Guidelines Of State Policy Research Articles

The Staples of the State Policy as the Legal Basis for Sustainable Development to Face the Industrial Revolution 5.0 and Golden Indonesia 2045

The National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN) and the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) are national development planning systems developed after the abolition of the State Policy Guidelines (GBHN) in the Indonesian constitutional system. The RPJMN has been deemed inadequate because the actors that form and implement it are deemed unrepresentative and irrelevant to the essence of popular sovereignty, as well as ineffective public control mechanisms for the implementation. Therefore, a legal instrument is needed in the form of Staples of State Policy (PPHN) as a legal basis or legislative umbrella for the development and the re-establishment of the GBHN (or by other names) as well as the direction in planning and monitoring the government’s commitment as an executive institution. This research aims to find out and provide recommendations for PPHN legal basis as a legislative umbrella for implementing sustainable development in the face of the industrial revolution 5.0 and Golden Indonesia 2045. The research was conducted using normative juridical research methods with descriptive-analytical research specifications with qualitative analysis. This research applies (a) statute approach; (b) conceptual approach; and (c) comparative approach. Results show that since the reformation era, national development in terms of legislation has not been conducted sustainably. This can be seen from the disharmony and even the negation of national development programs. PPHN arrangement as Directive Principles of Indonesian Government Policies can be conducted through: (a) Limited amendments to the 1945 Constitution, especially Article 2 and Article 3 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution by including the substance of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) authority to formulate PPHN; (b) Amendment of Law No. 12 of 2011 by Law No. 13 of 2022 on the Second Amendment to Law No. 12 of 2011, specifically revising the explanation of Article 7 paragraph (1) letter b, hence, the MPR can formulate Decree as part of statutory regulations, including PPHN; (c) Amendment of Law No. 17 of 2014 on the MPR, DPR, DPD, and DPRD as amended several times, most recently by Law No. 13 of 2019 on the Third Amendment to Law No. 17 of 2014 by including the MPR's authority to formulate PPHN through MPR Decree; (d) Stipulation of PPHN in a law that revokes Law No. 25 of 2004 on the National Development Planning System (SPPN); or (e.) The MPR stipulates PPHN as a constitutional convention without going through changes in legal products

Constitutional Design of State Policy as Guidelines on Indonesia’s Presidential System Development Plan

After the 1945 Constitution amendment, there is a need to improve and rearrange Indonesia’s state administration system. That the State Policy Guidelines (GBHN), as a product of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) Decree, is annulled has the national development planning and process lost their direction and had unclear goals. Therefore, this research elaborated further on the necessity of realizing state policy’s main points as guidance for development planning and offering ideas for the format of the presidential system design regulation following the Indonesia’s post-reform constitution. This conceptual research used a comparative constitutional approach to find an appropriate and applicable model in Indonesia context. The existing models were explored, mapped, and formulated for the most feasible model suitable for Indonesia. This study found the need for the 1945 Constitution amendment agenda to accommodate state direction as the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) concept in the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia, and for President and the Constitutional Court to support the accountability and enforcement of state laws in governmental administration.

Reinstating the National Guidelines of State Policy within Indonesia's Presidential System: Exploring the Possibilities

Placing the National Guidelines of State Policy (GBHN or PPHN) developed by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) as a guiding framework for the President could elevate the MPR above the President, a model practiced in Indonesia from 1945 to 1999. This paper analyzes the fundamental characteristics of a presidential system and assesses the compatibility of PPHN within this framework, proposing a model for codifying PPHN into laws and regulations that align with Indonesia's presidential system. It concludes that the essence of a presidential system lies in the separation of the legislature and executive, which prevents any accountability mechanism that subordinates the President to the legislature. While PPHN can be reinstated within a presidential system, it must not create accountability mechanisms placing the President under the MPR. The most relevant approach is to incorporate PPHN as a law replacing the RPJPN Law, while also establishing checks and balances through the budgetary rights of the House of Representatives.

ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PRODUCT FORM AND CONTENT MATERIAL IN PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

The amendment to Article 3 of the Indonesian Constitution is responsible for the removal of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) authority, to determine the State Policy Guidelines. This explains that the national development is presently guided by the following policies, (1) Law Number 25/2004 on the National Development Planning System, (2) Law Number 17/2007 on the National Long-Term Development Plan 2005-2025, and (3) Presidential Regulation on the National Medium-Term Development Plan. These laws are considered unable to guarantee the continuity and harmony of development between the central and local governments. In the absence of State Policy Guidelines (GBHN), the continuity of an important existing long-term regulation by a new government is not guaranteed. In this case, a state policy is needed to ensure the continuity of development, leading to a discourse to revive the PPHN (Principles of State Policy). Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legal product form and content material of the PPHN, by using a normative juridical method through secondary data. The results showed that PPHN was needed to ensure the continuity of Indonesia's development, with the formulation authority provided to the MPR, the most representative state institution. The material of PPHN was also philosophical and strategic, due to emphasizing state goals according to Paragraph IV of the Indonesian Constitution Preamble. This was outlined in MPR legal products as State Regulations, which guided national institutions in preparing work programs during their term of office.

Государственная политика в области развития беспилотных систем

Currently, unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly being used in the oil and gas industry, agriculture, electric power, construction and architecture, mining, and urban economy. The number of works carried out using unmanned vehicles is increasing: aerial photography, laser scanning, gas analysis, multispectral photography and others. The organization of the functioning of unmanned logistics corridors on public roads is underway. Unmanned vehicles for technological transportation are increasingly being used in the territories of factories. The state sets a large-scale task for the specialists of the transport industry to develop unmanned transport. In order to conduct research in this area, it is necessary to clearly trace the main guidelines of state policy in the field of unmanned transport, to represent the field of development of the transport industry. The article analyzes the state policy aimed at the development and maintenance of unmanned systems in the aviation, railway, and automotive industries. The regulatory and legislative framework regulating the possibility of creating and operating unmanned vehicles in the Russian Federation is given. One of the problems of the use of drones is the lack of legal regulation of their use in the transport complex of the country. Currently, programs and documents regulating the development of unmanned systems are being implemented and planned for implementation at the state level: “Strategy for the development of unmanned aviation of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future up to 2035”, “Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation up to 2030 with a forecast for the period up to 2035”, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the establishment of an experimental Legal Regime in the Field of digital innovations and Approval of the Program of an experimental legal Regime in the Field of Digital innovations for the Operation of Highly Automated Vehicles in relation to the implementation of the initiative “Unmanned Logistics Corridors” on the Federal Highway M-11 “Neva”, etc. For the possibility of using unmanned vehicles in the Russian Federation, interdepartmental interaction of federal executive authorities is necessary. The state policy in the field of creation, production and operation of unmanned systems is aimed, among other things, at the development of human resources, training of specialists with interdisciplinary knowledge.

Road MAP of National Development Through The V Amendment of The 1945 Constitution

The actualization of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in the administration of the state, after 23 years of reform or after 4 amendments have been made, it is deemed necessary/important to carry out the 5th amendment. solely on the needs/allegances of the state and it is relevant to the affairs of the life of all Indonesian people. The research method used is normative juridical research considering that what is studied is the result of books and regulations regarding: the ratio of amendments to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, public participation in constitutional changes, the national development planning system (SPPN), and reconstruction of the state policy model of the main principles of the state. . The basic question related to the current state administration issue is bringing back the State Policy Guidelines to be an important choice? In the course of Indonesia's state administration, it seems that a national development roadmap is urgently needed, in order to realize a good government, and maintain the sustainability of national development (sustainable government) so that the government (President) of the development program becomes a Vision-Mission that must be continued even though the President changes.

Мировоззрение в проекции политической мифологии: генезисные основания идеологического строительства

The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship of the worldview of the society with the strategic guidelines of state policy. The relevance of the presented article is determined by the worldview crisis of the postmodern time and the growing demand for the formation of the foundations of the worldview of Russian society. The comparison method determines the basic components of the worldview - the perception of space and time (space-time continuum), the establishment of the fundamental principles of being (metaphysics and ontology) and the disclosure of the essence of man (anthropology). The article traces the connection of each of the worldview parameters with the genesis of classical ideologies. A position is put forward on the preservation and re-actualization of the mythological worldview in the worldview systems of the New and Modern times. The connection between the mythological archetypes of pre-modern society and modern political mythology is traced. The influence of the traditions of sacred geography and the attitudes of we-centricity on the modern geopolitical positioning of the states of the world is shown. A modification of the traditions of the eschatological perception of historical time in classical political theories is revealed. Disclosure of the fundamental principles of worldview systems is considered in connection with the definition of paradigms of classical ideologies. The variability of social and cultural approaches is revealed in connection with the difference in political strategies. The practical conclusion of the article lies in the definition of mythologems of worldview matrices as a semantic foundation of state sovereignty, the expediency of representing national mythology and the contraindication of demythologization.

Politik Hukum Penetapan Haluan Negara Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945

This study aimed to analyze legal politics and determine the broad guidelines of state policy based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This study was included in the type of legal study with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a historical approach. The People's Consultative Assembly did not establish the main points of state policy. However, they were jointly formed by the President, the People's Representative Council, and the Regional Representatives Council because the People's Consultative Assembly was no longer located as the highest state institution. The construction of the broad state policy guidelines, designed by the candidate for President or Vice President and his coalition before the general election, was then ratified into law if it had been elected as President. The regulatory period for the state law was designed for five years to make the legal norms more concrete.

PENINGKATAN EKSISTENSI HISTORIS KETATANEGARAAN RI DI ASEAN BERDASARKAN PANCASILA

Progress of ideology and constitution on pancasila and the 1945 constitution in the midst of the progress cold war and wordl war II along with its relations to the position of the people as the nation and citizen. With the sociolegal approach, the progress of the pancasila of the and 1945 constitution was found from ideology and constitution that were post-colonial in character to ideology and constitution that were post-authoritarian in character. The change was marked by the reduction in the objectives of tradition reconstruction and decolonization in the 1945 contitution. The proclamation of inddepence in 1945 was reviewed in terms of constitutional law, that the indonesia nation had broken ties with the previous legal order, both with the Dutch East Indies and Japan. That indonesian has built a new legal order, namely the indonesian legal order, whose contents of indonesian law are determined and implemented by the indonesia people them selves. The basic thing is the amendent to the constitution of the republict of indonesia. 1945 is the abolition of the Guidelines of State Policy (GBHN) in the republc of indonesia state system. The goals and objectives of national development in indonesia are currently not adequate, unplanned and difficult to measure the level of success. Until no it has not been uble to become a reference for national development rehabilitating the exsistence of GBHN can have a positive impact on how to protect and protetc of the MPR as one of the state intitutions. Indonesia is a country in carrying out its organization requiring rules that are in accordance with the cultural values of its people. The nations cultural values are listed in the state foundations, namely pancasila, which is the soul of the constitutional regulations, namely the 1945 constitutions. The indonesian goverment system is presidential, the presiden is the head of state as well as head of goverment. State power is in the hands of 3 powers, namely the lagislature, the excecutive and the judiciary. The three powers have different duties, fungtions and authorities

Mathematical analysis of certain road safety indicators in the Russian Federation

Introduction. A large number of fatalities on the roads of the Russian Federation is a significant state problem; to reduce this indicator, various target programs are being developed at the national level. To assess the achievement of the established target programs, it is necessary to perform a mathematical analysis of certain road safety indicators, which makes it possible to establish the most accurate mathematical model describing certain interrelationships of the indicators under consideration for the subsequent forecast and assessment of the achievement of the established target indicators, which will allow assessing the effectiveness certain guidelines of state policy in the area under consideration.Methods and materials. In the research work, methods of statistical and mathematical analysis, models for determining the state of road safety at different levels - world, state and regional, depending on various parameters are used.Results. A mathematical model for assessing road safety indicators based on the analysis of transport and social risk parameters is proposed, their low relationship is determined and the possibility of using them as independent parameters for assessing the state of road safety at the national level is established.Conclusion. The absence of a close relationship between the indicator of social risk and motorization, measured in the number of cars per 1000 inhabitants (the value of the correlation coefficient is 0,422), was found, which allows one to judge the presence of other factors influencing the parameter under consideration.

Dinamika Kebijakan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional Indonesia

This paper describes how the evolution of national development planning policies in Indonesia is mainly related to the philosophical, political and economic framework factors that influence it, as well as how the challenges and policy scenarios that can be taken in responding to the issue of amendments to the 1945 Constitution to establish the State Policy Guidelines as national development guidelines. The analysis found that changes in the national development planning policy model were driven by a number of factors such as the mainstream and the state's political direction, the configuration of existing political power and the dominant economic mainstream at that time. These factors not only affect the national development planning policy model, but also become a challenge in the planning and implementation of national development in Indonesia.

Rethinking Management Information Systems for Scaling up Employment Outcomes

People with intellectual disability, autism, and other developmental disabilities have successfully demonstrated their ability to work in the general labor market. Yet, their employment rate remains substantially lower compared with the general population without disabilities. Scaling up the employment outcomes of this population requires improving the effectiveness and efficiency of employment support systems. To this end, this article recommends supporting employment providers rethink how they use their management information systems (MIS): from primary tools that automate billing and compliance to tools that track metrics for continuous quality improvement. As federal and state funding policies are the main factors shaping how MIS are currently used, this article recommends that federal and state policy guidelines be issued that enable employment providers to leverage their MIS to improve effectiveness and efficiency, and thus scale up employment outcomes of job seekers.

REFORMULASI SISTEM PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL DENGAN MODEL GBHN SEBAGAI HALUAN NEGARA

The change in the status of the MPR from the highest state institution to a state institution has eliminated the role of the MPR in setting outlines for state policy. Reformation does provide a political spirit and a new perspective as reflected in the amendments to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, but the resulting impact is the loss of the continuity between the government and regional governments, and at every change of President. This is reflected in the vision, mission, and work program of the elected President (which is further formulated as the National RPJM / RPJMN) which turns out that in several ways (regarding the material and direction of program achievement) it is different from the vision, mission and work program of the Regional Head (Governor, Regent and Mayor) are elected, and there is no legal consequence whatsoever, because there is no single norm that regulates it. The method used in this paper is a political research method that departs from an analysis of political ideas, political institutions, political attitudes and behavior, as well as policy decision makers and political networks. The purpose of this research is to find out what form of law is most appropriate forbringing back GBHN in the Indonesian constitutional system, which institution is most appropriate for producing the GBHN, and through what kind of mechanism is the most appropriate. Therefore, the results of the analysis in this paper are to ensure the continuity of development in Indonesia today, urging the need to re-attend the State Policy Guidelines in the form of MPR Decrees produced by the MPR through the amendment mechanism of the 1945 NRI Constitution.

COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE BROAD GUIDELINES OF STATE POLICY AND THE MEDIUM‐TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN

<div><p class="Els-history-head">The Broad Guidelines of State Policy (BGSP) or Garis-Garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN) and the National Medium-Term Development Plan (NMDP) or Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) are important state policies in the execution of Indonesia's national development in various aspects of the life of the nation and state. The BGSP is no longer exists, and the MDP is still in effect today. The purpose of this study is to compare the two policies to obtain the superiorities and weaknesses of each when faced with several parameters obtained from various theories related to politics and law. This study is qualitative research using comparative studies in its analysis. From this study, it was found that in general, the BGSP made by the People's Consultative Assembly (PCA) or Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) had a greater relative superiority when compared to the MDP made by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia.</p></div>

THE EXISTENCE OF STATE POLICY GUIDELINES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ORDERING THE ORDER OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS

The emergence of the discourse of reviving the Outlines of the State Direction (starting now referred to as GBHN) or in standard terms is known as the reformulation of the national development planning system with the GBHN model derived from the recommendations of the Indonesian MPR for the 2009-2014 period is a must. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the Outlines of State Policy Existence in the perspective of a hierarchy of laws and regulations. This article concludes that the existence of State Policy Guidelines in the Hierarchy of rules and regulations and the state administration system must always be maintained because it aims to optimize good governance that can synergize the development programs of the Central Government and Regional Governments.

Konstitusi dan Arah Kebijakan Pembangunan Hukum; Sebelum dan Sesudah Amendemen

This study aims to find out (1) the relevance of the mandate of the 1945 Constitution of the policy and legal development in GBHN RPJPN, (2) to the normative strategies of national development planning process in the period of the state system before and after amendment to the Constitution of 1945. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive-comparative method. The results showed that (1) the formulation of policy towards development of the law, both the artifacts in the Guidelines of State Policy and RPJPN models, can be said to be substantially relevant to mandate of the Constitution, which applies in the context of each period; (2) there are fundamental differences in strategy formulation nomatif RPJPN GBHN with the preparation. This fundamental difference is the logical consequence of the amendments made to the Constitution of 1945 in the history of the Indonesian nation state system.

MPR DAN URGENSI GARIS BESAR HALUAN NEGARA DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA

This article, using a normative-juridical approach, discusses the issue whether Indonesia should re-introduce and re-instate the Guidelines of State Policy which was abolished in 1998, into the existing constitutional system. The author discusses a number of reasons of why re-instatement should be considered necessary. One important finding is that a new model of the Guidelines of State Policy should be made and utilised as a binding directive for state and government institutions at the central as well as regional and local level of governance.

MPR DAN URGENSI GARIS BESAR HALUAN NEGARA DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA

This article, using a normative-juridical approach, discusses the issue whether Indonesia should re-introduce and re-instate the Guidelines of State Policy which was abolished in 1998, into the existing constitutional system. The author discusses a number of reasons of why re-instatement should be considered necessary. One important finding is that a new model of the Guidelines of State Policy should be made and utilised as a binding directive for state and government institutions at the central as well as regional and local level of governance.

Reviving the Broad Guidelines of State Policy (GBHN) as the Product of People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) in the Presidential Government System in Indonesia

The research aims to enlight the overview about the urgent of the Broad Guidelines of State Policy (GBHN) as the product of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) by using the dogmatic approach. The amendment of the 1945 Constitution has changed the Indonesian constitutional system. According to the article 2 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, highest authority remains in the hands of the people and is carried out according to the Constitution. The constitutional design of the Indonesian government system is presidential. However, the implementation often reaps many obstacles and problems, the consequences of amendments, eliminating the authority of the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) in terms of electing the President and Vice President, and determining the Broad Guidelines of State Policy (GBHN). MPR is no longer placed as the highest institution of the country and the perpetrators of popular sovereignity. The Constitution which is the holder of popular sovereignty in the practice adheres to a clear and strict understanding of the separation of powers. Like in the legislative field there are People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR), House of Representatives (DPR) and Regional Representative Board (DPD); in the executive field there are Presidents and Vice Presidents elected by the people; in the judicial sector there are the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court and the Judicial Commission; in the field of financial supervision there is a Indonesian Supreme Audit Institution (BPK). Changes in the position, function and authority of the MPR have implications for the emergence of the National Development Planning System and the National Long-Term Development Plan which became the authority of the elected President. The President that won the election as a basic guidelines for implementing development as the replacement of the GBHN.

Indonesian National Development Planning System Based on State Policy Guidelines (GBHN) : A Return to the Future?

The National Guidelines of State Policy known to the Indonesian people as Garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN) used to be a set of political, economic and social principles enacted every five years by the People’s Consultative Assembly or Majels Permusyawaratan Rakyat (referred to as MPR hereafter) that had to be followed by both central and regional governments for the prosperity of Indonesia and the Indonesian people. However, since the amendments to the 1945 Constitution (1999-2002), which stripped MPR of much of its power, this national development planning scheme was abolished and decentralization was established throughout Indonesia. Nevertheless, in recent years more voices are being heard demanding the reinstatement of the National Guidelines. This paper discusses the issue of national development planning at the central government level. Drawing on the example of the Indonesian National Guidelines of State Policy, the paper argues that a possible return to the old guideline policy could be counter-productive as it would harm the decentralization process, political freedom, democracy, human rights, and the rule of law in Indonesia.