Hegemonic Values Research Articles

Fetishism, metaphor, and queer translation

Abstract This article looks at Ta-wei Chi’s short stories “Yinwei wo zhuang” 因為我壯 (“Because I am strong,” 1995) and “Xiang zao” 香皂 (“Soap,” 1996) and their English translations by Fran Martin, “I’m Not Stupid” and “The Scent of HIV” in a 1998 issue of AntiThesis: A Transdisciplinary Postgraduate Journal by the University of Melbourne. These texts provide a unique example of Chi’s challenging of the presuppositions about what cultures hold unacceptable or unspeakable within the context of cultural prejudices or taboos in 1990s Taiwan. Through a close reading of the two short stories in both Chinese and in their English translations, this article demonstrates that the translations indicate a complex, hybrid process that engages questions of contesting heteronormative, hegemonic values of the target culture while at the same time negotiating the challenges of the source texts within the larger context of translating queer literary texts from Chinese into English. Drawing on Marc Démont’s three modes of translating queer texts, I argue that Martin’s translations index an amalgam of minoritising translation and queering translation. This article proposes that a queer critique of an existing translation helps expose the hidden (re)workings of cultural, linguistic and sexual hegemony in a queer literary text that can be potentially explored or exploited. Furthermore, by shedding light on the production of readings, this article argues that queer translation draws attention to multiple potentials to undo the binaries that have authenticated and naturalised our language, knowledge and ways of thinking about sex and sexuality.

‘I LEARNED TO MAKE A LOT MORE SPACE IN MYSELF FOR OTHER PEOPLE’: Examining the Negotiation of Hegemonic and Alternative Values in the Urban Commons

Abstract In this article, we examine the urban commons through the concept of subjectivity. We attend to the ways in which alternative and hegemonic values are negotiated among different commoners and within individual commoners. Which challenges do commoners face as they pursue alternative values within the context of capitalist urbanization? What sorts of subjectivities do people develop by participating in the commons? How do different commoner subjectivities form, align or collide? Drawing on a study of three housing projects in the Netherlands, we show how commoners struggle to redefine hegemonic notions of work, responsibility and sharing. Our findings suggest that realizing the commons is not just about finding the right institutional configuration, but hinges on the development of alternative dispositions, affects and relations.

From Big Farms to Big Pharma? Problematizing science-related populism.

Skepticism about health/vaccination policies during Covid-19 was considered a key example of "science-related populism" mainly based on far-right case studies. However, criticism also spread among various left-wing and environmentalist milieus, which represents an understudied phenomenon. Relying on different strands of scientific literature, and on a qualitative research design aimed both to take account of the political heterogeneity within this critical area and to deepen its links with environmentalism, we aim to highlight the limits and normative implications of its interpretation as solely populism, and to contribute to the elaboration of a different interpretive model. Qualitative and frame-bridging analysis highlighted the consolidation of worldviews in clear opposition to hegemonic values, where the criticism of science finds a more appropriate explanation in a denunciation of the intrusiveness of capitalism in science production, as well as in a rejection of "reductionism" and a claim to self-determination that extend from ecological to health issues.

How Economically Marginalized Adolescents of Color Negotiate Critical Pedagogy in a Computing Classroom

Background and Context : With the growing movement to adopt critical framings of computing, scholars have worked to reframe computing education from the narrow development of programming skills to skills in identifying and resisting oppressive structures in computing. However, we have little guidance on how these framings may manifest in classroom practice. Objectives : To better understand the processes and practice of critical pedagogy in a computing classrooms, we taught a critically conscious computing elective within a summer academic program at a northwest United States university targeted at secondary students (ages 14–18) from low-income backgrounds and would be the first in their families to pursue a post-secondary education (i.e., first-generation). We investigated: (1) our participants’ initial perceptions of and attitudes toward the benefits and perils of computing, and (2) potential tensions that might emerge when secondary students negotiate the integration of critical pedagogy in a computing classroom. Methods : We qualitatively coded participant work from a critically conscious computing course within a summer academic program in the United States focused on students from low-income backgrounds or would be the first in their family to pursue a post-secondary education. Findings : Our participants’ initial attitudes toward technology were mostly positive, but exhibited an awareness of its negative impacts on their lives and society. Throughout the course, while participants demonstrated a rich social consciousness around technology, they faced challenges in addressing hegemonic values embedded in their programs, designs, and other classwork. Implications : Our findings revealed tensions between our participants’ computing attitudes, knowledge, self-efficacy, and social consciousness, suggesting pathways for scaffolding the critical examination of technology in secondary education. This study provides insights into the pedagogical content knowledge necessary for critical computing education.

Who does the norm affect? Information design from a feminist perspective

A huge and growing amount of data is omnipresent in our daily lives. To make sense of the information overload, data visualisation and infographics are used as cognitive artefacts. The design of these solutions, in turn, is usually mediated by a set of guidelines that set parameters for what is considered good design. The norm thus suggests a collective commitment to design and involves the expression of the values of the dominant group that designed it. This study explores normative biases and presents counter-positions to the sovereignty of these hegemonic values in information design from a critical feminist perspective. It is noteworthy that during the period analysed, intellectual recognition was mainly given to men. The complexity of male protagonism in the production of knowledge is addressed. The shift away from the primacy of the influences of a dominant group therefore represents a redistribution of power that benefits not only women but also various social groups.

Pensamento social latinoamericano em três momentos fundacionais da sua história: Bolívar, Mariátegui e os teóricos descoloniais

In the formation of Latin America, culture, politics, economy, and society were shaped according to European standards as hegemonic values, which destroyed, modified, and violated the ancient traditions of indigenous peoples. Nevertheless, there have always been political ruptures and shifts in the ways of interpreting local reality, offering alternatives and political projects for the structural transformation of society. In this article, we present three moments of Latin American social thought that were counter-hegemonic and foundational for future lines of political action and interpretation of reality, with a focus on overcoming primarily colonial status and heritage. We analyze the pioneering propositions of Simón Bolívar and his utopias of liberation, delve into the critical deepening of José Carlos Mariátegui's thought, based on an unorthodox reading of Marxism, and conclude with the political and epistemic proposal of decolonial thinkers from the Modernity/Coloniality group. We will observe that, although they were very different authors, the theoretical and political challenges they posed focused on overcoming the colonial legacy in politics, knowledge, and the very existence of being.

“It creates a divide”: minoritized medical students’ perceptions of professional identity formation

Background: If the task of professional identity formation (PIF) is for the trainee to become acculturated to a specific set of professional values, trainees whose individual identities are already closely aligned with the hegemonic values of medicine might be expected to have an easier PIF process than those trainees who begin their acculturation with individual values that are quite different than the prevailing values in medicine. Method: The present cross-sectional qualitative study examines the PIF experience of 15 medical students who face a range of structural inequalities and cultural constraints in a rural, predominately white medical school setting. Results: Five themes emerged from interviews: 1) participants’ decision to enroll in medical school was substantially influenced by family and broader community; 2) participants' expectations about starting medical school were not met; 3) participants perceived they were different from other medical students and also from the stereotypical physician; 4) participants felt pressure to adjust their personal identity; and 5) participants drew from personal identities to cope with stress. Discussion: These qualitative findings suggest that many participants felt their identity was often an asset in connecting with patients. Concurrently, participants felt a responsibility to return to practice in their home communities, which may represent a uniqueburden. Furthermore, some felt pressure to compromise or change their individual identity to be successful in medical culture. The task for medical schools may be to help students view their identities as a unique advantage, rather than something they need to quell or minimize to be successful.

The Brazilian Contemporary Dance Scene of the Periferia

The aim of this article is to discuss the recent changes in scenic dance in Brazil. Until the beginning of the 2000s, scenic dance was primarily practiced by middle class white dancers, whereas more recently there is a greater representation of Afro-Brazilians and socially less privileged people who come from the outskirts of cities (periferia). The author argues that this change of paradigm is happening due to cultural policies implemented by local governments, as they attempted to provide entertaining and creative activities to help diminish violence in large urban centers, starting in the 1990s. Since these cultural policies have been developing and increasing during the last twenty years, and taking into consideration the issues of decolonialization present in the broader panorama of Latin America, this article’s goal is to discuss the growing presence of artists and dance collectives addressing ethnic and social issues in their work in an attempt to challenge established hegemonic values. In order to accomplish this task, the author refers to social theories related to decolonialization and marginalized communities of the periphery as established by various theoreticians, including Frantz Fanon, Milton Santos, Stuart Hall, Boaventura de Souza Santos, Walter Mignolo, and Anibal Quijano.

Formative Spaces of Empire: Masculinities and Outdoor Experiences ca. 1860–1960

ABSTRACT This special issue integrates gender analysis into the global history of outdoor activities in the Age of Empire by focusing on masculinities, a field that has received renewed attention from scholars. The premise of the special issue is that social constructions of masculinities in imperial settings functioned twofold. They operated simultaneously as methods to spread Western-colonial hegemonic values and as a means to expand territorial domains into far-off lands. In examining outdoor experiences, without taking the dominance of ‘imperial’ men over non-Europeans for granted, the contributions here presented develop an intersectional understanding of the conditions in which fashioning and self-perception of masculine roles were constantly contested and negotiated. Outdoor experiences, as seen in this special issue, were formative spaces of empire: while made possible thanks to the wide imperial networks in the colonial world, they existed on the margins of imperial rule. At the ‘frontier’ and in colonial battle-grounds, but also as leisure or free-time activities in transcultural contexts, outdoor experiences served to transform boys into men, and for men to test and perform hegemonic ideas of manhood and hence of imperial power. The essays are in two sections that highlight the dual processes of being and becoming ‘manly’ in the imperial outdoors. The first four contributions focus on archetypical roles of adult men in empires: the mountaineer, the hunter, the sportsman and the soldier. The second section approaches cases of scouting as formative spaces for boys in contexts of decolonisation in the early 1900s. The case-studies included in this special issue cover multiple imperial formations from the American Midwest, the Middle East to the British and Dutch Indies. These diverse cases serve to open up often Anglo-centric historiographies of gender and empire by emphasising the global momentum of new masculinities that were embedded in a trans-imperial fashion between ca. 1860 and 1960.

An Agonistic Perspective on the Challenge of Biodiversity Value Integration

The identity-laden conflict comprising clashing biodiversity values can hinder the integration of plural biodiversity values into policy. Until now, research on the elicitation and negotiation of biodiversity values approached this task by applying an economic or a deliberative model to guide the elicitation of values and transformation knowledge regarding their negotiation. However, both models have weaknesses in generating robust and transformative outcomes, which lie in their approach to dealing with identity conflicts and their related passions and affects. To address this gap, I explain how research has used both models and discuss how an agonistic model can improve the debate. I will show that current models highlight integrating and synergising values. In contrast, the agonistic model aims at eliciting distinctive values that challenge hegemonic values and the unsustainable status quo. Thereby, it implies dealing with and utilising passions and affects within the research process. Implications and operational suggestions for biodiversity value research applying the agonistic model are outlined. These include changes in the research structure, eliciting negative attributions and marginalised or missing values, and altered communication within group valuation settings. This article is relevant to researchers in biodiversity valuation and facilitators of value negotiations that aim to achieve value integration.

Chicana Graduate Students’ Decolonization and Healing from Educational White Supremacy: A Nepantlera Approach to their Scholarly Writing

Embedded misogyny and white supremacy in higher education have resulted in Chicana graduate students experiencing education-based traumas. Furthermore, hegemonic values related to what is considered “noteworthy” and “publishable” in academia are heavily influenced by racism, sexism, and misogyny, further oppressing Chicanas intending to pursue academic careers. Therefore, Chicanas’ journeys as graduate students and scholars must be understood within the context of their experiences with and methods of healing from educational white supremacy. Given our lived experiences as Chicana scholars, mujeristas, and poderosas, this article results from our commitment to supporting the healing and decolonizing of future Chicana scholars. Inspired by our respect and value of Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa’s (1942–2004) work, we developed a decolonized healing approach to academic writing centered on her Nepantla Theory. This article is structured into the following areas—first, we present the guiding theory of nepantla and subsequent nepantleras; next, we explore the influence of educational white supremacy on the academy, scholarship, and Chicana’s experiences as graduate students and scholars; and finally, we introduce a nepantla-inspired scholarship and writing (i.e., autohistoria, nos/otras, and bodymindspiritsoul) centered on decolonization, healing, and transformation to nepantleras. We end with recommendations and a message for future Chicana scholars.

Minor architectures, micro empires: women and the production of domestic space on the nineteenth-century Pacific 'Frontier'

This essay looks at three portraits of women as homemakers on the Pacific Northeast following British Columbia's 1873 accession to the Dominion of Canada, when colonial relationships were buttressed by legal and administrative means, and ideas and practices of the home were central to the spread of Victorian moral norms on the Canadian ‘frontier’. Colonial spatial notions of interiority and exteriority, relationships to the site, and object-regimes were negotiated in this intimate microcosm. The work of space-making that ‘frontier’ women presented in minor pictorial and literary genres was in itself a ‘minor architecture’ about finished form, or objecthood, and the perpetual negotiation of contradictory and unstable imperial spatial relationships which required reworking, reproducing, and redefining. These minor architectures' histories on the ‘frontier’ reveal architecture's power to weave hegemonic values into the very fabric of existence, as well as the fundamental interconnectedness of the identity of settler women and their labour.

Five Faces of Oppression in Ayesha Baqir's Beyond the Fields

This research article analyses Ayesha Baqir’s Beyond the Fields (2019) using Iris Young’s model of ‘Five Faces of Oppression’. Baqir’s novel highlights the oppressive ideology that forces women to be subservient to male hegemonic values, traditions, and honour. The novel is evaluated to demonstrate the ways through which men exert their powers over women. Young's model shows how women become oppressed and marginalized groups of society and exploited at the hands of cultural norms. This research article will be an effort to create awareness among Pakistani women to believe in themselves and to fight hard to get what is rightfully theirs. Moreover, it will also be an attempt to open doors for future researchers to analyze literary texts through which they can raise such issues of exploitation.

Women’s Reistance Against Hegemony In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Ahmad Tohari’s Bekisar Merah: A Comparative Study

Hegemony is a dominance treatment from one to another. This article tried to compare women’s resistance against hegemony from novels. Lasiyah, the protagonist in Bekisar Merah, and Hester Prynne, the protagonist in The Scarlet Letter, both encountered oppressive hegemonic values from their patriarchal societies, namely Javanese and Puritans. Using Hegemony and Comparative Literature theories, this research reveals the two protagonists' resistance to hegemonic values, which caused them to become new people with new personalities and identities. They were also reborn. Both women were motivated by similar factors, such as pride and dignity, to engage resistance. Women, who are generally regarded as weak and powerless, are, in fact, strong and powerful.

Mainstream Representations of Discrimination and Trauma in Queer Community

The rest of the nation frequently ignores the great heterogeneity of the Northeast while perpetuating absurd misconceptions about it. The "mainland" ignores the diversity within and among the peoples of the North-East, and as a result, the North-East is only seen to be the fringe of Indian culture. The lack of mainstream representation is a fundamental barrier to empowerment. By subtly endorsing hegemonic values, mainstream media caters only to a heteronormative and racially superior segment of society, thus marginalising the queer Northeastern individual. The stigma and trauma experienced by queer community viz, typical LGBTQ individual from the Northeast could encounter in the nation's largest cities. Ethnic and socioeconomic minorities are routinely disregarded in the creation of several important theories in trauma studies, such as those of Cathy Carruth and Kirby Farrell. This study examines how the Northeast's LGBT communities have been traumatised by systemic persecution over many generations. This study explores how systemic oppression over many generations has traumatised LGBT communities in the Northeast. It is arguable whether Trauma of the Northeastern Queer is an anthology of various, unique traumas or a single, common experience. One of the most diverse parts of the nation is the north-east. As a result, there are differences in the LGBT experience in the North-East. Although some tribes and communities in the North-East continue to foster virulent homophobia, others have evolved to be more accepting and tolerant. Yet, there has been a recent tendency towards advancement. To address the internalised trauma of queer communities within the geopolitical reality of the North-East, numerous support groups have emerged. In the current study, an investigation of the homosexual liberation movements in the area is also addressed.

Border, Development and Dispossessed Agency

ABSTRACT Every collective social and political action undertaken by citizens and non-citizens within the border spaces is a border act that can be illustrated through ample instances. The border act demonstrates people's collective and cooperative consciousness to sustain, construct, recreate, negotiate and resist borders. The border studies have focussed on the sustenance of the edge through surveillance systems, construction, and reconstruction of borders through symbolic tropes and meaning attribution by different sets of actors experiencing them spatially and temporally. The passivity of agency remains the sub-text in border studies. Long neglected in the border studies literature, the essay examines a different set of agentic actors – the dispossessed people – produced by the development processes and projects undertaken by the public and private companies to uplift the impoverished, underdeveloped regions and persons that became part of the internal border formation. The article illustrates how the internally dispossessed agencies’ contestation of the dominant and hegemonic value of development through their struggle against development projects initiated by the formal state and non-state actors retains the potential to change institutionalised behaviors to reclaim their rights to livelihood.

Making a “Hate-Watch”: Netflix’s Indian Matchmaking and the Stickiness of “Cringe Binge TV”

Netflix’s 2020 release Indian Matchmaking drew a massive backlash particularly from South Asian and diasporic audiences who felt it normalized the experiences associated with arranged marriages. Audiences took to the internet to express how much they loved hating the show but at the same time also continued to obsessively watch despite their reservations. My paper takes up this paradox of simultaneously loving and hating a media product. By drawing from interviews with the showrunner, members of the production team and a close reading of the show’s texts and paratexts, I argue that “hatewatching” or “cringe-binge” as a mode of spectatorship only seems an oppositional form of viewing or an act of resistance to the reification of dominant hegemonic values. Far from being a function of spectatorial agency, I demonstrate how the platforms utilize “hatewatching” as a lucrative form of viewership and consumer habit to cultivate stickiness for their content.

Negotiating Islamic Hegemony: A Case Study of Muslim LGBT in East Java, Indonesia

The research set out to investigate how Islamic hegemonic processes disseminate in society. It also tried to examine how LGBT individuals negotiate the tension and navigate their behaviors of being Muslim and LGBT. In Indonesia, being a Muslim and LGBT was viewed as irreconcilable by the general public. Despite that, some people identified as both Muslim and LGBT. This posed a tension that needed to be addressed. The research distributed online forms across several social media to find willing participants. The online forms yielded seven different responses from people who identified as Muslims and LGBT, three of whom were willing to participate in follow-up interviews. The willing participants were then personally interviewed in informal settings using Zoom video calls due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The interviews were semi-structured, and they were carried out over the course of four weeks. The research drew on concepts such as cultural hegemony and ideological state apparatuses as conceptual frameworks to guide the research and the interviews. The findings suggest that family and education are the two most influential hegemonic instruments in instilling Islamic hegemonic values in the participants. The research also finds that the respondents perform unique distinct negotiation strategies according to their personal beliefs and values on social and spiritual levels.

Testimonios in the mouth of the dragon: A call for Black liberation in psychology.

U.S. society has witnessed and experienced the impact and suffering caused by the racial pandemic within the COVID-19 viral pandemic. In response to anti-Blackness, a multigenerational and multiracial movement of people is rising and demanding justice for Black lives. Using testimonio research and Liberation Psychology as a theoretical framework, the authors describe their current understanding of what it means to practice a more responsible resistance to racist power structures as non-Black Latinas in the field of psychology. Braun and Clarke's (2016) thematic analysis (TA) was used to search for patterns of meaning within the authors' testimonios. Results revealed four themes: (a) to "hold the line" means to struggle for Black liberation, (b) confront anti-Blackness and colonial mentality in the self and community, (c) challenge anti-Blackness within the field of psychology, and (d) collective struggle. The third theme was divided into two subthemes: (a) tear down and (b) center Black lives. The testimonios emphasize that practicing allyship involves being a dissenter who questions and challenges colonial mentality and anti-Blackness, who fights for the abolition of racist policies and power systems, and who moves beyond the hegemonic values that exist in the field of psychology. This study presents the use of testimonio research and Liberation Psychology as suitable tools for psychologists to increase their racial consciousness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Non-criminal murders: A sociological essay about the use of self-defence in Argentina

This article seeks to examine the use of the figure of self-defence in the practices of the Buenos Aires criminal justice system. As we will show with the analysis of some paradigmatic cases, through the use of this exceptional figure, this criminal justice system produces certain murders as non-criminal acts to, paradoxically, safeguard individual life as a hegemonic value. Moreover, we will observe that the use of this legal figure reveals that killings to protect private property may not have a criminal character either. This in turn suggests that private property is also a hegemonic value for this criminal justice system, and that the allegedly supremacy of individual life over private property in its value scale should be at least questioned.