Harbin Institute Of Technology Research Articles

A Mars quadcopter capable of autonomous flight and sample collection: Structure and avionics

The Mars rotorcraft is an aerial exploration platform capable of repeated take-offs and landings to extend the range of rover explorations. NASA’s Ingenuity helicopter is a full y functioning coaxial helicopter for technology demonstration. Increasing the rotor diameter or the number of blades can enhance the load capacity of the coaxial helicopter but would make it difficult to be folded. A more suitable configuration for Mars exploration is the multi-rotor aircraft, which has a stronger load capacity with the same rotor diameter. Although the aerodynamic performance and operational capabilities of the Mars multi-rotor aircraft have been partially considered, mechatronic system design and autonomous flight control have not been fully addressed. Harbin Institute of Technology and China Academy of Space Technology jointly proposed a deployable Mars quadcopter for air patrol and sampling with a sample mass of 100 g. This paper presents a concept for a Mars quadcopter and its mission operations, including operational procedures and flight modes, to provide a framework for future Mars flight sampling missions. We describe the structure and avionics architecture of the Mars quadcopter. Then, we present the hardware and software design of the guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) system to illustrate the autonomous flight control method. Finally, we introduce the deployment mechanism of the Mars quadcopter.

Topological analysis of three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in SPERF-AREX for simulated magnetopause events

A scientific research device for geospace physics, the Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF), is going to be in operation this year at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China. One of its laboratory simulation platforms, the Asymmetric Reconnection EXperiment (AREX), is designed to investigate the asymmetric magnetic reconnection relevant to the process in the dayside magnetopause of the Earth. As a ground-based experimental platform, AREX emphasizes three-dimensional (3D) asymmetric driving features with topological similarity relevant to dayside reconnection. Thus, in this paper, we focus on topological analysis based on numerical simulation of AREX reconnection processes. 3D topological features in various scenarios relevant to magnetopause reconnection in different interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions are investigated by adjusting setup parameters of plasma sources and magnetic coils. The simulation results reveal that the plasma distribution of asymmetric reconnection in SPERF-AREX is analogous to that at the magnetopause. Various types of the 3D magnetic topology relevant to typical IMF conditions, including the X-line and the A–B null chain structures, are, respectively, identified and analyzed in detail.

Construction of a New Engineering of Marine Technology based on the Approach of "Morality, Teaching, Learning, Research and Industry"

The construction of new engineering disciplines has put forward higher requirements for the teaching of related courses and the cultivation of students. This paper takes the basic course of oceanography in Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai as an example, and carries out teaching reforms from the objectives of course construction, teaching contents and methods, assessment methods, etc. In the course of construction, we integrate "morality, teaching, Learning, research and Industry", and achieves remarkable effects in the construction of teaching team and optimization of teaching contents, the improvement of teaching methods and means, and the enhancement of the comprehensive quality and ability of students, which provides a reference for the teaching reform of related new engineering courses.

Preface

The 2023 2nd International Conference on Power System and Power Engineering (PSPE 2023) took place via virtual form in Nanchang, China from March 17th to 19th, 2023, with the attendance of 150 people.PSPE 2023 focused on research areas such as Electrical and Energy Circuits and Systems, Power System Security Defense and Restoration Control, Transmission and Distribution System and Equipment, Power Electronics, etc. The main goal was to bring together related scientists, researchers and developers to bridge the gap between research needs and advanced technological solutions. PSPE 2023 fostered research and development in power engineering and its applications. And it provided an opportunity for researchers and related personnels to present their recent theoretical developments, practical applications, and to discuss unsolved problems and potential challenges.The conference was divided into three main sessions. There are focused on keynote speeches, oral and poster presentations, as well as communication and discussion among all participants.We would like to highlight the main developments presented at the Conference and introduce the prominent speakers. The keynote speaker of the Conference Professor Qifang Chen (Beijing Jiaotong University, China) presented a report on The Interactive Strategy of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (Tcls) to Improve Feasibility and Scalability. In the speech he presented a new interactive control method to improve the feasibility and scalability of TCLs in demand response application. Professor Huihui Song (Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), China) talked on Preliminary Study on Synchronization Control Mechanism of Grid-Forming Asynchronous Power Sources under Ultra-High Proportion Consumption of New Energy. She analyzed the existing synchronization mechanism of asynchronous power sources, combined the achievements of NSFC, revealed the new stability mechanism of rhythmic synchronization from a new perspective of coupled oscillator synchronization science, and re-described the evolution process of system synchronization stability.Finally, we would like to thank the members of the Technical Program Committee and the Publication Chair for giving an opportunity to share scientific ideas and new developments at the Conference and the University of Agder, Norway for its friendly support. Last but not the least, our special acknowledgement also goes to the editors and staff of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, for their kindness and assistance in publishing this volume.The Committee of PSPE 2023List of Committee Member are available in this pdf.

Research on Industry-Education Integration Training of Practical Innovation Talents in "New Engineering" — A Case Study of Materials Science and Engineering Major

With the continuous optimization and upgrading of the national economic structure, the traditional talent training model in universities is difficult to meet the increasing demand for innovative and practical talents in "new engineering" year by year, and the transformation of talent training mode has important research significance for all universities. This paper, in conjunction with the current situation of training innovation and practical abilities of "new engineering" undergraduates, takes the Materials Science and Engineering major at Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) as an example to explore a new model of industry-education integration training guided by industrial demand. It establishes an integrated training system that combines undergraduate innovation projects, academic tutorial system, and graduation design, and designs production practice courses oriented by personalized development needs. It proposes a joint training mechanism for practical talents combined by school-enterprise joint laboratories and enterprise practice bases, providing a new idea for the training of innovative and practical talents in "new engineering".

Reaction: Harnessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) for water purification

Shishu Zhu received his PhD from the Harbin Institute of Technology in 2019 and became an associate professor at the South China University of Technology (SCUT) in 2023. His research fields include in situ chemical oxidation processes, the transport and deposition of contaminants, and organic geochemistry. Wenxiao Zheng is a PhD candidate at SCUT. His research focuses on identifying and controlling toxic byproducts in reactive-species-initiated wastewater treatment. Weijian Duan is a research fellow at SCUT. His research focuses on developing cutting-edge electrochemical strategies for nitrogen and carbon removal from wastewater. Chunhua Feng received his PhD from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2007 and then joined SCUT as an assistant professor. He is now a professor at SCUT. His research interests are environmental electrochemistry, reactive-species-based geochemistry, and wastewater treatment. Shishu Zhu received his PhD from the Harbin Institute of Technology in 2019 and became an associate professor at the South China University of Technology (SCUT) in 2023. His research fields include in situ chemical oxidation processes, the transport and deposition of contaminants, and organic geochemistry. Wenxiao Zheng is a PhD candidate at SCUT. His research focuses on identifying and controlling toxic byproducts in reactive-species-initiated wastewater treatment. Weijian Duan is a research fellow at SCUT. His research focuses on developing cutting-edge electrochemical strategies for nitrogen and carbon removal from wastewater. Chunhua Feng received his PhD from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2007 and then joined SCUT as an assistant professor. He is now a professor at SCUT. His research interests are environmental electrochemistry, reactive-species-based geochemistry, and wastewater treatment. Reaction: Avoid fairy dust when engineering water-purification technologiesPaul WesterhoffChemJune 08, 2023In BriefThis Catalysis article discusses the risks of using nanomaterials for water purification and alternative strategies, painting a fuller picture of research in clean water. Full-Text PDF Catalyst: The roles of chemistry in clean water for allYoung-Shin JunChemJune 08, 2023In BriefUnderstanding nanoscale interfacial reactions unlocks the chemistry controls that are critical for generating clean water. This catalysis article discusses three important roles of chemistry in clean water: understanding and controlling evolving interfaces induced by nucleation, deciphering and utilizing hidden interfaces in nanoconfined spaces, and harnessing interfaces with functionalized surfaces. Chemically guided developments of new materials and technologies for purifying clean water can bring all water resources back to one H2O, which supports life for all people. Full-Text PDF

The Development and Teaching of the Postgraduate Course “Engineering System Modeling and Simulation” in Combination with Essentials Taken from Research Projects

This teaching research paper presents a novel idea that combines fundamental scientific problems in practical engineering with the construction of the “Engineering System Modeling and Simulation” course. A large amount of mathematical modeling, numerical simulation, 3D entity modeling, finite element simulation, and analysis used to obtain the research results of our scientific research projects is fed back and integrated into the teaching content of the Engineering System Modeling and Simulation course. The content system of this course is based on the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) aerospace engineering course and embodies the values and characteristics of HIT. It is constructed to meet the requirements of the “Ten Special Actions to Accelerate the Training of High-level Talented Person” focused on by the Ministry of Education and the Academic Degree Committee of the State Council. The research results and implementation of the current work are expected to produce pedagogical benefits for the training of postgraduate students in mechanical engineering and promote the understanding and mastery of basic and professional knowledge. At the same time, this course can also enhance students’ research ability, engineering ability, thinking ability, and innovative consciousness.

5th International Conference on Materials Science, Machinery and Energy Engineering (MSMEE 2023)

2023 5th International Conference on Materials Science, Machinery and Energy Engineering (MSMEE 2023) was successfully held from 25 to 26, February, 2023 in Rio, Brazil. The conference was jointly organized and sponsored by Harbin Institute of Technology and China University of Geosciences, the conference invited scholars and experts in the fields of materials science, mechatronics, mechanical engineering, and energy engineering from various universities and institutes, to participate in the review and guidance of this conference.
 MSMEE 2023 focuses on the latest research fields and aims to provide an international cooperation and exchange platform for experts, scholars and business managers to share their research achievements, discuss the key challenges and research directions, and jointly promote the industrialization cooperation and continuous innovation of international academic achievements. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the special committee. The format of questioning and discussion was that after each author’s introduction, the conference chairman and committee members asked and answered questions.
 The organizing and editorial committee of the MSMEE 2023 hopes you enjoy the reading of this volume. Besides, we wish to thank all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions for this proceeding as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and criticism aiding to improve the presented articles. We are confident that this issue will serve as a reference for experts, scholars and enterprise managers in the fields of materials science, mechatronics, mechanical engineering and energy engineering.
 With best regards,
 MSMEE Technical Program Committees
 Rio, Brazil

An 18.3 MJ charging and discharging pulsed power supply system for the space plasma environment research facility (SPERF): the subsystem for the magnetic mirror coil

The magnetic reconnection process relevant to that at the magnetotail is one of the research contents of the Space Plasma Environment Research Facility, which is under construction at the Harbin Institute of Technology in China. Two magnetic mirror sub-coils placed symmetrically in the vertical direction and connected in series cooperate with a dipole coil to generate a magnetic field environment similar to the Earth’s magnetotail. A capacitor-based pulsed power supply (PPS) system with a modular design is developed to excite two magnetic mirror sub-coils to generate a magnetic field with a magnetic flux density of not less than 200 G at the center of the two sub-coils. The PPS should deliver a pulsed current with a peak of more than 8 kA, and the duration of the current not be less than 95% of the peak over 5 ms to two magnetic mirror sub-coils when the charging voltage is not less than 20 kV. In addition, the duration from the peak to 10% of the peak is not more than 130 ms. The detailed design of the PPS is discussed in this paper, and a test method is designed to reduce the risk of damage to the wires and the connection between the wires and the coaxial cables of the PPS when the PPS discharges at a higher charging voltage. Finally, the discharge test of the PPS is carried out to verify the design of the PPS.

GLOBAL TRENDS AND RESEARCH HOTSPOTS OF AEROBIC GRANULAR SLUDGE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING SCOPUS DATABASE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system is a promising technology that is suitable for the treatment of various types of wastewaters. This system has received great attention from many researchers due to its wide range of applications and potential as a cost effective system. However, only a few reports are available in analyzing the progress of AGS research in wastewater treatment over the last 20 years. Therefore, in the present work, a bibliometric analysis was carried out to trace the global research trends and current hotspots of AGS in wastewater treatment from 1997 to 2020, based on the Scopus database. The bibliometric data was visualized using the VOSviewer software. A total of 1,347 articles were published in 160 journals across 19 subject categories, involving 50 countries and 129 academic institutions. Results showed that Bioresource Technology (175, 12%), Water Research (94, 6.96%), and Huanjin Kexue Environmental Science (78, 5.77%) dominated in the top 3 journals. Environmental Science (1036, 38%), China (716, 53%), and Harbin Institute of Technology (98, 7.28%) were the most productive subject category, country, and academic institution, respectively. The AGS research hot topics and future research directions were discovered through the analysis of the most frequently used keywords obtained in bibliometric maps.

Deep Learning Attention Mechanism in Medical Image Analysis: Basics and Beyonds

Survey/review study Deep Learning Attention Mechanism in Medical Image Analysis: Basics and Beyonds Xiang Li 1, Minglei Li 1, Pengfei Yan 1, Guanyi Li 1, Yuchen Jiang 1, Hao Luo 1,*, and Shen Yin 2 1 Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China 2 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7034, Norway * Correspondence: hao.luo@hit.edu.cn Received: 16 October 2022 Accepted: 25 November 2022 Published: 27 March 2023 Abstract: With the improvement of hardware computing power and the development of deep learning algorithms, a revolution of "artificial intelligence (AI) + medical image" is taking place. Benefiting from diversified modern medical measurement equipment, a large number of medical images will be produced in the clinical process. These images improve the diagnostic accuracy of doctors, but also increase the labor burden of doctors. Deep learning technology is expected to realize an auxiliary diagnosis and improve diagnostic efficiency. At present, the method of deep learning technology combined with attention mechanism is a research hotspot and has achieved state-of-the-art results in many medical image tasks. This paper reviews the deep learning attention methods in medical image analysis. A comprehensive literature survey is first conducted to analyze the keywords and literature. Then, we introduce the development and technical characteristics of the attention mechanism. For its application in medical image analysis, we summarize the related methods in medical image classification, segmentation, detection, and enhancement. The remaining challenges, potential solutions, and future research directions are also discussed.

AI’s 10 to Watch, 2022

AI’s 10 to Watch, 2022

A 2-pronged attack to get fuel from sewage

Wastewater from human activity could fill more than 100 million Olympic-size swimming pools in a single year, according to researchers from Canada and the Netherlands ( Earth Syst. Sci. Data 2021, DOI: 10.5194/essd-13-237-2021 ). The waste people send down the drain is rich in energy, but turning that waste into renewable fuels in the most efficient way is critical to making the endeavor economically viable. Scientists have now shown that they can boost both hydrogen and biodiesel production from waste by adding a biodegradable surfactant ( ACS ES&T Engg. 2023, DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.2c00372 ). Researchers at the Harbin Institute of Technology and Northeast Agricultural University took waste activated sludge—made from raw sewage that had been treated with oxygen to stabilize its microbe populations—from a treatment plant in Harbin, China. They sieved the mixture to remove large particles, heated the sludge, and allowed bacteria to produce hydrogen through fermentation. After that, the

Analysis and design of control systems via parameter‐based approach

Analysis and design of control systems via parameter‐based approach

Mathematical Modeling Facilitates the Construction of “Emerging Engineering Education” in Chemical Engineering Major at Harbin Institute of Technology

Mathematical Modeling Facilitates the Construction of “Emerging Engineering Education” in Chemical Engineering Major at Harbin Institute of Technology

Guest Editorial: Learning, optimisation and control of cyber‐physical systems

Guest Editorial: Learning, optimisation and control of cyber‐physical systems

Analysis of Thermal Comfort under Different Exercise Modes in Winter in Universities in Severe Cold Regions

In this study, we collected 927 cases of samples from students at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China and conducted a thermal comfort questionnaire survey on four outdoor exercise modes in winter. Additionally, we analyzed the thermal perception conditions of the campus population in winter, the association between exercise volume and TCV (Thermal Comfort Vote) and the correlation between PET (physiological equivalent temperature) and MTSV (Mean Thermal Sensation Vote). Furthermore, we identified different PET neutral temperatures under different exercise modes (skating 3 °C, running 6 °C, hiking 9 °C, standing 14 °C), the variability of different thermal comforts in the original residence and the trend of thermal comfort with outdoor activity time. Finally, we obtained the prediction model of thermal perception under different exercise modes, and it can used as a basis for assessing the cold outdoor thermal environment to provide some references for environmental designers.

Conceptual Design of a Compact Divertor Heat Load Simulation Device: HIT-PSI

Linear plasma devices have been increasingly applied in investigating plasma–surface interaction (PSI) processes and divertor/scraped-off-layer (D/SOL) physics because of their economy, flexibility, and expandability. However, only a few existing linear plasma devices are able to obtain high heat and particle fluxes. In this work, we report a compact superconducting linear device, with its scientific goals and specific design methods, at Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), HIT-PSI, capable of implementing an extreme plasma environment with beams of a long discharge pulse, as well as high heat and particle fluxes in the future fusion reactor regime of ITER/CFETR-like parameters. A five-coil integrated superconducting magnet is designed to generate a >2.0 Tesla steady-state magnetic field for confining a long pulse plasma beam with a density of >1020 m−3 produced by a cascaded arc plasma source. With a pump set of 2500 L/s and a water-cooled target system with bias voltage, it is expected to obtain high-density and low-temperature plasma beams with a heat flux of over 10 MW/m2. Subsystems of the platform, including the plasma source, superconducting magnets, vacuum system, and target holder system, are described in detail. In addition, the function and performance of the platform are numerically simulated and represented by SOLPS-ITER code to predict the laboratory simulation results.

Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Modified with Polysulphide Rubber

Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China

Experimental investigation on interaction modes and geometric features of two ventilated cavities

In this study, the interaction modes and geometric features of two cavities are explored in a closed-loop water tunnel at Harbin Institute of Technology. Firstly, it was observed that there are four interaction modes under different cavitator diameter dn, Froude number Fr and distance between two cavitators d, namely, two basically independent cavities (TIC), two coupled-deformed cavities (TCDC), two partially fused cavities (TPFC) and two fully fused cavities (TFFC) respectively. In addition, an expression to describe the effect of different parameters on the interaction modes was established and obtained the critical value between the mode transitions. Subsequently, compared with the formulas of unbounded flows in the literature, it was found that the average value of the maximum diameters of the two cavities are close to those of the single cavitator at the same cavitation number. Moreover, a method used to quickly estimate the blockage ratio for two cavitators configuration was obtained, namely, the equivalent blockage ratio of the two cavities can be calculated from the equivalent diameter of the dn × 2dn rectangle. Finally, the estimation method was validated by Brennen's prediction.