Hepatic Carcinoma Cells Research Articles

Selective hepatic venography in primary liver cell carcinoma

With apparent inoperable hepatic cell carcinoma, knowledge of adequate venous outflow from tumor-free liver tissue permits extensive resection with long survival.

INHIBITION OF SENILE AMYLOIDOSIS OF MICE BY BIS‐CARBOXYETHYL GERMANIUM SESQUIOXIDE

A mouse strain, ICR/SLC, was involved in spontaneous amyloidosis with high incidence. The amyloid deposition in this strain was seen mainly in the mucosal propria of duodenum and terminal ileum, liver, spleen, adrenal cortices, and renal glomeruli. The mice, orally administered more than 300 mg/kg of organic germanium for 22 months since 5 weeks old, did not develop amyloidosis. Half of the mice, given 30 mg/kg of organic germanium for 22 months developed amyloidosis. The mice given 5% carboxymethylcellulose, the solvent of organic germanium, were affected with systemic amyloidosis with high frequency. The results showed that the organic germanium successfully inhibited the occurrence of senile amyloidosis with dose response. The agent did not have any apparent relation to the incidence of hepatic cell carcinoma or pulmonary adenoma which is frequently combined with aged mice. Although the actual mechanism involved is not clear, the evidence of the inhibition of senile amyloidosis by organic germanium may give a light to elucidate the pathogenesis of amyloidosis.

Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Liver

A rare case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is reported. An 85-year-old white man presented with a 6-month history of weight loss and an enlarged liver. A biopsy demonstrated a squamous cell carcinoma which was presumed to be metastatic with an occult primary. At autopsy, the liver was partially replaced by a focally cystic tumor. Histologically, the neoplasm demonstrated both malignant squamous and glandular contradistinctionmponents as well as foci of transition between the two. This is in co to the 5 previous reported cases of primary hepatic squamous cell carcinomas or tumors containing a squamous component. It is suggested that this neoplasm arose from malignant transformation of squamous metaplasia in a pre-existing cholangiocarcinoma.

Liver tumors in children in the particular reference to hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: American Academy of pediatrics surgical section survey — 1974

A review of 227 cases of hepatoblastoma, hepatic cell carcinoma in children seen in the United States over a 10-yr period is presented. Both tumors were seen most commonly in infancy, but the hepatocellular carcinoma shows a second peak of incidence around puberty. Males predominated in both diseases more so in hepatoblastoma. Presenting symptoms in both diseases were very similar, most commonly an upper abdominal mass or abdominal enlargement associated with anorexia and weight loss. In the preoperative evaluation the presence of alpha-feto protein was one of the most helpful diagnostic tests. Disturbances of liver function were usually mildb ut were more marked in those children with hepatocellular carcinoma. Preoperative x-rays were abnormal in a large percentage of cases with the hepatic arteriogram and vena cavagram being the most useful diagnostic x-rays for liver tumors. Liver scans were positive for liver tumor in 95% of the children when this test was carried out. The follow-up for these patients ranged from2 to 10 yr. The size of the primary tumor did not appear to correlated with survival but bilateral location of the tumor, 33% in hepatoblastoma and 45% in hepatocellular carcinoma, made many of these tumors inoperable. Multicentric tumors were also found in a large number of patients, being more common in hepatocellular carcinoma. There was a high rate of local recurrence or local extension after operation in both diseases, and metastatic spread was similar being most common to the lungs and abdomen. A wide variety of surgical procedures were carried out in these patients from biopsy only to extended hepatic lobectomy. When incomplete excision or biopsy only was carried out no patient survived in either group. Among the hepatoblastoma patients, 45 of 78 patients who had complete excision are surviving. In the hepatocellular carcinoma patients where the operability rate was much lower 12 of 33 patients are surviving when tumor was completely excised. Complications were frequent, the most common being excessive blood loss at operation.There were eight operative deaths and 17 postoperative deaths in the combined group. There was no evidence that radiation therapy or chemotherapy controlled disease which could not be completely excised surgically. The only direct evidence of a favorable effect of radiation and chemotherapy were three cases of hepatoblastoma in which the tumor changed from inoperable to operable by a combination of radiation therapy and multiple drug chemotherapy. Both tumors are highly malignant, and 90% of the children who died of hepatoblastoma died within 12 mo of diagnosis. In the hepatocellular carcinoma 80% of the deaths occurred within 1 yr of diagnosis. At this time it seems that operative excision offers the only chance of cure in children with these tumors and cure rates of 60% can be expected with hepatoblastoma and 33% in hepatocellular carcinoma if the tumor can be completely excised.

Further studies on induction of stomach cancer in hamsters by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

Oral administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) to hamsters at a concentration of 50-83 μg/ml in the drinking water resulted in a high incidence of tumours in the glandular stomach. Short-term administration of MNNG for 4-6 months resulted in more adenocarcinomata in the glandular stomach than long-term administration for 7-8 months. One case of metastasis of an adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach to the liver and 2 cases of metastasis to the regional lymph nodes were found. Spindle cell sarcomata in the glandular stomach and adenocarcinomata in the duodenum were also often produced.Oral administration of MNNG at the very high concentration of 500-2000 μg/ml induced a hepatic cell carcinoma, intrahepatic bile duct carcinomata, bile duct cystadenomata and cystic dilatation, and a haemangioma in the liver but no tumour in the glandular stomach.Sequential morphological studies on the glandular stomach of hamsters receiving 50 μg/ml of MNNG in the drinking water showed 3 stages of change of the mucosa. The mucosa became atrophic and eroded in the first 16 weeks. Irregular atypical glands developed at the margins of erosions and proliferation of spindle cells in the submucosa were found after 18 weeks. Spindle cell sarcomata developed in animals after 20 weeks. Adenocarcinomata developed between 25 and 32 weeks.

Histopathological study on primary hepatic cell carcinoma and the association with liver cirrhosis

Histopathological study on primary hepatic cell carcinoma and the association with liver cirrhosis

Functional hepatoma demonstrated with rose bengal scanning.

The case of a 54 year old male with a well-differentiated liver cell carcinoma is presented. That the region of carcinoma was revealed on scanning utilizing rose bengal labeled with I131 as an area of normal to increased activity, contrasting with the liver background of decreased uptake due to fibrosis and degeneration, is felt to be a unique instance of function of an hepatic cell carcinoma.

Erythrocytosis and Hyperlipemia as Manifestations of Hepatic Carcinoma

METABOLIC and hematologic abnormalities have been described as manifestations of primary hepatic neoplasms. Erythrocytosis is the most common of these secondary manifestations, occurring in 11.7% of patients in one series. 1 Less commonly, hypercholesterolemia, 2,3 osteoporosis, 2,4 porphyria, 5 precocious puberty, 6 and hypoglycemia 7 have been reported. This report describes the occurrence of erythrocytosis and hyperlipemia in a young adult with hepatic cell carcinoma. Studies were done to clarify the mechanisms of these abnormalities. Awareness of the unusual metabolic alterations associated with hepatoma may assist in the diagnosis of obscure hepatic disease. Methods Routine laboratory procedures including determinations of liver function and cholesterol levels 8 were performed by the clinical chemistry laboratory by standard methods. Plasma volume was determined by the isotope dilution technique using iodinated I 131 serum albumin (human). Red blood cell volume was calculated from the hematocrit and the determined plasma volume. Serum and saline extracted

Elevation of Erythropoietin Levels in Association With Wilms' Tumor

THE OCCURRENCE of polycythemia in association with various diseases has been frequently recorded. Renal malignancies, uterine myomata, hemangioblastomas and hepatic cell carcinomas have been the malignant tumors most frequently involved.1-4Recent reports have also established the occurrence of polycythemia in association with undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung.5Hematologic remission subsequent to treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy has been documented in some of these cases. This report presents observations of what we believe to be the first patient with Wilms' tumor to be associated with polycythemia. Plasma from this patient had an increased level of erythropoietin; metastatic nodules in the lung were homogenized and separated, and the supernatant fluid had erythropoietin activity. Methods of Investigation Presurgical and postsurgical erythropoietin levels were determined by bioassay in starved rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 200 gm each were starved for 96 hours. Thirty and 54 hours after starvation was instituted,

Elevation of erythropoietin levels in association with Wilms' tumor

THE OCCURRENCE of polycythemia in association with various diseases has been frequently recorded. Renal malignancies, uterine myomata, hemangioblastomas and hepatic cell carcinomas have been the malignant tumors most frequently involved.^1-4Recent reports have also established the occurrence of polycythemia in association with undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung.⁵Hematologic remission subsequent to treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy has been documented in some of these cases. This report presents observations of what we believe to be the first patient with Wilms' tumor to be associated with polycythemia. Plasma from this patient had an increased level of erythropoietin; metastatic nodules in the lung were homogenized and separated, and the supernatant fluid had erythropoietin activity. <h3>Methods of Investigation</h3> Presurgical and postsurgical erythropoietin levels were determined by bioassay in starved rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 200 gm each were starved for 96 hours. Thirty and 54 hours after starvation was instituted,

Enzymatic histochemistry of ethionine induced liver cirrhosis and hepatoma.

A number of enzymatic histochemical staining reactions were applied to the livers of rats that had been given dl-ethionine for periods up to 330 days. The ethionine lesion is characterized by early central hepatocellular necrosis, proliferation of oval cells, and degenerative and regenerative alterations in the liver cells leading to cirrhosis and areas of adenofibrosis. Finally, liver cell carcinoma develops. The zonal differences of various enzymatic staining reactions in the liver lobules characteristic for the normal liver disappear in regenerating liver lobules. Most enzymes are demonstrable in these regenerating cells, as for instance succinic dehydrogenase, nonspecific esterase, glucose-6-phosphatase, diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase and others. Hepatic carcinoma cells likewise retain many of the staining reactions. There is, however, a complete lack of bile canalicular activity, which is best seen with the ATPase technique. Such a deficiency occurs also in some regenerating nodules without obvious evidence of malignancy. Thus, the lack of bile canalicular staining in cirrhotic liver lobules may indicate impending carcinomatous transformation. Oval "ductular" cells showed a lack of various enzymatic staining reactions, but did show moderate DPN diaphorase and nonspecific esterase activity. The origin of these cells from liver cells, although not proven, is definitely suggested. In areas of oval cell proliferation, there was marked increase in the intensity of sinusoidal staining with various phosphatase techniques. Fibrous tissue, particularly in areas of adenofibrosis, showed areas of marked adenosine triphosphatase activity. On the other hand, 5-nucleotidase activity was increased strongly in areas where reticulum fibers had been deposited. Increase in nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase in Kupffer cells indicated apparently a marked stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system.