of potency and safety of DTP-based combined vaccines.

Efficacy and safety of astragalus polysaccharides in patients with malignant tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Current evidence suggests that Astragalus membranaceus is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines for cancer treatment, with its primary component, Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), demonstrating immunomodulatory effects. However, the reliability of the available evidence remains elusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis of studies intended to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of APS supplementation in malignant tumor patients. We searched eight databases for articles published from January 2010 to August 2024. Uilizing the ROB2 tool for bias risk. Meta-analysis of the objective response rate (ORR), immune function, and adverse reactions was performed using Stata 15.1 software. This study is registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021272595). A total of 31 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2,648 participants were incorporated. The meta-analysis results unraveled that the treatment group outperformed the control group in terms of treatment efficacy [RR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.21, 1.39), P < 0.01], CD3 + T cell count [MD = 8.79, 95% CI (6.15, 11.43), P < 0.01], CD4 + T cell count [MD = 7.94, 95% CI (5.27, 10.61), P < 0.01], and the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio [MD = 0.40, 95% CI (0.28, 0.52), P < 0.01]. No substantial distinctions were noted between the two groups in terms of CD8 + T cell count [MD = -1.74, 95% CI (-4.66, 1.17), P = 0.242]. Regarding adverse reactions, the incidence of symptoms such as hand-foot numbness and weakness was low, indicating a high safety profile. Supplementation with APS can improve treatment outcomes, enhance immune function, and demonstrate a high level of safety in malignant tumor patients, making it a promising option for clinical use. However, given the variety of cancer types included in the studies, future research should focus on specific cancer types.

Prevalence and characteristics of adverse reactions in dogs donating blood.

This article aims to analyse the safety of canine blood donation by describing the frequency and causes of any adverse reactions in donors. In this prospective study, any blood donor adverse reactions detected by the clinical staff during and immediately after donation were recorded. The owners of the dogs were also surveyed by a veterinary practitioner or veterinary nurse 3 days after donation, using a predefined questionnaire to assess for any clinical or behavioural changes. Data were collected between December 2020 and December 2021 from blood donors enrolled in an animal blood bank programme. From the 4439 blood donations, 37 (0.83%) adverse post-donation reactions were reported, with no other reactions identified in the remaining 4402 donations (99.17%). Of the total of donations in the studied period, 0.63% (n = 28) of canine donors developed a haematoma in the puncture area, 0.11% (n = 5) developed mild bleeding at the puncture site during the monitoring period, 0.045% (n = 2) developed a skin rash after clipping for donation, and 0.045% (n = 2) developed acute weakness, pallor, tachycardia and tachypnoea during the 30 minutes monitoring period, consistent with hypotension. In both cases showing acute signs of weakness, pallor, tachycardia and tachypnoea, all parameters stabilised and resolved within 10 to 15 minutes upon administration of a 10 mL/kg bolus over 10 minutes of intravenous NaCl. No other delayed reactions were reported by the owners other than the acute reactions already registered by the donation staff. The low incidence of post-donation reactions in this study is encouraging, suggesting that a high level of safety can be achieved in a structured canine blood donation programme.

Recent developments on pantograph-overhead line interaction

Railway transport plays a critical role in the socio-economic development of modern societies, breaking down barriers of distance and travel time, with recognised high levels of safety and comfort, and low carbon emissions. One crucial element for the reliable operation of electric-powered trains concerns the energy collection system and the ability to supply a proper and uninterrupted source of electricity to the train, maintaining the required operational speeds with no losses of service. This paper presents a state-of-the-art on pantograph-overhead line interaction, including modelling methodologies, hybrid simulations, testing, wear and degradation mechanisms, aerodynamics and emerging trends in this area of knowledge.

Scleral Buckling for Retinal Detachment Recurrence after Previously Performed Vitreoretinal Surgery in Patients with Advanced Stage of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Purpose: to study the effectiveness of scleral buckling in recurrent retinal detachment after previously performed vitreoretinal surgery in patients with advanced stage PDR.Patients and methods. The results of treatment of 30 patients with recurrent retinal detachment after previously performed vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed. Depending on the initial localization of fibrovascular tissue and tractional retinal detachment, patients were divided into 2 groups of 15 cases each: group 1 — localization in the lower quadrants, group 2 — localization in the upper quadrants. In group 1, the average age was 44.2 ± 1.8 years, the gender distribution was as follows: 10 women and 5 men, according to the type of diabetes mellitus: type 1 diabetes — 86.6 %, type 2 diabetes — 13,3 %. In group 2, the average age was 65.8 ± 1.2 years, there were 6 men, 9 women, type 1 diabetes — 20 % of cases, type 2 diabetes — 80 % of cases. The observation period ranged from 14 months to 18 months. After detection of recurrent retinal detachment, all patients were treated with buckling within 3 weeks from the moment of relapse using local anesthesia and intravenous sedation. In all cases, a buckle made of fine-pored silicone with a diameter of 5 mm of the required length was used. Normalization of intraocular pressure was performed by dosed drainage of silicone oil into the vitreal chamber.Results. In all cases after scleral buckling retina is attach. 6 months after the buckling, silicone oil was removed from the vitreous cavity. With a follow-up period of 3 months after removal of silicone oil, a recurrence of retinal detachment was detected in 2 cases in group 1. Long-term functional results in both groups from 14 to 18 months after completion of treatment demonstrated a significant increase in BCVA.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that proposed method of surgical treatment for recurrent retinal detachment after previously performed vitreoretinal surgery in patients with advanced stage PDR, provides a high level of safety and clinical effectiveness, which is confirmed by the high probability of retinal reattachment (above 93 %), low recurrence rate of retinal detachment, as well as positive dynamics of BCVA at the end of treatment.

The use of foreign experience as a condition for improving the administrative and legal provision of public control over compliance with legislation in transport

The scientific article is devoted to determining the directions of using foreign experience to improve the administrative and legal support of public control over compliance with transport legislation in Ukraine. The paper analyzes foreign experience in applying public control measures over compliance with transport legislation, such as the USA, Germany, Sweden and Japan, and also identifies possible directions of its use in Ukraine. It is found that the USA has one of the most developed systems of control over transport safety, which includes various federal and state agencies. The emphasis is on the measures of control over compliance with transport legislation in the USA. The principles of public control systems over compliance with transport legislation in the EU are determined: a single transport space, the principle of mutual recognition, cooperation of national authorities; the important role of the public. It is concluded that public control systems over compliance with transport legislation in different EU countries may have their own characteristics, related to national legislation and traditions. However, all of them are based on common European principles and are aimed at ensuring a high level of safety and quality of transport services. It is noted that Germany is distinguished by a high level of organization of the transport system and strict compliance with traffic rules, and Sweden uses innovative approaches to transport traffic management and safety, such as intelligent transport systems. Attention is focused on the fact that Japan sets benchmarks for global transport strategies, in particular the introduction of the concept of multimedia transport. It is concluded that effective public control over compliance with transport legislation is a complex process that requires a comprehensive approach. The content of the National Transport Strategy of Ukraine is analyzed. It is proposed to simplify and unify the regulatory framework of Ukraine in the field of transport, bringing it closer to the parameters of the European Union. The need to increase the size of sanctions for violations of transport legislation and strengthen the responsibility of carriers, which is one of the tools of effective transport control. Attention was drawn to the fact that public control over transport in Ukraine requires proper development, as well as the introduction of modern, cutting-edge technologies when monitoring compliance with transport legislation in Ukraine.

Comparison of Open Abdominal and Laparoscopic Bilateral Uterosacral Ligament Replacement: A One-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse significantly affects women's health, often requiring surgery. Unilateral sacrocolpopexy (SCP) is the gold standard for apical prolapse repair. However, varied SCP techniques can lead to inconsistencies in clinical outcomes, with differences in synthetic materials, mesh dimensions, placement, and apical tensioning. This variability may impact the comparability of clinical outcomes. Bilateral apical fixation has gained attention for its potential to provide effective apical support and restore anatomical integrity. Objective: To date there are not many studies on bilateral apical cervicosacropexy between the vaginal apex and the sacrum at the level of S1/promontory with one-year follow-up. Methods: This study presents a one-year follow-up comparing the clinical outcomes of open abdominal (CESA) and laparoscopic cervicosacropexy (laCESA) for bilateral apical suspension in women with pelvic floor disorders. A total of 145 women underwent either CESA (n = 75) or laCESA (n = 70) using a surgical technique with a designed polyvinylidene-fluoride (PVDF) mesh of defined shape replacing both uterosacral ligaments. Outcomes were efficacy, safety, and success rates of both surgical approaches in restoring apical vaginal support and pelvic floor functioning. Results: Both techniques demonstrated high efficacy of apical prolapse repair and a high level of safety. While comparable rates of urinary continence restoration were achieved, laCESA showed significant advantages in terms of operative time, hospital stay, and recovery time. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the reproducibility of a surgical technique including clinical outcomes in the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction. The standardization of mesh design and surgical methodology enhances reproducibility and may mitigate some of the variability associated with clinical outcomes in apical mesh fixation techniques.

Perioperative Communication Between Nurse Anesthetists and Patients: A 30-Year Experience From Sweden.

Introduction Nurse anesthetists (NAs) rely on various tools to perform their daily tasks effectively, with communication being one of the most essential during the perioperative phase.The study aimed to explore NAs' experiences with the perioperative dialogue with patients and how this dialogue has evolved over the past 30 years. Materials and methods The study employed a qualitative design, with data gathered through three group interviews focusing on NAs' experiences. Interpretive content analysis, following the approach of Graneheim and Lundman, was used. Initially, 27 NAs were recruited, and 18 (three men and 15 women) participated in the interviews. Their ages ranged from 33 to 72 years, with work experience spanning 17 to 42 years. Results The text analysis identified three categories: advantages of perioperative dialogue, disadvantages of its absence, and suggestions for improvement. Key challenges included maintaining continuity of care, ensuring a high level of patient and NA safety, reducing care-related complications, minimising patient socialisation, providing incomplete care, and increasing stress for both NAs and patients. The NAs also offered several suggestions for improvement. Conclusion Perioperative meetings should be better structured to improve communication and assess outcomes. Enhancing patient involvement, developing NAs' skills, and providing clearer information in multiple languages could improve satisfaction and safety. Further research is needed to establish the dialogue's role as a guiding principle for staff and patients.

Efficacy Evaluation of Selenium-enriched Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Colon Tumor Mice.

Selenium (Se)-enriched probiotics possess a variety of beneficial properties and are widely used in specialty foods and biomedical applications. Akkermansia muciniphila (AM) is being considered a promising candidate for the "next generation probiotics (NGPs)," which play an essential role in the field of tumor therapy. However, there are no studies on the efficacy of Se-enriched A. muciniphila (Se-AM) in the field of tumor therapy. The present study utilized inorganic Se bio-enrichment for the preparation of Se-AM. To evaluate the killing effect of Se-AM on CT26 cells, the actual efficacy and safety of Se-AM were investigated in a mouse model of colon cancer. The results showed that the Se-AM-cell lysate was able to significantly kill CT26 cells, but this killing effect was progressively weakened with decreasing concentrations of Se-AM-cell lysate. The results of animal experiments showed that Se-AM was able to safely and effectively curb the disease course of mice with colon tumors, reduce the tumor volume, lower the levels of IL-1β and IL-6, and increase the levels of TNF-α in the colon of mice. Furthermore, treatment with Se-AM in mice led to a restoration of gut microbiota diversity, reaching levels similar to those observed in healthy controls. This restoration was accompanied by a significant enrichment of beneficial genera, such as Turicibacter, Butyricimonas, Prevotella, and Akkermansia. In summary, Se-AM prepared in this study was able to produce effective killing of CT26 cells directly and played a substantial therapeutic role in a mouse model of colon tumors constructed from CT26 cells. Se-AM had no adverse effect on the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidney of mice and demonstrated a high level of safety. Meanwhile, Se-AM significantly raised the level of the Shannon index and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes of the gut microbiota in mice, indicating its ability to regulate the homeostasis of the microbiota. These results imply that Se-AM has great application value in the field of colon cancer treatment.

Efficacy and safety of mechanical transvenous lead extraction: median follow-up analysis and development of an experimental model for predicting survival post-extraction

BackgroundCardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation is on the rise, accompanied by an increase in its inevitable complications such as different types of CIED infections that require further therapy and potential device extraction. Ensuring efficacy and safety remains paramount in transvenous lead extraction (TLE), given the complex nature of the procedure. The purpose of this study is to assess the outcomes of relatively low-cost mechanical TLE, including mid-term clinical follow-up, and to develop a predictive model for post-TLE survival. This study included all consecutive patients admitted for TLE at two tertiary medical centers between 2016 and 2021. Baseline characteristics, TLE procedure details complications occurring during and/or after the procedure and follow-up outcomes were collected.ResultsDuring the 5-year period, 100 consecutive patients underwent TLE. The mean age of the subjects was 61 ± 3 years. The average time from lead implantation to TLE was 69.34 ± 9.36 months, with a total of 216 leads extracted. The most common indication for TLE was infection observed in 87% of subjects with pocket infection seen in the majority (84%). Complete clinical success was achieved in 98% of patients, with major complications occurred in 5% of cases and only one case of peri-procedural death. Proposed experimental model showed that near 50% of the patients will live less than 73.29 months.ConclusionTLE demonstrated a high level of safety with low mortality and morbidity rates. Using low cost widely available mechanical tools is useful for treating CIED-related infections.

Analysis of clinical efficacy of sacral magnetic stimulation for the treatment of detrusor underactivity.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of sacral magnetic stimulation (SMS) in the management of detrusor underactivity (DU). We retrospectively analyzed 66 patients with detrusor underactivity treated at Hangzhou Third People's Hospital from January 2020 to October 2024, divided into two groups (33 cases each). Both groups had confirmed detrusor underactivity via urodynamic studies. The control group received conventional treatment (medication, catheterization, bladder training), while the observation group received SMS therapy. Urination diaries, urodynamic parameters and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were collected before and after the 4-week treatment to evaluate SMS efficacy and safety. All patients in the observation group completed the course of sacral magnetic stimulation without experiencing any serious complications. After treatment, the observation group showed a significant reduction in the number of daily urinations, nocturnal urinations, SAS score and residual urine volume (RUV) (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) (p > 0.05). However, improvements were observed in SAS score, Detrusor Pressure at Maximum Flow (Pdet), Bladder Contractility Index (BCI), Maximum urinary Flow Rate (Qmax) and Average Urinary Flow Rate (Qavg) (p < 0.05). The effective rate in the observation group was 78.78%, significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Although there was a slight decrease in the effective rate during the 6-month follow-up, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, sacral magnetic stimulation therapy has demonstrated effectiveness in improving urinary function in patients with detrusor underactivity while maintaining a high level of safety.

Strategi Pengelolaan Risiko dalam Bongkar Muat Curah di PT. Gelora Perkasa Belawan

The dry bulk loading and unloading process at the port presents various challenges and significant risks, ranging from work safety to operational efficiency. This study aims to identify, analyze, and formulate risk management strategies in dry bulk loading and unloading activities to minimize potential losses and improve port operational performance. The methods used in this study include a qualitative approach through interviews and risk analysis as well as library studies. The results of the study indicate that the main risks in dry bulk loading and unloading include dust hazards, equipment damage, and worker safety risks. The proposed mitigation strategy involves improving the security system, regular safety training, and routine maintenance of loading and unloading equipment. It is expected that with this risk management strategy, the port can optimize the dry bulk loading and unloading process with a higher level of safety and more efficient operational costs.

From traditional robotic deployments towards assisted robotic deployments in nuclear decommissioning.

The history around teleoperation and deployment of robotic systems in constrained and dangerous environments such as nuclear is a long and successful one. From the 1940s, robotic manipulators have been used to manipulate dangerous substances and enable work in environments either too dangerous or impossible to be operated by human operators. Through the decades, technical and scientific advances have improved the capabilities of these devices, whilst allowing for more tasks to be performed. In the case of nuclear decommissioning, using such devices for remote inspection and remote handling has become the only solution to work and survey some areas. Such applications deal with challenging environments due to space constrains, lack of up-to-date structural knowledge of the environment and poor visibility, requiring much training and planning to succeed. There is a growing need to speed these deployment processes and to increase the number of decommissioning activities whilst maintaining high levels of safety and performance. Considering the large number of research and innovation being done around improving robotic capabilities, numerous potential benefits could be made by translating them to the nuclear decommissioning use cases. We believe such innovations, in particular improved feedback mechanisms from the environment during training and deployments (i.e., Haptic Digital Twins) and higher modes of assisted or supervised control (i.e., Semi-autonomous operation) can play a large role. We list some of the best practices currently being followed in the industry around teleoperation and robotic deployments and the potential benefits of implementing the aforementioned innovations.