Risk Of Heart Attack Research Articles

Increasing Public Knowledge about Hypertension and Diet Low Salt in the Village Rio De Janeiro Leste Timor

Hypertension is the number 1 cause of death in the world. In general, hypertension is a condition without symptoms, where abnormally high pressure in the arteries causes an increased risk of stroke, aneurysm, heart failure, heart attack and kidney failure. Management of hypertension is carried out as an effort to reduce the risk of rising blood pressure and its treatment. In the management of hypertension, efforts are made in the form of non-pharmacological (modifying lifestyle through health education) and pharmacological (drugs). Some healthy lifestyles recommended by many guidelines are weight loss, reducing salt intake, sport which is done regularly, reduces alcohol consumption and stops smoking. The aim of this counseling is to increase public knowledge about hypertension as well as ways to prevent and treat hypertension by diet low in salt. The method used in counseling and demonstrations. Result Pretest regarding public knowledge about hypertension, namely 15 people (53.57%) had poor knowledge, 8 people (28.57%) had sufficient knowledge, and 5 people (17.85%) had good knowledge. Increased knowledge was obtained after the community was given education about hypertension and diet low salt with results posttest. 18 people (64.28%) had good knowledge and 10 people (35.71%) had sufficient knowledge. This outreach activity is a promotive and preventive effort to reduce the incidence of hypertension. During the Hypertension counseling process in the village Rio De Janeiro East Timor Respondents received educational material regarding hypertension and one way to prevent it with a low-salt diet. The conclusion of this activity is that there has been an increase in public knowledge village after providing education about hypertension and how to treat hypertension, one of which is using a low-salt diet.

Detecting anomalies in fetal electrocardiogram records using deep learning models

In order to assess the fetus health and make timely decisions throughout pregnancy, Fetal Electrocardiography (FECG) monitoring is essential. Huge datasets for electrocardiograms are freely accessible from Physionet ATM Dataset1- Abdominal and Direct Fetal ECG Database (adfecgdb), Dataset2- Fetal ECG Synthetic Database (fecgsyndb), Dataset3- Non-Invasive Fetal ECG Database(nifecgdb). In this study, we strive to categorize normal and abnormal (Atrial fibrillation) FECG from three online dataset which contains FECG recordings as major details. Deep learning models like Transfer Learning (TL) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are being investigated. The composite abdominal signal and the FECG are separated using a wavelet transform approach. The best model for categorizing the parameters of the FECG is determined through a comparative analysis and performance is improved using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). The accuracy of the CNN-based technique is found to be 98.59%, whereas the accuracy of the transfer learning model is 99.01% for FECG classification. The computation of metric parameters for all the datasets is done. The classification of normal and abnormal (Atrial fibrillation) is best performed in TL model compared to CNN. Real-time data analysis is done for PQRST plotting and comparative study is done using Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) and obtained NRI = 13%, z static 0f 3.7641, p-Value of 0.00016721. Acute Myocardial Infraction (AMI) identification is done based on ST segment of Maternal ECG (MECG) images to analyze the heart attack risk. The proposed work can be utilized to track FECG waveforms in real-time for wearable technology because of its end-to-end properties and expandable intrinsic for diagnosing multi-lead heart disorders.

Fractional flow reserve in assessment of intermediate non-culprit lesions in acute myocardial infarction

Context: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of intermediate non-culprit arteries can reduce death or heart attack risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction and multivessel coronary artery disease. Aims: To compare the effectiveness of fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided PCI with angiography-guided PCI for intermediate non-culprit lesions in patients with acute myocardial infarction and multivessel coronary artery disease. Methods: In this cohort study, acute myocardial infarction patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who had successful percutaneous coronary intervention of the culprit artery were divided into group of patients receiving FFR-guided PCI (FFR≤0.80, n = 31) and group of patients receiving angiography-guided PCI (diameter stenosis of 50-90%, n = 62) for lesions in non-culprit arteries. These two groups were followed for at least 1 year for major adverse cardiovascular events. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in major cardiovascular events between FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention group and angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention group. However, FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention group had a lower mortality rate compared to the angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention group (3.2% vs. 4.8%). Additionally, there were no reported cases of myocardial infarction in angiography-guided PCI group, while angiography-guided PCI group had a rate of 1.6%. Conclusions: This study found that it remains uncertain whether FFR-guided PCI is superior than angiography-guided PCI for intermediate non-culprit lesions in patients with acute myocardial infarction and multivessel coronary artery disease.

Deteksi Dini Serangan Jantung Saat Aktivitas Olahraga

Background. Heart attacks are difficult to detect early because the symptoms can vary and are not always specific. Not everyone experiences the same symptoms, and often a heart attack can occur without any obvious symptoms. Heart attack is a serious condition and can threaten a person's life. Sports activity, although it has many health benefits, can also increase the risk of heart attack, especially in people who have certain risk factors. The purpose of community service is to carry out counseling activities for early detection of heart attacks during badminton sports.Method. The activities carried out included checking blood pressure and health counseling to members of the badminton sports community Results. Community service activities will be held on August 12, 2023 in the Badminton community at 19.30 - 20.30 WIB. The number of members participating in counseling was 50 people.Conclusion. The knowledge of members of the Badminton community about early detection of heart attacks during exercise has increased after being given counseling.

Rates ofPreeclampsia andPost-preeclamptic Cardiovascular Disease Among US Military Servicewomen: A Retrospective Case-cohort Study.

Preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive-inflammatory disorder of pregnancy, poses acute risks of seizures, stroke, and heart attack during pregnancy and up to 6 weeks post-delivery. Recent data suggest that residual increased risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD) linger for much longer, possibly decades, after PE pregnancies. In civilian studies, PE and the major vascular events resulting from it disproportionately affect women from minority groups, especially African American women. The Military Health System (MHS) provides equal access to care for all active-duty servicewomen (ADSW), thus theoretically mitigating disparities. Racial/ethnic breakdown for PE and post PE CVD has not been studied in the MHS. We identified healthy pregnancies in the MHS electronic health records of ADSW in the years 2009/2010 and those with a PE diagnosis. Patients with preexisting conditions of PE or CVD based on a look-back period of two calendar years were excluded. Cases were matched to controls based on age at pregnancy within 5 years and race/ethnicity. Cohort was assessed for diagnosed CVDs, race, age, and service during 2011-2017. Time to first CVD event was assessed with Cox proportional hazards model, results reported as relative risks (95% CI). All variables were summarized using mean (SD) for normally distributed continuous variables; non-normal continuous variables were characterized by median [IQR] and categorical variables were summarized by counts and frequencies. All statistical testings were two-sided with a significance level of 5% and were completed using SAS-EG version 9.2 or R version 3.5.2. From an analysis of 106,808 inpatient ADSW records, PE incidence by race is 11.8% for White, 12% for African American, 11.4% for Asian/Pacific Islander, 11.2% for Native American, 9.5% for Other, and 7.6% for unknown (not documented) race. Thus, in the US Military, African American women have comparable (0.2% higher) PE rate than White women in contrast with civilian studies that often report much higher incidence in the African American population. Using Asians as referent group, PE increases the risk of CVD. White women have a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.47 95%CI (1.15-1.88), African Americans a HR of 1.51 95% CI (1.18-1.93), and Other a HR of 1.39 95% CI (1.01-1.91). In this study, we report overall higher incidence of PE in military women than what is published for civilian women in all races and across all services. Importantly, we do not find significantly higher numbers of PE and post-PE CVD for African American, compared to White women in the military. Our study is not designed to address differences between military and civilian PE epidemiology, but these results deserve further exploration. This study shines light on a health risk unique to women, which we found to be more prevalent in the US Military than published civilian population. Further study to determine the details of long-term morbidity, disability, and death attributable to PE (CVD, stroke, and kidney diseases) are needed to design optimal medical management protocols, ensure readiness for duty, and protect our Women Warfighters.

PERBANDINGAN BERBAGAI MODEL MACHINE LEARNING UNTUK MENDETEKSI DIABETES

Diabetes mellitus, often known as diabetes, is a significant metabolic illness that has a negative impact on living organisms. It causes high blood sugar levels by either creating inadequate insulin or using it inefficiently. Diabetes that is not effectively treated raises the risk of heart attacks, retinopathy, vision loss, skin disorders, and other ailments. Early detection is critical for guiding essential actions. In this setting, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a potent tool. We used Python data manipulation tools to develop ML techniques for discovering patterns and risk factors in the Pima Indian diabetes dataset in our study. We correctly identified patients as diabetes or non-diabetic using K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), AdaBoost, Logistic Regression (LR), Light Gradient Boosting, Random Forest (RF), dan Support Vector Machine (SVM). Notably, we used the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to solve class imbalance, which enhanced model performance. By efficiently utilizing ML and SMOTE in diabetes categorization, our work greatly adds to the scientific area. We suggest studying cutting-edge technology and undertaking external validation and clinical studies to assure trustworthy and generalized models for diabetic patient care in the future. With diabetes's increasing prevalence, such improvements have enormous promise for improving early identification and management, eventually leading to better health outcomes.

Formulation and optimization of novel vesicular elastic carrier for transdermal delivery of lercanidipine for the treatment of hypertension

The blood pressure drug lercanidipine hydrochloride (LCP) is also prescribed to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and heart attacks. However, it could be more bioavailable due to extensive first-pass metabolism. In this research study, bilosomes (BS) loaded with lercanidipine hydrochloride (BS-LCP) for transdermal drug delivery were developed and studied to increase bioavailability and patient compliance through high tissue penetration. The thin-film hydration method was used to formulate BS-LCP was optimized using Box-Behnken statistical design. Entrapment efficiency (%) was 82.36 ± 0.64%, mean vesicle size was 126.34 ± 1.28 nm, polydispersity index was 0.43 ± 0.1, and zeta potential was −52.74 ± 0.37 mV for the optimized bilosomal formulation. In 24 h, the amounts of LCP released from LCP-bilosomal preparation (BS-LCP) and LCP-bilosomal gel (BS-LCPG) were 97.53 ± 3.0% and 76.49 ± 4.0%, respectively. However, after 4 h, 98.724% was released from the LCP solution. Drug release from BS-LCPG was noticeably lower than that from LCP-bilosomes. The optimized BS-LCP vesicles were found to be perfectly round, with smooth surfaces and no aggregation, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) setup verified that the vesicles were round and had a restricted size distribution, indicating no irregularly shaped cysts were present. Inin-vitropermeation studies, bilosomal Gel (BSG) significantly outperformed the LCP solution and a commercially available formulation. Bilosomes are potential drug-delivery vesicles because they can avoid problems with the multiple-dose regime and limited oral bioavailability via the transdermal route.

Antioxidant Activity, Nutrient Analysis and Sensory Evaluation of Coconut Apple

The Coconut Palm is species of a palm tree, Cocos nucifera, that grows to about 30 meters tall and is significantly cultivated in tropical climates. Six hundred species in the palm circle of relatives Arecaceae, and its miles the simplest extant species in the genus Cocos. This study to be determine the antioxidants, Nutritional (vitamin c, Crude fiber, Moisture and Ash content) and Sensory parameters of Coconut apple. The result showed as antioxidant activity by DPPH Method showed as 19.80% %, Total antioxidants activity by FRAP method is 315.27 of inhibition against free radicals. whereas Vitamin C content is 10.95 mg/100gms; Crude Fiber (1.98%) and Ash content (30.2%), Moisture content (28.8%); Sensory evaluation showed that Dried coconut apple scored the highest on the 5 point hedonic scale with aroma (2.75), taste (4.0), texture (3.90), overall acceptability (3.55) compared with the Fresh coconut apple. Coconut apple helps in easy digestibility, boosts immunity, dissolves kidney stones, proper insulin secretion to diabetic patients, protects from cancer, reduces the risk of blood clots and heart attacks. Due to presence of high antioxidant activity in coconut apple helps in preventing cellular damage in the body.

Effect of Parameter Selection on Heart Attack Risk Prediction in an RNN Model

Heart attack has become a significant public health issue worldwide, and effective prediction methods, along with early diagnosis, are crucial for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Various machine learning and deep learning techniques have been employed in the literature to predict the risk of heart attack. In this study, the evaluation of heart attack risk was conducted using the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) classification method with different parameters. By considering various parameters that affect the performance of the RNN model, the impact of proper parameter selection on classification accuracy was investigated. During the data preprocessing stage, the data was appropriately standardized, and 5-fold cross-validation was performed. Eleven RNN models were compared by altering different parameters such as the number of units, the number of training cycles, batch size, dropout rate, activation function, and number of units in the dense layer. The classification performance was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results demonstrate that parameter selection influences the performance of the RNN classification model and that performance improvements can be achieved with appropriate parameter selections.

Bio-Approach for Obtaining Enantiomerically Pure Clopidogrel with the Use of Ionic Liquids.

Clopidogrel is a chiral compound widely used as an antiplatelet medication that lowers the risk of blood clots, strokes, and heart attacks. The main aim of the study presented herein was to obtain (S)-clopidogrel, which is commercially available in treatments, via the kinetic resolution of racemic clopidogrel carboxylic acid with the use of lipase from Candida rugosa and a two-phase reaction medium containing an ionic liquid. For this purpose, the enantioselective biotransformation of clopidogrel carboxylic acid and chiral chromatographic separation with the use of a UPLC-MS/MS system were optimized. The best kinetic resolution parameters were obtained by using a catalytic system containing lipase from Candida rugosa OF as a biocatalyst, cyclohexane and [EMIM][BF4] as a two-phase reaction medium, and methanol as an acyl acceptor. The enantiomeric excess of the product was eep = 94.21% ± 1.07 and the conversion was c = 49.60% ± 0.57%, whereas the enantioselectivity was E = 113.40 ± 1.29. The performed study proved the possibility of obtaining (S)-clopidogrel with the use of lipase as a biocatalyst and a two-phase reaction medium containing an ionic liquid, which is in parallel with green chemistry methodology and does not require environmentally harmful conditions.

Parkrun as self-managed cardiac rehabilitation: secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey of parkrun in the UK

ObjectivesCardiac rehabilitation following a cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related illness has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack and hospital admission. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends 3–5 days...

Study on the Incidences of Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Eastern Afghanistan

Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the irregular and exceptionally fast heart rhythmic problems that can maintain blood clots in the heart. Therefore, AF increase the risk of stroke, heart dysfunction, and heart attack risks. The main objective of this study was to evaluate incidences of Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Eastern zone of Afghanistan.
 Methods: This cohort study recruited 828 consecutive patients and anamnesis was achieved during the data collection.
 Results: Atrial fibrillation increased with age in both men and women. Women with AF 57.14% (n = 16) were higher than men 42.86% (n = 12) with higher significance (p˂0, 05) value. Accordingly, the incidences of atrial fibrillation are higher in upper aged patients. In this regard incidences of lower than 30 years aged patients are zero, 31 to 45 years aged are 2(7.14%), 46-60 years aged patients are 12(42.85%), 61-75 upper aged patients are 10(35.71%) and upper than 75 years aged patients are 4(14.28%) and the studied result was higher significance (p˂0, 05). Finally, this study found AF in acute coronary syndrome patients higher in upper aged peoples and according to gender AF is higher in female patients than male.
 Conclusion: Poor nourishments, long term rests, tobacco usages, serum lipid hyper level, hypertensions, obesity and diabetes are the main causes of atrial fibrillation in Afghanistan.
 Recommendation: The upper aged people must use quality food; unsaturated oil and less sugar in their meal and must do exercise at least one to two hours daily.

Metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Metabolic syndrome is one of the most serious global public health problems. It is associated with a higher risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular diseases. However, the magnitude of metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is not well understood, especially in developing countries such as Ethiopia. To determine the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia, in 2022. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1 to October 30, 2022. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the participants. Data were entered using Epi Info version 7.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model this study. Statistical significance was set at p-values of < 0.05. A total of 237 participants were included in this study, with a response rate of 95.1%. Overall, the magnitude of metabolic syndrome was 53.2% (95% CI: 46.8 - 59.6), 41.3% (95% CI: 35.0 - 47.5), and 41.8% (95% CI: 35.5 - 48.1) based on 2009 harmonized criteria of MetS, Revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, respectively. In multivariable logistic analysis, urban residence (AOR=3.07, 95% CI: 1.46-6.42), earning a high income (AOR=5.87 95% CI: 1.8-19.1), history of cardiac illness (AOR=3.33, 95% CI: 1.41-7.84), history of hypertension (AOR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.22-5.78), dyslipidemia (AOR=4.47, 95% CI: 1.96-10.19), current cigarette smoker (AOR=6.2, 95% CI: 1.7-22.93), sedentary activity (AOR=3.62, 95% CI: 1.68-7.82), use of palm oil (AOR=4.87, 95% CI: 2.06-11.51), and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (AOR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.57-7.16) were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. The findings of this study suggested that the magnitude of metabolic syndrome among T2DM patients was high. We found consistent results using the NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria. Similarly, urban residence, high income, history of cardiac, history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, current cigarette smoker, sedentary activity, palm oil, and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome.

Formulation and Evaluation of an Anti-inflammatory Topical Polyherbal Gel

Inflammation is currently treated with NSAIDs. Unfortunately, these drugs increase the risk of blood clots, heart attacks, and strokes. Therefore, the development of potent anti-inflammatory drugs from natural products is currently being investigated. Natural products made from medicinal plants play an important role in curing many diseases associated with inflammation. Conventional anti-inflammatory drug available in the market has various side effects. Because of these side effects, there is a need to look for newer drugs with fewer or no side effects. The objective of the present study was to develop polyherbal gel containing hydroalcoholic extract of Berberis aristata root, Rubia cordifolia root and Boswellia serrata gum by using Carbopol 934 and Propylene glycol. The 32 factorial design was constructed using concentration of polymer (carbopol 934) and penetration enhancer (Propylene glycol) as independent variables while Viscosity (m.Pas), % in vitro release of Berberine, Rubiadin and AKBA as dependent variables, total 9 possible experimental runs formulate and evaluate. The optimized gel was selected by design of expert employing the overlay plot with desirability approach. Optimized gel showed 39568 m.Pas viscosity, drug content of Berberine 0.48 mg, Rubiadin 0.42 mg and AKBA 0.51 mg. In vivo and histopathology study revealed that prepared gel showed good anti-inflammatory activity.

Sinus hemodynamics after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Effect of native leaflet length and aortic sinus diameter

There are several methods for treating aortic stenosis including transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement. Among these, TAVI is highly recommended for elderly patients with high surgical risk or a life expectancy of less than 10 yr. However, recent research findings indicate that thrombosis after TAVI leads to the malfunction of TAVI leaflets, which increases the risk of stroke and heart attack. Since the mechanism of thrombus formation is unclear, this study aimed to investigate the sinus hemodynamics after TAVI in different configurations using particle image velocimetry. The results showed that compared with SAV, the TAV resulted in a relatively low velocity at the sinus owing to the native leaflet and skirt of the TAV. The native leaflet length, covering over 75% of TAV, significantly increased the flow stasis and particle residence. In addition, a larger sinus diameter corresponded to a larger stasis area of the same length as that of the native leaflet. According to this study, patients with long native leaflets in their aortic sinus are at a higher risk of developing thrombosis and may require a higher deployment during treatment.

AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM DURING CORONA PANDEMIC

During the last two years, COVID-19 has affected the entire world and become a global health threat. It causes serious respiratory illness in animals as well as humans. Many factors influence the transmission of the virus including person-to-person contact and air pollution. Bad air quality adds to the problem of corona patients. In this work, the Internet of things (IoT) based air quality monitoring technique is explained for patients infected with Covid-19. The Proteus simulation tool is used with Arduino to detect five air quality factors which include carbon monoxide, Sulphur oxide, nitrogen dioxide, temperature, and humidity. Depending upon these factors air quality is divided into six categories through which it can be decided whether the environment is suitable for the patient or not. Results are displayed on a liquid crystal display and virtual terminal. The proposed solution provides real-time air quality monitoring at a lower cost. This tool indirectly offers multiple advantages including a lower risk of heart attack, removing allergies, minimizing breathing problems, helping in better sleep, humidity control, and increased happiness. It is a reliable system for both indoor and outdoor environments as it does not depend upon a single factor.

Education Level and Self-Reported Cardiovascular Disease in Norway-The Tromsø Study, 1994-2016.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading source of morbidity and mortality, and research has shown education level to be a risk factor for the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between education level and self-reported CVD in Tromsø, Norway. This prospective cohort study included 12,400 participants enrolled in the fourth and seventh surveys of the Tromsø Study (Tromsø4 and Tromsø7) in 1994-1995 and 2015-2016, respectively. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For every 1-level increase in education, the age-adjusted risk of self-reported CVD decreased by 9% (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.96), but after adjustment for covariates, the association was weaker (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-1.01). The association was stronger for women (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79-0.94) than men (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97) in age-adjusted models. After adjustment for covariates, the associations for women and men were similarly weak (women: OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87-1.04; men: OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91-1.03). In age-adjusted-models, higher education level was associated with a lower risk of self-reported heart attack (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.96), but not stroke (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.90-1.05) or angina (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.90-1.07). There were no clear associations observed in the multivariable models for CVD components (heart attack: OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91-1.05; stroke: OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.93-1.09; angina: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95-1.14). Norwegian adults with a higher education level were at lower risk of self-reported CVD. The association was present in both genders, with a lower risk observed in women than men. After accounting for lifestyle factors, there was no clear association between education level and self-reported CVD, likely due to covariates acting as mediators.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol amide derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors

Selective COX-2 inhibitors have been considered to be reliable alternatives to tNSAIDs, but most of them were withdrawn from the market due to their risk of heart attack and stroke. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of selective COX-2 inhibitor with high efficiency and low toxicity. Inspired by the cardiovascular protection, and anti-inflammatory activity of resveratrol, we synthesized 38 resveratrol amide derivatives and evaluated their COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activities. Compounds 8a, 6a, 8c and 13c showed important inhibitory activity against COX-2 (IC50 = 0.42–2.54 μM) with definite selectivity (SI = 48–83). Molecular docking study demonstrated that these compounds partially entered the 2°-pocket of the COX-2 active site and interacted with the amino acid residues responsible for the COX-2 selectivity, which was in a similar orientation and binding interactions to rofecoxib. Further anti-inflammatory activity evaluation in vivo of these active compounds revealed that compound 8a showed no gastric ulcer toxicity, and displayed evident anti-inflammatory effect (45.95% inhibition of edema) with three oral doses of 50 mg/kg, which is worthy of further study. Moreover, compounds 6a and 8c also exhibited superior gastric safety profiles compared to the reference drugs celecoxib and indomethacin.

Prediction of heart attack risk using linear discriminant analysis methods

Aims: The interruption of blood flow to the heart muscle is called a heart attack. During a heart attack, the risk of permanent damage increases with every second the heart tissue cannot receive enough blood. If early and appropriate intervention is not performed, loss of heart tissue occurs. Causes such as smoking, cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, old age, obesity, genetics, and high levels of certain substances produced in the liver are the main risk factors for heart attack. This study aims to predict the risk of heart attack with machine learning methods using a dataset created by considering risk factors. Methods: The performances of three types of Linear Discriminant Analysis classifiers, Normal, Ledoit-Wolf, and Oracle Shrinkage Approximating, were compared on the Cleveland dataset. Results: Normal Linear Discriminant Analysis made the best classification with 83.60% accuracy and performed better than regularized versions. Conclusion: Linear Discriminant Analysis methods are a promising classifier for heart attack prediction and can be applied in hospitals as an objective and automated system that eases specialists' workload and helps reduce diagnostic costs.

Culturally-tailored cookbook for promoting positive dietary change among hypertensive Filipino Americans: a pilot study.

Among all Asian American subgroups, Filipino-Americans have consistently been shown to have the highest rates of hypertension, raising risks of heart attack and stroke. Despite this alarming fact, little has been done to investigate culturally-sensitive interventions to control hypertension rates in this vulnerable population. To address the lack of culturally-relevant lifestyle options for blood pressure management currently available to the Filipino community, this exploratory pilot study used a design thinking approach informed by culinary medicine to develop a culturally-tailored, heart-healthy, and low sodium recipe cookbook for Filipino Americans with hypertension and evaluate its feasibility as a hypertension intervention. Our team developed a cookbook using participatory methods and design thinking, utilizing input from five Filipino culinary experts and a Registered Dietitian. The cookbook incorporates traditional Filipino recipes, excerpts from community members' interviews, and nutrient analyses. Twenty Filipinx-identifying individuals* who self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension were recruited from Filipino community-based organizations, enrolled into this study, provided with the cookbook, and asked to cook at least one recipe. Pre- and post-intervention surveys were conducted and centered around behavior change and features of the cookbook. This study provided evidence for the cookbook's acceptability and feasibility, with participants' open-ended responses revealing that the recipes, nutrition labels, illustrations, and cultural aspects of the cookbook increased motivation to achieve dietary change, including reducing sodium in their diet to improve their blood pressure. Participant responses also indicated positive behavior change as a result of using the cookbook, with participants reporting increased likelihood of adopting recommended actions to lower their BP after utilizing the cookbook ( = 80.83%), compared to before ( = 63.75%, p < 0.008), according to Hypertension Self-Care Management scaled scores. In conclusion, the results of this pilot study demonstrated acceptability of this unique cookbook and provide preliminary findings consistent with increased motivation in participants to make dietary changes and improve personal health, drawing attention to the importance of considering future culturally-tailored health interventions. Next steps should include a robust, randomized controlled trial design comparing measured blood pressure outcomes of an intervention vs. control group. *Filipinx is an inclusive term representing the gender identities of all participants in our study.