Heritage Renovation Research Articles

The Influence of Environmental Factors, Perception, and Participation on Industrial Heritage Tourism Satisfaction—A Study Based on Multiple Heritages in Shanghai

With the increasing public awareness and strength of industrial heritage protection, industrial heritage plays an increasingly important role in tourism after transformation and upgrading. The influence of built environment factors and visitors’ participation on satisfaction has been fully confirmed, but the primary and secondary relationships between the two variables remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between the built environment, tourist participation, and tourism satisfaction, and compare the actual loads of different routes to find the dominant variable. The data of this study came from three industrial heritage renovation projects in Shanghai with remarkable transformation results. Field investigations and questionnaire surveys were conducted on them, and a total of 362 valid samples were received. Descriptive statistical analysis and structural equation models were used to analyze the data. Two paths of “built environment–tourism satisfaction” and “tourist participation–tourism satisfaction” are compared and demonstrated. The path coefficient of the former is 0.63, while that of the latter is 0.77, and the influence of the latter is more significant than that of the former. The study creatively found the audience orientation of both sexes for different types of experience activities, confirmed the mediating effect of subjective perception, and provided the following suggestions for managers of built industrial cultural heritage. Interactive experiences and guided tours deepen visitors’ understanding of the historical and cultural value of industrial heritage. Virtual reality and augmented reality technologies can be introduced to provide an immersive visit experience and attract a wider audience to participate, effectively enhancing the attractiveness of and satisfaction with industrial heritage tourism.

Kengo Kuma’s renovation of Gaudí’s Casa Batlló: A non-western designerly approach to addressing built heritage

This paper emerges from a wider doctoral thesis on the influence and relationships between Antoni Gaudí’s buildings and current Chinese architecture. In light of understanding the connections between Eastern and Western designerly approaches to built heritage, we studied the specific case of the renovation of Casa Batlló in Barcelona by the Japanese architect Kengo Kuma. Starting from the general framework of built heritage renovation and transformation techniques and styles, we analysed the approach of this case as a replicable mindset and toolkit for addressing urban and architectural renewal. Kengo Kuma’s dissolution of materiality is key to his design approach This methodological case study delves into the potential of a complementary vision of the world where Eastern and Western design approaches retrofit each other. The research results are related to current global urban renewal, historic building protection, and renewal needs from a global design perspective.

New paradigms shift in buildings: experimental application of Digital Twin for safety and well-being

Abstract Enhancing durability and service life of buildings and components is pivotal for sustainable development. It constitutes an opportunity to reduce energy consumption, carbon emissions and life cycle impact of buildings in a climate neutral perspective. Issues strongly introduced and set as priorities by EU policies that highlight the urgent need to tackle them also through deeply heritage renovation and digital transformation in the building sector. Digitalization is a cornerstone of this transformation, instrumental in facilitating and enabling it sustainably. The Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) are directly associated with new technological potential and emerging technologies. Digital Twin (DT) approach appears alongside these. Its experimentation and widespread application are gaining prominence in innovating Life Cycle Management (LCM) and sustainability practices of buildings. In this scenario the paper explores the role and potentialities of DT approach presenting the experimental application of the DT4SEM. A digital infrastructure that, by integrating Internet of Things (IoT), synchronizes a physical building with its virtual counterpart. The two realities (physical and virtual) remain interconnected through the mutual exchange of data, both in real-time and asynchronously enabling proactive monitoring and analysis of seismic behaviour. The experimental setup involves simultaneously Big Data analytics, simulation tools and deploying sensors within the sample building. Data is then fed into the virtual DT model, allowing for continuous comparison and analysis to detect anomalies and predict potential risks. This approach facilitates enhanced decision-making, performance optimization and sustainability improvements across the building’s lifecycle: a new vision for built environment management that evolves from a process resulting in a sequence of operative phases into a complex digital infrastructure. The design of the DT4SEM and the current application for seismic monitoring in buildings, results from a collaborative effort involving the academic spinoff BIG srl, the startup Sysdev, the company Berna Engineering srl, and ACCA Software spa.

BIM IMPLEMENTATION FOR HERITAGE RENOVATION THROUGHOUT PROJECT LIFECYCLE: CURRENT USE, BENEFITS, AND BARRIERS

Introduction: Building Information Modeling (BIM) has garnered significant attention due to advancements in sophisticated technologies and methods. However, a comprehensive review of the existing literature indicates a lack of research exploring the application of BIM in managing the entire intervention design and renovation processes from a broader system perspective. The purpose of the study was to fill this gap by identifying and evaluating the current utilization, benefits, and barriers associated with implementing BIM in the lifecycle of renovation projects. The study methodology is based on conducting 31 structured interviews with experienced professionals who have employed BIM in their project deliveries. The results reveal that the primary benefits of BIM adoption, in descending order of importance, pertain to improved collective understanding of design intent, lower risk and better predictability of outcomes, better-designed and performing buildings, more accurate project documentation, and increased accuracy of the cost estimate. However, there are several prominent barriers: project budget, complexity of modeling historic structures, cost to hire BIM professionals, and the lack of BIM knowledge. The findings will advance BIM adoption for heritage renovation and enable project stakeholders to focus on realizing the benefits and potential uses of lifecycle BIM, while also addressing the critical challenges discussed in this study.

Unlocking Public Engagement in Reused Industrial Heritage: Weighting Point Evaluation Method for Cultural Expression

Industrial heritage has attracted much attention because of its significant historical and cultural values. Nowadays, the functional transformation of industrial heritage buildings, such as museums, parks, and so on, into public-space-oriented buildings has been taking place all over the world. The public users of these public realms become the main audiences of industrial culture. Architects transmit the industrial culture therein to public users by using the design language. However, differences in the public’s understanding of design from different backgrounds may affect the attractiveness of the project. The tension between industrial culture and public acceptance becomes a key issue in industrial heritage renovation. The proposal of the “weighting point evaluation method” is the aim of this study, which demonstrates the usability of this mathematical and statistical method for the assessment of the cultural expression aspect in the renovation of industrial heritage. Such a quantitative assessment method is used to find the strengths and weaknesses that exist in the project, thus providing a reference point for optimizing future development. The methodology was applied at the Dalian Industrial Culture Exhibition Hall to demonstrate its validity. The results of the methodology in practice identified four aspects of the experience of public users concerned with the case and, at the same time, identified the strengths and weaknesses of the project in terms of cultural expression, providing an important reference point for further optimization in the future. Moreover, it also demonstrates flexibility and generalizability in responding to different expressions in different projects due to the variability of the weighting judgements of the methodology.

Evaluating industrial heritage value using cloud theory and Dempster–Shafer theory

This study proposes a systematic approach to evaluate the value of industrial heritage under conditions of uncertainty. This approach primarily incorporates cloud theory and Dempster–Shafer theory (D–S theory), allowing managers to predict the direction of heritage renovation. Moreover, through this method, corresponding renovation measures and management methods can be formulated based on value levels and probabilities. The normal cloud distribution in cloud theory is more associated with people's judgment of things, while the subordinate cloud is employed to describe the basic probability distribution of factors at different value levels. The D–S theory has considerable advantages in terms of integrating information from multiple sources. This study uses the Shenyang Aircraft Factory as a case study to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of both theories. The results demonstrate that the combination of these two models can integrate knowledge and data, and the results of the value assessment model are in good agreement with the actual situation. In addition, this study provides a useful tool for dealing with uncertainty, randomness, and fuzziness in decision-making, making it easier for managers to develop appropriate building renovation plans.

The Engineering Practice of Industrial Heritage Renovation and Renewal from the Perspective of Open Architecture -- A Case Study of a Machine Tool Factory

The Engineering Practice of Industrial Heritage Renovation and Renewal from the Perspective of Open Architecture -- A Case Study of a Machine Tool Factory

“Art district without artists”: urban redevelopment through industrial heritage renovation and the gentrification of industrial neighborhoods in China

ABSTRACT China’s shift from a socialist to a market economy has resulted in deindustrialization and the emergence of industrial heritage. Despite extensive research on state-led (re)development, limited knowledge exists on the changing role of state work-units (SWUs). Based on the case of Dahua 1935, the research reveals how the top-down production of art districts reshapes traditional work-unit urbanism. It also offers new insights into the gentrification of industrial neighborhoods under the combined forces of the state, SWUs, and private developers. The research finds that the gentrification of industrial neighborhoods cannot be fully captured by either art/artist-led gentrification or state-led gentrification. The changing role of Dahua company from a social provider in pre-reform China to an entrepreneurial and predatory organization in post-reform China has contributed to the remarkable urban transformation. The tension between socialist legacies and capitalist modes of urban (re)development poses a challenge to sustainable industrial heritage-led redevelopment in China.

Multicriteria Model for Determining the Best and Low-Cost Methods of Industrial Heritage Transformation and Utilization under Fuzzy Inputs

The renovation and utilization of industrial heritage are important issues in the field of sustainable urban renewal. The renovation of industrial heritage is influenced by various factors such as the value of a heritage site, its location, the positioning of renovation, and the cost of renovation. Most existing studies focus on the concept of renovation and the establishment of heritage management techniques. However, a low cost in the context of urban sustainability has a greater impact on renovation. Therefore, this paper takes Beijing Xinhua 1949 Cultural and Creative Industrial Park as an example, incorporates the cost–benefit ratio into the plans for a low-cost construction, and proposes a method to evaluate the performance of holistic low-cost construction during the whole life cycle of industrial heritage renovation and utilization. This study uses the AHP method to create an evaluation index system and fuzzy TOPSIS(FTOPSIS) to rank the solutions so as to establish a comprehensive evaluation system to thus evaluate industrial heritage renovation projects that are difficult to fully quantify, with the aim to obtain performance evaluation conclusions. The results of this study suggest that the definition of a low-cost renovation should not be limited to a reduction in investment costs but should also pay equal attention to the cost–benefit ratio before and after renovation, and that functional and spatial sustainability is another feasible strategy for achieving the sustainable renovation of industrial heritage.

The Multidimensional Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Regeneration Projects: A Proposal for Integrating Level(s) Tool—The Case Study of Villa Vannucchi in San Giorgio a Cremano (Italy)

The challenges of sustainable development are mainly concentrated in the cities. Therefore, they represent a key place for implementing strategies and actions to achieve (or not achieve) sustainable development objectives. In this perspective, the circular city model represents a new way of organizing the city. As demonstrated by a variety of best practices, the entry points for triggering circular processes at the urban scale are various. In this paper, cultural heritage is presented as the entry point for the implementation of this new urban development model. The focus here is on the implementation tools, with a particular emphasis on the evaluation tools for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of this model, that is, the multidimensional benefits that it can produce. The Level(s) tool, proposed by the European Commission in 2017, is the only officially recognised assessment tool related to the circular economy at the European level. It aims to evaluate the performance of new buildings from a circular economy perspective. This paper intends to expand the field of action of the aforementioned tool to projects related to cultural heritage. Nevertheless, the Level(s) tool has some weaknesses in relation to values and attributes that need to be considered when dealing with cultural heritage. This paper proposes an evaluation framework for assessing cultural heritage renovation and reuse projects, considering all its values and the multidimensional impacts that they are able to produce (economic, social, environmental impacts) in the city. The starting point for the development of the proposed evaluation framework is the Level(s) tool by the European Commission. On the basis of critical considerations, this tool is integrated with criteria and indicators deduced from other previous studies and other official tools on this issue (Green Building Council and Heritage Impact Assessment tools). The evaluation framework is here tested to evaluate the renovation/reuse project of Villa Vannucchi, a historic building located in the city of San Giorgio a Cremano in the metropolitan city of Naples (Italy).

Integrating HBIM and Sustainability Certification: A Pilot Study Using GBC Historic Building Certification

ABSTRACT Refurbishing historic buildings to ensure accredited environmental sustainability is increasingly demanded within the AEC industry. GBC Historic Building Certification is a protocol for evaluating sustainable heritage renovation. The certification demands well-organized means, as establishing sustainability without endangering the heritage value implies immense complexity for information management. Building Information Modelling (BIM) offers an integrated approach for managing large amount of data, specifically for heritage as ‘Historic Building Information Modelling’ (HBIM). This study aims to integrate HBIM in GBC Historic Building Certification, giving attention to the first thematic area: ‘Historic Value’. The implementation process focuses on interoperability and data preservation, using the standard for open-data exchange (IFC). The proposal is based on systematic analysis of the GBC requirements. It includes BIM workflow and framework for the first prerequisite, designed to be extendable on the rest of the Certification. The main outcome is an IFC file, the legacy to be reused regardless of project status. The further results are made upstream, in the proprietary software (Autodesk Revit) with information on starting the project, and creating documentation for the first deliverable: “Historic Building identity card”. The process is demonstrated on a case study model — the segment of Paço dos Duques in Guimaraes, Portugal.

A multicriteria-optimization model for cultural heritage renovation projects and public-private partnerships in the hospitality industry

ABSTRACT The tourism and hospitality industry significantly impacts socio-economic development and cultural growth in developing countries. This study develops an integrated multicriteria decision-making and optimization model for partner selection in public-private partnership (PPP) projects in the hospitality industry. The proposed model uses a weighted influence non-linear gauge system to evaluate the partners. A multi-objective optimization model is then utilized to select a partner for each PPP project using a linear programming metric solution approach. A case study demonstrates the applicability of the proposed model in a PPP project in Iran to renovate and convert historic houses into hotels for the hospitality industry.

Adaptive Reuse of Manor Houses: Modernism and Tradition in Fernando Távora’s Approach for Heritage Renovation

This article seeks to analyze the methodology and principles underlying the intervention of the Portuguese architect and professor Fernando Távora (1923-2005) in the renovation of manor houses in the north of Portugal. Throughout his renowned professional career, Távora designed the refurbishment of numerous country houses, managing to adapt uses and spaces to the new requirements without undermining their strong identity in the landscape and their historical and architectural values. Thus, the study of his particular methodology can provide design guidelines to approach the adaptive reuse of this cultural legacy with respect for its heritage values, especially in rural areas undergoing a severe process of depopulation and agro-productive transformation. Three case studies have been selected in order to determine the evolution and consolidation of his practice: The Casa da Igreja in Mondim de Basto (1958-1961), the Casa da Covilhã (1963-1988) and the Casa da Breia (1984-1985). These renovation projects reveal careful analysis of the preexistence, supporting sensitive introduction of new elements with subtle contemporary expression in respectful continuity with the forms and atmospheres of the past.

Renovation of industrial heritage sites and sustainable urban regeneration in post-industrial Shanghai

ABSTRACT The renovation of cities’ urban industrial heritage fabric is becoming increasingly recognized as an opportunity for post-industrial urban development, suggesting a complex interplay between the renovation of industrial heritage sites and urban regeneration effects in surrounding areas. However, prior research on industrial heritage renovation rarely transcends the arts-led gentrification narrative, and whether/to what extent industrial heritage renovation can catalyze sustainable urban regeneration in surrounding areas—and the driving forces underpinning that process—remains unclear, especially within the Chinese context. In this research, we focus on Shanghai’s top-down policy of renovating industrial heritage sites into locations for creative industry clusters. By comparing Yishan Road and Changyuan Districts from 2008 to 2018, we arrived at a nuanced understanding of the urban regeneration effects of industrial heritage renovation as a policy-induced gentrification model. We further concluded that the renovation of a city’s industrial heritage fabric could catalyze sustainable urban regeneration if implemented through an integrated development model that considered the physical, economic, social, and cultural aspects that resonated with the current policy and institutional system. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications in urban policy and planning discussions on the strategic value of industrial heritage renovation in post-industrial cities.

Направления и тенденции в современном фуд-дизайне

Article shows a complex review of new movements and trends in food design. Food design types are described, and alternative classification is presented. The matrix classification model is built on the traditional scheme of Russian school of design thinking called “man-subject-environment”. The subject is divided into tools or instruments and the food itself as a product of man plus machines’ activity. Trends in modern food design are divided into physical, social and cultural types based on a simplified Satter’s foodrole model. Attention is paid in majority to social and cultural trends. Cultural heritage renovation, sustainable food design and food design experience are described as significant trends. The article also describes several projects in the field of the search for new food. This trend continues since the second half of the twentieth century and implies food only as a saturation tool. The author suggests perceiving nutrition in food design as an instrument of social interaction, a way of self-actualization in the global multicultural world and an instrument of psychological therapy. In conclusion, directions for design projects are proposed in accordance with the identified trends.

Stages of industrial heritage socialization in Moscow

Abstract
 Introduction. The actual tendency of creation of public architectural and spatial environments using industrial objects as foundation, which in this article is defined by the term “socialization”, is considered. The purpose of this paper is to identify and characterize the stages of socialization of Moscow’s industrial heritage (the process began in the mid-1990s). The systematization of accumulated experience in this field allows for the formulation of perspective integration models for territories of historical industrial development into urban surroundings.
 Materials and methods. 14 typical examples of renovation of historical industrial territories in Moscow were selected to be analyzed. Materials on the history of transfiguration of these areas have been systematized. Socioeconomic analysis of separate investigated objects and graph-analytical analysis of manifesting clustering of public spaces in historical industrial areas were conducted.
 Results. Three stages of socialization were identified on the basis of 14 examples: initial stage, focused stage and systematic stage. The stages correspond to the key dates of appearance of public spaces on the foundation of industrial heritage territorial formations. Dynamics of appearance of the public environment on industrial territories, from natural social develop-ment to the focused stage in which the principles of openness and public availability are set by a project, is noted. The third, systematic stage, which is focused on the preservation of historical industrial territories as a complex and involving the creation of a system of public spaces on the basis of conserving the historical industrial developments, is a promising direction for the creation of a unique urban environment.
 Conclusions. The defining role of the creation of public spaces in the process of industrial heritage renovation has been identified. The regular patterns of the location of the converted historical industrial areas relative to the center of Moscow are given, and the development areas, as well as real estate value within the boundaries of the areas under consideration (office rent and housing purchase) and on the adjacent territories are compared. The conclusion about social accessibility of territories is made, and the prospects of development of public spaces on the foundation of industrial heritage are outlined.

Theory and practice of heritage renovation of landscape and recreational spaces in the city of Voronezh. Renovation project for the Park named after A. Durov

The article is devoted to the problem of renovation of public recreational spaces classified as historic heritage involving the use of systematic approach and analysis. This approach can scientifically justify the place and public significance of a rather specific and relevant type of architectural and urban planning activity consisting in harmonization and interaction between people (population) and landscape recreational environment inhabited by them [1,2]. The purpose of the research is identifying the integrity of historic spaces through analysis of interaction of industrial, household, recreational, and communicational processes in view of their restoration and choosing methods and techniques with specific examples from design practice in Voronezh.

Study on causes of delay and cost overruns in heritage renovation of Bhaktapur

A fresh and present look at the performance and delivery of heritage projects is required because few studies have been conducted to explore the specific project management and participant issues that contributed failed elements (time and cost) in heritage projects. The major contribution of this research is in the guidance for improvement to help avoid delays and cost overruns in future heritage renovation projects. Bhaktapur municipality is rich in heritage; here the tourism market is one of the source of economy. Bhaktapur municipality has been selected for this study because many of the heritage renovation projects have been completed each year. Most of heritage renovations have been done with the help of users committee and amanat. Tourism has become an important economic factor for the region. So the heritage renovation is studied with the impact of the delay in the works. The research design for this study is more qualitative than quantitative. The main causes of delay have been found as difficulties in financing projects and poor managerial skills. Similarly, the causes of the cost overruns have been found as material cost increased due to inflation.

Constructing New Meanings of Chinese Architectural Heritage in the World Heritage Sites of Malacca Straits

This paper aims to construct new meanings of Chinese architectural heritage in the World Heritage sites of Malacca and Penang in the Malacca Straits. Inscribed in 2008, both sites have a history of more than 600 years of migrating trades and cultural exchanges with China. The influence of Chinese culture has given them diverse urban and architectural assets as tangible heritage, and different life styles of different groups of people as intangible heritage. Starting with a survey of the varied Chinese architectural heritage in the two World Heritage sites of the Malacca Straits, this study presents Chinese temples, huiguans, and shop-houses in the surviving historic city centres where various cultures and religions met and coexisted. These sites bear testimony to a living multi-cultural heritage and the tradition of Malay Archipelago, historic China and India, and modern Europe up to nowadays. Setting the two Wold Heritage sites in the full context of China, India and Southeast Asia which were part of the Maritime Silk Roads in ancient times, the study establishes a broader view to understand heritage as a cultural entity, explores the Chinese contribution to heritage, and calls for awareness towards heritage renovation and adaptive reuse throughout history. Furthermore, through an investigation of the architectural and cultural heritage in Southeast Asia from the 15th to the 19th century, the study intends to achieve a better understanding of the vernacular architecture and craftsmanship in southern China and the vernacular Chinese culture and art in Southeast Asia. It means to explore how Chinese cultural heritage was transplanted to the non-Chinese contexts in the Malacca Straits

Specific Characteristics Of real Estate Development In Cultural Heritage Areas

The inclusion of cultural heritage in the global recovery schemes is an important catalyst for sustainable development. Successful regeneration of heritage sites causes large-scale effect, going beyond the boundaries of a particular object, and has a positive influence on society and the city. Theoretically regeneration of cultural heritage is necessary to avoid the downturn of object’s physical, economical and social characteristics. It is also important to note that the cultural heritage renovation of city spaces should to integrate into the urban environment and its development. Creating conditions for the arising of successful elements in the urban environment as a whole, separate buildings are not as important as the overall impression of the city and the atmosphere in a particular space. However, the individual buildings can be an important starting point to create a successful ambient impression. The cultural heritage objects often help to regenerate their environment, including the historical and economic value to the building surroundings. Thanks to the restoration of historic buildings can be created an attractive environment where people want to work, live or visit. A sign that the historic area is successfully developed shows people’s desire to be in a such environments. Cultural heritage can be used to strengthen the local economy, attract investment, and to highlight the uniqueness of the local ambient or to create specific added value of real estate. Restoring of cultural heritage sites can be more costly than the original estimates of owners. However, common research shows that even the increased estimates in the process of work may be lower than the construction new objects, that does not create such a high economic value, as a historical building. Materials, energy resources, waste in the construction of new buildings are less efficient than the advantages of repeated resurrection of the object. Repeated reconstruction of the heritage sites reduces gas emissions generated during construction, and also reduces landfilled waste, household waste disposal, what directly influences greenhouse gas emission reductions. Reinvestment to historical sites ensures preservation of inherited buildings, spaces and places for future generations