GSM Network Research Articles

The Concept of a Hybrid Data Transmission Network with a Mobile Application Intended for Monitoring the Operating Parameters of a Solar Power Plant

Often, solar power parks are built in remote areas where the provider’s internet connection using the GSM network is insufficient. In addition, in order to monitor the parameters of each solar module, a very dense arrangement of IoT components would be required, as a result of which the speed of the external network would not be sufficient. In solving this problem, a hybrid data transmission network (there are no universal hybrid network concepts proposed in the literature for monitoring the operating parameters of a solar power park) was designed and tested for the monitoring system of the working parameters (voltage, current, etc.) of the solar power plant. This network consists of RF modules, RS458 modules communicating with a twisted pair cable, a GSM module, etc. PIC series microcontrollers with original programming code written in the C language were used to ensure the operation of the monitoring system and the hybrid data network. The data of the operating parameters of the solar power plant are stored centrally on a server, in a MySQL database. The central server has the ability to display data not only on the graphical output device, but also to transmit it to mobile devices using the Android operating system. During the testing of this network, observations of the working parameters of the 870 W solar power plant were made. Observations lead to the conclusion that such a network can be fully used in solar power parks as an alternative to the GSM network. Analyzing the data, it was found that the efficiency of bifacial type batteries is about 15–20% higher than that of traditional, silicon-based solar batteries. The voltammetric characteristics of a bifacial type battery, a new silicon battery and a 10-year-old battery basically match, which means that the silicon active material of all types of batteries has a similar alloying degree and the same internal resistance.

Desain Sistem Peringatan Dini Bencana Kebakaran Hutan Berbasis Jaringan Sensor dan Short Message Service (SMS)

Forest fires in a number of areas in Indonesia have become more frequent in recent years. This incident raises many problems in various areas of life. The Indonesian government has and continues to make preventive and curative efforts to minimize the occurrence of forest fires and the losses that occur. In line with the government's efforts, this paper proposes the design of a forest fire early warning system based on a sensor network and Short Message Service (SMS). This system consists of a subsystem on the forest side and a subsystem on the observation office side. The subsystem in the forest uses a sensor network of fire detector modules, smoke of MQ2, temperature and humidity of DHT11 to read the state of the forest, and utilizes the microcontroller of ATmega16 to acquire and process forest state data. Data processing that produces indications of forest fires will trigger the sound of sirens to convey these indications quickly to the people living around the forest. The data is sent to the observation office subsystem via SMS packets of GSM network. The monitoring application receives data of forest conditions and stores them in a database for further data processing.

IoT based real-time monitoring system of rainfall and water level for flood prediction using LSTM Network

Floods in recent years have frequently resulted in environmental, economic, as well as loss of human life. People are less aware of incoming floods if there is no early warning system. This proposal outlines the design of a monitoring system to obtain real-time data on rain gauge and water level. The monitoring system is based on IoT via a GSM network to provide real-time data cloud and dashboard display on Grafana platform. The rainfall forecasting model used Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to predict future rainfall and water level values which could cause floods. The result was experimented with using historical data since the current data of the monitoring system is insufficient yet to make an accurate prediction. The main findings of the research are the predicted values of streamflow and rainfall for historical data, also water level and rain gauge for new data. The primary result was experimented with using historical data on two rainfall stations and one streamflow. Also, the primary result was experimented with using new data on two water level stations and one rainfall. The forecasting method that applied LSTM showed high accuracy of the result reaching more than 90%. Based on these results, the system can be used as a non-structural solution to alleviate the damage caused by urban floods.

Investigation of Point Refractivity Gradient and Geoclimatic Factor at 70 m Altitude in Yenagoa, Nigeria

The quality of services provided via Inter-Terrestrial radio communication links such as GSM networks, Wide Area Network (WAN), Radio and TV broadcasts is largely influenced by some meteorological parameters such as temperature, pressure and humidity. Proper knowledge of these parameters, specifically at microwave antenna heights (about 70m) is important in order to maintain an effective line-of-sight (LOS) link even during the worst weather conditions. The geoclimatic factor is an important quantity that must be considered in the design of terrestrial links for effective wireless communication. This work utilized satellite data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to compute the point refractivity gradient and geoclimatic factor for Yenagoa and its environs. The research was necessitated by the paucity of research on this subject matter for Yenegoa. The results of the research show that point refractivity gradient and geoclimatic factor in the study area vary with season. The average point refractivity gradient and geoclimatic factor at 70 m above the ground level are:136.433 N-unit/Km and 6.638633E-05 respectively. This implies that radiowaves propagating in this region at the said altitude is most likely to be super refractive in both rain and clear air atmospheric conditions. Rain or worst condition refers to the period when atmospheric components such as hydrometeor, lithometeor, aerosol have significant effects on propagated radio signals. Clear-air conditions means when maximum possible signal is received such that the most threatening atmospheric components (rain drops) have negligible effects on propagated signal. The results will be useful for radio engineers in the design and configuration of inter-terrestrial microwave links in Yenagoa and Its environs for optimum quality of service.

Gaining new insights into macroplastic transport ‘hotlines’ and fine-scale retention-remobilisation using small floating high-resolution satellite drifters in the Chao Phraya River estuary of Bangkok

In river plastic pollution research little is known about the detailed pathways and interruptions that occur during the journey of macroplastic debris (>5 cm) from land to sea. Data on fine-scale and high-accuracy transport trajectories and cycles of retention (when macroplastics are trapped, e.g. at a pier) and remobilisation is needed to inform global river plastic transport models as well as mechanical cleanup efforts. Though well established in the marine environment, the use of floating satellite drifters to understand macroplastic debris transport in tidal rivers and estuaries is in its infancy. Exploring the capacity to investigate fine-scale macroplastic debris-estuary interactions, this study brings together, on the one hand, a small, sensitive, floating satellite drifter with, on the other hand, the major riverine-marine habitat of the Chao Phraya River estuary at Bangkok, Thailand. The used grapefruit-sized drifters (n = 5) with minimal drogue (ρ ≈ 0.67 g/cm3) sent their positions at up to 4 m and 5 min spatiotemporal resolution via cellular GSM network for up to 48 days. This study indicates that river macroplastic debris transport ‘hotlines’ (positions where floating debris will likely pass by in a river) as well as retention-remobilisation cycles can be studied at fine scale. On their way through the river and gulf, covering between 9 and 696 km, drifters got stuck up to 23 times, spending 80% of their river lifetime in retention. Furthermore, it is outlined that the trajectories can be linked with environmental factors such as bathymetry and tides to more accurately model macroplastic debris behaviour in rivers. Finally, it is shown that trajectories crossing the riverine-marine continuum at the estuary can be accurately traced to support future investigations on the so far scarcely evidenced river mouth emissions of macroplastic debris.

Autonomous wireless sound gauge device for measuring liquid level in well

The paper describes an acoustic measurement and control method for remote monitoring of liquid level determination in wells and reservoirs. Before the paper, the task was to increase the depth of noncontact measurement of the liquid level in the well by measuring the time of direct propagation of ultrasound from the transmitter to the receiver, which, in contrast to the reflected sound, provides a much greater range of sound propagation and also the range of measurement and monitoring it using GSM networks. Data is returned to the main module via a USB channel or wireless radio transmitter 24 from the measurement channel. With the help of the first, ultrasound's propagation speed is determined, and the second time determines the distance from the installation site of the main module to the measuring part located on the surface of the well water in a floating position. In the main microcontroller, if the GSM network is available 16, the data is transmitted to the host server; otherwise, it is stored in the internal flash memory to wait for the availability of the GSM network, after which again, all micro-controllers of the device switch to energy-saving mode until the next measurement cycle.

IoT-BASED VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEM FOR KHULNA UNIVERSITY

Right now, there is no perceptible vehicle management framework for Khulna university that provides a vehicle monitoring system, real-time fuel consumption data analysis, vehicle route optimization by calculating passenger traffic, and so on. Albeit creating that framework is the holistic objective of the total project, the significant objective of this paper is to propose a cost-effective, reliable IoT-based vehicle monitoring system for Khulna University based on the developed prototype device. The open-source controller and GPS-GPRS-based module determine the real-time position of the vehicle, and the location of the test vehicle can be communicated via GPRS, which is provided by the GSM network. This real-time location data is stored in a web-based IoT platform. Authorized users of the system can access this information via the internet. The proposed solution will facilitate all stakeholders, including teachers, students, and other Khulna University staffs, to use this information to make smarter travel selections. This will also pave the way for future research like intelligent vehicle route optimization by storing real data from different vehicles of Khulna University on the online database.

Quality of Service Reliability: A Study of Received Signal Quality in GSM Networks

Every radio frequency (RF) design, after its implantation, should be regularly evaluated. The kernel of this article is to evaluate the performance of four GSM networks, taking its received signal quality (RxQual) into consideration. A total of 10501, 10140, 10415 and 10690 RxQual measurements were obtained for MTN, 9mobile, Airtel and Globacom network. These generated data were subjected to statistical analysis in the form of bar charts, quality plots and calculations of measures of central tendency and dispersion. Result shows that 78.43%, 92.18%, 90.68% and 86.93% of the drive test route for MTN, 9mobile, Airtel and Globacom network had good signal quality and met with the Nigerian telecommunication regulatory benchmark of at least 4dB for RxQual. It is therefore deduced that in terms of RxQual, 9mobile was the best GSM network, followed by Airtel network, Globacom network and then MTN network. The result provided in this article will help mobile network operators to improve signal quality, ensure improved network coverage and increase network capacity in the future.

Investigate the Viability of Digital Marketing on Buying of Extravagance Brands from Customer Perception

Companies have looked for to adjust compelling advanced promoting strategies to urge a competitive advantage as the industry shifts away from brick-and-mortar to e-commerce. Within the retail segment, versatile gadgets are getting to be more noteworthy, and modern buyer merchandise with transportable Web associations are presently being created at a fast speed. Advanced gadgets may perform numerous of the same capacities as tablets, but they can have extra usefulness such as standardized identification skimming, position-based apps, and close stop communique. Such nuts and bolts shape the innovation can be accomplished and utilized into the modern promoting techniques and hones, the show ponder is an exertion to examine the affect of digitalization on the modern showcasing methodologies and hones. The ponder is taken after by a overview investigation, by collecting the essential information, and come about that a positive impact of digitalization and its utilize within the modern showcasing techniques and hones with a noteworthiness level below 5%. Contribution: The first extremely important behavioral trend is the expansion of the consumption of technology, related to Internet growth. The growth of e-commerce is an essential factor in the expansion of young purchasers' technology consumption. Digitalization is made feasible by the extensive use of contemporary cellphones that operate on GSM networks and have Internet connection. The present study will contribute to the body of literature related to the luxury brand consumption predicted by the usage of digitalization. The research will fill in the gaps by incorporating the specific population for this study. Because it entails researching business models utilizing digital technology in order to decrease costs and increase the company's worldwide reach, digitalization is becoming more essential in today's competitive market. Due to the fact that the store is not in a set place, it not only benefits consumers, but it also relieves the organization's stress by eliminating the possibility of wear and tear or theft of products. It also guarantees quality and helps to minimize fraud since there is transparency in the company and a highly competitive market where consumers have the freedom to make their own decisions about what to buy. Keywords: Digitalization, Contemporary Marketing Strategies DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/87-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2022

SISTEM DE COMUNICAȚIE MOBIL, GSM-WIFI, PENTRU VEHICULELE AGRICOLE

The research carried out in this paper aimed to create a communication network for a fleet of agricultural vehicles by means of which to transmit and receive information on the status of work, working time, processed areas, number of machines used and much more necessary information. Communication is based on GSM and WiFi standards, which bring the most secure security standards in data protection to this network. The major advantage of the solution presented is that all the important information is concentrated in one place. The proposed communication system consists of a mobile device that routes the WiFi network on a GSM network that has a minimum 3G standard but also works with 5G, depending on the GSM operator and the devices that are mounted on vehicles, which communicate over the WiFi network. The communication device was mounted on an electric tractor, where it was powered by the tractor's power source. In this communication architecture, the vehicle transmitted information to a control centre and also to other vehicles in the vicinity. The system was able to receive data from other devices, authorized in the system, which could be fixed in the field. The collected data were transmitted to a server in a remote location. The obtained results showed a decrease of signal strength while getting further away from the tractor, with good results up to 100 m radius.

Automated health monitoring system for premature fetus


 
 
 Our research is about the premature infant Monitoring system based on wireless Technology. A prototype is developed which gives a reliable and efficient baby monitoring system that can play a significant role in providing higher kid care. This system monitor vital parameters such as body Temperature, Pulse rate, Cry Movement ,Blood oxygen level(spo2),heart rate and the physical activity of an infant and using GSM Network .GSM is an open and digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services operates at the 850MHZ and 1900MHZ frequency bands. This information is transferred to their parents. Measurements of these vital parameters can be done and underneath risk, Scenario sent to the parents with SMS alert to intimate the proper control action. So that we can reduce the death of the premature fetus.
 
 

Research of LoRaWAN productivity performance models for building IoT networks

The study of the LoRaWAN method applicationperformance models intheIoT networks, which is currently being intensively developed, improved and is an important component of the information society. LoRa is a new long-range, low-power wireless technology that is key to building IoT networks around the world. Unlike other wireless technologies, the signal range and autonomy are enormous. Unlike GSM networks, it does not require bulky equipment with a high level of radiation.Itcan be easily used in places with mass construction without harm to human health. Two main scenarios for modeling performance improvement were investigated. Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that doubling the bandwidth effectively doubles the baud rate, and increasing the bandwidth reduces the sensitivity of the receiver, while increasing the propagation factor increases the sensitivity of the receiver. It is shown that by slightly changing the ACK procedure, it is possible to significantly improve the system performance in terms of packet delivery factor, system capacity, and energyefficiency. Conversely, it is determined that other system parameters are already well configured.

EMD Based Semantic User Similarity using Past Travel Histories

The cost-effective and easy availability of handheld mobile devices and ubiquity of location acquisition services such as GPS and GSM networks has helped expedient logging and sharing of location histories of mobile users. This work aims to find semantic user similarity using their past travel histories. Application of the semantic similarity measure can be found in tourism-related recommender systems and information retrieval. The paper presents Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) based semantic user similarity measure using users' GPS logs. The similarity measure is applied and evaluated on the GPS dataset of 182 users collected from April 2007 to August 2012 by Microsoft's GeoLife project. The proposed similarity measure is compared with conventional similarity measures used in literature such as Jaccard, Dice, and Pearsons’ Correlation. The percentage improvement of EMD based approach over existing approaches in terms of average RMSE is 10.70%, and average MAE is 5.73%.

GSM Based Motor Control System with Water Level Monitoring

Abstract: Agriculture is the backbone of India's economy. In the eyes of the villagers, the agricultural sector is highly significant. The key factor that determines the productivity of agricultural fields is water supply. Irrigation is a technical procedure that involves artificially delivering water to cultivated land or soil. Irrigating the land with an agriculture motor involves pumping groundwater to the surface. This concept makes farming easier for farmers by allowing them to manage their field's Motor from their mobile devices. A Control system, according to a wise scientist, is a system that will enable us to shut down the machine at any time. That is the distinction between a machine that is controlled and one that is not. It is the goal of our project to make this control system more efficient and dynamic. The automatic control, as the name implies, is used to regulate the Motor from a remote location, monitor its working parameters, and get input from the Motor itself. Our goal is to control the Motor from afar using a mobile DTMF tone and receive feedback via SMS when it is on or off. These feedbacks are also sent to us by SMS. Because the GSM network is available everywhere in our country, we decided to use it to control our Motor and send feedback. We also use the GSM network because it eliminates the requirement for additional networking equipment. We utilize a GSM modem at the motor end to transmit feedback signals, and we generate control signals using mobile DTMF because it is very simple to generate DTMF using a mobile station and send feedback SMS using a modem. In the industrial sector, we expect that our project will be useful and cost-effective in operating motors.

METHOD FOR EVALUATION QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES

Currently, cellular networks have become widespread, the operators of which simultaneously use the infrastructure of the second-generation GSM networks, DCS to build third-generation W-CDMA networks that provide broadband multiple access with code division. At the same time, the problem of providing high-speed Internet connections is exacerbated due to the growing volume of data of diverse types transmitted over the Internet. When testing the entire network coverage area, the total number of voice calls increases, so a method of long-term measurement of the bit rate of information transmission via wireless communication channels is proposed, which does not increase the service information in the network. Mathematical modeling of Internet traffic consumption using the proposed measurement method is performed and entropy estimates of information channel bandwidth are given.

Mobile Phone Based Home Surveillance System

This paper presents an application of the GSM technology. Using the public GSM networks, a mobile phone based home surveillance system has been designed. The system automatically sends sms messages to specified phone / phones in case any door or window is opened by some intruder. The system also allows the homeowner monitoring and controlling the electrical home appliances via the mobile phone by sending commands in the form of SMS messages and receiving the appliances status. Virtual control panel is realized using VB on windows 98. Electronic circuit to control security and electrical appliances is interfaced to PC using PCL-812 Lab card. This home surveillance system has been tested and found to very effective in security control as well as controlling and monitoring electrical home appliances virtually from any place.

Ubiquitous on-demand Water Reservoir Tracking System for Smart Village

One of the natural resources that is vital to our existence as humans is water. Since humans use water in their daily lives, it is essential to check the water level to solve extensive water supply especially during major crisis period. It is the most significant to make it available and avoid wastage. Background study highlights some earlier work on using GSM network services to monitor our system and also specifies the creation of a prepaid water metre system that lets for remote monitoring and charging of water intake without the need for human involvement. In this paper, we proposed a model that is described along with web-based data acquisition platform integrated to retrieve data through cellular networks. Using this technology many people like farmers are aware from time to time of their water level condition especially in summer or dry time in their different urban, semi-urban, or rural areas so that they use their water as per their demand. Our Internet of Things (IoT) based system also gives an automated alarm system that can send a message to its registered user for a drop of water level of any resources at their area. Therefore, our project is to develop an architecture which can measure volume of water in different water bodies along with geographical location. A mobile based application has been developed for real-time search along with water level status. So, it will help to balance our ecosystem. Our long-term goal is to provide a more reliable source of drinking water for the inhabitants of the locality.

METHODS FOR ENSURING DATA SECURITY IN MOBILE STANDARDS

The analysis of mobile communication standards is carried out, the functional structure and interfaces of interaction between the structural elements of the cellular network are considered. To understand the principle of communication according to the GSM standard, a block diagram of a mobile switching center (MSC), base station equipment (BSS), control and service center (MCC), mobile stations (MS) is presented. The main algorithms for ensuring the confidentiality and security of mobile subscribers' data, in different types of standards, as well as the vulnerabilities of information flows are considered. In particular, the following dangerous types of attacks have been identified, to which mobile network subscribers are sensitive: sniffing; leakage of personal data; leakage of geolocation data; spoofing; remote capture of SIM-card, execution of arbitrary code (RCE); denial of service (DoS). It is established that the necessary function of the mobile network is the identification of subscribers, which is performed by IMSI, which is recorded in the SIM card of the subscriber and the HLR of the operator. To protect against spoofing, the network authenticates the subscriber before starting its service. In the case of subscriber identification, the subscriber and the network operator are protected from the effects of fraudulent access. In addition, the user must be protected from eavesdropping. This is achieved by encrypting the data transmitted over the radio interface. Thus, user authentication in UMTS, as well as in the GSM network, is carried out using encryption with a common key using the "hack-response" protocol (the authenticating party sends a random number to the authenticated party, which encrypts it according to a certain algorithm using a common key and returns the result back).

Fabrication of Autonomous Fire Protection Robot with Notification

The security of the home, laboratory, office, industry, and building is essential to human life. We are building a smart security system based on a multi-sensor sensor that contains a fire extinguisher robot in our daily lives.The destructive cause of electricity burning is a very high source. This is because the security system cannot detect an unusual and dangerous situation and inform them. Otherwise, the user may have difficulty identifying a minor cause of electrical burns. A user may take longer to extinguish a fire than to find a water source to put out a fire when you want to put out a fire. Difficulty with fire detection of small burnt area and hard to reach user space Sometimes hard fire extinguished for example spaces are difficult to detect. Therefore, the design of the "Autonomous Fire Protection Robot with notification" with an intelligent architectural fire extinguisher controlled by a small PIC18F4550 controller and supported by an independent CYTRON SK40C board and one additional circuit.This robot will transfer to the fire source when the fire sensor receives fire and will send a message to any GSM network phone via a modem connected to a configurable device. The robot was also programmed to stop before the robot hit the flames. This robot can also extinguish a fire of 45 degrees on the upper side and 45 degrees on the lower side. This robot involved the fingercutting function of a fire extinguisher.

A comparative assessment of GSM and UMTS Networks

A comparative assessment of GSM and UMTS Networks