• The CO 2 storage component of DACCS is less desired than the capture. • Benefit perception and feelings of tampering with nature are the strongest drivers of DACCS acceptance. • Government and the industry are the least trusted actors; science and NGOs the most trusted. • DACCS is still largely unfamiliar to the public. • Exposure to information decreases acceptance. Direct Air Capture and Storage (DACCS) has recently emerged as one of the most researched and funded Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the social mechanisms influencing the acceptance of DACCS. This study conducted a survey to assess the acceptance of DACCS. The survey was conducted in Germany; a country that has historically expressed strong opposition to CO 2 storage. The findings revealed that DACCS is relatively unfamiliar to the public. Benefit perception emerged as the most significant positive determinant of DACCS acceptance, while perceptions of tampering with nature were the strongest negative driver. The results showed a decrease in acceptance of DACCS as participants were exposed to more information, suggesting that access to information does not necessarily lead to higher acceptance. Among societal actors, industry and government were identified as the least trusted, highlighting potential challenges for future DACCS projects. These insights underlined the importance of addressing public trust before implementing DACCS.

Preliminary evaluation of ferrous sulphate toxicity on larvae of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus: implications for ocean iron fertilization.

Evaluation of rock resources for carbon dioxide removal by enhanced weathering: A South China case

Algae and cyanobacteria as agents for carbon dioxide removal: production of long-term carbon compounds

What every intensivist should know about extracorporeal CO₂ removal in ARDS.

Experimental validation of a developed waste puffed rice material for CO₂ reduction under controlled real-life indoor conditions

Suppressing deactivation in magnesium oxide for direct air capture via sodium nitrate–potassium nitrate promotion

EGDE-induced crosslinking of PEI@D500 adsorbents for direct air capture: Enhanced hydrothermal and oxidative stability

3D interconnected pore networks enable superior volumetric CO2 uptake in amine-functionalized nanoporous carbon for direct air capture

Heat pump assisted direct air capture system for carbon enrichment in plant factory

Toward scalable electrochemical CO2 capture from air and oceanwater: a unified techno-economic framework and design guidelines

Tailoring electro-driven membrane for low-energy CO2 regeneration in direct air capture

• Carbonic anhydrase reliably enhances carbon capture under eco-friendly conditions • Textile contactors promote liquid wicking for efficient CO 2 reactive absorption • Bifunctional reactive dyes offer a scalable enzyme immobilization approach • Enzyme catalysis shows potential to enhance ex situ mineralization • Biocatalytic textiles offer a diverse and practical platform for CO 2 mitigation Biocatalytic textiles were developed and tested as high-efficiency gas-liquid contactors for reactive CO 2 absorption using eco-friendly solvents catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase. The testing in lab to bench-scale systems with various configurations showed that biocatalytic textiles are durable and compatible with multiple different alkaline CO 2 absorption solvents across wide working concentrations, including secondary amines, carbonates, amino acids, and abundant natural water sources like pH-adjusted seawater and spring water. Biocatalytic textile contactors proved to be remarkably robust across diverse conditions, delivering similar percent CO 2 capture regardless of inlet CO 2 concentrations. By controlling gas and liquid flows, packing height and mode of enzyme delivery, single-pass CO 2 absorption efficiencies up to 95% were achieved at lab scale. Biocatalytic textiles were able to withstand repeated washing and drying, immersion and shaking in heated solvents, ambient dry storage for many months, and continuous solvent flow testing for hundreds of hours without performance reduction. Integrated bench unit testing with aqueous MDEA solvent and biocatalytic textile packing modules achieved a CO 2 adsorption rate increase of over 200% at low 1.8 L/G when compared to traditional steel structured packing. A straightforward enzyme crosslinking technology based on fiber reactive dyes developed in the course of this work makes fabrication and scale up possible using established textile manufacturing infrastructure, and a solvent composition based on seawater and wood ash extract offers potential for ex-situ mineralization of CO 2 to permanent solid carbonates for utilization or storage.

Emissions from the continuing expansion of the aviation sector present a serious threat to global climate and public health. Therefore, Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology-which comprises two main pathways, namely Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)-has been investigated as a potential solution to mitigate aircraft emissions and reduce their associated public health impacts. CCUS capture approaches can be broadly categorized into two types: Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Point Source Capture (PSC). Only a limited number of studies assess the health impacts of emission reduction technologies. Exploring and comparing the health impacts of different pathways carries significant and far-reaching implications for sustainable development. Accordingly, in this paper, the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) is applied to assess the public health impacts of emissions from 1134 airports worldwide, covering approximately 94% of global operational airports. The findings reveal significant associations between aviation-related pollutants and number of deaths, particularly among men and older adults, with the Point Source Capture-Carbon Capture and Storage (PSC-CCS) pathway demonstrating the greatest potential for minimizing health risks. Then, a cost-benefit analysis shows that while all pathways yield negative net benefit-due to rising costs outpacing revenues-PSC-CCS remains the most economically viable option, with a maximum net benefit of -US$59.13 billion by 2050. In contrast, Direct Air Capture-Carbon Capture and Utilization (DAC-CCU) exhibits the poorest cost-effectiveness, limited by multiple technical and economic constraints.

Assessing carbon and energy balance in coupled direct air capture and underground CO2 sequestration via enhanced oil recovery

Integrated direct air capture and CO2 mineralization using amino acid salt solutions and alkaline solid wastes

Towards carbon-neutral wastewater reclamation: Long-Term performance evolution and greenhouse gas emission analysis in a mega-scale reclaimed water plant.

Energy-sector decarbonisation requires large-scale investment in low-carbon technologies, yet only a limited share flows to low- and middle-income countries, partly due to higher financing costs and perceived risks. Most modelling exercises do not fully account for how the cost of capital may vary across regions and technologies, potentially influencing policy insights. We examine how plausible, expert-informed long-term trends in de-risking clean energy and increasing risks for fossil fuels could shape decarbonisation pathways, using an empirical dataset differentiated by country and technology. We also evaluate a "corrective justice" policy that taxes corporate windfall profits and redistributes revenues to support low-carbon investments in higher-risk regions. Results suggest that incorporating differentiated cost-of-capital trajectories may improve mitigation outcomes and help narrow the gap between current commitments and long-term climate targets, while indicating potential underestimation of risks associated with bioenergy-based negative emissions technologies in mitigation scenarios for high-income nations.

The upgrading of biogas to biomethane requires efficient and energy-conservative removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to enhance calorific value and downstream usability. In this study, a gravity-driven hydrophobic polysulfone (PSf) hollow-fiber membrane contactor was systematically evaluated for CO₂ removal from a synthetic CH₄/CO₂ (60/40 v/v) gas mixture under ambient conditions (23 ± 1°C and 1atm). Unlike conventional membrane contactor systems that rely on mechanically driven liquid circulation, the present configuration operates without liquid pumping, thereby eliminating liquid-phase energy demand and simplifying system architecture. Comparative experiments were conducted using tap water as a physical absorbent and a low-concentration Ca(OH)₂ solution (0.1wt%) as a reactive absorbent to assess hydrodynamic, mass transfer, and energy performance under realistic decentralized operating conditions. CO₂ removal efficiencies exceeding 90% were achieved for both absorbents at optimized operating conditions (gas flow rate: 122.5mL min-1; liquid flow rate: 800mL min-1), with maximum values of 92-93% for tap water and approximately 94% for Ca(OH)₂. The gravity-driven falling-film liquid flow regime promoted effective gas-liquid interfacial contact while minimizing liquid-side mass transfer resistance. Specific energy consumption was calculated by accounting exclusively for gas handling and analytical power requirements, yielding low values of 0.47kWh kg-1 CO₂ for tap water and 0.45kWh kg-1 CO₂ for Ca(OH)₂. Long-term stability tests conducted over 30days (8h day-1) demonstrated sustained CO₂ removal performance with only gradual efficiency decline, attributed primarily to progressive CaCO₃ precipitation rather than membrane wetting or structural degradation. The novelty of this work lies not in the introduction of new membrane materials or absorbents, but in the system-level demonstration of a pump-free, gravity-driven membrane contactor that integrates low energy consumption, operational simplicity, and stable performance. The results provide practical insights into the design of modular, low-maintenance membrane contactor systems for decentralized and energy-efficient biogas upgrading applications.

The COP28 decision called for transitioning away from fossil fuels, sparking a growing interest in their full phase-out. However, energy system transformation pathways towards a phase-out of fossil fuels, which may reduce the reliance on carbon dioxide removal to meet the 1.5 °C goal, remain unclear. Here, we employ two global energy system models to explore energy system transformations and the challenges and opportunities associated with attaining a full phase-out of fossil fuels. We found that phasing out fossil fuels by 2050 would require accelerating direct and indirect electrification, involving 1.6-1.8-fold increases in power generation compared to the conventional cost-effective 1.5 °C pathways. This transition from cost-effective to fossil fuel phase-out pathways would increase energy supply investments by up to 34% over this century and require accelerated deployment of solar and wind power, as well as electrolysers. Despite opportunities including lower reliance on carbon dioxide removal and increasing probability of returning to 1.5 °C after temperature overshoot, these additional requirements imply that international society must approach the transition towards zero-fossil energy systems with strong determination.