Class Group Research Articles

Effect of Combined Problem Based Learning and Scaffolding Models on Students’ Critical Thinking Ability

This study aims to determine the effect of Combined problem-based learning and scaffolding models on students’ critical thinking ability at SMP Negeri 21 Palu. This type of research is a quasi experiment. The research was conducted in two class groups: class VII and class VIII B as the experimental class. The data collection technique uses purposive sampling. The main instrument used was the 7th-grade of critical thinking essay test which consisted of 8 questions. Data were analyzed by a non-parametric test. It is the Wilcoxon test signed ranks test. Obtained the results that Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) is 0,000 on the critical thinking ability test, H1 is accepted, this means that there is a significant effect of the combined problem-based learning and scaffolding models on the critical thinking ability of students at SMP Negeri 21 Palu in the 2019 / 2020 school year.

برنامج مشاوراة لتعليم القراءة في المعهدالعناية باسوروان

Arabic is a very important language for millions of Islamic people around the world both Arabic and non-Arabic, Al- inayah pasuruan islamic boarding school is one of the islamic boarding schools that creates cadres of islamic cadres and cadres of the nation by equipping their students with learning arabic. The existence of pesantren as an uplifting educational institution is increasingly challenged to improve itself in every activity carried out in the islamic boarding school, for example in teaching practice. The learning program is one of the important factors in the continuity of learning Arabic. for successful teaching relating to the program used. Deliberations have various implementations of types of deliberations that take place in Islamic boarding schools, including as learning methods, batshul masa'il, and programs. As a learning method, deliberation has similarities with the method of class discussion or group discussion. The main problems of this study are: How is the implementation in qira'ah learning in pesantren ? This type of research is a qualitative research design of data collection in this study using observation, interviews and field notes. In this study, researchers chose the caregivers of Al Inayah Pasuruan Islamic Boarding School as informants.

An Acoustic Study of the Role of Consistency of Input in Acquisition of English Central Vowels in Pakistan

The study is aimed at observing the effect of consistency of input on the acquisition of English central vowels /ə/, /ɜ:/, /ʌ/regarding jaw opening (correlated with F1), tongue fronting (correlated with F2) and Duration of vowels. This is a quasi-experimental research that has a frame of ‘pre-test-post-test control-group’. The researcher took three intact class groups, at middle level from a public girls school, and assigned them to experimental groups and control group. Experimental Group A was consistently exposed to English RP based audios/videos for 60 consecutive days. Experimental Group B was inconsistently exposed to input in alternative days adding up to 30 days. Control group C was not given treatment of any kind. The target central vowels were embedded into / hvd/ syllables in the carrier phrase ‘say --- please’ as a stimuli. Each phrase was recorded five times in pre-test and five times in post-test adding up to twenty seven hundred tokens of English central vowels. FormantPro (Xu, 2013) software was run to obtain average values of F1, F2, and Duration of vowels of each participant. The results of the data show that central vowels of group A, particularly vowel sound /ʌ/, are significantly affected by consistent exposure to RP vowels contrary to the central vowels of group B and group C. This study recommends consistent exposure of input for effective acquisition of English phonology related to administrative and pedagogical practices.

Resources for Social Studies: Info-Graphics Illustrations and Jigsaw Effects on Students' Achievement

The Pedagogical shift to learner-centered instructions entails that teachers need to have pre-requisite skills which will enable them to navigate the teaching and learning process efficiently by enabling them to serve as facilitators of curriculum content in Social Studies. This study examined Resources for Social Studies: info graphics illustrations and their effects on students' achievement. The research design for this study was quasi-experimental. The population of the students consisted of all Social Studies school pupils within Jos-South Local Government Area of Plateau State through random sampling technique 34 (n = 17) students were sampled for the study within the experimental and control groups, Data was collected using the instrument titled “Social Studies Students Achievement Test” (SSSAT) that was content and faced validated to determine its internal consistency while for reliability the test- and retest using alpha conbrach 0.66 and 0.70 was attained respectively. The treatment group was taught using info graphics and Jigsaw stimulated games whereas the control class group was taught using the conventional teaching methods. The research null hypotheses were tested using parametric t-test statistics at the confidence level of 0.05%. The findings of the study showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control group with the Tstat 3.30 >Tcrit 2.05 indicating a strong significant difference between the sampled groups, there is no significant difference in the post-test mean scores of male and female students in the experimental group with the Tstat 1.53 < Tcrit 2.14 indicating poor significant difference, there is no significant difference between the mean scores of studies who identified as visual learners and those who are not with the Tstat 0.29 < Tcrit 2.44 indicating a low significant difference between the sampled groups. The study recommended that; specialize in digital content creation by teachers, school administrators encouragement for improvisation of instructional resources, autonomy for teaching in selecting resource materials, considerable budgetary allocation to schools by Federal Government to equip their resource rooms.

Penerapan Teknik Kursi Kosong Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa MAN 1 Kota Ternate

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of students’ self-confidence and to find out whether there was an effect of using the empty chair technique on increasing self-confidence in students of MAN 1 Ternate. This research used an experimental approach. The design used in this study was a simple experimental design (Posttest Only Control Group Design). The research subjects were 60 students of XI grade in MAN 1 Ternate. Collecting data used questionnaires and observations. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential analysis.The results showed that: (1) The level of self-confidence of students in the experimental group of class XI students of MAN 1 Ternate before being applied the empty chair technique was in the low category, after giving treatment, the level of student confidence increased, namely in the high category. Meanwhile, in the control group, the students' self-confidence at the pretest and posttest were in the low category. (2) There was an influence of students' self-confidence who were given the empty chair technique with students who were not given the empty chair technique. Key Word : Confidence, empty chair technique

Level of Knowledge on Medicinal Plants in the Class Group of Elderly in Trinidad, 2023

Level of Knowledge on Medicinal Plants in the Class Group of Elderly in Trinidad, 2023

Neural Representations Reveal Distinct Modes of Class Fitting in Residual Convolutional Networks

We leverage probabilistic models of neural representations to investigate how residual networks fit classes. To this end, we estimate class-conditional density models for representations learned by deep ResNets. We then use these models to characterize distributions of representations across learned classes. Surprisingly, we find that classes in the investigated models are not fitted in a uniform way. On the contrary: we uncover two groups of classes that are fitted with markedly different distributions of representations. These distinct modes of class-fitting are evident only in the deeper layers of the investigated models, indicating that they are not related to low-level image features. We show that the uncovered structure in neural representations correlate with memorization of training examples and adversarial robustness. Finally, we compare class-conditional distributions of neural representations between memorized and typical examples. This allows us to uncover where in the network structure class labels arise for memorized and standard inputs.

Representation of Social Harmonization in The Film Get Married

Indonesia as a plural country, the identity of the people varies from ethnicity to social structure, so social harmonization discourse is a topic of achievement in its society. Film is one of the media in reproducing the representation of a reality. In movies, reality comes through codes, symbols, and symbols. This study aims to describe the reality of social harmonization present in the film Get Married. This research is qualitatively descriptive and semiotic analysis methods from Roland Bhartes, in semiotics Barthes divides three stages namely denotation, connotation, and myth. The results of the analysis of social harmonization messages in the film Get Married, denotationally harmonized messages are often represented in the form of respect, happiness, joyful laughter, even the impression of sadness always ends with happiness, social harmonization attitudes are always interpreted with pleasure and happiness. Connotation of social harmony representation is shown how to foster social relations that have a variety of different community backgrounds between upper and lower class groups, it is represented through dimensions such as coding clothes and also gestures between the two different groups, but can foster social harmonization, and myths refer to the culture of hospitality and politeness as capital in establishing social harmony, Despite the social gap in identity, a culture of hospitality and courtesy has always been key to social harmony.

MENGINTEGRASIKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN MATERI SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR

The understanding of class X IPS MAN 1 Kota Sukabumi for the 2021/2022 academic year, which in the basic competency assessment of 3.3, namely related to material on the periodic system of elements, did not achieve 50% passing the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM ≥ 75). In addition, the low value of cognitive knowledge is still directly proportional to students' understanding of religious character values ​​in chemistry learning. In fact, the cognitive and character realms are important things to be achieved in the curriculum. Thus, learning chemistry integrated with religious character certainly has the opportunity to be applied. This study aims to increase students' understanding of MAN 1 Kota Sukabumi regarding the the periodic system of elements subject through the application of integrated chemistryl learning with religious character in chemistry learning through the use of the ptable.com site learning media. approach to the results of the pre-test and post-test on the Periodic System of Elements material given to the research sample. The population of this study were students of class X. IPS MAN 1 Kota Sukabumi by taking 2 study groups in class X. IPS 4 and X IPS 6 as a sample. After the data was obtained, a comparative analysis was then carried out by comparing the findings with some relevant literature. The results of this study showed that 80.20% of students understood the periodic system of elements using the ptable.com site and 91.50% of students were interested in implementing integrated chemistry learning with verses of the Qur’an.

Word automatic groups of nilpotency class 2

We consider word automaticity for groups that are nilpotent of class 2 and have exponent a prime p. We show that the infinitely generated free group in this variety is not word automatic. In contrast, the infinite extra-special p-group Ep is word automatic, as well as an intermediate group Hp which has an infinite centre. In the last section we introduce a method for showing automaticity of central extensions of abelian groups via co-cycles.

The Chinese new middle class and their production of an ‘authentic’ rural landscape in China’s gentrified villages

Landscape change has long been a key characteristic of gentrification research. While much of this research has examined the intention of the middle class to consume authenticity and the consequent landscape changes in gentrified neighborhoods in the Global North, much less attention has been given to contexts in the developing world. This paper addresses this gap by discussing an empirical case of the rural landscape produced by Rural Tourism Makers (RTMs) – a group of new middle class– in China. This research is based on participant observation and twenty-three interviews with RTMs running Minsu guesthouses, a type of tourist accommodation involving the skilled renovation of existing village buildings. To illustrate the empirical nuances, the research draws insights from two perspectives on landscape, namely the symbolic landscape and the lived landscape, to show how RTMs have produced a new rural landscape of local and global characteristics and to examine the authenticity of these landscapes. In so doing, the research enriches our knowledge of gentrification in a non-Western context by analyzing a gentrified rural landscape in the Chinese context, produced by the emerging Chinese new middle class and their westernized consumption preferences. Meanwhile, the authenticity of this new rural landscape, which is based on RTMs’ expectations and imagination, strengthens the constructionist view of authenticity in gentrification studies.

Reliability, validity, and sensitivity of short-form 36 health survey (SF-36) in patients with sick sinus syndrome.

Patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS) experience a decrease in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but there is currently no scale available to measure their unpleasant symptoms. The Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) is a commonly used scale to assess HRQoL. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the reliability, validity, and sensitivity of SF-36 in patients with SSS. The sample included 199 eligible participants. We estimated the reliability through test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and split-half reliability. To examine the validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were conducted. Sensitivity was determined by the differences in age (cutoff 65 years) and New York Heart Association class. The intraclass correlational coefficients scores showed high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlational coefficients > 0.7). The overall Cronbach α was 0.87 (8 scales range: 0.85-0.87), showing good internal consistency reliability. The split-half reliability coefficient of the SF-36 is 0.814, indicating good reliability. Factor analysis showed that SF-36 subscales could be drawn into 6 components that explain 61% of the total variance. Results of model fit indicate comparative fit index = 0.9, incremental fit index = 0.92, Turker-Lewis index = 0.90, approximate root mean square error = 0.07, and normalized root mean square residual = 0.06. Convergent validity and discriminative validity showed adequate results. Comparison of different ages and New York Heart Association class groups showed statistical significance on most SF-36 subscales. We confirmed the SF-36 as a valid instrument for evaluating HRQoL patients with SSS. The reliability, validity, and sensitivity of SF-36 are acceptable for patients with SSS.

PERBEDAAN MODEL POBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA

This study aims to determine differences in learning outcomes of the Problem Based Learning and Project Based Learning models on mathematics learning outcomes. This research was carried out at SDN Julang, Bogor City, for the 2022/2023 school year. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with 3 groups. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students at SDN Julang, Bogor, with a total of 75 students. Data collection was carried out to obtain learning outcomes obtained by using pretest and posttest. The researcher also conducted a normality test with the Lilliefors test for the three samples with normal distribution because the values ​​of the three samples were smaller than the Ltable. In the Problem Based Learning class group, the value of Lcount ≤ Ltable was obtained, namely 0.025 ≤ 0.173, in the Project Based Learning class group, the value of Lcount ≤ Ltable was obtained, namely 0.005 ≤ 0.173, and in the control class group, the value of Lcount ≤ Ltable was obtained, namely 0.052 ≤ 0.173. Then in the homogeneity test the data is homogeneous because it is smaller than X2 table, the value is 0.731 ≤ 5.991. Furthermore, in the hypothesis test, the tcount is 5.31 greater than the ttable of 2.0`603, indicating that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus there are differences in learning outcomes of mathematics through Problem Based Learning, Project Based Learning, and Conventional models for fifth grade students at SDN Julang, Bogor City.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SUBTEMA KEBERSAMAAN DALAM KEBERAGAMAN

The approach taken is a quasi-experimental design of two groups at Situ Gede 2 State Elementary School. These subjects are students of class IV A and IV B of Situ Gede 2 State Elementary School, Bogor City, consisting of 64 students. This research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2021 academic year. /2022. The results of the study show that there is an effect of "The Influence of Application of the Discovery Learning Model on Learning Outcomes of Togetherness in Diversity". This can be seen from the NGain value in the experimental class group of 63, while the control class group got an N-Gain value of 45. The results of hypothesis testing are that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted because tcount (2.8708) > ttable (2.0261) . With this it can be concluded that the research has a significant positive effect between the Effects of Application of the Discovery Learning Model on Learning Outcomes of the Sub-theme of Togetherness in Diversity. The results of this study are expected to provide new knowledge regarding the application of innovative learning models and can improve learning outcomes.

Outcomes Following Radiofrequency Renal Denervation According to Antihypertensive Medications: Subgroup Analysis of the Global SYMPLICITY Registry DEFINE.

The Global SYMPLICITY Registry DEFINE (Denervation Findings in Real World) investigates radiofrequency renal denervation (RDN) in a broad range of patients with hypertension. We evaluated whether the number or type of antihypertensive medications were associated with increased long-term blood pressure (BP) reductions and cardiovascular outcomes following radiofrequency RDN. Patients underwent radiofrequency RDN and were categorized by baseline number (0-3 and ≥4) and different combinations of medication classes. BP changes were compared between groups through 36 months. Individual and composite major adverse cardiovascular events were analyzed. Of 2746 evaluable patients, 18% were prescribed 0 to 3 and 82% prescribed ≥4 classes. At 36 months, office systolic BP significantly decreased (P<0.0001) by -19.0±28.3 and -16.2±28.6 mm Hg in the 0 to 3 and ≥4 class groups, respectively. Twenty-four-hour mean systolic BP significantly decreased (P<0.0001) by -10.7±19.7 and -8.9±20.5 mm Hg, respectively. BP reduction was similar between the medication subgroups. Antihypertensive medication classes decreased from 4.6±1.4 to 4.3±1.5 (P<0.0001). Most decreased (31%) or had no changes (47%) to the number of medications, while 22% increased. The number of baseline antihypertensive medication classes was inversely related to the change in prescribed classes at 36 months (P<0.001). Cardiovascular event rates were generally low. More patients in the ≥4 compared with 0 to 3 medication classes had myocardial infarction at 36 months (2.8% versus 0.3%; P=0.009). Radiofrequency RDN reduced BP safely through 36 months, independent of the number and type of baseline antihypertensive medication classes. More patients decreased than increased their number of medications. Radiofrequency RDN is a safe and effective adjunctive therapy regardless of antihypertensive medication regimen. URL: https://www. gov; Unique identifier: NCT01534299.

Correlation between the cranial base, mandible, and hyoid bone in Class II skeletal individuals- A cephalometric study

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the cranial base, mandible, and hyoid bone in Class II skeletal individuals. The retrospective study included lateral cephalograms of 40 Skeletal Class II subjects divided into maxillary prognathism (n=20) and mandibular retrognathism(n=20) based on Burstone’s N⊥A and N⊥B values. The angular measurements using 10 variables were used to determine the relationship between the cranial base, mandible, and hyoid bone in Class II subjects. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. An Independent t-test was used to compare the two groups and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Post-Hoc Bonferroni was applied to examine any changes among any two groups that were found to differ statistically. NSAr, C3HyD, SArHy, and NSHy angles were measured in both groups. NSAr and NSHy angles showed significance between the two groups of skeletal class II whose p-value &amp;#60;0.05 whereas C3HyD and SArHy angles did not show any significance. The condylar position was anterior in maxillary prognathism compared to mandibular retrognathism of Skeletal Class II. The hyoid bone was positioned forward and upward in maxillary prognathism individuals and downward and backward in mandibular retrognathism individuals belonging to skeletal class II.

Project redesigning for U.S.-Japan COIL

This practice report describes an annual Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project between a content course taught in English at a university in Japan (JPU) and a Japanese-language course at a university in the U.S. (AMU). Shared learning objectives include practicing communicative skills in the target language and engaging in critical writing in the target language, reflecting on the discussions. There are two sets of activities: (1) JPU-centered, English-based activities and (2) AMU-centered, Japanese-based activities, which take place concurrently. Some activities are done individually (e.g., discussion posts, journals, and reflection papers), while online discussions are conducted in transpacific groups both in class and outside the class period. After six weeks of collaboration, each student writes a reflective, multi-draft essay in the target language. Running the two sets of activities can confuse students easily and requires careful preparations, clear instructions, and a high level of instructor involvement. Various modifications have been made for improvements since the initial implementation in 2019 to provide a learning environment that allows for a more in-depth and diverse exchange of perspectives (Nishio et al., 2020). Flexibility is key to success for educators to help maximize student learning in COIL.

On Dedekind domains whose class groups are direct sums of cyclic groups

For a given family (Gi)i∈N of finitely generated abelian groups, we construct a Dedekind domain D having the following properties.(1)Pic(D)≅⨁i∈NGi.(2)For each i∈N, there exists a submonoid Si⊆D• with Pic(DSi)≅Gi.(3)Each class of Pic(D) and of all Pic(DSi) contains infinitely many prime ideals. Furthermore, we study orders as well as sets of lengths in the Dedekind domain D and in all its localizations DSi.

On the Involution Generators of the Mapping Class Group of a Punctured Surface

On the Involution Generators of the Mapping Class Group of a Punctured Surface

Asymptotic translation lengths and normal generation for pseudo-Anosov monodromies of fibered 3–manifolds

Let $M$ be a hyperbolic fibered 3-manifold. We study properties of sequences $(S_{\alpha_n}, \psi_{\alpha_n})$ of fibers and monodromies for primitive integral classes in the fibered cone of $M$. The main tool is the asymptotic translation length $\ell_{\mathcal{C}} (\psi_{\alpha_n})$ of the pseudo-Anosov monodromy $ \psi_{\alpha_n}$ on the curve complex. We first show that there exists a constant $C>0$ depending only on the fibered cone such that for any primitive integral class $(S, \psi)$ in the fibered cone, $\ell_{\mathcal{C}} (\psi)$ is bounded from above by $C/|\chi(S)|$. We also obtain a moral connection between $\ell_{\mathcal{C}} (\psi)$ and the normal generating property of $\psi$ in the mapping class group on $S$. We show that for all but finitely many primitive integral classes $(S, \psi)$ in an arbitrary 2-dimensional slice of the fibered cone, $\psi$ normally generates the mapping class group on $S$. In the second half of the paper, we study if it is possible to obtain a continuous extension of normalized asymptotic translation lengths on the curve complex as a function on the fibered face. An analogous question for normalized entropy has been answered affirmatively by Fried and the question for normalized asymptotic translation length on the arc complex in the fully punctured case has been answered negatively by Strenner. We show that such an extension in the case of the curve complex does not exist in general by explicit computation for sequences in the fibered cone of the magic manifold.