Development Of Herbal Products Research Articles

Enhancing Anti-Hyperpigmentation Efficacy: A Review on Herbal Nanodelivery System

Hyperpigmentation refers to a condition characterized by excessive skin pigmentation, leading to darkened areas on the skin. This condition can significantly affect physical appearance and have adverse effects on emotional and psychological well-being. The use of commercial skinlightening products for hyperpigmentation therapy often entails significant side effects, prompting the exploration and development of herbal products as alternative anti-hyperpigmentation agents. Herbs act as anti-hyperpigmentation agents through various mechanisms, including inhibiting the expression and activity of tyrosinase, as well as reducing the uptake and distribution of melanosomes. The advancement of nanoparticle delivery systems represents a significant stride in enhancing the efficacy of herbal compounds, overcoming the limitations associated with conventional phytochemical formulations. Herbal plants incorporated into nanoparticle delivery systems demonstrate superior activity as anti-hyperpigmentation agents compared to their conventional extract counterparts. Various nanoparticle formulations employed include zinc oxide and gold nanoparticles, nanovesicles, nanosponges, nanoliposomes, Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC), and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). This narrative review aims to explore natural ingredients, diverse nanoparticle formulations, and the impacts of nanoparticle delivery of herbs as anti-hyperpigmentation agents, drawing insights from both preclinical and clinical studies. This review is intended to provide a foundation for the future development of herbal nanoparticle delivery systems.

Agro-Health Tourism Management Innovation Based on Local Wisdom to The Creative Economy Mae Sai District, Chiang Rai

This research aims to 1) manage knowledge and wisdom about the use of herbal medicine in the Ban Muang Kham community, Mae Sai District, Chiang Rai Province, 2) develop herbal products and design health agro tourism activities by using the design thinking process, and 3) transfer knowledge of the developing herbal products and designing healthy agro tourism activities. The research was conducted in 3 phases, consisting of Phase 1 managing knowledge and wisdom about the use of herbal medicine in the Ban Muang Kham community, Phase 2 developing herbal products and designing health agro tourism activities by using the design thinking process, and Phase 3 transferring knowledge of herbal products and designing healthy agro tourism activities. The results of the study found that The Ban Muang Kham uses 24 types of local herbs and plants for treatment and health care. They have knowledge in processing 6 products for use in the household and for sale. The researcher has developed 3 prototype herbal products as follows: yellow oil with stretched grass tendon, herbal clay for knees, and foot soak herbs. This prototype product was developed based on the results of a survey of purchasing and demand of users and tourists. Then transfer knowledge on herbal product development through design 6 health agro-tourism courses to the community, contains a course on herbal processing to promote health tourism, product development course, packaging design course, Tong-sen massage course, course of eating according to life elements, and courses on calculating costs and selling prices. There were a total of 135 people participating in the knowledge transfer. The community should continuously drive community tourism development operations. Training in being a local tour guide to develop the potential of community tour leaders or tour guides to welcome tourists. Coordinate and create a network for community tourism development operations with local government organizations and local and provincial tourism partners to enhance community potential and strength. And improve the landscape to impress tourists or people who come to visit.

Acute toxicity profiling of medicinal herb Ardisia elliptica leaf extract by conventional evaluations and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics

Background and aimInterest in the safety of herbal medicine is growing rapidly regarding knowledge and challenges in natural products. Hence, this study aimed to reveal the toxicological profile of Ardisia elliptica, a traditional medicinal plant used in the treatment of various illnesses. Experimental procedureAcute toxicity study was performed on female and male Sprague Dawley rats with a single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg BW of 70% ethanolic A. elliptica leaf extract, using a combination of conventional investigations and 1H-NMR-based metabolomics approaches. ResultsPhysical, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological assessments demonstrated the usual rat profile, with no mortality and delayed toxicity 14 days after administration. 1H NMR serum metabolomics depicted similar metabolites between normal and treated groups. Nevertheless, 1H NMR of urinary metabolomics revealed perturbation in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism within 24h after extract administration, while no accumulation of toxic biomarkers in the collected biological fluids on Day 14. A minor gender-based difference revealed the influence of sex hormones and different energy expenditure on response to extract treatment. ConclusionThis study suggested that 2000 mg/kg BW of 70% ethanolic A. elliptica leaf extract is considered as safe for consumption and offered a comprehensive overview of the response of physiological and metabolic aspects applicable to food and herbal product development.

A facile approach to fabrication and characterization of novel herbal microemulsion-based UV shielding cream

BackgroundSince many decades, phytoconstituents are well known for their potential therapeutic benefits but the development of herbal products has been limited due to difficulties like collection, isolation, stability and aqueous solubility of the phytoconstituents. The present study focuses on the development of microemulsion-based sunscreen cream formulation containing therapeutically active phytoconstituents like lycopene, β-carotene and curcumin which are reported for both antioxidant and ultraviolet radiation barrier properties. But the major hurdle in the development of the formulation is poor solubility and stability of these 3 components. Microemulsion preparation helps to enhance the solubility and stability of the final product. Screening of oils, surfactants and cosurfactants were done based on solubility studies followed by the construction of pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, sesame oil, span 80 to tween 80 (surfactant) and isopropyl alcohol (co-surfactant) which were selected to stable microemulsion.ResultBased on a solubility study of components and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, surfactant to co-surfactant (Smix) with 2:1 ratio and oil to Smix with 2:8 ratio were selected for preparation of the final microemulsion. Results show an average globule size of 208 nm, conductance 0.935 moh/cm, pH 7.1, zeta potential − 17.5 mV, refractive index 1.002, polydispersibility index 0.342, percent transmittance 90.68% and viscosity 82.45 cps. In a drug content study, the presence of lycopene, β-carotene and curcumin was found to be 87.53, 85.08 and 90.65%, respectively. Finally, microemulsion-based sunscreen cream was prepared and evaluated for various parameters like pH, extrudability, spreadability and drug content study. The sun protection factor (SPF) of microemulsion and cream was found to be 36.32 and 37.65, respectively. The stability study data shows better stability of the final formulation.ConclusionFormulation of microemulsion-based sunscreen cream may be a better option in the design and development of herbal phytoconstituents.

Column chromatography for preparing rosmarinic acid rich extract from Orthosiphon aristatus

Chromatographic techniques were used to prepare rosmarinic acid rich extract from Orthosiphon aristatus. Such extract is highly required for herbal product development because of its remarkable bioactivities. Therefore, the plant crude extract was fractionated using solvent mixture, ethyl acetate and ethanol in column chromatography. The solvent system was developed using thin layer chromatography. The results found that 60-99.9% ethyl acetate in ethanol could separate rosmarinic acid with the retention factor (Rf) ranged from 0.2–0.3. Of the solvent systems, 70% ethyl acetate could produce the highest yield of rosmarinic acid, 4.5% w/w with 100% purity. The concentration of rosmarinic acid was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography integrated with tandem mass spectrometry. The subsequent combined fractions could recover 70% of total rosmarinic acid from crude extract. The bed height of the silica gel packed column increased from 16 to 24 and 32 cm did not affect the performance of rosmarinic acid elution in column chromatography. The silica gel absorbent could be repeatedly used up to five times to recover rosmarinic acid from crude extract. Column chromatography can be used to recover rosmarinic acid (>85%) using the binary solvent system (70% ethyl acetate:30% ethanol) effectively.

Influence of Extraction Scheme on the Antioxidant Potential of Caralluma tuberculata

Herbal industry of developing countries is facing several technical issues related to the extraction conditions in order to attain the maximum yield of a plant extract with maximum therapeutic attributes. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the best technique for respective herbal products. The effect of three different extraction techniques: ultrasonic assisted extraction, microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction, by using three solvents (80% methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) on the antioxidant potential of Caralluma tuberculata stem (non-conventional vegetable) extracts were investigated. Folin-Ciocalteu method was applied on tested samples in order to find the concentration of total phenols. Therefore, the optimized extract of high yield and maximum total phenolic content was selected for further analysis like total flavonoid contents, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS scavenging potential. Quantification of phenolic acids in the extracts was also carried out by HPLC. Significant variation was observed in the yield of total phenols within the extracts, but better results were obtained in aqueous methanolic extract of ultrasonic assisted extraction, followed by microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction. Present findings supported the view that ultrasonic assisted extraction can be used for phytochemicals profiling, activity guided assays and the development of herbal products. Correlation coefficients of active principles indicated a significant relationship to antioxidant capacity P < 0.05.