Green Paradigm Research Articles

Enhancing supply chain performance by integrating knowledge management and lean, agile, resilient, and green paradigms

Due to global market competition, there is an increasing emphasis on utilizing lean, agile, resilient, and green (LARG) paradigms to improve Supply Chain (SC) performance. Furthermore, as technology advances, Knowledge Management (KM) is essential in improving SC performance through information sharing, improving processes, and increasing coordination and collaboration. Thus, this research proposes a novel approach to integrating KM with LARG paradigms to enhance SC performance. Also, the decision framework is presented using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approaches, including the Grey Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA-G) and Grey Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS-G) method. The presented approach is implemented in an automobile enterprise to improve SC performance. The findings indicated that building coordination and collaboration to improve efficiency, facilitate operations, and reduce communication and exchange costs was introduced as the most critical strategy in the automotive industry.

Copper and Photocatalytic Synergistic Strategies for Radical Cyclization Reactions

AbstractThe rapid development of photo‐synergistic transition metal catalytic systems has provided a green paradigm to complement thermal transition metal catalytic methods. However, the most commonly used iridium or ruthenium complexes involve expensive in nature, in contrast to the abundant copper elements in the earth's crust, which are highly valued for their unique electronic structure and light‐absorbing properties. Recently, the application of copper and photocatalytic synergistic strategies in radical cyclization reactions has progressed considerably, leading to a renaissance in the synthesis of functional natural products, drugs and their analogues, but summary work addressing this aspect has not been reported. In this review, we briefly analyze the effect of ligand choice on copper complexes and some inorganic copper salts and even on light sources. We then summarize the copper and photocatalytic synergistic strategies in radical cyclization reactions and classify them into three categories, C, N and O radicals, according to the class of the central atom of the radical in each work, and in each category will be elaborated in turn from coordination cyclization via Cu catalysts, direct radical cyclization and other cyclization mode. For individual more complex reactions, the mechanisms are explored and briefly discussed.

Integrating industry 4.0 and lean manufacturing for a sustainable green transition: A comprehensive model

The integration of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies and Lean Manufacturing (LM) principles has emerged as a significant strategy for industries seeking to improve precision, customization, competitiveness, and environmental sustainability. However, existing literature lacks a comprehensive model that incorporates these approaches and guides companies towards a green paradigm (GP) transition. This study aims to address the gap in literature by developing a comprehensive model that integrates I4.0 and LM practices and examines how this integration can enhance companies' ability to achieve a green transition. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted to identify 27 critical variables related to I4.0, LM, and GP. The ISM-MICMAC method was applied for analysis. Validation of the model was performed through interview with a sample company. The developed model provides a comprehensive framework for integrating I4.0 and LM practices to facilitate companies' transition towards environmental sustainability. The analysis revealed critical variables and their interactions, highlighting areas of focus for organizations aiming to adopt a green paradigm. The integration of I4.0 and LM practices offers significant potential for enhancing companies' ability to achieve environmental sustainability goals. By identifying critical variables and their relationships, this study provides valuable insights for organizations seeking to navigate the transition towards a green paradigm. This research contributes to the existing literature by presenting a novel model that bridges the gap between I4.0, LM, and environmental sustainability. The findings offer practical guidance for industries aiming to leverage technology and operational strategies to address sustainability challenges.

Green Revolution in Pharmaceutical Formulations: Banana Peel-Derived Fast-Dissolving Tablets for Enhanced NSAID Delivery

The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards sustainable practices, and this review explores the potential of utilizing banana peel-derived materials in the development of Fast-Dissolving Tablets (FDTs) for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) delivery. Banana peels, often discarded as waste, contain bioactive compounds with promising pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of key findings, emphasizing the biocompatibility, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness of banana peel-derived materials in pharmaceutical formulations. Taste-masking techniques and flavor enhancements are discussed as crucial considerations to enhance patient acceptability. The implications for the pharmaceutical industry extend beyond therapeutic benefits, aligning with the growing demand for environmentally conscious practices. The future outlook highlights the need for further research and development, optimization of formulations, and comprehensive evaluations to establish the safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance of banana peel-derived FDTs. Successfully integrating these materials may set a precedent for eco-friendly drug development, fostering a green paradigm in the pharmaceutical industry.

Investigating the influence of lean manufacturing approach on environmental performance: A systematic literature review

AbstractThe growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has drawn considerable attention from both academia and industry practitioners. Factors such as escalating energy costs, heightened environmental degradation, and a burgeoning market demand for eco-friendly practices have compelled businesses to reassess their strategies through a green lens. Given that Lean principles are rooted in optimising operations to minimise waste across design and production processes, their synergy with the green paradigm is evident. However, despite the intuitive connection between Lean methodologies and environmental sustainability, the scholarly exploration of their impact remains largely underdeveloped. This research seeks to bridge this gap by conducting a comprehensive systematic literature review to dissect the current understanding of Lean manufacturing practices and their influence on environmental sustainability performance. The selected papers were meticulously screened and grouped into three clusters using the PRISMA diagram methodology. The primary objective was to discern the tangible effects of Lean practices on eco-efficiency performance and explore integrating Lean manufacturing principles with broader sustainable manufacturing approaches. A structured matrix was created to categorise and visualise the identified impacts gleaned from the initial articles. Nevertheless, the review revealed significant gaps in understanding, particularly regarding the factors that shape the efficacy of Lean manufacturing tools in enhancing eco-efficiency performance. The findings underscore the need for further research to unravel these complexities and delineate the mechanisms through which Lean practices contribute to environmental sustainability. Several avenues for future research have been delineated, focusing on how Lean manufacturing practices can be leveraged to support eco-efficiency performance effectively. While the preliminary findings shed light on the promising intersection between Lean principles and environmental sustainability, they also underscore the imperative for continued scholarly inquiry to unlock the full potential of Lean methodologies in fostering a greener industrial landscape.

Pioneering paradigms: unraveling niche opportunities in green finance through bibliometric analysis of nation brands and brand culture

<abstract><p>This study reviews the literature focused on nation brands and brand culture through the innovative combination of latent Dirichlet allocation with a multinomial and unordered discrete choice analysis. Unlike a narrow perspective of bibliometric work, which confines itself to reviewing existing literature within a specific research domain, a broader viewpoint leverages bibliometric analysis to pinpoint potential research opportunities indicative of emerging trends in related fields. Adopting this comprehensive paradigm, the current study scrutinizes 60 articles spanning the timeframe from 1992 to 2021. The analysis discerns six prospective marketing strategies instrumental in propelling a country to global brand prominence: the synergistic integration of country-of-origin and city brands, consumption branding, materialistic branding, green branding, ideological branding, and scientific branding. Notably, environmental branding has assumed a pivotal global role post–2015, while ideological branding represents a more recent trend centered on diligent efforts to invigorate national identity systems. Empirical insights underscore the need of a multidisciplinary approach in the creation of nation brands, suggesting that distinct strategies need not be mutually exclusive. Quantitatively, it is found evidence that covering one additional environmental topic in a study increases (decreases) its likelihood of belonging to the consumption (ideology) cluster by 50.8 (50.6) percentage points, respectively. Strategic recommendations for future national endeavors emphasize the significance of becoming a Stackelberg leader in the race to generate added value. Collectively, these findings underscore that the bibliometric analysis employed to elucidate the evolution of nation brands and brand culture, typically associated with international marketing, unveils two promising niche areas for future research in green finance: <italic>green nation brands</italic> and <italic>green brand culture</italic>. The former pertains to asset allocations within green enterprises and environmental sectors, enhancing a country's symbolic commitment to the burgeoning green paradigm. Meanwhile, the later delves into the internalization of fintech development's growth and intermediary effects, fostering green innovation, energy efficiency, and green supply chains. This bottom-up approach is geared towards meeting community-based needs and presents valuable avenues for future exploration in the field of green finance.</p></abstract>

Unveiling the green paradigm: Introducing gross environment product (GEP)-The frontier in ecological growth

The gross environment product (GEP) index is presented as a novel, integrative metric designed exclusively to evaluate ecological development caused by human interventions. The GEP index is founded on four essential pillars: air, water, soil, and forest. It provides quantzierte assessments of improvements in air, water, soil, and forest quality. Using regression analysis and Monte Carlo simulation techniques, this study aims to validate and solidify the fundamental GEP equation, as well as investigate its possible application avenues. This research is anticipated to produce a standardized GEP index that facilitates cross-regional and cross-temporal comparisons of ecological growth. The inception of the GEP index is intended to support evidence-based decision making and promote environmentally sustainable management practices.

Climate policy at the Bank of England: the possibilities and limits of green central banking

ABSTRACT While climate change has been a public policy issue for decades, central banks have only recently considered it relevant to their objectives. Beginning in 2015, the Bank of England (BoE) was among the first movers to do so. This article illustrates how two institutional features were key in enabling this response. First, the macroprudential framework that developed in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) has provided the key ideas that central bankers have used to understand climate change in relation to their objectives. Additionally, government support for BoE action on climate change was also essential in empowering the BoE by setting a transition pathway and providing political legitimacy. The result has been BoE policies that not only seek to limit climate-related risks but also actively shift credit toward greener enterprises. However, this article argues that this has not amounted to a green paradigm shift in the BoE's institutional role, but is better understood as a thermostatic mode of policy innovation. While the BoE's hierarchy of goals have not changed, the types of policy problems relevant to those goals has shifted substantially. Finally, this article offers reflections on the scope and durability of the BoE's approach to climate change in this context. This article contributes to the literature on central banking and climate change beyond the BoE by providing a framework for understanding the possibilities and limitations of current central bank approaches to climate change.

Assessment of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Sustainable Business in Ethiopia

Evaluating organisational performance from the perspective of green paradigms is essential as "green" issues continue to gain global attention. This study evaluated organisational performance and green supply chain practices in Ethiopian Telecom. A mixed approach was considered to meet the study's aims. Structured interview questions and a questionnaire were used as a data gathering tool. Workers of Ethiopian Telecom who held managerial positions and were either directly or indirectly in charge of the business's supply chain operations made up the study's population. 386 of the 426 given questionnaires were correctly completed and used in the study, yielding an 87% response rate. AMOS; Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze, interpret, and display the data collected via questionnaire. The methods of percentage, means, standard deviation, correlation, regression, and narrative analysis were used for inferential and descriptive analysis. Regarding survey results, conducted correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between the dimensions of green supply chain management and organizational performance, except eco design and operational performance; however, the overall survey result indicates that except for investment recovery, all of the dimensions of green supply chain management, including organizational commitment, eco-design, green purchasing. According to the SEM regression's findings, organizational dedication, eco-design, green purchases, and environmental practices all statistically influence how well an organization performs.

The Potential of Allelochemicals from Microalgae for Biopesticides.

Improvements in agricultural productivity are required to meet the demand of a growing world population. Phytopathogens, weeds, and insects are challenges to agricultural production. The toxicity and widespread application of persistent synthetic pesticides poses a major threat to human and ecosystem health. Therefore, sustainable strategies to control pests are essential for agricultural systems to enhance productivity within a green paradigm. Allelochemicals are a less persistent, safer, and friendly alternative to efficient pest management, as they tend to be less toxic to non-target organisms and more easily degradable. Microalgae produce a great variety of allelopathic substances whose biocontrol potential against weeds, insects, and phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria has received much attention. This review provides up-to-date information and a critical perspective on allelochemicals from microalgae and their potential as biopesticides.

Analysis of the green paradigm in European, global and domestic policies

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the green paradigm in European, global, and domestic policies. The research methodology is based on a systemic approach, which involves the use of modern and classical scientific methods: general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis of data); retrospective and comparative analysis (identification of cause-and-effect relationships); analytical-synthetic (study of scientific and statistical data, archival materials, legislative and founding documents, etc.). The aim of this study was to define the essence of sustainable development in the context of agrarian and ecological policies of Ukraine, as well as the concept of the green economy as an important component of the country’s socio-economic development in the wartime and post-war periods. The retrospective development of the concept of sustainable development in the context of agrarian and ecological policies of Ukraine and the world has been analyzed. The concept of the green economy as an important component of our country’s socio-economic development has been considered, especially with regard to European integration processes and in light of Russian military aggression and its complex consequences. A comparison of the green economy, green growth, and sustainable development based on economic, social, and ecological aspects has been conducted. The article argues that the comprehensive ecological, economic, and social crisis is a stimulus for rethinking the principles of managing agricultural landscapes in Ukraine, both at the national and regional levels. The feasibility of implementing a complex post-war revival of the state and its regions based on the principles of green economy is justified, albeit with modifications that would include elements of blue and circular economies. It is established that the practical implementation and effectiveness of the documents ratified by Ukraine in the field of sustainable development are relatively insignificant, as there is still no legislative document that conceptually and comprehensively defines a clear procedure for achieving sustainable development goals in our country, as well as a related regulatory framework.

Urban decline to green paradigm: learning from Dessau

ABSTRACT Following reunification after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the eastern German city of Dessau lost population and entire industrial sectors to the more dynamic economies of western Germany, leaving behind a glut of vacant and derelict properties. Dessau’s planners proscribed their demolition, replacing them with a greenway surrounding neighbourhoods as water does an archipelago that has substantially increased biodiversity but has failed, despite the city’s encouragement, to attract community support. This paper explores what adjustments might be necessary for the archipelago model to be more readily adopted by other shrinking cities and new urban developments worldwide.

ЗЕЛЕНІ ІННОВАЦІЇ ЯК КАТАЛІЗАТОР ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ЗМІН В СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ

The green paradigm is aimed at reducing negative environmental consequences and ecological threats while simultaneously eliminating waste and fostering innovative changes in the enterprise management system. This article examines the importance of utilizing green innovations as catalysts for innovative changes in the enterprise management system. Using the hypothesis method, the article analyzes the impact of green innovations on the enterprise management system. Provided the definition of green innovations as a system of novelties, technologies, products, or practices aimed at reducing negative environmental impact and enhancing sustainability. The study proposes an original research model for studying the influence of green innovations on the enterprise management system through hypothesis construction. Several hypotheses are put forward and empirically validated, including: green innovations have a positive impact on enhancing the competitive advantage of the enterprise (H1); there is a significant correlation between consumer pressure and ecological innovations (H2); there is a substantial relationship between government regulation and green innovations (H3); green innovations positively affect the quality of interactions with suppliers (external environment), company executives, and employees (internal environment) (H4); there is a strong and significant correlation between green innovations and social, environmental, and economic efficiency (H5). The article also discusses the leverage points for government influence in stimulating green innovations: the financial support; the regulatory standards; the market mechanisms; the management of innovations. It examines both the positive and negative consequences of implementing green innovations and evaluates their effectiveness in the context of social, environmental, and economic efficiency of entrepreneurial activities. The article substantiates the consequences of the impact of green innovations on the enterprise management system and provides recommendations for practical application.

Unraveling C-phycocyanin extraction by dark incubation from marine cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya valderiana

The sustainable production of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) has accelerated the evolution from a chemical to a green paradigm. Thus, the current study investigated green C-PC extraction using a renewable source such as water as solvent from a marine cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya valderiana BDU 41001 without any chemical treatment by employing the dark incubation at room temperature (25 °C). The effects of different drying methods and standardization of two vital cultural parameters, such as variation in light intensity and salt concentration, were studied for an effective C-PC yield. Wet biomass was found to be the best for C-PC extraction (76 mg g−1) with a food-grade purity (∼0.8), which was further purified up to a reagent grade (∼2.8) using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by dialysis. C-PC yield from L. valderiana was enhanced by ∼1.2 and ∼1.3-fold under 60 μmol photon m −2 s −1 light intensity and 8.33 g L −1 NaCl treatment, respectively, indicating the necessity for adjusting the culture condition for augmentation of C-PC accumulation. Studies on the stability of C-PC at various temperatures, pH levels, and preservatives showed that a concentration of 97% could be maintained at 5 °C for 30 days with 2% sodium chloride addition. As a final point, the cost comparison of the extraction process to the present market value of C-PC predicted that implementing such a simple green extraction procedure could generate >1500-fold higher earnings. Thus, the findings of the current study contribute towards low-cost green extraction of C-PC for establishing a feasible cyanobacterial biorefinery.

Lean, agile, resilient, and green human resource management: the impact on organizational innovation and organizational performance.

There are four paradigms of lean, agile, resilient, and green (LARG) which can promote human resource culture to create novel ideas and increase performance in organizations. This study aims to conceptualize, develop, and validate four lean, agile, resilient, and green paradigms in human resource management (HRM) context and investigates how different LARG HRM elements can affect organizational innovation and performance. In this way, a conceptual model for investigating the LARG concept in HRM is proposed. A new tool to measure lean, agile, resilient, and green indicators in service industry has been developed. Using convenience sampling method, an online survey questionnaire is managed to collect data from 102 service sector organizations, including banking and financial services, transportation, hotel, telecom, and insurance, having more than 50 employees in Iran. The collected data are analyzed by partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that the LARG HRM significantly and positively influences organizational performance. In addition, the LARG HRM indirectly affects organizational performance through organizational innovation. The findings also showed that employee's ability to perform several different jobs from the lean paradigm, paying attention to employee's ideas in decision-making from the agile paradigm, increasing the ability of staff to change rules in different situations from the resilient paradigm, and having employees with a full understanding of environmental policies from the green paradigm, is the most effective elements among the LARG paradigms factors. This study provides valuable insights into recognizing the most effective LARG elements and factors for implementing the LARG HRM in organizations and how it contributes to enhancing organizational performance and organizational innovation in order to achieve competitive advantage.

Green Lean Six Sigma for improving manufacturing sustainability: Framework development and validation

In the past few decades, a competitive landscape, learned customers and rigorous regulations have forced manufacturing industries to focus on sustainability alongside operational efficiency. The main objective of the present study is to develop a systematic Green Lean Six Sigma (GLSS) framework for improvement in operational efficiency together with environmental and social sustainability. Further, the proposed framework was tested in a leading manufacturing company. The framework was designed with insights gained from the literature and industrial personnel and encompasses the systematic application of different tools of the Green paradigm, Lean, and Six Sigma, from the identification and assessment of the problem to the sustainment of the adopted measures. A systematic application of lifecycle assessment and social lifecycle assessment was used to assess environmental and societal performance. The sustainability focused GLSS framework enhances the environmental capability, process performance and provides a new perspective for researchers and practitioners to support GLSS projects to achieving higher sustainability dynamics.

Model za prognozu trendova u ostvarivanju energetske bezbednosti zemalja i regionalnih kompleksa

The paper describes and illustrates a simple, robust, yet sufficiently detailed model that ensures quick and accurate enough forecast of trends and their possible effect on the processes related to energy security and, accordingly, global security. The heuristic model also takes into account diversity in the understanding of the energy paradigm. It is based on the 4As definition of energy security (Acceptability, Availability, Affordability, Accessibility) and uses the regional security complex theory. It considers four factors of the first and twenty-three factors of the second level. The created model enables considering the factors that are difficult to measure, which makes the forecast comprehensive. The model is applied in the cases of the EU, Serbia and China. The conclusion is that a set of factors acting towards the reduction of energy security of the countries whose strategic aspiration is the "green paradigm" exceeds by far the number of those with positive effects. The results point to the conclusion that China should continue the current energy strategy. The actual application of the model, through the analysis of influential factors, indicates the problems that will have their security-related repercussions. The factors that need to be treated as priorities have been singled out if the actual situation needs improvement for the purpose of increasing and maintaining energy security of a country or a regional complex.

An integrated approach for evaluating the enablers for green manufacturing using DEMATEL and analytic network process

In recent decades, increase in environmental awareness has motivated the manufacturers towards minimising the use of exhaustible resources. Green manufacturing focuses on manufacturing technologies and initiatives that optimise energy usage and resource conservation. Green manufacturing aims to minimise environmental impact of manufacturing activities. The central objective of green paradigm is the combination of economic and ecological efficiency. This study aims to identify the key enablers for green manufacturing. The study uses an integration of decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and analytic network process (ANP). The analysis reflects the interdependencies among the enablers of green manufacturing. The results indicates that customer demand, implementing eco innovation and availability of collaborative suppliers are the top three enablers for the transition towards green manufacturing.

Sustainable two stage supply chain management: A quadratic optimization approach with a quadratic constraint

Designing a supply chain to comply with environmental policy requires awareness of how work and/or production methods impact the environment and what needs to be done to reduce those environmental impacts and make the company more sustainable. This is a dynamic process that occurs at both the strategic and operational levels. However, being environmentally friendly does not necessarily mean improving the efficiency of the system at the same time. Therefore, when allocating a production budget in a supply chain that implements the green paradigm, it is necessary to figure out how to properly recover costs in order to improve both sustainability and routine operations, offsetting the negative environmental impact of logistics and production without compromising the efficiency of the processes to be executed. In this paper, we study the latter problem in detail, focusing on the CO 2 emissions generated by the transportation from suppliers to production sites, and by the production activities carried out in each plant. We do this using a novel mathematical model that has a quadratic objective function and all linear constraints except one, which is also quadratic, and models the constraint on the budget that can be used for green investments caused by the increasing internal complexity created by large production flows in the production nodes of the supply network. To solve this model, we propose a multistart algorithm based on successive linear approximations. Computational results show the effectiveness of our proposal. • We study the problem of minimizing the CO 2 emissions produced by transportation activities from suppliers to production facilities and by manufacturing activities carried out at each facility in a two-stage supply chain. • A novel mathematical model which has a quadratic objective function and all linear constraints but one is proposed. The nonlinear constraint is quadratic and models the restriction of the budget usable for green investments caused by the increasing inner complexity produced by large production flows in production nodes of the supply network. • To solve this model, we propose a multi-start algorithm based on successive linear approximations. • Computational results and a comparison with a commercial solver reveal the effectiveness of our proposal.

A Green Stackelberg-game Incentive Mechanism for Multi-service Exchange in Mobile Crowdsensing

Although mobile crowdsensing (MCS) has become a green paradigm of collecting, analyzing, and exploiting massive amounts of sensory data, existing incentive mechanisms are not effective to stimulate users’s active participation and service contribution in multi-service exchange in MCS due to its specific features: a large number of heterogeneous users have asymmetric service requirements, workers have the freedom to choose sensing tasks as well as participation levels, and multiple sensing tasks have heterogeneous values which may be untruthful declared by the corresponding requesters. To address this issue, this article develops a green Stackelberg-game incentive mechanism to achieve selective fairness, truthfulness, and bounded efficiency while reducing the burden on the platform. First, we model the multi-service exchange problem as a Stackelberg multi-service exchange game consisting of multi-leader and multi-follower, in which each requester as a leader first chooses the reward declaration strategy and thus the payment for each sensing task, each worker as a follower then chooses the sensing plan strategy to maximize her own utility. We next introduce the concept of virtual currency to maintain the selective fairness to balance service request and service provision between users, in which a user earns/consumes virtual currency for providing/receiving services, and thus no one can always get services without providing services. Then, we present two novel algorithms to compute the unique Nash equilibrium for the sensing plan determination game and the reward declaration determination game, respectively, which together forms a unique Stackelberg equilibrium for the proposed game. Afterwards, we theoretically prove that the proposed green Stackelberg-game incentive mechanism achieves the desirable properties of selective fairness, truthfulness, bounded efficiency. Finally, extensive evaluation results are provided to support the validity and effectiveness of our mechanism compared with both baseline and theoretical optimal approaches.