Trace-level simultaneous monitoring of multiple heavy metal ions using AlScN-based flexible electrochemical sensor.

Photon, electron and charged particles attenuation characteristics of polyester composites reinforced with waste marble dust.

Development and characterization of MPGD-based transition radiation detectors

Water pollution, particularly from heavy metals, poses a critical threat to ecosystems and human health. This study integrates the CRISPR-Cas12a system with MOF-based bio-barcode technology to create a platform for the rapid, real-time and on-site detection of multiple heavy metal ions, demonstrating exceptional sensitivity and selectivity. The detection limits for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+ are 0.26 nM, 0.06 nM, and 0.80 nM, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis of real water samples confirmed the high accuracy and reliability of this method. Furthermore, a mobile phone-assisted portable device paired with a microfluidic chip facilitates real-time, rapid multi-channel metal ion detection in resource-limited settings.

Chitosan-based carbonaceous adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications.

Rapid and sequential removal of polyphenols and heavy metals from water by zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67)

Mesoporous titanium nitride thin film within the Gouy-Chapman-Stern framework for improved electrochemical sensing of heavy metal ions in environmental and agricultural systems

Superior and effective removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using molecularly imprinted polymer supported on Fe3O4@SiO2 as a novel nano adsorbent

Simultaneous detection of biologically relevant thiols and toxic heavy metal ions is important for biomedical analysis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Cysteine (Cys) is a key sulfur-containing amino acid involved in redox regulation, whereas mercury(II) (Hg2⁺) is a highly toxic pollutant that binds strongly to thiol groups. This Hg2⁺-thiol interaction provides a chemical basis for sequential Cys/Hg2⁺ sensing. However, many nanozyme-based optical assays rely on H₂O₂-dependent peroxidase-like activity, and the instability of H₂O₂ can compromise assay reproducibility and practical use. Here, we synthesized a core-shell Fe₃C@NC nanozyme through a two-step hydrothermal-calcination strategy. Fe₃C nanoparticles were encapsulated within a nitrogen-doped carbon shell to support stable oxidase-like catalysis. Fe₃C@NC catalyzed the H₂O₂-independent oxidation of o-phenylenediamine to fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine using dissolved oxygen. This reaction was coupled with Cys-mediated signal inhibition and Hg2⁺-induced signal recovery to construct a sequential ON-OFF-ON dual-readout platform. Cys suppressed fluorescence by scavenging reactive oxygen species, whereas Hg2⁺ restored the signal through coordination with the thiol group of Cys. The fluorescence detection limits were 28nM for Cys and 12nM for Hg2⁺. Smartphone-assisted RGB analysis enabled portable visual quantification and showed good consistency with fluorescence measurements. The method was validated in human serum, milk, and environmental water samples, giving satisfactory recoveries and acceptable precision. This work presents an H₂O₂-free Fe₃C@NC nanozyme platform that links oxidase-like OPD oxidation with thiol-mediated signal regulation, providing a simple strategy for sensitive laboratory analysis and portable visual detection in complex samples.

A renewable electrochemical sensor based on highly conductive MOF for simultaneous detection of triple heavy metal ions (Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+) in environmental and food monitoring

A comprehensive review of heavy metal ions removal using 2-D materials: mechanism, surface chemistry, and coordination bonding

PEI functionalized PAES/PVP membranes towards efficient removal of heavy metal ions: Adsorption performance, mechanisms and recycling for photocatalysts

Anthropogenic and industrial activities release toxic and non-biodegradable heavy metal ions (HMIs) into the environment, posing severe ecological risks even at trace concentrations and necessitating their critical detection. Voltammetry has been widely adopted as a mainstream analytical technique for this purpose, driving the demand for low-cost electrode materials that offer high sensitivity, low detection limits, and excellent stability. Low-dimensional silicon carbide (SiC) materials hold great promise for electrochemical applications owing to their abundant active sites, large specific surface area, facile surface functionalization, and exceptional robustness in harsh environments including extreme temperatures, strong acids, and strong alkalis. Despite these advantages, studies on the application of low-dimensional SiC materials for HMI detection remain limited. In this work, we successfully synthesized modified SiC nanosheets and nanowires for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+. The as-prepared SiC-based electrodes exhibited lower detection limits and enhanced sensitivity compared to conventional electrodes. Moreover, they demonstrated excellent stability and reproducibility, underscoring their considerable potential for practical electrochemical sensing applications.

Development of a Mesh-type model for Canis familiaris and Monte Carlo simulations of radiation dosimetry parameters.

Optically stimulated luminescence studies in K3Na(SO4)2:Eu3+ phosphor irradiated with 85 MeV C6+ swift heavy ions for dosimetry applications in hadron therapy

Rational design of PtBi nanoalloy-embedded nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanosphere for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of Cd2+ and Hg2+ in food samples.

Machine learning-assisted Au@UiO-66-NH2-based electrochemical sensor for detection of ubiquitous heavy metal ions.

Synthesis of clay-based Laponite/sodium alginate composite hydrogel beads for efficient removal of methylene blue and Cu(II) from wastewater.

Heavy metal ion pollution has emerged as a global issue. These contaminants are not only present in water sources but are also commonly detected in air, soil, food, and consumer products, posing serious risks to ecosystems and human health. Even at very low concentrations, heavy metal ions can exhibit substantial toxicity. Traditional methods for the detection of heavy metal ions typically require complex laboratory equipment and specialized technicians, making them inadequate for rapid on-site monitoring. Microfluidic technology, as an innovative platform capable of precisely controlling and manipulating minute volumes of fluid, has demonstrated enormous potential in analytical chemistry, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring. In the rapidly developing field of microfluidics, paper-based microfluidic platforms have become prominent due to their low cost, straightforward fabrication, and eco-friendly nature, offering powerful tools for the detection of heavy metal ions in diverse samples. This survey consolidates the major advances reported from 2015 to 2025 in utilizing paper-based microfluidic systems for identifying heavy metal ion pollutants in diverse sample types, including air, explosive residues, water sources, herbal supplements, skin-whitening cosmetics, environmental aerosols, urine, soil, gunshot residues, cucumber plants, and food. The review analyzes in detail the principles and applications of detection strategies based on colorimetric methods, fluorescent methods, electrochemical methods, dual-detection systems, and other methods, as well as the role of nanomaterials and selective recognition elements in improving detection sensitivity and specificity. These portable, low-cost, and easy-to-operate detection systems provide viable solutions for environmental and public health monitoring, particularly suitable for resource-limited regions and scenarios requiring rapid detection.

The development of sustainable and efficient photocatalysts for wastewater remediation is essential due to persistent contamination from antibiotics and toxic heavy metal ions. In this study, a spindle‐shaped CeO 2 /nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐co‐doped reduced graphene oxide (CeO 2 /N, S‐rGO) heterostructure was successfully synthesized for the simultaneous removal of tetracycline (TC) and Cr(VI) under visible‐light irradiation. The CeO 2 /N, S‐rGO nanocomposite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity, achieving ~2.2‐fold higher TC degradation ( κ = 0.0313 min −1 ) and ~2.4‐fold higher Cr(VI) reduction efficiency ( κ = 0.0416 min −1 ) within 60 min compared with pristine CeO 2 . The enhanced performance originates from the synergistic interaction between CeO 2 and N, S‐rGO, which promotes visible‐light absorption, efficient interfacial charge transfer, and suppressed electron–hole recombination. Ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–DRS) analysis confirmed improved optical absorption due to strong π–π interactions and electronic coupling within the heterostructure. Radical scavenging experiments revealed that •OH radicals and h + species predominantly govern TC degradation, whereas photogenerated electrons and •O 2 − radicals mainly drive Cr(VI) reduction. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis further identified the degradation intermediates and proposed possible mineralization pathways. The findings demonstrate that CeO 2 /N, S‐rGO is a promising visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst for the simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater systems.