Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate the evidence of the therapeutic potential of *Strychnos pseudoquina* in the treatment of chronic diseases, with the aim of compiling and critically evaluating the data, identifying gaps in current knowledge, and suggesting directions for future research. Method: The methodology adopted for the research involved an integrative review of both qualitative and quantitative nature, covering the last 10 years, from 2014 to 2024. Articles were searched in the LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, and Cochrane databases, resulting in six selected articles. Results and Discussion: The results show that Strychnos pseudoquina possesses biological activities such as effects against leishmaniasis, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. Traditionally used in Brazil for various health problems, the plant has great potential in popular medicine. Additional studies are needed to determine safe dosages and explore its clinical potential in the treatment of chronic diseases. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications may lead to the development of new medications, improve clinical practices, influence public health policies, guide future scientific research, update educational curricula, and encourage investments in the pharmaceutical and herbal medicine industries. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by compiling evidence on the therapeutic potential of Strychnos pseudoquina. The originality of the research lies in its comprehensive and systematic approach, highlighting gaps in knowledge and suggesting new directions for future research. The study is relevant due to its potential impact on the development of new medications, the improvement of clinical practices, and the formulation of public policies.