HPTLC Research Articles

Comparative Study by HPTLC of Selected Capparis spinosa Samples (Buds and Leaves) from the Cycladic Islands in Greece.

Capparis spinosa is an edible plant with a long history in the Mediterranean region since antiquity. Its flower buds and leaves are mostly consumed salted or fermented (in vinegar) and are rarely eaten raw or dried. For the first time, caper samples subjected to different preservation processes (dried, salted, and desalted) were studied, foraged from the most producing Cycladic islands in Greece (Sifnos, Serifos, and Tinos). The quantitative determination of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin was carried out using high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), revealing the abundance of rutin in the buds and leaves (9.26-76.85 mg/g dry extract). Only one sample of desalted buds from Serifos showed a sufficient amount of quercetin (2.88 mg/g dry extract). The determination of total phenolic content (TPC) showed a decrease during brine (salted) preservation (11.7-37.7 mg GAE/g extract) compared to air-dried samples (50.9-62.4 mg GAE/g extract). The DPPH evaluation (8.0-35.2% inhibition at 200 μg/mL) was in agreement with the TPC results. All extracts showed stronger activity against Gram positive bacteria and the human pathogenic fungi C. glabrata. The samples from Sifnos exerted better bioactivities, with air-drying being the most effective preservation process in terms of antioxidant properties and phenolic content, although it resulted in a more bitter taste. Due to its high economic value, the caper holds great potential for further exploitation through better established and optimized processes in the food industry.

Antibacterial compounds of Cymbopogon nardus essential oil exposed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography–direct bioautography

Abstract Essential oil of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) was screened for antibacterial compounds by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with direct bioautography using soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis, marine bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, and plant pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria. The parallel derivatization using HPTLC–anisaldehyde reagent also revealed the bioactive compounds separated with n-hexane–isopropyl acetate (9:1, v/v), which were analyzed by offline solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–electron ionization-MS (SPME–GC–EI-MS) after scraping off and elution. The compounds responsible for the antibacterial effect were identified as citronellal, geranial, neral, geraniol, α-cadinol, and elemol. These compounds inhibited all studied bacterial strains except elemol that demonstrated activity only against B. subtilis and X. euvesicatoria.

Safinamide Mesylate: Analytical and Chromatographic Methodologies

Safinamide Mesylate (SAF) (S1), also known as (S)-2-(4-((3-Fluorobenzyl) oxy) benzyl) amino) propanamide methane sulfonate, is a recently developed medicine to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). Safinamide is a third-generation reversible MAO-B inhibitor, which also blocks sodium voltage-sensitive channels and modulates stimulated release of glutamate. Safinamide used to supplement levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's disease therapy during "off" episodes. According to the literature, there are many methods for the analysis of Safinamide Mesylate, so we gather all methods in one review. Safinamide was monitored using High Performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC), High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), and Bio analytical Method Development of Safinamide by UPLC-MS/MS, and RP-HPLC, Stability Indicating assay method for development and validation. The primary focus is on chromatographic methods, particularly High-Performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which remains the most preferred approach due to its robustness, accuracy and precision. Several key factors involved in method development, including column type, detection wavelength, and mobile phase compositions are discussed in details. Furthermore, critical validation parameters, such as linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), are examined in accordance with the guidelines set by the international council for harmonization (ICH) and other regulatory authorities.

EVALUATING AND QUANTIFYING THE BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL OF HYGROPHILA SPINOSA

Objectives: The quantification of Quercetin (QR) and Lupeol (LU) in the seed extract of Hygrophila spinosa has been accomplished using a highly efficient, rapid, and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method. Methods: This advanced technique employed a carefully optimized mobile phase consisting of toluene, ethyl acetate, methanol, and formic acid in a precise ratio of 5:4:2:0.5 (v/v/v/v) to meticulously elute the QR and LU markers from the extract on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates, measuring 10×10 cm. Detection was conducted at a wavelength of 236 nm, ensuring accurate identification of the compounds. Results: Results revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract of H. spinosa contains substantial quantities of QR and LU, quantified at 17.0 mg/100 g and 17.4 mg/100 g, respectively. The robustness of the method has been thoroughly validated, demonstrating exceptional linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity, as well as acceptable limits for both the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification. The calibration curve displayed remarkable linearity between 100 and 600 ng/band for both QR and LU, with a limit of quantitation of 4.97 ng/band for QR and 3.49 ng/band for LU, and LODs of 1.64 ng/band for QR and 1.15 ng/band for LU. Conclusion: This innovative method represents a significant advancement in the quantification of valuable bioactive compounds. It can be confidently applied to measure QR and LU levels in H. spinosa seed extracts and related formulations, thereby contributing to the advancement of research and applications in phytochemistry and natural product development.

Physicochemical Profile of Yucca filamentosa and a Comparative Chemical Profiling Study of its Mother Tinctures Prepared in and Outside India

Abstract Yucca filamentosa is primarily used in homeopathy for treating gastric ailments, supported by its saponin content. Despite being exotic to India with limited availability, its mother tincture is widely accessible in the country. Given these factors, assessing the quality of these medicines in India is crucial. Therefore, alongside pharmacopeial standardization, a comparative chemical profiling study was conducted on mother tinctures sourced from plants grown in India (OM), those produced in India (IM), and those manufactured abroad (AM).The pharmacopeial parameters of the raw drug, such as loss on drying, different ash values, extractive values in various solvents, and volatile oil content, were measured. Additionally, phytochemical screening of the raw drug in different extractive solvents was performed. Subsequently, the physicochemical parameters including organoleptic characteristics, sediments, total solids, and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra of OM, IM, and AM were compared. Further comparative phytochemical screening and qualitative high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis were conducted.The pharmacopeial data for the raw drug were reported for the first time. The comparative study on the mother tinctures OM, IM, and AM revealed significant chemical differences.The comparison of the three mother tinctures (OM, IM, and AM) highlighted substantial chemical variations, underscoring the need for more rigorous chemical and biological evaluations.

Use of Carapa guianensis Aubl. agro-industrial waste as an alternative for obtaining bioproducts

Use of Carapa guianensis Aubl. agro-industrial waste as an alternative for obtaining bioproducts

From crime scene to laboratory: A case study of a comprehensive investigation into an IBX-induced explosion.

An explosion in an industrial filtering unit, resulting in a fatality, triggered a comprehensive forensic investigation. Sixteen pieces of evidentiary materials were collected from the scene of occurrence. The chemical residue at the explosion's origin was identified as 2-IodoxyBenzoic Acid (IBX) using NMR spectroscopy. IBX's shock-sensitive explosive nature became the focal point of the investigation. A comparative analysis, using the confirmed IBX as a reference standard, was conducted to detect its presence in other collected evidentiary materials. As no established methods for IBX analysis were available, novel high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques were developed and validated. The optimized HPTLC method, using a 9:1 ethyl acetate and methanol solvent system and UV visualization at 254 nm, provided reliable Rf values for IBX identification. This was further supported by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the characteristic absorption patterns of IBX. The investigation successfully linked several evidence items to the explosion through the detection of IBX. This case underscores the complementary role of crime scene investigation and chemical analysis, where meticulous fieldwork combined with innovative laboratory techniques led to the resolution of the case. Furthermore, the development of a validated HPTLC method for IBX provides a valuable tool for future forensic investigations, enhancing the forensic community's capability to address similar incidents.

Biological and molecular studies of phytoconstituents from Hordeum vulgare L. leaves: potential treatment for prostate (DU-145) and skin cancer (B16-F10) cell line

Barley, scientifically known as Hordeum vulgare (H. vulgare), is a versatile cereal grain that belongs to the family Poaceae. Barley has exhibited several pharmacological activities, including anti-diuretic, anti-malarial, anti-rheumatic, anti-dysentery, anti-diarrhoea, and in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic properties of leaves of H. vulgare. Eight extracts were prepared by the Soxhlation and maceration method by using solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, hydro-alcohol, and water. The antioxidant activity of H. vulgare leaves was analysed through the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, while the anti-inflammatory activity was assessed through protein denaturation, anti-protease, and anti-lipoxygenase assays. Extracts prepared from the Soxhlation method showed maximum antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity so they were further screened for cytotoxicity against skin and prostate cancer cell lines. Chloroform extract of leaves of H. vulgare prepared by the Soxhlation method (HSC) showed prominent cytotoxicity against skin cancer compared to prostate cancer. To identify the phytoconstituents present in the HSC extract, an analysis was conducted using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. The analysis revealed the presence of 16 different compounds in the HSC extract. Subsequently, all 16 compounds underwent in silico modelling to further investigate their cytotoxic properties against skin cancer. Notably, octadecenoic acid emerged as the most prominent compound in terms of its efficacy against skin cancer by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Molecular docking simulation studies were carried out followed by dynamic simulation to confirm their thermodynamic stability. The simulation results revealed a strong binding affinity of octadecenoic acid against MAPK which concludes that octadecenoic acid is a potential inhibitor of MAP kinase activity and is used in the treatment of skin cancer.

High-performance thin-layer chromatography now in France—recent developments of the Club de CCM and perspectives

High-performance thin-layer chromatography now in France—recent developments of the Club de CCM and perspectives

Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of Rtanj's Hypericum perforatum Infusion Tea and Methanolic Extracts: Insights from LC-MS/MS and HPTLC-Bioautography.

This study aimed to examine wild-growing Hypericum perforatum L. tea (Hyperici herba) collected from Rtanj Mountain (Serbia). This research includes the following approaches: phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of H. perforatum infusion tea to determine its realistic composition (What do we consume when drinking the tea?), as well as a detailed examination of methanol(ic) extracts as the optimal extraction system. Due to the broad spectrum of both polar and nonpolar metabolites, 80% methanolic and pure methanol extracts were prepared for ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC Q-ToF) characterization through untargeted metabolomics analysis. Given the high diversity of compounds identified, the 80% methanolic extract was selected for further antioxidant examination and bioautographic characterization, including an antimicrobial activity assessment. UHPLC Q-ToF analysis identified 35 phenolics in the methanolic extract, compared to 25 metabolites in the infusion tea. The main differences were observed in flavonol/flavan-3-ol aglycones, xantones, and coumestans, which are more nonpolar compounds found only in the methanol(ic) system. Notably, specific H. perforatum metabolites were entirely absent in the infusion tea. Specifically, pseudohypericin, pseudoprotohypricin, and adhyperfirin were detected in the pure methanol extract, whereas hyperfirin was present in both methanol(ic) extracts. Additionally, eight furano-polycyclic polyprenylated acilphloroglucinols (FPPAPs) were identified in the methanol(ic) extracts as possible products of the thermal degradation and/or oxidation of hypericin/hyperforin. Both the infusion tea and methanolic extracts exhibited excellent antioxidant properties, with variations depending on the applied assay. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis also confirmed the presence of a wide spectrum of phytochemical classes. Bioautography confirmed a promising activity of methanolic extracts against both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Simultaneous quantification of 13 synthetic food dyes in dietary supplements and sports nutrition by high-performance thin-layer chromatography with densitometric detection

Simultaneous quantification of 13 synthetic food dyes in dietary supplements and sports nutrition by high-performance thin-layer chromatography with densitometric detection

Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Potential of Isolated Bioactive Fractions From Justicia Adhatoda Leaves: An In Vitro, In Vivo, and 3T3-L1 Cell Line Approach Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Coupled With Mass Spectrometry for Compound Identification.

This study was conducted to investigate the anti-obesity effects of bioactive fractions JAF2 and JAF3 from Justicia adhatoda (JA) in vitro using enzymatic assays, 3T3-L1 cells, and in vivo using a monosodium glutamate-high-fat diet (MSG-HFD) model. High-performance thin-layer chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPTLC-MS-MSn) was finally utilized to analyze bioactive fractions for the compounds responsible for the activity. In vitro, the anti-obesity effects of JAF2 and JAF3 were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, revealing that JAF2 significantly reduced lipid and triglyceride levels. In the in vivo MSG-HFD-induced obesity model, JAF2 improved hepatic profiles, countered oxidative stress, enhanced lipid profiles, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, the assessment revealed a significant reduction in adipose tissue content in the treated groups, keeping other organ profiles safe. As per future perspectives, these cocktail fractions can be used in the context of genetically predisposed obesity in modern days.

The impact of spontaneous fermentation on phenolic and antioxidant profiles of selected aromatic plant extracts

Abstract This study compares the effect of spontaneous fermentation of plant material as a sample pretreatment on the phenolic and antioxidant profiles in extracts by analyzing their high-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprints. Ethyl acetate extracts from fermented and nonfermented fig leaves, lemon myrtle leaves, olive leaves and olive flowers, rosemary leaves, common sage and white sage leaves were prepared. The chromatographic fingerprints of phenolic compounds were examined in ferric chloride chelating assay and antioxidants in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The most distinctive changes in fingerprints between fermented and nonfermented extracts are observed in the middle part of the chromatograms from R F = 0.2‒0.5, corresponding to the R F values of phenolic acids such as rosmarinic, caffeic, coumaric, and maslinic acids. Antioxidant activity was increased in all extracts except in lemon myrtle leaf extract. Lemon myrtle leaves contain the highest amount of citral (> 90%) of any plant known in the world. Citral, the primary compound responsible for lemon myrtle’s antioxidant activity, degrades in acidic environments during fermentation. The highest increase in the antioxidant activity was measured in rosemary leaf extract (by 3.5 times), fig leaf extract (by 3 times), and in the olive flower extract (by 2.5 times).

Simultaneous determination of triamterene and losartan mixture in spiked human plasma utilizing high-performance thin-layer chromatography with ultraviolet detection

Simultaneous determination of triamterene and losartan mixture in spiked human plasma utilizing high-performance thin-layer chromatography with ultraviolet detection

High performance thin layer chromatography with eluents containing SDS aided by UV- and Raman spectroscopy

The modification of non-polar silica gel plates by aqueous-organic solvent containing sodium dodecyl sulphate was investigated. The changes that occurred in the sorbent were examined using the Raman spectroscopy technique. The abovementioned technique was also involved in the investigation of carbamazepine-SDS complexes. The approach of applying the Raman spectroscopy into the investigation of the chromatographic behavior of SDS, carbamazepine and RP-18 W sorbent was presented for the first time. The effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS, concentration on the chosen drug used in neurodegenerative disorder (sulpiride, olanzapine, carbamazepine, trazodone, clomipramine, and pridinol) retention has been investigated. Such examination for these medicines has been presented for the first time for thin-layer chromatography system. Modified the mobile phase composition has resulted in the separation of the mixture containing all compounds. To confirm micellar forming, critical micelle concentration for SDS in the applied mobile phase was determined using two techniques, i.e., conductometric and spectrophotometric with azorubine as the indicator. The effect of surfactant on the solute zone shape by means of tailing and asymmetry factors has been determined. For four of the six investigated compounds, these factors have been close to 1.0. The separation efficiency measured by the height of the theoretical plate varies from 39 to 73 μm depending on the solute investigated. The method has been optimised regarding the quantitative analysis of investigated compounds, opening up new possibilities for drug analysis. In terms of the LOD values are in the range of 0.22 µg/spot to 1.67 µg/spot, whereas LOQ values are in the range of 0.66 µg/spot to 5.07 µg/spot for olanzapine and trazodone, respectively. Furthermore, the method was also applied for the quantitative analysis of the investigated compounds in pharmaceutical preparations. Such proceedings for RP-18 W TLC system containing SDS was shown for the first time. The new method has better or comparable concentration ranges regarding some of investigated compounds to those presented previously. Additionally, for the first time, a strategy involving various techniques (TLC chromatography supported by UV- and Raman spectroscopy and conductometry) for complex analysis of the separation system was presented, inspiring potential future research directions.

High-performance thin-layer chromatography for the detection of compositional changes in LACTEM emulsifiers during storage

Abstract Quality control of food emulsifiers, such as lactic acid esters of mono- and diacylglycerols (LACTEM), is crucial in the reproducible production of food products. The current study investigated compositional changes of LACTEM emulsifiers using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) during storage at 60 °C for 8 weeks. Ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence images of the HPTLC silica gel F254 s plates after primuline derivatization and densitometric data were analyzed to assess changes in the composition. Significant changes were observed for minor LACTEM components (< 10% relative intensity), specifically a decrease in higher-lactylated monoacylglycerols and an increase in triacylglycerols. Techno-functional properties, such as particle size distribution, apparent viscosity, overrun, foam firmness, drainage, and residual cream of aerosol whipping cream (0.8 g 100 g−1 LACTEM) were investigated. While emulsion stability was not affected, the foam firmness increased significantly, corresponding to a visibly more brittle foam. On the basis of these results, monitoring compositional changes in the food-manufacturing process is necessary to maintain constant food quality.

Qualitative analysis and exploration of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of a Thai traditional medicine formula from Wat Pho beyond its use for COVID-19 treatment

BackgroundYa-Kao (YK) is a traditional Thai medicine used to relieve fever and consists of 14 crude drugs. It has been recommended by Thai folk healers and the Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine for COVID-19 treatment, with clinical studies conducted to assess its efficacy. However, scientific evidence on its biological properties remains limited. This study aims to explore the quality aspect of YK and evaluate its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.MethodsThe quality aspect of the YK formula was assessed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Agar disc diffusion and TLC bioautography were used for antibacterial activity, while anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.ResultsThe HPTLC method, utilizing a developing system of toluene, ethyl acetate, and formic acid (70:30:1, v/v/v), was successfully developed for the authentication of YK crude drugs. This method provides the most distinct fingerprint pattern of the components within the YK formulation, enabling clear visualization of its constituent. Additionally, it enables preliminary identification of phenolics, terpenes, and steroids, providing valuable insight into the formulation’s chemical composition. The antibacterial activity of YK was evaluated using the disk diffusion assay, and it was found that the lime juice extract of the YK formula (LYK) exhibited the largest zone of inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, particularly those pathogenic to the respiratory tract. Additionally, the antibacterial activity was evaluated using TLC bioautography, and the results indicated that the methanolic extract of YK (MYK) exhibited an inhibition zone against Streptococcus pyogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae. It was found that several compounds displayed an inhibition zone. Furthermore, the YK extract with methanol, water, and lime juice exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing NO accumulation in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study is the first to standardize YK raw materials using HPTLC and evaluate the biological properties of each crude drug and the combined formula. The developed HPTLC method ensures accurate identification of YK raw materials, preventing the use of incorrect ingredients. Additionally, the pharmacological findings confirm YK’s anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, particularly against respiratory pathogens linked to COVID-19.

Phenolic Acid Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiacetylcholinesterase Potentials of Galeopsis spp. (Lamiaceae) from Romanian Flora.

Background/ObjectivesGaleopsis spp. (Lamiaceae) are widely distributed across extensive areas in Romania, being used mainly for their sedative, neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, astringent, and diuretic properties. The paper reports for the first time the investigation of the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and phenolic acid profile in the roots, aerial parts, and leaves from three wild-grown Galeopsis spp. (G. bifida Boenn., G. speciosa Mill., and G. tetrahit L.), along with their antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory potentials. Methods: The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet/mass spectrometry (HPLC/UV/MS) method was used for the identification and quantification of key phenolic acids. The spectrophotometric method was applied for the determination of TPC, TFC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities and also the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was employed for the assessment of in situ antioxidant (DPPH assay) and AChE inhibitory potentials. Results: Galeopsis spp. exhibit significant polyphenol accumulation. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant compound, with the highest levels detected in G. tetrahit leaves (22,347.907 ± 1117.395 μg/g), followed by G. tetrahit aerial parts (11,678.509 ± 583.925 μg/g) and G. speciosa leaves (8712.628 ± 435.631 μg/g). G. tetrahit leaves had the highest DDPH radical scavenging activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.458 ± 0.03 mg/mL, demonstrating a markedly stronger antioxidant effect. Leaves consistently showed the strongest DPPH activity across all species, with G. speciosa leaves also displaying a low IC50 value of 0.789 ± 0.03 mg/mL, comparable to G. tetrahit. Aerial parts exhibited an intermediate effect, with G. bifida aerial parts showing an IC50 of 8.102 ± 0.49 mg/mL, while G. tetrahit aerial parts demonstrated stronger activity at 1.511 ± 0.11 mg/mL. AChE inhibition activity increased progressively from the roots to aerial parts to leaves, with leaves consistently exhibiting the strongest inhibitory effects across all Galeopsis spp. G. tetrahit leaves had the strongest inhibition, with an IC50 of 4.002 ± 0.32 mg/mL, followed by G. speciosa leaves (6.92 ± 0.14 mg/mL) and G. bifida leaves (6.97 ± 0.68 mg/mL). Conclusions: Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenolic acid content, in vitro antioxidant activity, and neuroprotective potential of three Galeopsis spp. (G. bifida, G. speciosa, and G. tetrahit) from the southwestern Romanian flora.

Stability indicating HPTLC – densitometric method for estimation of vonoprazan fumarate

Objectives High performance thin layer chromatography method was developed and validated for analysis of vonoprazan fumarate. An Alkaline forced degradation kinetic study was performed to find out probable rate of degradation of vonoprazan fumarate. Material and methods Aluminum packed TLC plates precoated with silica gel 60 F 254 were used as stationary phase and Methanol: Toluene: triethylamine (6: 4: 0.1 v/v/v) was used as mobile phase. The detection was carried out at 267 nm wavelength as absorbance mode. HPTLC/MS analysis study was performed to detect alkaline degradant. Results A compact band (Rf value of 0.43 ± 0.1) was obtained for vonoprazan fumarate. Regression analysis shows a good linear relationship (R2 = 0.9996) between peak area and concentration in the range 200–1200 ng/band. The accuracy determined by standard addition method for vonoprazan fumarate and percentage recovery was found to be 99.72% − 101.74%. Forced degradation stability study was performed under different stress conditions including hydrolytic, oxidative, thermal and photolytic. Degradation was observed under alkaline condition and it was found to follow first order degradation kinetic. The possible structure of base degradants was also determined using HPTLC-MS analysis. The method was successfully applied for the estimation of drug in synthetic mixture. Conclusion A New, Simple, precise and accurate method has been developed and validated for the quantification of vonoprazan fumarate. Forced degradation studies were performed. The method can be used for quality control and stability sample evaluation of vonoprazan fumarate.

Identification and Quantification of Four Bioactive Markers in Sanjivani Vati Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography

Identification and Quantification of Four Bioactive Markers in Sanjivani Vati Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography