Helicobacter Pylori Positivity Rate Research Articles

Helicobacter pylori might be a contributing factor in gallbladder polyps or gallstones: A single center case-control matching study of Turkish individuals

Background/Purpose: In recent studies, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection; It was stated that it may be associated with diseases such as obesity, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and kidney failure. In our study, we aimed to examine the relationship between Hp infection and gallstones and gallbladder polyps. Methods: Patients who underwent elective cholecystectomy between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively examined. Patients were divided into those with only polyps in the gallbladder (Group P), those with polyps and stones together (Group SP), and those with only stones (Group S). The control group consisted of patients who underwent gastroscopy due to dyspeptic complaints (Group No). The groups were screened for the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Demographic data, comorbidities, presence of hepatosteatosis and laboratory values were recorded and compared. Results: 244 patients were included in the study. HP was positive in 141 (57.8%) of the patients and negative in 103 (42.2%). There were 58 (23.8%) patients in Group P, 22 (9%) in Group SP, 90 (36.9%) in Group S, and 74 (30.3%) in Group No. There was a significant difference in age between Group P and Group No (P = 0.012). Female gender was significantly higher in Group S (P=0.009). Helicobacter pylori positivity rate was significantly higher in Group P and Group SP (P = 0.012). Conclusion: HP infection may be associated with gallbladder polyps. We recommend that prospective randomized controlled studies be supported by large sample data.

Helicobacter pylori kolonizasyon yoğunluğu çölyak hastalığının gelişmesinde önemli rol oynayabilir

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori infection and to compare the severity of celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori infection in adults according to the modified Marsh score.
 Materials and Methods: This study included 148 patients with celiac disease and 240 control patients without celiac disease who underwent endoscopy for various reasons in a tertiary hospital. Age, gender, endoscopy indications, descriptive characteristics, complaints, serological, endoscopic and histopathological findings of the patients were recorded and analyzed. Results: Helicobacter pylori colonization in the celiac disease patients was 43.9% and in control group was 57.5% (p = 0.009). Helicobacter pylori positivity rate was significantly lower in Marsh 2, 3A, 3B, 3C groups ( p = 0.04). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant but weak negative relationship between the severity of Helicobacter pylori and celiac disease (r = -.109, p = 0.031). When Marsh score was increasing, Helicobacter pylori grade decreased. Conclusion: The current study indicated that the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection was lower in adults with celiac disease compared to control patients, and Helicobacter pylori colonization density was associated with milder duodenal lesions in celiac patients. Helicobacter pylori colonization may have a protective role in the development of celiac disease.

Efficacy and Safety of Zuojin Pill for the Treatment of Chronic Nonatrophic Gastritis: A Randomized Active-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective Zuojin pill (ZJP) is used as the classical prescription for a wide variety of digestive diseases. However, there is a lack of direct evidence for its use in the treatment of chronic nonatrophic gastritis (CNG). In particular, there is a lack of rigorous trials of randomized controlled designs. In this study, a randomized active-controlled clinical trial was performed to verify the efficacy and safety of ZJP in detail. Methods Patients with CNG were divided into the ZJP group and the Marzulene-S granule group. Patients were enrolled from September 2019 to February 2021 (ChiCTR2000040549). Endoscopy and histology scores were evaluated as the primary outcome measure. The Helicobacter pylori positive rate and the disappearance rate of symptoms were also measured to reflect the outcomes. Finally, adverse events were also calculated as the index of safety. Results A total of 68 eligible patients were enrolled in this trial and randomly divided into two groups with baseline comparability. ZJP was able to improve the red plaques as well as bile reflux scores compared with Marzulene-S granule (P=0.043 and P=0.019, respectively). Moreover, it also remarkably alleviated the active chronic inflammation score (P=0.043). However, there was no difference between the Helicobacter pylori positivity rate (P=0.752). The symptom scores of abdominal distension (P=0.004), belching (P=0.010), and loss of appetite (P=0.019) were alleviated by ZJP, but nausea and vomiting were not (P=0.616). ZJP can also be considered safe with no obvious adverse effects. Conclusion ZJP might decrease mucosal injury and alleviate symptoms in CNG. In addition, more large-scale clinical trials should be carried out to further confirm its clinical efficacy and safety.

Comparison of endoscopic and pathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in transplant candidate patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis treatment: a review of literature

BackgroundDyspepsia is a common disorder in kidney transplant recipients, and the risk of post-transplant complications is increased in candidates with upper gastrointestinal disease. We evaluated gastrointestinal lesions of kidney transplant candidates on dialysis.MethodsIn this study, endoscopic and pathological findings in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with gastrointestinal symptoms on the waiting list were compared.ResultsThe most common non-ulcerous lesions in the endoscopic examination were gastritis (62.3%), erosive gastritis (38.7%), duodenal erosion or duodenitis (18.9%) and esophagitis (13.2%). The ulcerous lesion was present in only 3 patients. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, ulcerated lesion and non-ulcerated lesion rates were similar in both dialysis groups. Histopathological examination revealed Helicobacter pylori (HP) positivity in 28.3% of patients. HP positivity rate was significantly higher in PD patients than in HD patients (38.7% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.046). Chronic gastritis (75.5%) was the most common pathological finding. HP positivity rate was 37.5% in patients with chronic gastritis, but HP was negative in patients without chronic gastritis. In multivariate analysis, male gender, urea and albumin levels were associated with the presence of pathological chronic gastritis. The presence of gastritis, total cholesterol and ferritin levels were found significant for HP positivity. A total cholesterol > 243 mg/dL was significantly related to an increased risk of the presence of HP positivity.ConclusionsGastrointestinal lesions and HP infection are common in dialysis patients. Dialysis modality may affect the frequency of some lesions. It may be useful to have an endoscopic examination before entering the transplant waiting list for all candidates.

Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori re-infection rate – an interim analysis

Aim: To determine the re-infection rate of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in a large cohort of patients who previously underwent a successful eradication therapy. Patients and methods: The histologic results of 1726 patients were reviewed retrospectively in order to evaluate their HP status. The upper GI endoscopies were performed between 1994 and 2006, the samples were taken from the antrum and the corpus, HP status was determined with hematoxylin eosin and confirmed with Giemsa staining. Results: The HP positivity rate was 666/1726 (39%). Out of these 666 HP positive patients, 149 patients had at least one negative control biopsy after eradication; 13 patients from this subgroup developed HP positivity (re-infection). The remaining 136 patients were tested using the urea breath test (C13-UBT); 3 of the 35 participating patients proved to have acquired HP re-infection. Taken together, 16/149 patients showed re-infection, 32/149 patients were treated successfully, and due to lack of co-operation the HP status could not be determined in 101/149 patients. Conclusion: We experienced a minimum rate of HP re-infection of 10%. One of the biases of the study is the high number of patients refusing to take the non-invasive control C13-UBT with potentially further HP re-infection cases remaining undiagnosed. The other limitation is the absence of confirmation of previous biopsy results by another reliable method (e.g. C13-UBT) with high sensitivity and specificity. Finally, even with these biases, the 10% re-infection rate is high therefore we plan to reinvite the non-cooperating patients and process the data of patients with previous UBT results.

CagA positivity and its association with gastroduodenal disease in Turkish children undergoing endoscopic investigation

Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) product is a bacterial virulence factor contributing to the pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in humans. Host factors, which vary in different countries, interact with bacterial factors to determine the disease state. Our objective was to investigate the frequency of CagA-positive HP strains and evaluate the contribution of CagA positivity to symptoms and development of mucosal lesions in HP-infected Turkish children. We conducted a prospective clinical trial in 240 consecutive Turkish children undergoing endoscopy (110 girls, 130 boys; mean age, 8.7 +/- 4.3 years). HP infection was diagnosed on the basis of a positive rapid urease test and histology of the mucosal specimens. HP IgG and CagA IgG antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in HP-positive children. The HP positivity rate was 50.4% in our study group (51 girls, 70 boys; mean age, 9.9 +/- 3.9 years). CagA was positive in 74.4%. HP infection was less common in children with vomiting (25.9%, P < 0.05). CagA positivity was not associated with any clinical symptom. HP positivity was higher in children with duodenal ulcer (80% vs. 49.1%, P = 0.05); while CagA positivity was similar. Antral nodularity was strongly associated with HP positivity and CagA positivity (30.6% vs. 3.4% and 36.7% vs. 12.9%, respectively, P < 0.05). A negative association between CagA positivity and esophagitis was observed (20% vs. 76.7%, P < 0.05). CagA positivity is common in HP-infected Turkish children. Esophageal lesions are less common in children infected with CagA-positive strains. Although HP is associated with duodenal ulcer disease, CagA positivity does not seem to contribute to development of ulcers in children in our series.

The Findings of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Before and After the Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: Reflux Esophagitis Is the Frequent Complication after the Transplantation

Portal hypertension, stress induced by operation, immunosupressive agents, and Helicobacter pylori may affect the findings of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before and after the liver transplantation. Relatively small graft is one of characteristics of living-donor liver transplantation. The effects of living-donor liver transplantation on upper gastrointestinal endoscopic finding have not been examined well. Patients and Methods: Twenty-eight adult patients underwent living-donor liver transplantation were included in the present study. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in 20 patients before and 22 patients after the transplantation. Results: Esophageal varix was seen in all of 18 cases with liver cirrhosis before transplantation. All of them were disappeared after transplantation. Portal hypertensive gastropathy was positive in 65% of patients. Twelve patients were classified as mild and one patient was classified as severe (McCormack's classification). According to Toyonaga's classification, 8 patients were classified as grade 1 and 4 patients were classified as grade 2. All of them were disappeared after the transplantation. Only 1 patient (5.0%) had grade A (Los Angeles classification) esophagitis before the transplantation. However, 6 out of 22 (27.3%) patients (grade C: 2, grade B: 1, grade A: 1, discoloring type: 2) had reflux esophagitis after the transplantation. Two patients had gastric or duodenal ulcer before the transplantation, however, no patient suffered from gastric nor duodenal ulcer after the transplantation. Before the transplantation, Helicobacter pylori positive rate was 33.3% (3/9). After the transplantation, only 1 out of 21 (4.8%) patients were Helicobacter pylori positive by culture of the gastric mucosa. Number of isolated bacteria by general microbiological culture of the gastric mucosa was not increased in the patients after the transplantation compared with control patients. Conclusion: The living-donor liver transplantation had curative effects on esophageal varix and portal hypertensive gastropathy. However, reflux esophagitis was a complication encountered following liver transplantation. Helicobacter pylori positive rate was low in the patients after the liver transplantation.

Helicobacter pylori in the adenoid of children with and without otitis media with effusion

Objectives: Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been found in tonsil, adenoid, and sinonasal tissues. The adenoid plays a key role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME). In this study, we further investigate the difference in colonization by HP in the adenoid of children with and without OME. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive children who underwent grommet insertion for chronic OME (OME group, 19 patients) or adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS group, 16 patients) were prospectively enrolled. The patients who had taken antibiotics, bismuth compounds or H2-receptor blockers, or had a history of adenotonsillitis or sinusitis for 3 weeks prior to surgery were excluded. A 2–3 mm diameter specimen was obtained from the adenoid via nasoendoscope, and placed in Pronto Dry kits (Medical Instruments Corp., Solothurn, Switzerland) to detect the presence of HP. A pink-magenta color change in the external ring of the prepared kits indicated a positive reaction for HP. Results: There were 13 girls and 22 boys. The Pronto Dry test results were positive in 4 patients (11.4%) and negative in 31 patients (88.6%). The HP positive rate in the OME and OSAS groups were 21.1% (4/19) and 0% (0/16), respectively (Fisher exact test, P = 0.11). Conclusion: HP does in fact colonize human adenoid tissue (11.4%). Although the presence of HP in the adenoid of children with OME seemed to have a higher positive rate than in the adenoid of children without OME, it showed no statistical significance. Due to our small patient group, a more extended study is needed.