Grass Growth Research Articles

Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Rumput Odot yang diberi Feses Sapi yang Difermentasi

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the development and productivity of Odot grass in the presence of fermented cow dung. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) non-factorial research method consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. An experiment was conducted using the parameters of odot grass plant height, number of odot grass leaves, fresh forage production, and dry forage production to ascertain the impact of feeding fermented cow feces on the growth of odot grass (Pennisetrum purpureum Cv.Mott) in order to yield the best results. When odot plants are treated according to the level of need, the best treatment is the provision of fermented cow feces fertilizer. This has a significant impact on the growth and productivity of odot grass, allowing it to produce maximum results in terms of plant height, number of leaves, fresh forage, and dry weight. 200 grams, one odot grass cutting, 100 milliliters of water, and a polybag with a 1:10:50 fermentation ratio.

Effects of Phenotypic Plasticity and Genetic Variation on Plant Growth and Litter Decomposition in a Widespread Wetland Grass

Effects of Phenotypic Plasticity and Genetic Variation on Plant Growth and Litter Decomposition in a Widespread Wetland Grass

Studies on Grass Germination and Growth on Post-Flotation Sediments

The sediments remaining after copper flotation (here referred to as to flotation tailings) are generally characterized by nutrient deficiency and heavy metal enrichment, presenting significant obstacles to vegetation establishment and the development of sustainable ecosystems. This research aimed to evaluate the germination and growth performance of eight grass species on these tailings compared to reference conditions. Seed germination was assessed across flotation tailings, sand, and controlled laboratory environments. Initial establishment success was determined by measuring seedling height and root length three weeks after sowing in a glasshouse pot experiment. The findings revealed that Bromus inermis, Bromus catharticus, and Elytrigia elongata were capable of germinating and growing successfully in the challenging substrate, indicating their potential role in sustainable land management. Despite demonstrating excellent germination and seedling growth under test conditions, Bromus tectorum was deemed unsuitable due to its potential for invasive behavior, which could threaten the sustainability of revegetation efforts. Furthermore, species commonly employed for the revegetation of difficult terrains, including Festuca arundinacea, Festuca rubra, and Lolium perenne, proved entirely ineffective for the sustainable treatment of these flotation tailings.

Foot traffic on turf primarily shaped the endophytic bacteriome of the soil-rhizosphere-root continuum.

Foot traffic on turf can cause grass wear-stress and soil compaction, adversely impacting turf health. The root microbiome, consisting of diverse microbes, plays a crucial role in enhancing plant resilience to abiotic stressors. However, the effects of foot traffic on these microbes and the mechanisms they employ to help plant survival remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated how foot traffic affected microbial communities of the root endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil in Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) and Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) turfs. Foot traffic was simulated to mimic six professional football games per week using a modified Baldree traffic simulator. High-throughput amplicon sequencing targeting 16S rRNA for bacteria and ITS for fungi was employed to analyze microbial communities. Foot traffic slightly and significantly reduced soil moisture and inorganic nitrogen, likely due to soil compaction and associated impairment on microbial activity. Microbial alpha diversity varied across microhabitats, with no discernible effect of foot traffic. However, microbial community composition was impacted by foot traffic, being more pronounced on bacteria of the root endosphere and on fungi of the bulk soil. In light of the genetic potential predicted by PICRUSt2, foot traffic enriched a few pathways of the endophytic bacteriome, including nitrifier denitrification (PWY7084) and mannosylglycerate biosynthesis (PWY5656). This indicated that root endophytes could help turfgrass to tolerate foot traffic via controls on the concentration of nitric oxide, the signaling molecule for root growth, and mannosylglycerate, the compatible solute for protecting enzymes against osmotic stress. Foot traffic also enhanced degradation pathways of carbohydrates and 4-coumarate, the constituent of turfgrass cell walls (PWY-3801, PWY-2221, PWY-7046), indicating the faster turnover of root tissues. Along the root-rhizosphere-bulk soil continuum, the bacteriome varied substantially in composition and also exhibited contrasting genetic potentials from stress alleviation to nutrient supply in coping with grass growth. But foot traffic had little effect on the genetic potential of bacteriome in rhizosphere and bulk soil. Our findings indicated that the endophytic bacteriome was more sensitive to foot traffic than the bacteriome in the rhizosphere and bulk soil and could potentially help turf survival via influences on plant signal molecules and compatible solutes.

Plant growth regulators from the liquid culture of Lepista sordida.

"Fairy rings" are zones that stimulate or inhibit grass growth, caused by interactions between a fungus and a grass. Lepista sordida is one of the fairy ring-forming fungi. (1S,2S)-1-(4-Chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,2-diol (1) along with ten compounds (2-11) were isolated from the culture broth and mycelia of L. sordida. The structures were identified by spectroscopic data analyses, and this was the first reported isolation of 1 from a natural source. The plant growth regulatory activity of 3-6 was investigated using bentgrass seedlings. Compound 3 promoted root growth at 0.1 μmol/paper, while inhibited it at 1 μmol/paper. Compound 4 inhibited root growth at 0.1 and 1 μmol/paper. Compound 6 significantly promoted shoot growth at 1 μmol/paper.

Potential Use of Herbicide Seed Safener and Pre-Emergent Residual Herbicides When Establishing Tropical Perennial Grasses—A Preliminary Study

Annual grass weeds can provide significant competition to an establishing sown tropical perennial grass pasture. At least two years of grass weed control prior to sowing is required to reduce the weed seed bank. Pre-emergent herbicides used in summer cereals, such as atrazine or s-metolachlor with metcamifen seed safener, may reduce this preparation time. Two controlled-environment experiments were conducted to assess the potential for these pre-emergent herbicides to be used with several tropical perennial grasses. Experiment 1 tested the effect of metcamifen (400 g L−1 a.i. at 0–2× label rate) on the emergence and vigor of Chloris gayana, Dichanthium aristatum, Digitaria eriantha and Panicum coloratum, with Sorghum bicolor as the control. Experiment 2 tested the effect of s-metolachlor (960 g ha−1 a.i.) with metcamifen-treated or untreated seed, and atrazine (1800 g ha−1 a.i.) on the emergence and early growth of the grasses. Metcamifen did not inhibit emergence or vigor of the grasses. Without metcamifen seed treatment, s-metolachlor reduced the growth of the tropical perennial grasses by 47–100%, while it had no such effect on S. bicolor. In contrast, there was no effect of atrazine on shoot yields of the grasses, nor of s-metolachlor when D. aristatum, D. eriantha and P. coloratum seed had been treated with metcamifen. The collective results indicate that the herbicide safener metcamifen does not reduce the viability of tropical perennial grass seed and provides some protection against s-metolachlor, albeit not complete protection at the rates used in our study. Atrazine did not affect emergence or early growth of the grasses.

Application of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer to improve the growth and yield of pakchong grass in post-tin mining land

Post-tin mining land has low nutrient content, which makes it harder for plants to absorb macro and micronutrients. Adaptive plants such as pakchong grass and the application of nitrogen fertilizer are solutions for cultivating and increasing post-tin mining land productivity. This research was conducted to identify the most efficient doses of nitrogen fertilization for pakchong grass in post-tin mining land. This research was conducted in Kampoeng Reklamasi Air Jangkang, Bangka Regency. This research used a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments, i.e., A0 (without N fertilizer), A1 (6.125 g N/plant), A2 (7.875 g N/plant), and A3 (9.875 g N/plant). Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 95% significance level. The results showed that the application of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected the dry weight of the canopy and yield per plot. The treatment of A3 (9.875 g N/plant) had the highest yield but was not significantly different from the A1 treatment (6.125 g N/plant) and A2 treatment (7.875 g N/plant). The highest fat content was in the A2 treatment (7.875 g N/plant), and the highest total N and protein content was in the A treatment (6.125 g N/plant). The best nitrogen treatment in this research was A1 (6.125 g N/plant), which had lower nitrogen treatment but had similar results with the higher dose of other nitrogen fertilizer, making it more efficient for nitrogen fertilization in post-tin mining land.

Two sides of the coin: Feedback-driven landscape formation results in trade-off between establishment and resilience of marram grass

Habitat-modifying plants engineer biogeomorphic landscapes through self-reinforcing interactions with their physical environment, or so-called ‘biogeomorphic feedbacks’. Nevertheless, benefits can vary across a biogeomorphic landscape gradient and between plant-life stages. For instance, European marram grass forms dunes by trapping sediments which triggers plant growth, in turn promoting sediment trapping. Yet, by increasing dune height and vegetation cover, marram grass mitigates sediment dynamics, inhibiting sediment-growth feedbacks, which ultimately leads to its demise. However, little is known about how dune formation affects the growth and survival of marram grass at different life stages. Therefore, we performed a two-level field experiment testing the effect of position on marram grass across the biogeomorphological dune gradient (beach, foredune, backdune) on (i) the establishment success of juvenile transplants and (ii) the resilience of mature plants to disturbance by above-ground biomass removal, over one growing season. Although juvenile transplants grew similarly well across the dune gradient, significantly fewer beach transplants (67%) survived compared to the foredune- and backdune transplants. Conversely, survival of mature disturbed marram grass (100%) was unaffected, yet recovery was highest at the beach and significantly decreased across the dune gradient. We could link these opposing responses to habitat modification. In heavily modified dune habitats sediment stabilization aided juvenile establishment, whereas the high sediment dynamics of unmodified beaches facilitated adult resilience indicating dune formation invokes a trade-off between establishment and resilience. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing life stage-dependent differences in environmental requirements of habitat-modifying plants to understand population dynamics and landscape-forming processes.

The effect of the combined application of agricultural waste‐ and manure‐based biochar on soil properties, microbial abundance, CO2 emissions and grass growth

AbstractLivestock manure is usually used as an organic fertilizer, yet its direct application to soil can cause several environmental problems, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, N2O emissions and nutrient runoff into ecosystems. Transforming animal manure (AM) into biochar may mitigate these problems. This study evaluated the effects of combining AM biochar and agricultural waste (AW) biochar made from rice husk on soil and forage properties under potted conditions (85 × 32 × 24.2 cm3 pot). Five biochar treatments (100AW, 75AW25AM, 50AW50AM, 25AW75AM and 100AM, as volumetric ratio) were applied in four replicates. Chemical fertilizers—ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and superphosphate—were used as the nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus sources at rates 1.0, 0.5 and 0.5 kg/are, respectively. Soil samples were collected at 10 cm depth for physicochemical analyses, such as bulk density, total pores space, soil pH, water content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus (P), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN) and soil microbial abundance. These analyses were conducted in the greenhouse at 60‐, 130‐, and 190 days post‐biochar application. Due to the suboptimal growth under greenhouse conditions, the grass was reseeded upon transferring the pots outdoors, resulting in successful growth. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were measured every 10 days for 190 days in the greenhouse and additional 40 days outdoors. Results indicated that 50AW50AM biochar or more AM biochar applications reduced soil bulk density, increased total pore space, improved the water retention and increased the soil TC and TN contents compared to AW biochar alone. High AM biochar application did not affect soil microbial abundance, cumulative CO2 emissions or grass yield. Though grass yield effects were limited, biochar nutrient enrichment may be valuable for enhancing soil and plant productivity.

Effect of Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Indole-3-acetic Acid on Growth and Biochemical Properties of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) Under Salinity Stress.

Salinity represents a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and productivity. In order to better understand the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the growth and chemical composition of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) under salt stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The experiment included four NaCl levels (0, 8, 16, and 24 decisiemens per meter (dS/m)) and four levels of treatments (no amendment application, application of IAA, application of C. etunicatum, and interaction of IAA and C. etunicatum) with three replications. The results of the experiment showed that the addition of sodium chloride increased the concentration of proline and the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase enzymes. The application of the growth regulator (IAA) and C. etunicatum significantly increased the fresh and dry weight (101%) of shoots, dry weight of roots, and the concentration of macro- and micro-elements in shoots under salinity condition (99.82% phosphorus; 9.79% Iron). The application of mycorrhiza and auxin significantly reduced the concentration of proline and the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase enzymes. In general, the addition of IAA and C. etunicatum to roots under salt stress conditions can improve growth and increase the concentration of some nutrients in vetiver shoots.

Gibberellic Acid and Salicylic Acid Improved Atrazine and Pyrethroid Pesticide Phytoremediation Efficiency by Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mahasarakham in Soil

ABSTRACT Many pesticides used in agriculture increase their contamination in agricultural areas and must be remediated from the soil. Sweet grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mahasarakham), a cultivar of Napier grass with plant growth regulator application, was promised to increase pesticide removal from the soil. The cutting of sweet grass soaking with 0.01 mg/L gibberellic acid or 100 mg/L salicylic acid for 24 h before planting in pyrethroid and atrazine co-contaminated soil for 20 days. The results showed that both plant growth regulators could stimulate shoot and root growth of sweet grass in pyrethroid and atrazine co-contaminated soil. Also, both plant growth regulators could increase chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content in sweet grass leaves, but there was no effect on the carotenoid, proline, and relative water content of sweet grass. Soaking in salicylic acid was more effective than soaking in gibberellic acid for promoting shoot length and dry weight. Sweet grass planting increased pyrethroid and atrazine removal from the soil, and gibberellic acid soaking was better than other treatments for enhancing permethrin (71.9%) removal by Sweet grass from the soil. The bioconcentration factor for all pesticides was less than 1, indicating a limited accumulation of pyrethroid and atrazine in sweet grass tissue.

Study on the improvement of vegetated concrete substrate by biochar and limestone calcined clay cement.

Vegetated concrete has proven to be an effective technique for restoring the ecological environment of rocky slopes, but conventional formulations often suffer from excessive cement content and limited plant growth. This study proposes the use of biochar (BC) and limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) to form an improved vegetated concrete mix. Twenty-five different formulations were tested for their compressive and shear strength, pH values, and Bermuda grass growth. Microstructural studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that LC3 significantly increases the stress at small strains, while BC increases the strain at peak stresses. LC3 hydration produces cementitious material that coats soil particles, filling voids and leading to a linear increase in cohesion. The optimal mixture, with 12% LC3 and 6% BC, showed a 227% increase in cohesion and a 146% increase in internal friction angle. While LC3 increased pH, reducing the germination and growth performance of Bermuda grass, BC effectively improved these parameters, promoting faster and healthier plant growth. This study provides a reference for the application of LC3 and BC in future vegetated concrete development.

Refining the soil and water component to improve the MoSt grass growth model

Refining the soil and water component to improve the MoSt grass growth model

Improving the estimation of grazing pressure in tropical rangelands

Abstract Livestock grazing is a key land use globally, with major environmental impacts, yet the spatial footprint of grazing remains elusive, particularly at broad scales. Here, we combine livestock system indicators based on remote sensing and livestock vaccination data with a biophysical grass growth model to assess forage production, livestock carrying capacity, and grazing pressure on rangelands in the South American Dry Chaco. Specifically, we assess how considering different livestock systems (e.g., fattening in confinement, grazing with supplementary feeding, woodland grazing) changes estimations of grazing pressure. Our results highlight an average carrying capacity of 0.48 Animal Units Equivalents (AUE) per hectare for the Chaco (0.72 for pastures, 0.43 for natural grasslands, 0.37 for woodlands). Regional livestock requirements ranged between 0.02 to 6.43 AUE ha-1, with cattle dominating livestock requirements (91.6% of total AUE). Considering livestock systems with different production intensities markedly altered the rangeland carrying capacity and degradation estimations. For example, considering confinements and supplementary feeding drastically reduced the pasture area with potential overgrazing, from about 58,000 km² to <19,000 km² (i.e., 13.5% vs. 5.7% of the total rangeland area). Conversely, considering the typically unaccounted-for cattle of woodland smallholders markedly increased the potentially degraded woodland area, from 3.2% (~1,000 km2) to 12.1% (3,700 km2) of the total woodland area. Our work shows how ignoring production intensity can bias grazing pressure estimations and, therefore, conclusions about rangeland degradation connected to livestock production. Mapping indicators characterizing the intensity of livestock systems thus provide opportunities to understand better grazing impacts and guide efforts towards more sustainable livestock production.

Effects of broad-leaved grass inhibitors and nitrogen fertilizer on seed production Elymus nutans in alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau play a crucial role in the grassland ecosystem. However, due to the rapid growth and strong competitiveness of broad-leaved grasses, the nutritional resources and living space available for Gramineae species are severely restricted in this region. Broad-leaved grasses and noxious weeds have evolved into dominant population, severely limiting grassland production in alpine meadows. A shortage of premium seeds limits grassland ecosystem restoration efforts. Elymus nutans is regarded as a pioneer plant for restoring degraded grassland into meadows dominated by grasses, and for developing cultivated grassland in the Tibetan Plateau region, and the demand for native seeds of E. nutans is increasing. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of combinations of four levels of a broad-leaved grass inhibitor (0, 0.9, 1.5, and 2.1 kg·hm-2) crossed with four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg·hm-2) on seed production of E. nutans in Gannan alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We observed that the grass inhibitor significantly (p < 0.05) influenced on fertile tillers (FT), spikelets per fertile tiller (SFT), seeds per spikelet (SS) and panicle length (PL), but not florets per spikelet (FS) (p = 0.145). Nitrogen fertilizer significantly influenced on FT, FS, SS, and PL (p < 0.001), but not SFT (p = 0.068). The interaction of the grass inhibitor and nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on any of these seed yield components (p > 0.05). Both the grass inhibitor and nitrogen fertilizer significantly influenced all indicators of seed production (p < 0.001), increasing their values in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, their interaction proved significant for all indicators (p < 0.001), except for actual seed yield (p > 0.05), demonstrating their synergistic effects. The maximum thousand seed weight (4.66 g) and actual seed yield (365 kg·hm-2) were observed at the highest doss of 2.1 kg·hm-2 of grass inhibitor and 225 kg·hm-2 of nitrogen fertilizer, which were 1.85-fold and 2.94-fold of the control, respectively. Furthermore, significantly positive correlations were observed among seed yield and all yield components. Pathway analysis showed that FT made significant direct contributions to the seed yield. This approach (using broad-leaved grass inhibitors and nitrogen fertilizer) effectively reduced competition from broad-leaved grasses and increased the proportion of E. nutans in the plant community composition, thus alleviating the shortage of E. nutans seeds for grassland ecological restoration.

Endophytic microbial communities and functional shifts in Hemarthria compressa grass in response to Silicon and Selenium amendment

BackgroundHemarthria compressa, a widely cultivated forage grass, is critical for supporting livestock production and maintaining the ecological balance in grassland ecosystems. Enhancing its stress resistance and productivity is crucial for sustainable grassland utilization and development. Silicon (Si) and Selenium (Se) are recognized as beneficial nutrients that promote plant growth and stress tolerance, and modulate of plant-microorganism interactions. However, the intricate linkages between the endophytes shifts and host grass growth induced by Si/Se amendments are poorly understood. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of foliar-applied Si/Se on the growth and nutritional quality of H. compressa grass, as well as the composition, diversity and potential functions of endophytic bacteria in leaves.ResultsBoth Si and Se treatments significantly improved grass biomass by approximately 17%. Nutritional quality was also improved, with Si application increased plant Si and neutral detergent fiber contents by 25.6% and 5.8%, while Se significantly enhanced the grass Se content from 0.055 mg kg−1 to 0.636 mg kg−1. Furthermore, Si/Se amendments altered the structure of the leaf endophytic bacterial community, resulting in an increased alpha diversity and a more modularized co-occurrence network. Moreover, both Si and Se treatments enriched plant growth-promoting bacterial genera such as Brevundimonas and Truepera. Metabolic function analysis revealed that Si application promoted chlorophyllide biosynthesis by 152%, several carbon metabolism pathways by 35–152%, and redox-related pathways by 57–93%, while the starch biosynthesis pathway was downregulated by 79% of the endophytic bacterial community. In contrast, Se application mainly enhanced starch degradation, CMP-legionamine biosynthesis by 71% and TCA cycle-related pathways by 23–58%, while reducing L-threonine metabolism by 98%. These specific functional changes in the endophytic bacteria induced by Si/Se amendments were closely linked with the observed growth promotion and stress resistance of the host H. compressa grass.ConclusionsSi and Se amendments not only enhanced the growth and nutritional quality of H. compressa grass, but also altered the community structure and functional traits of endophytic bacteria in grass. The enrichment of beneficial endophytes and the modification of community metabolic functions within the endophytic community may play important synergistic effects on improving grass growth.

Study on anti-scouring and vegetation fitness of green-growing concrete slope protection based on orthogonal test method

Abstract In this study, the orthogonal test method was used to test the effects of three factors, namely, the thickness of green-growing concrete, the thickness of soil cover and the slope ratio, on the growth of Cynodon dactylon and the amount of soil washout, and the height of grass growth, the length of root system, the total amount of roots per unit area, and the degree of cover were taken as the indicators of the growth test. The three influencing factors were determined by ANOVA to determine the order and significant level of the three factors, and the optimal combination of the three factors was screened and applied experimentally in the actual project. The test results show that: the degree of cover is the key element for evaluating the growth of vegetation; the thickness of green-growing concrete and slope gradient are the most significant factors affecting the growth of Cynodon dactylon and the amount of soil scour, respectively; when the thickness of green-growing concrete is 10cm, the thickness of mulch is 9cm, and the slope ratio is 1:3, the performance of green-growing concrete berms is optimal. Through the engineering demonstration application, the average scour depth of the green-growing concrete berm for 2 years is 0.91cm, and the vegetation growth condition is good, which can meet the requirements of slope protection, soil and water conservation and ecological restoration.

A holistic study on the effects of a rural flood detention basin: Flood peaks, water quality and grass growth.

A holistic study on the effects of a rural flood detention basin: Flood peaks, water quality and grass growth.

Flood-driven survival and growth of dominant C4 grasses helps set their distributions along tallgrass prairie moisture gradients.

Five C4 grasses (Bouteloua curtipendula, Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Spartina pectinata) dominate different portions of a moisture gradient from dry to wet tallgrass prairies in the Upper Midwest of the United States. We hypothesized that their distributions may partly reflect differences in flooding tolerance and context-specific growth relative to each other. We tested these ideas with greenhouse flooding and drought experiments, outdoor mesocosm experiments, and a natural experiment involving a month-long flood in two wet-mesic prairies. Bouteloua promptly succumbed to inundation, so flooding intolerance likely excludes it from wet and wet-mesic prairies. Competition is likely to exclude short-statured Bouteloua from productive mesic sites. Schizachyrium is excluded from wet prairies by low flooding tolerance, demonstrated by all experiments. Sorghastrum had low flooding tolerance in both greenhouse and natural experiments, suggesting that physiological intolerance excludes it from wet prairies. Spartina had by far the greatest growth under the wettest mesocosm conditions; this and comparisons of species growth in monocultures vs. mixtures suggests that competition helps it dominate wet prairies. Indeed, quadrat presence of Spartina increased by 57% two years after flooding of two prairies, while that of upland grasses declined by 44%. The high flooding tolerance, lack of significant differences from other species in drought tolerance, and tall stature of Andropogon suggest that broad physiological tolerance combined with competitive ability allows it to thrive across the prairie moisture gradient. Flooding helps shape the distributions of dominant prairie grasses, and its effects may become more important as extreme rain events continue to increase.

MECANIZAREA LUCRĂRILOR AGRICOLE PE PAJIȘTI PRIN VARIANTE TEHNOLOGICE CU INPUTURI MINIME. REVIEW

Grassland farming plays a vital role in sustainable agricultural systems, providing forage resources for livestock production and contributing to environmental conservation. However, the labor-intensive nature of grassland management requires significant challenges for farmers. The adoption of appropriate mechanization technologies can improve efficiency, reduce labor requirements, and enhance overall productivity. This paper investigates the mechanization of grassland farming through technological variants with minimal inputs. The incorporation of sensor technologies and data analytics facilitates real-time monitoring of grass growth, enabling farmers to make decisions regarding grazing rotations and forage quality. Additionally, the utilization of smart sensors for soil moisture and nutrient content allows for targeted application of inputs, reducing waste and optimizing resource utilization. Overall, this article highlights the potential of mechanization and technological variants with minimal inputs to make efficient the grassland farming, improving productivity, sustainability and the livelihoods of farmers.