Guangdong Province Of China Research Articles

Reciprocal relationships between self-esteem, coping styles and anxiety symptoms among adolescents: Between-person and within-person effects

IntroductionPrevious researches have not distinguished between-person effects from within-person effects when exploring the relationship between self-esteem, coping styles, and anxiety symptoms among adolescents.Objectives To address this gap, this study investigated reciprocal associations among self-esteem, coping styles, and anxiety symptoms in a three-wave longitudinal panel survey, using an analytical strategy that disaggregates within-person and between-person variance.MethodsThe data was drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescents’ Mental and Behavioral Well-being Research study conducted in 10 public schools in the Guangdong province of China. All participants had a baseline visit (N = 1957, age 13.6, grades 7 and 10) and follow-up interviews at one-year intervals for 3 years. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model combined with mediation analysis was performed.ResultsAt the within-person level, following results were observed. (1) Low self-esteem and anxiety symptoms bidirectionally predicted each other. (2) Low self-esteem and negative coping style bidirectionally predicted each other. (3) Anxiety symptoms predicted subsequent negative coping style but not vice versa. At the between-person level, we obtained the following main results. (1) Significant predictive effects on the random intercept were found among all three study constructs. (2) There were sex differences regarding the association between self-esteem and anxiety symptoms and the correlation strength of females was greater than that of males. (3) Self-esteem mediated the reciprocal relations between coping styles and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsThese results could be an important advance by elucidating the reciprocal relationships among self-esteem, coping styles, and anxiety symptoms at the within-person level, suggesting that interventions targeted at promoting self-esteem and cultivating positive coping style may help reduce adolescent anxiety.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Measurement and Coupling Coordination of High-Quality Development in Guangdong Province of China: A Spatiotemporal Analysis

Regional high-quality coordination plays a crucial role in promoting high-quality national development. Guangdong province is a trailblazer in China's reform and opening-up policies and high-quality development. This study analyzes the high-quality development of the economic, social, and ecological environments from 2010 to 2019 in Guangdong with the entropy weight TOPSIS model. Meanwhile, the coupling coordination degree model is used to investigate the spatial-temporal pattern of the coupling and coordinated development of the three-dimensional system in 21 prefecture-level cities. The results show that the high-quality development index of Guangdong increased from 0.32 to 0.39, a 21.9% increase during 2010-2019. The Pearl River Delta had the highest value of the high-quality development index, whereas Western Guangdong had the lowest level in 2019. Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, and Dongguan are the core cities in the high-quality development of Guangdong, with the index decreasing from the Pearl River Delta estuary cities to the province's edge. We also found that the coupling degree and coupling coordination of high-quality development of the three-dimensional system grew slowly during the study period. Half of the cities in Guangdong entered the stage of benign coupling. Except for Zhaoqing, all cities in the Pearl River Delta have a high coupling coordination degree of high-quality development of the three-dimensional system. This study provides valuable references for the high-quality, coordinated development of Guangdong province and some policy suggestions for other regions.

D-wave excited tetraquark states with and * *Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12175318), the National Key R & D Program of China (2020YFA0406400), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (2022A1515011922), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

We study the mass spectra of D-wave excited tetraquark states with and in both symmetric and antisymmetric color configurations using the QCD sum rule method. We construct the D-wave diquark-antidiquark type of tetraquark interpolating currents in various excitation structures with . Our results support the interpretation of the recently observed resonance as a D-wave tetraquark state with in the or excitation mode, although some other possible excitation structures cannot be excluded exhaustively within theoretical errors. Moreover, our results provide the mass relations and for the positive and negative -parity D-wave tetraquarks, respectively. We suggest searching for these possible D-wave tetraquarks in both the hidden-charm channels and , as well as open-charm channels such as and .

The Challenge of Chinese Children’s Emotion Regulation: Child Number, Parental Emotion Regulation, and Its Relationship with Reactions to Children’s Negative Emotions

In the context of China’s three-child policy, more and more families have been changing from a one-child family to a two-child or three-child family. Both changes of family structure and the increase in child number may bring new challenges to children’s social development, emotion regulation, and parent–child relationship. This study aims to deal with the comparison of children’s emotion regulation for families with different child numbers and its relationship with parental emotion regulation and parental reactions to children’s negative emotions. We examined children’s emotion regulation, parental emotion regulation, and parental reactions to children’s negative emotions through a questionnaire survey. A total of 7807 parents from Guangdong Province in China participated in this study. The results show that: (1) A significant difference exists in children’s emotion regulation for families with different child numbers. Both one-child and two-child families present significantly higher children’s emotion regulation than three-child families; (2) There is a significant difference in parental emotion regulation, and supportive and non-supportive reactions in these families. The more children in each family, the worse the parental emotion regulation, the less supportive the reaction, and the more non-supportive the reaction; (3) Parental emotion regulation exerts a significant positive impact on children’s emotion regulation, and both supportive and non-supportive reactions play the partial mediating role. The findings emphasize more potential risks for children’s emotion regulation with the increase in family’s child number and suggest that special attention should be paid to children’s and parental emotion regulation in three-child families.

The impact of migration-related characteristics on the risk of TORCH infections among women of childbearing age: a population-based study in southern China

BackgroundTORCH infections are the most common prenatal infections causing congenital malformation and infant mortality, especially in developing countries. Migrant women might be vulnerable to TORCH infections, but little is known about the association between migration-related characteristics and TORCH infection risk. This study aimed to investigate the impact of migrant status, migration distance, and the spouse’s migrant status on the TORCH epidemic among women of childbearing age.MethodsBased on the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project, we analyzed a representative dataset of TORCH infections among women of childbearing age (15–49 years old) in Guangdong Province of China (2014–2019, n = 2,451,297). The past and/or recent infection status of TORCH infections (Toxoplasma gondii [TOX], Cytomegalovirus [CMV], and Rubella virus [RV]) were identified. Demographic and migration-related characteristics were collected. We thoroughly assessed the prevalence of TORCH infections in both migrant and native women and estimated adjusted odd ratios (aOR) for migration-related characteristics using multivariable logistic regression after adjusting the other sociodemographic factors.ResultsAmong all 2,451,297 participants, 443,725 (18.1%) were migrant women. Migrant women presented a lower risk of past TOX infection (aOR: 0.89, 0.88–0.91) suggesting a healthy migrant effect (HME), but a higher risk of recent TOX infection (aOR: 1.88, 1.77–1.99), past CMV infection (aOR: 1.26, 1.25–1.28) and RV infection in natural ways (aOR: 1.05, 1.04–1.06). Compared with intra-provincial migrants, inter-provincial migrants had a lower past TOX infection (aOR: 0.88, 0.85–0.91), but a higher risk of recent TOX infection (aOR: 1.16, 1.05–1.27) and RV infection (aOR: 1.33, 1.31–1.36). In addition, having a migrant spouse was associated with a higher risk for all types of infection.ConclusionThis study reported the association of migrant status and migration distance with TORCH infections, although the significance and directionality of these associations varied between pathogens. The spouse’s migrant status further amplified the infection risk for all types of pathogens. Our findings suggested interventions for preventing the spread of CMV and RV infection and new acquisition of TOX infection for migrants in southern China, to narrow the native-migrant health inequity and decrease the incidence of prenatal infections and related adverse outcomes.

The gene spectrum of thalassemia in Yangjiang of western Guangdong Province.

Background: Thalassemia presents a higher incidence in southern China. The objective of this study is to analyze the genotype distribution of thalassemia in Yangjiang, a western city of Guangdong Province in China. Methods: The genotypes of suspected cases with thalassemia were tested by PCR and reverse dot blot (RDB). Unidentified rare thalassemia genotypes of the samples were further ascertained by PCR and direct DNA sequencing. Results: Among 22467 suspected cases with thalassemia, 7658 cases were found with thalassemia genotypes using our PCR-RDB kit. Among these 7658 cases, 5313 cases were found with α-thalassemia (α-thal) alone, --SEA/αα was the most common genotype, accounting for 61.75% of α-thal genotypes, and the following mutations were found: α3.7/αα, -α4.2/αα, αCSα/αα, αWSα/αα, and αQSα/αα. A total of 2032 cases were found with β-thalassemia (β-thal) alone. βCD41-42/βN, βIVS-II-654/βN, and β-28/βN accounted for 80.9% of all β-thal genotypes, and the following genotypes were found: βCD17/βN, βCD71-72/βN, and βE/βN. Compound heterozygotes of β-thal and β-thalassemia homozygotes were identified in 11 and five cases, respectively, in this study. α-thal combined with β-thal was identified in 313 cases, showing 57 genotype combinations of the coincidence of both Hb disorders; one extreme patient had a genotype of --SEA/αWSα and βCD41-42/β-28. In addition, four rare α-mutations (--THAI, HKαα, Hb Q-Thailand, and CD31 AGG>AAG) and six rare β-mutations (CD39 CAG>TAG, IVS-Ⅱ-2 (-T), -90(C>T), Chinese Gγ+(Aγδβ)0, CD104 (-G), and CD19 A>G) were also found in this study population. Conclusion: This study provided detailed genotypes of thalassemia in Yangjiang of western Guangdong Province in China and reflected the complexity of genotypes in this high-prevalence region, and this would be valuable for diagnosis and counseling for thalassemia in this area.

Molecular epidemiology and transmission of rmtB-positive Escherichia coli among ducks and environment

This study aimed to investigate the transmission and molecular epidemiological characteristics of the rmtB gene in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains isolated from duck farms in Guangdong Province of China from 2018 to 2021. A total of 164 (19.4%, 164/844) rmtB-positive E. coli strains were recovered from feces, viscera, and environment. We performed antibiotic susceptibility tests, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and conjugation experiments. We obtained the genetic context of 46 rmtB-carrying E. coli isolates and constructed a phylogenetic tree via whole genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatic analysis. The isolation rate of rmtB-carrying E. coli isolates in duck farms increased yearly from 2018 to 2020 but decreased in 2021. All rmtB-harboring E. coli strains were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 99.4% of the strains were resistant to more than 10 drugs. Surprisingly, duck- and environment-associated strains similarly showed high MDR. Conjugation experiments revealed that the rmtB gene horizontally cocarried blaCTX-M and blaTEM gene dissemination via IncFII plasmids. Insertion sequences IS26, ISCR1, and ISCR3 were closely associated with the spread of rmtB-harboring E. coli isolates. WGS analysis indicated that ST48 was the most prevalent sequence type. The results of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences revealed potential clonal transmission between ducks and the environment. Based on One Health principles, we need to strictly use veterinary antibiotics, monitor the distribution of MDR strains, and evaluate the impact of plasmid-mediated rmtB gene on human, animal, and environmental health.

Reciprocal relationships between self-esteem, coping styles and anxiety symptoms among adolescents: between-person and within-person effects

BackgroundPrevious researches have not distinguished the between-person effects from the within-person effects when exploring the relationship between self-esteem, coping styles, and anxiety symptoms among adolescents. To address this gap, this study investigated reciprocal associations among self-esteem, coping styles, and anxiety symptoms in a three-wave longitudinal panel survey, using an analytical strategy that disaggregates the within-person and the between-person variance.MethodsData was drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescents’ Mental and Behavioral Well-being Research study conducted in 10 public schools in the Guangdong province of China. All participants had a baseline visit (N = 1957, mean age 13.6, grades 7 and 10) and follow-up interviews at 1-year intervals for 3 years. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model combined with mediation analysis was performed.ResultsAt the within-person level, the following results were observed. (1) Low self-esteem and anxiety symptoms bidirectionally predicted each other. (2) Low self-esteem and negative coping style bidirectionally predicted each other. (3) Anxiety symptoms predicted subsequent negative coping style but not vice versa. At the between-person level, we obtained the following main results. (1) Significant predictive effects on the random intercept were found among all three study constructs. (2) There were sex differences regarding the association between self-esteem and anxiety symptoms and the correlation of females was stronger than that of males. (3) Self-esteem mediated the reciprocal relations between coping styles and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsOverall, findings revealed a reciprocal relationship between low self-esteem and anxiety symptoms for both females and males. Besides, anxiety symptoms predict subsequent negative coping style but not vice versa. We also highlighted the mediating role of self-esteem in the reciprocal relations between coping styles and anxiety symptoms. Thus, interventions targeted at promoting self-esteem and cultivating positive coping style may help reduce adolescent anxiety.

A Study on Motivational Regulation Strategies in English Acquisition of Junior English Majors

A number of previous studies in second language acquisition research motivational strategies in China, but there are scant experimental studies focusing on the group of English majors. The present study investigates motivational regulation strategies and the connections between English performance and the strategies. Participants were 107 junior English majors in Guangdong province in China. In this study, a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview are used to collect data. The main findings of this research include seven strategies: interest enhancement, performance self-talk, mastery self-talk, self-rewards, negative-based incentive, volitional control, and self-efficacy. From the codes of interview contexts, activation of digital media and multimedia needs to be seen as a useful strategy. What’s more, the results show that only negative-based incentives and self-efficacy enhancement have a significant difference in English performance. The findings can provide teachers and students with a deeper understanding of the new use of strategies in learning English as a second language acquisition.

Factors Influencing the Rural Employment Decision of Local Undergraduate College Students in Northern Guangdong Province of China - a perspective based on the Push-pull Theory

Factors Influencing the Rural Employment Decision of Local Undergraduate College Students in Northern Guangdong Province of China - a perspective based on the Push-pull Theory

First report of 16SrII-V phytoplasma associated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) phyllody in China

Cowpea plants exhibiting virescence, phyllody and little leaf symptoms were observed in the fields of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong province of China in October 2020. Total DNA was extracted from symptomatic cowpea leaves. Using phytoplasma universal primer pairs (R16mF2/R16mR1, P1/P7) and a secA primer pair (secAfor1/secArev3), expected PCR fragments of approximately 1400, 1800 and 800 bp were amplified from all symptomatic cowpea leaves. MUSCLE analysis revealed that the representative 16S rRNA gene sequence of cowpea phyllody phytoplasma (CPP) shared 98.67% nucleotide identity with the reference strain WBDL of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ (GenBank accession number U15442); and 100% nucleotide identity with 16SrII-V phytoplasmas associated with ‘Praxelis clematidea’ phyllody (GenBank accession number KY568717); ‘Desmodium triflorum’ little leaf (GenBank accession number MT452308); and ‘Ixeris chinensis’, ‘Emilia sonchifolia’, and ‘Desmodium ovalifolium’ witches’ broom (GenBank accession number MT416114, MT420682 and MK956144, respectively). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA and secA gene sequences revealed that the CPP strain clustered with the 16SrII-V subgroup and 16SrII group, respectively. Virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence revealed that CPP was associated with the 16SrII-V subgroup. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the16SrII-V subgroup of phytoplasmas associated with cowpea phyllody disease.

Genotype and Phenotype of α-Thalassemia Fusion Gene in Huadu District of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province of China

To explore the carrier rate, genotype and phenotype of α-thalassemia fusion gene in Huadu district of Guangzhou, Guangdong province of China, and provide data reference for the prevention and control of thalassemia. A total of 10 769 samples who were screened for thalassemia in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huadu District from July 2019 to November 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Blood cell analysis and hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis were performed. Thalassemia genes were analyzed by gap-PCR and PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization (PCR-RDB). A total of 9 cases with α-thalassemia fusion gene were detected in 10 769 samples (0.08%). There were 7 cases with fusion gene heterozygote, 1 case with compound of α-thalassemia fusion gene and Hb G-Honolulu, 1 case with compound of α-thalassemia fusion gene and Hb QS. The MCV results of 4 samples of blood cell analysis were within the reference range, the Hb A2 value of 1 case was decreased, and there were no other abnormalities found. The α-thalassemia fusion gene is common in Huadu district of Guangzhou, and heterozygotes are more common, and current screening methods easily lead to misdiagnosis.

Small population of the largest water strider after the late Pleistocene and the implications for its conservation

Climate oscillation and its synergistic impacts on habitat fragmentation have been identified as threatening the survival of some extant species. However, the mechanisms by which semi-aquatic insects impacted by such events remain poorly understood. Herein, we studied the largest water strider in the world, Gigantometra gigas, to explore the effect of these two factors on its evolutionary history. The sequences of mitogenomic and nrDNA cluster were utilized to reconstruct phylogenetic relationship among G. gigas populations and its demographic history. Mitochondrial genes were separately reconstructed topologies of that populations and detected remarkable differences. We found that G. gigas populations conform to the isolation-by-distance model, and decline occurred at about 120 ka, which was probably influenced by the climate change during the late Pleistocene and eventually maintained a small effective population size (Ne) around 85,717. The populations in Guangdong Province of China are worthy of note in that they exhibit low genetic diversity, a small Ne around 18,899 individuals, and occupy an area with little suitable future habitat for G. gigas. This work recommends that conservation efforts are implemented to ensure the long-term survival of small G. gigas populations, and notes that further evaluation of their extinction risk under the impacts of human activities is required.

Assessment of Mound Soils Bacterial Community of the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta across Guangdong Province of China

Soil microbes have a wide range of distribution across the world and can be found in different agricultural and forest systems including cultivated soils, ant mounds, decaying trees, leaves, roots, and on insect bodies. Across five counties of Guangdong province of China, the assemblage of bacterial associates of red imported fire ant (RIFA) were examined. The locations were selected based on evidence of high presence of RIFA mounds in these regions. Samples were analyzed from mound soils, plant debris within mounds, and the ant body. The current study analyzed bacterial species composition and richness patterns, where 525 isolates were recovered in total, comprising 44 bacterial taxa. Taxa abundance was highest in the ant body at 35 taxa, while the values were relatively similar across soil substrate and plant debris, where 3 and 6 taxa, respectively, were recorded. The highest bacterial taxa recovery rate was recorded in Guangzhou, where a total of 17 taxa were isolated. Myroides odoratimimus was the most common across all substrates and locations among the bacterial taxa. Others with the highest isolation frequencies includes, Enterobacter cloacae, Vagococcus fluvialis, and Myroides odoratus. The understanding of the bacterial community composition of RIFA is crucial for the development of successful management techniques for these notorious social ants. In order to expand on the findings of the current study, it is imperative to understand if the associated microbial communities of the RIFA form a parasitic, antagonistic, or mutualistic relationship with their host. In this vein, further studies would examine the influence of the characterized bacterial associates of the RIFA on the social behavior, physiology, and the host response to foreign pathogens.

Factors associated with formal help-seeking for domestic violence in urban China

Abstract The promulgation and implementation of the China Anti-Domestic Violence Law have effectively solved many problems related to domestic violence at the legislative level, but the law received no clear feedback when implemented in specific communities. This study aims to examine factors associated with formal help-seeking for domestic violence in urban China. This study mainly collected survey data in a neighbourhood community in Y City, Guangdong Province of China. A total of 1,062 valid samples were used for analysis. Our findings demonstrate the awareness of the definition, nature, types and harm of domestic violence, the perception regarding the propaganda and the implementation of domestic violence, and the influence of individual experience of domestic violence have impacts on the intention to seek formal help. However, the traditional cultural perspective is not associated with the intention to seek formal help. Policymakers and practitioners should vigorously promote anti-domestic violence laws and related projects to inform people about domestic violence and improve the implementation of anti-domestic violence policies and programmes.

Emergence of human-porcine reassortment G9P[19] porcine rotavirus A strain in Guangdong Province, China.

Group A rotaviruses of the family Reoviridae is one of the important intestinal pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets and humans. A human-porcine reassortment rotavirus, GDJM1, was identified from outbreak of diarrhea in suckling piglets and it associated with 60.00% (324/540) morbidity and 20.99% (68/324) mortality in Guangdong Province of China in 2022. Thus, to further characterize the evolutionary diversity of GDJM1, all gene segments were analyzed. The genome constellation was G9-P[19]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. Nucleotide sequence identity and phylogenetic analyses showed that the VP6, VP7, NSP4 and NSP5 genes of GDJM1 were the most closely related to the respective genes of porcine strains, with the highest homology ranging from 95.65-98.55% identity. The remaining seven genes (VP1-VP4, NSP1-NSP3) were the most closely related to human strains, with the highest homology ranging from 91.83-96.69% similarity. Therefore, it is likely that GDJM1 emerged as the result of genetic reassortment between porcine and human rotaviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first report that a human-porcine reassortment G9P[19] RVA strain has been identified in mainland China, which providing important insights into evolutionary characterization of G9P[19] RVA strain, and reveals that the strain has a potential risk of cross-species transmission.

A Case of Mycobacteriosis in Cultured Japanese Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) in Southern China

Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) is an important species of cultured marine fish with high economic value in China. Nevertheless, from May to November 2019, mass mortality among cultured Japanese seabass occurred in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province of China. Approximately 0.2–0.5% mortality was recorded daily, and the cumulative mortality was up to 30% during this disease outbreak. In this study, the clinical signs and pathological characteristics of diseased fish were investigated. Furthermore, the pathogenicity and antibiotic sensitivity of identified pathogenic bacteria from diseased fish were analyzed. The infected fish showed clinical signs of uncoordinated swimming; anorexia; pigment changes; and a number of 1–5 mm grayish-white nodules in the liver, spleen, and kidney tissues was also found. A bacterial strain, which was designated as ZHLJ2019, was isolated from the diseased fish. To ensure that ZHLJ2019 isolate was the causative agent, a Koch postulate trial was performed. Healthy Japanese seabass were infected by the intraperitoneal injection of 5 × 104, 5 × 105 and 5 × 106 CFU/fish, and cumulative mortalities within 42 days were 75%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. The bacteria colony had traditional morphological and biochemical characteristics similar to that of Mycobacterium marinum. Phylogenetic molecular analyses of 16S rRNA, rpoB, hsp65, erp, and ITS genes confirmed that the isolated strain ZHLJ2019 was M. marinum. The granulomatous inflammation in internal organs of Japanese seabass naturally and experimentally infected with ZHLJ2019 isolate was consistent with the classic pathological features of mycobacteriosis. Drug susceptibility of ZHLJ2019 isolate to 11 antibiotics was determined by broth dilution method in vitro. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of minocycline, rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid, streptomycin, doxycycline hydrochloride, kanamycin sulfate, levofloxacin, roxithromycin, and prothionamide against the strain ZHLJ2019 were 4, 2, 8, 4, 16, 8, 8, 8, 4, and 8 μg/mL, respectively. The results of this study suggest that M. marinum is the causal agent responsible for the morbidity and mortality of Japanese seabass cultured in intensive brackish water dirt ponds in southern China.

Assessment of dietary nutrient intake and its relationship to the nutritional status of patients with Crohn's Disease in Guangdong Province of China.

to investigate the association between the dietary nutrient intake and nutritional status of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). sixty CD patients who had been diagnosed but had not begun treatment were enrolled. The dietary nutrient intake was recorded after three days of 24-hour recall and was calculated using NCCW2006 software. The nutrition levels were assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Indicators included body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference, the circumference of the upper-arm muscle, triceps skinfold thickness, handgrip strength, and the circumference of the lower legs. eighty-five per cent of CD patients did not meet the necessary energy requirements. Of these, the protein and dietary fiber intake in 63.33 % and 100 %, respectively, were below the standard of the Chinese dietary reference. Many patients had insufficient intake of vitamins, as well as other macro- and micronutrients. An inverse association was observed between the risk of malnutrition and higher levels of energy (1,590.0-2,070.6 kcal/d, OR = 0.050, 95 % CI: 0.009-0.279) and protein (55.6-70.5 g/d, OR = 0.150, 95 % CI: 0.029-0.773). Appropriate supplementation of vitamin E, calcium, and other dietary nutrients helped to reduce the risk of malnutrition. significant deficiencies in dietary nutrient intake were found in CD patients, and dietary intake was associated with the nutritional status of the patient. Appropriate adjustment and supplementation of nutrient intake may reduce malnutrition risk in CD patients. The gap between actual consumption and recommendation indicates a need for improved nutritional counseling and monitoring. Early relevant advice for the dietary guidance of CD patients may be beneficial for long-term effects associated with nutritional status.

Coupling Coordination Relationship between Tourism Industry and Ecological Civilization: A Case Study of Guangdong Province in China

Ecological civilization has a significant role in the sustainable development of the regional tourism industry. The high dependence of tourism on ecological civilization contributes to the complex interaction between the two. How to coordinate the relationship between tourism and ecological civilization has affected the sustainable development and ecological civilization strategy of Guangdong Province and even the whole of China. Previous quantitative research on the coupling and coordination of the two has certain limitations. One limitation is the lack of dynamic prediction. In this paper, an evaluation index system of the relationship between tourism and ecological civilization is constructed. Quantitative methodologies such as entropy-weight, gray relation analysis, and obstacle degree are integrated. Meanwhile, the gray model (GM), GM (1,1) model is used for prediction. The data sample is based on the years 2005 to 2021 in Guangdong Province, China. The main results are as follows: (1) Tourism and ecological civilization both rise slowly from a low starting point. Affected by the epidemic, tourism declines rapidly in 2020 and rises slowly in 2021, but it still lags behind ecological civilization. Both continue a slow upward trend over the next decade. (2) The degree of coupling coordination has undergone a fluctuating evolution from moderate disorder to mild coordination and falls back to the barely coordination stage from 2020 to 2021. In the next decade, the coupling coordination between the two will be gradually optimized. The coupling coordination degree will be greater than 0.8 having entered a benign coordination stage in 2028; (3) The gray relation and obstacle factors show different dynamics. High gray relation comes from the ecological civilization. Partial factors are still in the region with high gray relation and high obstacle degree. The results of this paper are expected to contribute to a more appropriate ecotourism model and provide some enlightenment for implementing the effectively coordinated sustainable development of tourism and ecological civilization in Guangdong Province, China, as well as those areas with the same industrial characteristics.

Landslide Susceptibility Prediction: Improving the Quality of Landslide Samples by Isolation Forests

Landslide susceptibility prediction (LSP) is the first step to ease landslide disasters with the application of various machine learning methods. A complete landslide inventory, which is essential but difficult to obtain, should include high-quality landslide and non-landslide samples. The insufficient number of landslide samples and the low purity of non-landslide samples limit the performance of the machine learning models. In response, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of isolated forest (IF) to solve the problem of insufficient landslide samples. IF belongs to unsupervised learning, and only a small share of landslide samples in the study area were required for modeling, while the remaining samples were used for testing. Its performance was compared to another advanced integration model, adaptive boosting integrated with decision tree (Ada-DT), which belongs to two-class classifiers (TCC) and needs a sufficient number of samples. Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province in China, was selected as the study area, and 13 predisposing factors were prepared for the modeling. Results showed that the IF proved its effectiveness with an AUC value of 0.875, although the Ada-DT model performed better (AUC = 0.921). IF outperformed the Ada-DT model in terms of recognizing landslides, and the sensitivity values of IF and the Ada-DT model were 90.00% and 86.67%, respectively, while the Ada-DT model performed better in terms of specificity. Two susceptibility maps obtained by the models were basically consistent with the field investigation, while the areas predicted by IF tended to be conservative as higher risk areas were presented, and the Ada-DT model was likely to be risky. It is suggested to select non-landslide samples from the very low susceptibility areas predicted by the IF model to form a more reliable sample set for Ada-DT modeling. The conclusion confirms the practicality and advancement of the idea of anomaly detection in LSP and improves the application potential of machine learning algorithms for geohazards.