Mobility Of Heavy Metals Research Articles

Crop Cultivation Reshapes Soil Microbiomes to Drive Heavy Metal Mobilization in Restored Mining Areas

Crop Cultivation Reshapes Soil Microbiomes to Drive Heavy Metal Mobilization in Restored Mining Areas

Carbon Mineralization of Sulfate Wastes Containing Pb: Synchrotron Pb M3-Edge XANES Analysis of Simultaneous Heavy Metal and Carbon Sequestration.

Sulfate wastes are produced in large quantities and contain toxic heavy metals such as lead (Pb), posing environmental risks. Because of favorable solubility differences, these wastes can be repurposed for engineered carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Understanding the fate and mobility of heavy metals during this process is important. This study focuses on Pb and the effect of zinc (Zn) on Pb in carbon mineralization. Synthesized gypsum was treated with a carbonate-rich solution at pH 11.5 to convert the sulfates to carbonates. Aqueous solutions and mineral solids were analyzed. Synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence and a novel application of Pb M3-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure provided detailed insights into Pb distribution and mineral forms. Results showed significant reductions in aqueous Pb and Zn concentrations, indicating effective metal sequestration. Carbon mineralization transformed Pb from soluble anglesite (PbSO4) into insoluble cerussite (PbCO3) and hydrocerussite (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2). Pb primarily precipitated onto calcium carbonate surfaces through surface-mediated precipitation reactions. While the presence of Zn modified crystallization dynamics, it did not impede Pb sequestration and potentially enhanced surface reactivity, facilitating greater Pb immobilization. These findings highlight carbon mineralization as a sustainable approach to immobilize toxic metals in sulfate wastes while advancing CO2 sequestration efforts.

How aging microplastics influence heavy metal environmental fate and bioavailability: A systematic review.

How aging microplastics influence heavy metal environmental fate and bioavailability: A systematic review.

Molecular-level insights of microplastic-derived soluble organic matter and heavy metal interactions in different environmental occurrences through EEM-PARAFAC and FT-ICR MS.

Molecular-level insights of microplastic-derived soluble organic matter and heavy metal interactions in different environmental occurrences through EEM-PARAFAC and FT-ICR MS.

Effect of biochar type on planting media with different heavy metal containments of Pb, Cd, And Cr on growth, results and quality of padi results (Oryza Sativa L.)

Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils has become a serious issue, especially in paddy fields located in the downstream of Tukad Badung River, Bali. This study aimed to analyze the effect of biochar types on growing media with heavy metal content of Pb, Cd, and Cr on growth, yield, and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The planting medium was taken from heavy metal polluted soil in the region. The biochar used came from rice straw and husk, coconut husk and shell, and fruit and vegetable waste. The research was conducted using a one-factor randomized group design (RAK) with 27 treatment combinations (3 types of heavy metals × 3 types of biochar × 3 replications). The results showed that coir and coconut shell biochar gave the best effect in reducing heavy metal mobility in soil and increasing rice yield, with a 40% reduction in grain heavy metal content. In conclusion, biochar is an effective and environmentally friendly solution to mitigate heavy metal contaminated soil and increase agricultural productivity.

Acid sulfate soils: formation, identification, environmental impacts, and sustainable remediation practices.

Acid sulfate soils (ASS) are prevalent and provide significant environmental hazards due to their capacity to produce high acidity when exposed to oxygen. This study offers a thorough summary of the development, identification, environmental effects, and sustainable remediation techniques for ASS. These soils generally form under anaerobic circumstances in coastal, estuary, and low-lying inland areas, where sulfide minerals build over time. Upon disturbance, ASS emits sulfuric acid, resulting in acidification, mobilization of heavy metals, deterioration of water quality, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of ecosystem services. Identifying ASS by chemical, mineralogical, and geographical methodologies is crucial for alleviating their effects. Sustainable remediation solutions encompass regulated drainage, groundwater management, and organic amendments to improve soil-buffering capacity and facilitate sulfate reduction. Moreover, new advancements in bioremediation, including microbial-assisted sulfate reduction, demonstrate potential for enduring soil stability. Notwithstanding continuous advancements, efficient ASS administration necessitates a cohesive strategy that amalgamates scientific inquiry with pragmatic field implementation. This review emphasizes the necessity for multidisciplinary collaboration to create adaptable, site-specific solutions that mitigate environmental concerns while promoting sustainable land use. This study enhances the management of ASS in fragile ecosystems by addressing critical information deficiencies and investigating new remediation strategies.

Heavy metals in the Ulyuk-Bar gold deposit soils (Southern Urals)

The assessment of the leptosols composition and the increased concentrations of heavy metals in them at the Ulyuk-Bar gold deposit was carried out. The mineral components of the soils are represented by quartz, illite, kaolinite, goethite and iron-manganese nodules. The minerals concentrating of As, which represents the greatest potential danger in the deposit and exceeding (maximum allowable concentration) MAC by 159.5 times, are goethite, and rarely kaolinite. The chemical composition of soils is close to that of soil-forming sandstones. In general, in the process of soil formation, accumulation or minor removal occurs for most elements. The contents of As, Co, Pb, K, Zr, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni exceed сlark for continental soils. The degree of mobility for soil elements decreases in the range Sb (46.25) – Ca (36.84) – S (31.48) – Sr (27.91) – Mn (15.38) – Pb (8.84) – Ba (5.41) – Mg (2.88) – Zn (2.70) – Ni (1.70) – P (1.55) – Cu (0.76) – Cr (0.45) – Si (0.42) – K (0.39) – Na (0.20) – Al (0.07) – Fe (0.05) – Co (0.05); Ti, V, Zr, As are immobile. The mobile forms of Mn are 2.22 times higher, the gross contents of S are 3.71 times higher than the MAC. Concentrations of heavy metals such as Fe, Mn, Sr, Ba and Cr in soil ammonium acetate extracts increase with increasing alkalinity of the salt extract, and Zn, Cu, Pb and Sb − acidity. To prevent the mobility of heavy metals to an environmentally sustainable level, an effective reclamation program should include a set of methods for selecting the optimal ratios of chemicals added to the soil.

Sediment heavy metal speciation of Hirakud Reservoir-a Ramsar site in Mahanadi River in India.

Heavy metal speciation is an important tool for the assessment of sediment quality. This work was conducted to investigate the geochemical occurrence, distribution, and spatial variability of sediment heavy metals in the Hirakud Reservoir (a Ramsar site) of the Mahanadi River in India. Estimation based on a single-extraction (speciation) method revealed the dominance of Fe-Mn-bound (39.33%) fractions suggesting the potential mobility of heavy metals. Co-dominance of residual (35.03%) and organic matter-sulfide (23.02%) fractions indicate lattice-bound associations of elements under natural conditions and suggest anthropogenic organic input contribution respectively. The heavy metals distribution was spatially affected (p < 0.05). While, Ag, Cd, Hg, and Mo displayed extremely severe enrichment (EF > 50) and very strong geo-accumulation conditions (Igeo > 5); Cd and Hg displayed very high ecological risk (ERF > 320). However, the contamination factor for all heavy metals except Cd and Hg showcased low contamination (CF < 1). The principal component and cluster analysis revealed that the source of Mn, Mo, Hg, and Ag was mainly from anthropogenic or biogenic origin. The Fe and Al however displayed signs of being derived from multiple sources. However, the risk assessment code (RAC) results suggest that As exhibited a medium to very high risk (11 < RAC < 30) of bio-availability. Thus, the results of this study can be used for the formulation of strategies for the reduction of anthropogenic loads, planning for sediment quality management, and regular monitoring to curb the rising pollution issues of the reservoir.

Assessment of Content and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Soils of Technogenic Landscapes (on the Example of Gorlovskoye Anthracite Deposit, Novosibirsk Region)

Assessment of Content and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Soils of Technogenic Landscapes (on the Example of Gorlovskoye Anthracite Deposit, Novosibirsk Region)

The tungsten tailings remediation by soilless plant establishment: Varied aggregation structure, heavy metal mobilization, and microbial community structure

The tungsten tailings remediation by soilless plant establishment: Varied aggregation structure, heavy metal mobilization, and microbial community structure

Insights into the role of dissolved organic matter derived from paddy soils with different parent materials in the environmental behavior of heavy metal adsorbed by ferrihydrite.

Insights into the role of dissolved organic matter derived from paddy soils with different parent materials in the environmental behavior of heavy metal adsorbed by ferrihydrite.

Compositions and concentrations of dissolved organic matter, selected elements and anions in German drinking waters.

Compositions and concentrations of dissolved organic matter, selected elements and anions in German drinking waters.

Dynamic responses and adsorption mechanisms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii extracellular polymeric substances under Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exposure.

Dynamic responses and adsorption mechanisms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii extracellular polymeric substances under Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exposure.

The effects of remediation under different substrate conditions and environmental behavior of heavy metals

This study analyzed changes in physicochemical properties of the soil under various substrate conditions, as well as the interactions between ryegrass and heavy metals. Results indicated that biochar significantly improved soil physicochemical properties, such as an increase in electrical conductivity by 34.8%, enhancement of pH from 7.13 to 7.32, and augmentation in organic matter by 152%. Moreover, readily available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increased by 237% and 122% respectively, while soil cation exchange capacity rose by 135%. This contributes to plant growth and the maintenance of soil fertility. The biochar addition also led to a decrease in the proportion of fine soil particles by 20%, significantly enhancing structure and stability of soil aggregates and promoting the formation of larger aggregates, crucial for improving soil aeration, water retention, and root permeability. The addition of biochar notably altered the chemical forms of heavy metals in soil, promoting their transformation from bioavailable forms to more stable and less toxic forms, effectively reducing the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals, and decreasing their environmental toxicity. The addition of biochar, by changing the chemical forms of heavy metals, not only enhanced germination rate of ryegrass seeds but also improved the overall growth state of ryegrass.

The effects of amendments on cd and pb under different fertilizer application conditions

Fertilizer application is a common agricultural practice that enhances soil fertility but can also increase heavy metal mobility in contaminated soils. This study used a pot experiment with four vegetables (water spinach, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, and garland chrysanthemum) to evaluate the impact of BC, ZE, and their combination (CO) on Cd and Pb levels under different fertilization schemes. Results showed that CO treatment significantly enhanced enzyme activities, increasing urease by 2.6–31.6% and catalase by 1.37–14.24% under varying fertilizer conditions. However, sucrase activity increased only with compound fertilizers. The use of compound fertilizers alone raised Cd and Pb levels in vegetable shoots by 0.65 mg·kg⁻¹ and 12.76 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively, while the CO amendment effectively mitigated these increases. BCR sequential extraction indicated that BC and CO shifted Cd and Pb into more stable soil fractions, reducing their bioavailability. Specifically, CO reduced Pb accumulation in shoots by 24.8–49.7%, with BC showing particular efficacy in reducing Cd levels. These findings highlight that BC and ZE, particularly in combination, offer an effective strategy for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soils in agricultural systems, especially when chemical fertilizers are used.

Chelation Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease: Fact or Fiction?

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is responsible for 690,000 deaths a year, a leading cause of mortality worldwide. CAD results from cholesterol plaque buildup in arteries. Chelation therapy, which uses ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to remove toxic metals from the bloodstream, has been explored as an alternative treatment for atherosclerotic CAD. While the 2013 Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) trial showed modest cardiovascular benefits, particularly in patients with diabetes, subsequent studies such as TACT2 did not confirm its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Adverse effects of chelation therapy could include renal dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and potential complications from heavy metal mobilization that could be fatal. Still, none of these were seen in TACT or TACT2.

Use of EDTA and CaCl2 Extraction Methods to Predict the Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Soils Polluted with Microplastics.

Microplastic (MP) contamination in soil is an emerging environmental concern, influencing the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs). This study investigates how different MP types (PP, PS, PVC, HDPE, LDPE, PES, and PET-Glitter) affect HM behavior in soil, focusing on sorption/desorption, and the extraction efficiency of Pb, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, and Cd. Soil samples incubated with MPs showed significant pH increases, particularly with PES and HDPE at 0.8 and 0.6 pH units, respectively. The extraction experiments using 0.05 M EDTA and 0.01 M CaCl2 revealed that MPs altered metal bioavailability-with HDPE reducing Pb mobility by 15%-and increased Cd and Co mobility by 10-20%. The batch sorption tests confirmed higher Pb adsorption onto HDPE but decreased Cd and Co sorption compared to control soils without MP. These findings demonstrate that MPs act as additional sorption sites, modifying metal speciation and availability, which has critical implications for soil health, agricultural sustainability, and remediation strategies. However, results may vary based on soil type, MP aging, and environmental conditions, indicating the need for further long-term field studies. This research provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between MPs, heavy metals, and soil systems, contributing to a better understanding of pollution dynamics and risk assessment in contaminated environments.

Efficacy of bentonite/iron-coated sand as a sediment stabilizer in controlling cadmium, lead, zinc, and arsenic release determined using the diffusive gradients in thin film technology.

Efficacy of bentonite/iron-coated sand as a sediment stabilizer in controlling cadmium, lead, zinc, and arsenic release determined using the diffusive gradients in thin film technology.

Ecological and health risk assessments of heavy metal contamination in soils surrounding a coal power plant

Ecological and health risk assessments of heavy metal contamination in soils surrounding a coal power plant

Harnessing the rhizosphere sponge to smooth pH fluctuations and stabilize contaminant retention in biofiltration system.

Harnessing the rhizosphere sponge to smooth pH fluctuations and stabilize contaminant retention in biofiltration system.