Heavy Metals In Groundwater Research Articles

Mercury Levels in Groundwater near Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mines in Migori County, Kenya

In Migori County, artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is an economic activity that uses mercury during the amalgamation process to obtain gold. The waste generated in the form of soil tailings and pan-pond water contains mercury and is located close to community boreholes. The proximity may predispose groundwater to mercury contamination. Boreholes are one of the main water sources in Migori County. Ingestion is one of the ways mercury can get into the human body. This study was conducted to establish mercury concentration in groundwater from boreholes, soil tailings and pan-pond water located near five mine sites in Migori County during dry and wet seasons in comparison with drinking water standards required by KEBS and NEMA effluents discharge standards. The five mines were: -Masara, Osiri Matanda, Macalder, Kitere and Kehancha. The study used a cross-sectional-analytical study design and focused on boreholes found within a distance of 6 km from each of the five mines. Fifteen boreholes were proportionately sampled to obtain groundwater samples. 20 pan-pond water and soil tailing samples were collected in both dry and wet seasons as per the respective sampling protocols applied. Inductively Coupled Plasma –Mass Spectroscopy (7900 ICP-MS) was used to measure mercury levels. A paired t-test was used to compare the means of the levels of mercury in groundwater obtained within the two seasons. The study established that during the dry season, all of the boreholes had groundwater mercury levels higher than the recommended limit by KEBS of 0.001 mg/L. There was a decrease in the levels of mercury in groundwater as distances from the mine increased. However, during the wet season, all of the boreholes had mercury levels below the limit of detection. The study established a significant difference in the levels of mercury in groundwater between wet and dry seasons at a 95% confidence level. Mercury levels in soil tailings and pan-pond water were above the NEMA effluents discharge standards of 0.05 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/L, respectively, in the dry season. During the wet season, all pan-pond water achieved the recommended mercury level of NEMA effluent discharge limits, while the soil tailings had mercury levels above the recommended limit. This study recommends that there is a need to implement mine waste remediation. Communities near the mines continuously conduct groundwater heavy metal analysis during the dry season to protect their health

Detection of heavy metals using atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy in drinking water of Faisalabad, Pakistan: microbial safety and quality status assessment

Synthetic dyes from textile industries are designated as hazardous waste since they release heavy metals and dangerous contaminants in water that harm the environment and human health. The current study was aimed at investigating the heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr, and Mn) in drinking water in seven regions of Faisalabad, Pakistan, through atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The physicochemical quality of 86.36% of the water samples met the WHO standards in the targeted regions, while 13.64% failed to meet the criteria. The water quality index (WQI) of selected water samples was calculated by integrating 11 physicochemical parameters, and the results indicated fair quality, whereas Madina, Jinnah, and Lyallpur Town showed poor water quality with contamination of Mn > Ni > Pb. The order of contamination for heavy metals in groundwater was Ni > Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb > Mn > Cd. The total plate count (TPC) and total coliform count (TCC) were found within the permissible range of WHO guidelines. Hence, consuming groundwater in the research regions may not present major health risks due to ingested metal toxicity; however, levels of Mn, Ni, and Pb might pose risks.

A Review of Heavy Metal Migration and Its Influencing Factors in Karst Groundwater, Northern and Southern China

With the substantial increase in karst groundwater pollution, the pollution caused by heavy metal migration has become one of the hottest topics. The migration characteristics of heavy metals in karst groundwater are closely related to the geological environment in which they are found. Therefore, this review focuses on the migration characteristics of heavy metals in karst groundwater in southern and northern China and highlights the effect of different environmental contexts such as atmosphere (precipitation), vegetation, soil, rock, and aquifers on the behavior of heavy metals. It also summarizes existing research methods on heavy metal migration in karst groundwater. Meanwhile, current advances and the future perspectives on karst groundwater heavy metal migration will be presented. It is hoped that this review may shed light on the study of heavy metal migration in karst areas.

Contributions of heavy metals on Underground Water quality of Dumpsite in Rukpokwu, Rivers State, Nigeria

Waste dump sites have constituted major challenge to ground water quality in neighbouring environment. This study was carried out to assess the contributions of heavy metals in groundwater from abandoned Rukpokwu dumpsite after a 6-month use. Samples were collected and immediately transferred to the laboratory for standard analysis. The values of parameters of water samples pH ranged from 7.02 – 6.98. were quite below the WHO and NSDWQ limits. Conductivity ranged from 42.73- 19.91, TDS ranged from 10.76 -44.56, Turbidity ranged from 3.87 – 20.02, BOD ranged from 0.92 – 2.90, COD ranged from 1.74 – 3.21, Fe., ranged from 0.02 – 1.13, Zn ranged from 0.00 – 0.19, Cu ranged from 0.00 – 0.14,Pb, Cd and Cr were not detected in all the water samples. This might be that the contaminants could not migrate to the water table or aquifer within the period of use and study of the dumpsite.

Hydrogeochemical Analysis and Heavy Metals in Groundwater Using the WQI and HPI Methods for Sanitation Hygiene Needs in East Belitung Regency

Hydrogeochemical Analysis and Heavy Metals in Groundwater Using the WQI and HPI Methods for Sanitation Hygiene Needs in East Belitung Regency

Source Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Groundwater of Shijiazhuang, a Typical City in North China Plain

Increasing attention has been paid to the heavy metal pollution in groundwater. The source analysis and risk assessment of heavy metals will provide data and method support for the targeted control of heavy metal pollution in groundwater. In this study, 20 sampling sites were selected in Shijiazhuang City. The APCS-MLR model and health risk model were applied to analyze and evaluate the pollution sources and health risks of 10 types of heavy metals in the groundwater of Shijiazhuang. The results showed that ① the mean concentration of heavy metals in groundwater followed the order of Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>Al>Pb>Cr>As>Cd>Hg, and the mean ρ(Fe) and ρ(Pb) were 260.3 μg·L-1 and 10.01 μg·L-1, respectively. According to the results of the single factor and Nemerow index, Pb, Fe, and Cd primarily contributed to the heavy metal pollution in the groundwater. ② The concentration of heavy metals ranged from 47.30 to 2560 μg·L-1. In terms of spatial distribution, the highest concentration appeared at S3 (2560 μg·L-1), whereas the lowest concentration was at S9 (47.30 μg·L-1). ③ Source analysis results showed that industrial and agricultural activities, transportation emission, and geological background were the major heavy metal sources, among which the contribution of industrial and agricultural activities was the highest (47.83%). ④ The industrial-agricultural activities posed a potential threat to adults (HI>1); however, the non-cancer and the cancer risks of other sources for both adults and children were at an acceptable level (HI<1) and potential threat level, respectively; industrial-agricultural activities were the major source of non-cancer (adults:52.46%, children:52.45%) and cancer risks (adults:65.22%, children:65.69%), among which Cd and As showed high cancer risk. Therefore, to ensure the safety of the groundwater environment, strictly controlling the pollution sources and further strengthening the risk control of heavy metal pollution in groundwater are necessary.

Design and Fabrication of Flexible Paper-Based, Electrochemical Sensors to Detect the Presence of Heavy Metals in Ground Water

The history of mining and mineral extraction across the Navajo Nation has resulted in considerable contamination of the land and the groundwater resources, which is a significant environmental concern. Through a partnership between Navajo Technical University and Harvard University, we have designed and fabricated flexible, paper-based sensors in tandem with electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and anodic stripping voltammetry to determine heavy metal concentrations in test samples. We have selected to fabricate paper-based electrochemical sensors because; they are low-cost, easy to make, environmentally friendly, and can be deployed for field testing across the Navajo Nation. Furthermore, the linear electrochemical response and sensitivity of these electrodes, for detecting heavy metals, makes them well suited for real-time sensors in field-testing applications.

Evaluating natural background levels of heavy metals in shallow groundwater of the Pearl River Delta via removal of contaminated groundwaters: Comparison of three preselection related methods

Assessing natural background levels (NBLs) in groundwater is a global concern. Knowledge on groundwater NBLs in urbanized areas is challenging due to the impact of complex human activities. Preselection related methods are common ones for assessing groundwater NBLs. The present study used three preselection related methods to assess groundwater heavy metals (lead, zinc, barium) NBLs in four groundwater units of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) where urbanization continues, and to identify the best one for assessing groundwater NBLs in urbanized areas. Here, methods include a preselection method (method–P), a preselection dominated method (method–PD), and a statistic dominated method (method–SD). Results showed that the method–PD was better than other two methods for assessing groundwater NBLs of heavy metals in the PRD. This is supported by the evidence that differences among heavy metals concentrations in various land-use types in residual datasets formed by the method–PD were insignificant. NBLs of lead in groundwater units I to IV assessed by the method–PD were 2.8 μg/L, 5.9 μg/L, 5.8 μg/L, and 2.6 μg/L, respectively. NBLs of zinc in groundwater units I to IV assessed by the method–PD were 30 μg/L, 180 μg/L, 160 μg/L, and 100 μg/L, respectively. NBLs of barium in groundwater units I to IV assessed by the method–PD were 120 μg/L, 120 μg/L, 90 μg/L, and 50 μg/L, respectively. Compared to the method–PD, the method–SD often underestimates groundwater NBLs of heavy metals because of using the experiential evaluation for residual datasets. The method–P also has an inaccurate evaluation of groundwater NBLs of heavy metals in comparison with the method–PD, owing to both of using the experiential evaluation and the absence of a function for outliers test. The method–P combining with an outliers test would be better than itself for assessing groundwater NBLs. Therefore, the method–PD is the first choice to be recommended for assessing groundwater NBLs in urbanized areas such the PRD. However, this method should not be taken into account for assessing groundwater NBLs in areas where groundwater Cl/Br mass ratios are invalid. Instead, the method–SD and the method–P combining with one outliers test may be choices, because no constraint for these two methods.

Water quality and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater of Ranbir Singh Pura tehsil of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Groundwater is one of the important sources available for drinking, agricultural, domestic, and various other purposes in the study area. Study area is having agricultural importance and is famous for Basmati rice production in the world. In order to assess water suitability for irrigation and drinking purposes, 25 sampling sites were selected and water samples were collected from handpumps, borewells and motors from May 2022 to June 2022. Fifteen physico-chemical parameters and water quality index (WQI) was calculated to assess the drinking water suitability. The results obtained then compared with the BIS (2012) and WHO drinking water guidelines. For irrigation water suitability, irrigation water quality index (IWQI) and other indices were calculated. Heavy metal health risk assessment was also evaluated using target hazard quotient (THQ), carcinogenic risks (CR), non-carcinogenic risks, heavy metal pollution index (HPI), etc. Study found 60% of water samples under poor category of WQI. All water samples were found suitable for irrigation purposes according to different indices except for permeability index for which only 32% samples were found suitable. IWQI classifies 52%, 32%, and 12% of water samples under moderate, low, and no restriction category respectively. Groundwater of the study area found to be contaminated with copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) while low contamination of zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As) was found according to heavy metal evaluation index (HEI). High contamination of chromium (HPI= 9740.8) and lead (HPI=188) was recorded as per HPI. HQ value for men, women, and children in case of zinc were found safe while HQ values for copper and lead in all population groups were found at risk. Overall, the study area was found highly contaminated with the lead, copper, and chromium concentrations. Thus, study recommends regular monitoring of the groundwater of study area as well as treatment before using this water for drinking purposes.

Spatial distribution of heavy metals in groundwater around automobile workshops in a popular Niger-Delta University town, Nigeria

The research was carried out to assess the concentration and distribution of heavy metals in groundwater from selected automobile workshops in Ozoro metropolis, a busy university town, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The major activities carried out in the sampled automobile workshops include vehicle maintenance, painting, panel beating and fabrication. Nine (9) groundwater samples from the automobile workshops and one control sample 2 km away from the influence area were analyzed. Heavy metal concentration, contamination factor, and pollution loading indices were investigated using geostatistical modeling and statistical analysis tools. Heavy metal concentrations in the various samples were determined in accordance with the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) International guidelines. Findings obtained from the study revealed that the groundwater was affected by leachates from the automobile workshops, as the heavy metal levels in the groundwater from the sampling sites were considerably higher than the reference point. The concentration ranges (mg/L) of the heavy metals were Cd (0.0217–0.0412), Cr (0.0643–0.0901), Cu (0.0599–0.0803), Fe (0.3118–0.4171), and Pb (0.1423–0.1781). The spatial distribution maps showed that the metals spread unevenly across the study area. The pollution indices revealed that groundwater from the sampling sites is moderately polluted with heavy metals and the trend of the pollution load index (PLI) is Cd > Ni > Cu > Mn > Pb > Zn > Fe. Comparing the results with those of international regulatory bodies, the groundwater from the study area was found to still be within the approved range for potable water. However, there is evidence of slight contamination due to the activities of the automobile workshops. This may call for minor treatment before usage, regular monitoring and ensuring that the artisans comply with relevant regulations in their operations.

Research Progress of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron in Removal of Heavy Metals From Groundwater

Groundwater heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious, receiving widespread attention. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is one of the commonly used in situ remediation technologies for groundwater heavy metal pollution. Currently, it has been widely used in engineering practice. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an emerging remediation material with broad application prospects for groundwater heavy metal pollution. This article summarizes different types of PRB and methods for preparing nZVI. It also introduces the different modifications and effects of nZVI, and elaborates on the relevant problems that need to be overcome in the engineering application of nZVI. This study believes that seeking more affordable modification methods and environmentally friendly modification materials are key issues that need to be addressed in the future.

Priority control factors for heavy metal groundwater contamination in peninsula regions based on source-oriented health risk assessment

Peninsula regions in China face serious environmental issues, such as heavy metal (HM) groundwater contamination. However, attempts to investigate the pollution sources and health risks of HM contamination in such regions require considerable resources and costs. Moreover, the priority control factors for groundwater HMs remain unclear. In this study, absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR) was used to quantify the groundwater pollution sources of typical peninsular areas in China, and a health risk assessment (HRA) was performed to assess the health risks caused by different sources. The results showed that the concentrations of Mn and Fe were higher than those of other HMs, and HM pollution was high in shallow groundwater. The dominant source of HMs in groundwater was agricultural activities (31.12 %), followed by natural sources (26.33 %), industrial activities (22.47 %), and atmospheric deposition (20.09 %). The non-carcinogenic risks to residents were acceptable, whereas the carcinogenic risks were high. Agricultural sources, atmospheric deposition sources, and Cr and As were identified as the priority control factors for HM groundwater contamination. This study has implications for improving the control of groundwater HM contamination in peninsula regions and ensuring sustainable groundwater development.

Distribution, pollution levels, and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater in the main pepper production area of China

Abstract Heavy metal pollution of groundwater can have severe potential impacts on human health and the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution, pollution, and health risk of heavy metals in groundwater in the main pepper production area of China. A total of 67 groundwater samples were collected, and the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) elements were analyzed. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn in groundwater are lower than the limits of the Standard for Groundwater Quality of China (Class III). However, the maximum concentrations of Mn, Cd, and Ni surpass the Standard for Groundwater Quality of China. The spatial distribution patterns of the concentrations and pollution levels of the six heavy metals in groundwater to be substantially heterogeneous. Furthermore, the pollution level of heavy metals in groundwater decrease in the following order: Mn &gt; Cd &gt; Ni &gt; Cr &gt; Zn &gt; Cu, and the collected groundwater samples are found to be slightly polluted by heavy metals. Overall, the non-carcinogenic risk of the investigated metals, instigated primarily by oral ingestion of groundwater, are found to be higher than the acceptable range for children, and Cd poses the most significant health risk among the investigated metals.

Occurrence of bisphenol A, nonylphenol, octylphenol and heavy metals in groundwater from selected communities in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) such as bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP) and heavy metals in drinking water supply represent a significant threat to human health. In Nigeria, little is known about the presence of EDs in various environmental media. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of BPA, NP and OP in groundwater samples from selected communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from 30 different sites (26 hand-dug wells, 2 boreholes and 2 spring water sources), 15 from each of Ibadan North-West (IbNW) and Ido Local Government Area (LGA). Samples were collected in triplicate from all the sampling points and analysed for BPA, NP, OP and physicochemical parameters (including heavy metals) using a standard procedure. Bisphenol A and octylphenol were not detected in any samples, while NP was detected in spring water and the concentration (0.00279 mg/L) was less than the maximum allowable limit (0.015 mg/L). All (100.0%) boreholes in IbNW and 100.0% of the springs in Ido LGA showed iron concentrations that exceeded the permissible limit. There is a need for public awareness on the health risk of EDs in drinking water supply and appropriate preventive measures to be adopted.

Strategic Monitoring of Groundwater Quality Around Olusosun Landfill in Lagos State for Pollution Reduction and Environmental Sustainability

As urbanization and population increase in the megacity, there is a need for engineering intervention and strategic monitoring of groundwater around landfills for environmental sustainability, pollution reduction and public health. This study evaluated water’s physical and chemical parameters in wells and boreholes near the Olusosun landfill in Lagos State to determine how they impact groundwater quality. An Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) was used to evaluate groundwater samples obtained from five locations within the dump site. Some water parameters, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and magnesium (Mg), had concentrations that were higher than the WHO, NESREA, and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) standard limits in some sampling sites, with mean concentrations of 0.33 mg.L-1, 0.04 mg.L-1, 0.74 mg.L-1, and 0.74 mg.L-1, respectively. A small amount of lead was identified in the groundwater of the study area. A major source of air and groundwater pollution, the Olusosun landfill has a detrimental impact on the health of those who live there. Solid waste, groundwater interactions, and contaminated migration into the nearby neighbourhood were studied. It was observed that the degradation of waste products in dump sites releases harmful leachate into the groundwater. Even though some heavy metal concentrations in the study area are still within WHO, NESREA, and NSDWQ standard limits, investigations and further monitoring should be conducted regularly to assess the concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater.

A study on the removal of heavy metals in groundwater by Alginate-cellulose beads

A study on the removal of heavy metals in groundwater by Alginate-cellulose beads

Environmental contamination characteristics of heavy metals from abandoned lead–zinc mine tailings in China

China holds large-scale lead–zinc mineral resources; however, mining activities often cause severe contamination by heavy metals. This study systemically assessed contamination by eight heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, Ni, and As) in mine tailings, soil, and groundwater from 27 contaminated sites across China. Regarding mine tailings, 1% of the mine tailing samples were hazardous waste and 20% were class II non-hazardous waste. Regarding soil, Zn and Pb showed the highest mean concentrations, at 5574.67 mg/kg and 2034.88 mg/kg, respectively. The indexes of geo-accumulation (Igeo) of eight heavy metals ranged from −3.62 to 7.67, while Zn, Pb, and Cd showed the highest environmental risk levels as the priority pollutants. The contamination levels of these heavy metals in groundwater were generally in the order of Zn&amp;gt;As&amp;gt;Pb&amp;gt;Ni&amp;gt;Cd&amp;gt;Cu&amp;gt;Hg&amp;gt;Cr. In this study, 20% of the soil and 10% of the groundwater samples exceeded the corresponding quality limits. The content of heavy metals in soil, groundwater, and mine tailing were positively correlated, demonstrating the main pollution source and transport paths. The pollution levels of heavy metals in soil and groundwater were listed in the foremost and moderate positions compared with similar sites from other countries, respectively. These results may help determine the pollution levels of lead–zinc mining regions and direct the remediation activities of target sites to support the environmental management of abandoned mining and tailing waste in China.

Soil Based Adsorption Media for Permeable Reactive Barriers to Adsorb Lead (Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;) &amp; Cadmium (Cd&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;)

Groundwater contamination is one of the predominant environmental problems in Sri Lanka and it is suspected as one of the unseen factors of the country’s widespread kidney disease. Heavy metals Cadmium (Cd2+) and Lead (Pb2+) are two potentially harmful contaminants found in polluted groundwater samples in Sri Lanka. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is an on-site, costeffective and efficient groundwater heavy metal remediation technique. However, the effectiveness of the PRB system is highly dependent on the characteristics of the reactive materials being used. Accordingly, Rendzina soil (Hunugala series), Reddish Brown earth soil (Nonagama series), Reddish brown latosolic soil (Melsiripura series), and Bog Soil (Wagura series) were selected based on the basic soil properties which were found by previous researchers. Sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, and Procter compaction tests were carried out to determine the physical properties of the selected soils. The batch tests were carried out to determine the absorption rate of heavy metals, namely, Lead (Pb2+) and Cadmium (Cd2+), and to assess the effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration on the adsorption characteristics of the selected reactive materials. The results reveal that the Rendzima soil is the most suitable reactive material out of all the reactive materials tested.

Spatial and Multivariate Statistical Analyses of Human Health Risk Associated with the Consumption of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Monterrey Metropolitan Area, Mexico

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water supply in most urban environments around the world. The content of potentially toxic elements is increasing in many groundwater systems owing to inadequate groundwater recharge, aquifer overexploitation, natural source release, or various anthropogenic activities that lead to groundwater quality degradation. The ingestion of groundwater contaminated with potentially toxic elements has been reported to have harmful health effects. This study aimed to assess the presence of several potentially toxic elements (Al, As, B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in groundwater of the Monterrey metropolitan area in Northern Mexico and the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic human health risks associated with exposure. Multivariate statistics and geospatial analysis were applied to identify the causative determinants that modify the groundwater quality along the metropolitan area. Mean concentrations of trace metals remained below drinking water standards and World Health Organization guidelines. The risk of harmful effects on human health due to ingestion of all eight metal(loid)s in groundwater was assessed as 2.52 × 10−2 for adults and 2.16 × 10−2 for children, which can be considered as negligible chronic risk and a very low cancer risk. However, the risks of oral consumption of Cr being carcinogenic to children and adults were 7.9 × 10−3 and 9.2 × 10−4, respectively. As these values exceeded the target risk of 1 × 10−4, it can thus be considered “unacceptable”.

Physicochemical characteristics and heavy metals of groundwater during the wet and dry seasons at the Lafarge cement factory environment, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria

AbstractThis study examined the physical, chemical, and heavy metals in groundwater from boreholes and hand‐dug wells at the Lafarge cement factory environment at Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Water samples were obtained from 20 sampling locations during the wet and dry seasons of 2019. The 17 parameters determined include the pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, alkalinity, salinity, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, copper, lead, iron, and cadmium. The samples were analyzed using titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods. Correlation analysis was applied as part of the analytical tool in this study. The result indicated low physiochemical concentration of pH, total hardness, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, magnesium, calcium (&gt;1% to 15%), and electrical conductivity (&gt;1000 μS/cm) and fell within the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) and World Health Organization (WHO) desirable and maximum permissible limits for potable water during the wet and dry seasons. However, phosphate was above the standard limit for portable water of 6.5 mg/L in all sampling locations, whereas the total alkalinity was above the WHO standard limit (200 mg/L) in 12 locations in the wet seasons and a location in the dry season. Salinity was also above standards in one and four locations in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Lead and cadmium were not detected in most locations, whereas iron, lead, cadmium, and copper were above standard limits in some locations. A significant relationship exists between the heavy metals and some of the physiochemical parameters at p ≥ .05 and p ≥ .01. The polluted water in most locations is capable of resulting in an adverse health hazard. Thus, this study explains the effect of physicochemical and heavy metals on water management at Sagamu and is important for water resource planning.