The impact of environmental regulation and logistics industry agglomeration on road green logistics efficiency: Evidence from China

The impact of logistics performance and green logistics performance on intra-ASEAN goods exports

Turning the “virtual” into the “actual”: the role of perceived marketplace influence in transforming platform affordances into green logistics behaviour

This study presents a systematic review of the role of key technologies in advancing sustainable logistics and supply chain management. Specifically, it explores the integration of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), logistics 4.0, and digital supply chains, focusing on technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), big data analytics (BDA), blockchain, cloud computing (CC), industrial internet of things (IIoT), machine learning (ML), robotics, virtual reality (VR), and internet of things (IoT). The aim is to examine how these technologies contribute to green logistics (GL), green supply chain management, sustainability, and the circular economy (CE). Data were collected from the Scopus database, covering studies published between 2019 and 2024. A total of 1471 publications were initially identified, and 39 studies met the selection criteria. The PRISMA approach was employed for the systematic review, revealing that leading research on I4.0 is concentrated in top-tier journals, with a significant number of publications from Italy focusing on digitalization in the agriculture and food sectors. Systematic literature reviews and resource-based theory are predominant, yet there is a notable gap in aligning research with the United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper provides insights into technological adoption trends and offers recommendations for industry leaders seeking to enhance sustainability, eco-friendliness, and alignment with the SDGs within their supply chains.

Abstract Under the ‘dual‐carbon’ strategic framework, the development of shared express packaging recycling has become an important pathway to promote the logistics sector's green transformation. Community residents act as key participants in the reverse recycling of express packaging, and their recycling behaviours directly influence the effectiveness of related initiatives. Although community‐based express packaging recycling is increasingly common, the potential role of residents' sense of community psychological ownership in motivating such behaviours remains underexplored. This article presents a serial mediation model to examine how community psychological ownership is activated through strategies that reduce psychological distance. Across four studies ( n = 820), we find that community psychological ownership significantly and positively affects consumers' willingness to recycle express packaging, both directly and indirectly through the serial mediation of community attachment and perceived responsibility. These results offer theoretical insights and practical guidance for implementing green logistics initiatives in community settings.

Background: Amid global sustainability imperatives, the logistics sector serves as a key economic enabler while remaining a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates the causal relationships between green logistics practices and sustainable business performance in Vietnamese small- and medium-sized enterprises, mediated by competitiveness, and forecasts future trends to inform transitions aligned with net-zero goals. Methods: A mixed-methods design integrates structural equation modeling with the gray model. Primary data were collected via Likert-scale questionnaires administered to 350 managers to measure latent variables. Secondary financial metrics (revenue, costs, assets, profits) from 15 firms spanning 2021–2024 enabled forecasting. Results: SEM, employing bootstrapping for path estimation, revealed positive direct effects, with the strongest effects for green transportation and weaker effects for technology, packaging, and warehousing. Mediation via competitiveness yielded mixed indirect effects: positive for warehousing and transportation, but negative for technology. GM(1,1) projected moderate performance growth under conditions of data uncertainty. Conclusions: The hybrid framework advances the resource-based view in emerging market contexts, recommending prioritization of transportation and technology initiatives alongside policy incentives to align with sustainable development goals and enhance resilience in Vietnam’s logistics sector.

Against the backdrop of global climate change and dual carbon goals, the logistics industry, which accounts for about 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions, needs green transformation. Yet, existing evaluation systems have fragmented dimensions, excessive subjectivity, and insufficient objectivity. This study aims to construct a scientific evaluation framework. It uses two rounds of the Delphi method to screen 13 core indicators, forming an environment–economy–society–technology four-dimensional system, and it improves the three-interval TOPSIS method with interval-type ideal solutions, supplemented by Spearman and Pearson dual verification. Taking 24 core cities in the Yangtze River Delta as samples, the results show hierarchical and regional differences: 3 cities (Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou) are excellent, 12 are good, and 9 are qualified. The evaluation system unifies standards for cross-regional and industry comparisons, which works as a quantitative tool for government policy-making and enterprise green transformation, contributing to the development of the logistics industry’s low-carbon intelligent and the achievement of dual carbon goals.

Purpose While logistics service providers (LSPs) implement green logistics as part of their strategic initiatives, there has been little research on B2C customer reactions to green transportation adoption in the context of third-party logistics (3PL) providers. Informed by the customer value theory, this study fills the research gap by investigating the efficacy of 3PL provider adoption of green transportation on customer value and customer loyalty, in comparison to traditional transportation. The study also examines whether the use of renewable fuel in green transportation further enhances customer value and customer loyalty. Design/methodology/approach Two scenario-based experiments were conducted with participants recruited from Prolific in the US and the UK. ANOVA and Hayes' PROCESS Macro were used to test the hypotheses. Findings A 3PL provider's adoption of green transportation (i.e. low- or zero-carbon-emission vehicles) increases customer value and customer loyalty more than traditional transportation. Renewable energy as a source of fuel in green transportation serves as a moderator, enhancing customers' perception of value as well as customer loyalty. Originality/value This study offers empirical evidence to justify the considerable investments 3PL providers make in adopting green transportation and thus adds to the literature on sustainable operations, particularly on the utilization of green transportation as a source of value creation for firms.

The purpose of the research is to develop mathematical models for assessing the green aspects of railway logistics and identifying optimal sustainable solutions to minimize the carbon footprint and increase resource efficiency in the context of a circular economy. Methodology. The article examines the concept of green logistics in railway transport through the prism of environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainable development. The calculation of the carbon footprint of rail logistics is based on the ISO 14083:2023 standard and the concept of green logistics. The results. According to the green logistics methodology, the full carbon footprint includes not only direct emissions from operation, but also indirect emissions from energy production, infrastructure construction and waste management. Mathematical models have been developed to calculate the carbon footprint of rail transport and optimize energy consumption taking into account the principles of the circular economy. A comprehensive green sustainability index for rail logistics, GMSL (Green Multimodal Sustainability for Logistics), which integrates indicators of decarbonization, resource efficiency and social responsibility, has been proposed. The modeling results demonstrate that the implementation of green logistics principles through electrification with renewable energy sources can reduce CO₂ emissions by 90%, and the use of hydrogen locomotives ensures complete decarbonization of transportation. A comparative analysis of six scenarios for the development of green railway logistics for Ukraine was conducted, which revealed that the highest integrated sustainability is achieved with a mixed strategy that includes multimodal integration, green freight corridors and digital transformation. Scientific novelty. An improved mathematical model for calculating the carbon footprint for different types of railway traction was developed, a model for optimizing rail transport energy consumption was built and studied. An analysis of international experience showed the effectiveness of the proposed approaches as a complete transition to renewable energy sources (Netherlands), mass implementation of hydrogen technologies (Germany, France), integration of solar energy (India, Great Britain), digitalization of management (Switzerland, Japan). A comprehensive index of green sustainability of railway logistics with the integration of circular economy principles was proposed. Practical significance. A phased strategy is recommended for Ukraine: completion of electrification of main corridors by 2027, achievement of 75% electrification by 2030, integration of 30% renewable energy sources by 2030, launch of hydrogen locomotives and full decarbonization by 2040. The possibility of using the developed models to justify investment decisions on the modernization of the railway network of Ukraine and to assess the environmental effect of the implementation of various technological solutions is proven.

Purpose This paper aims to address the theoretical and methodological gaps in the green logistics and supply chain management (GLSCM) literature through the lens of knowledge management. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review of 80 articles was conducted following a strict research protocol and the theories-contexts-methods framework, refined through explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings Results show that the resource-based view, the natural-resource-based view and institutional theory are the most frequently applied theories in GLSCM research. The literature is dominated by single-country studies, with limited attention to multi-country contexts. A similar pattern is observed at the industry level, where only a few studies cover multiple industries. Building on these findings, this study develops a framework that extends current theoretical approaches and emphasizes the need to incorporate global, national and organizational-level knowledge-sharing and innovation practices to prepare for and respond to disruptions like the global pandemic. Research limitations/implications Although justified in the existing literature, the research protocol applied may exclude relevant studies. Similarly, the coding procedure, while guided by strict rules, may unintentionally introduce bias. Practical implications When facing multiple combined external pressures on the supply chain network, firms can mitigate adverse effects by creating knowledge, engaging knowledge brokers and establishing a digital platform and governance mechanism for effective knowledge transfer. The study also highlights a growing trend in stakeholder activism. Stricter regulations and transparent incentives tied to sustainable practices throughout the supply chain could encourage more sustainable behaviors among all stakeholders. Originality/value This study proposes a knowledge-driven framework to enable firms to achieve sustainability in logistics and supply chain networks within the global economy.

Technological progress and innovations play a central role in revolutionizing green logistics management, boosting efficiency, sustainability, and environmental stewardship. With the logistics industry advancing, digital tools, automation, and smart solutions serve as vital drivers for eco-friendly supply chains. This study aims to identify key factors shaping enterprises' green logistics practices, assess how targeted technologies bolster sustainable operations, and offer policy suggestions to strengthen green logistics in Nigeria, in line with UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and 13 (Climate Action). The research employed formal methods drawing on primary and secondary data. Results indicate that technological preparedness and internal competencies are the primary drivers, while regulatory pressures take a backseat and contrasting trends in developed nations. The authors recommend tailored policies for Nigeria, such as government incentives for digital upgrades, sustainable procurement, and waste reduction. This framework also applies to other developing countries for analyzing factors' effects on green logistics. Green logistics has emerged as a worldwide imperative, with these policy ideas helping address environmental challenges to foster green growth and SDGs particularly 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and 13 (Climate Action). Transportation firms now prioritize not just profits but also operational shifts for global sustainability. The research underscores the pressing need for targeted investments in cutting-edge technologies to advance green logistics in Nigeria and similar emerging markets.

The article studies the essential characteristics of green business. It is substantiated that the economy of Ukraine has long been characterized by an extensive type of production, which has led to significant depletion of natural resources, environmental burden on the environment, overspending of resources and the use of outdated technologies. It is proven that the modern consumer prefers environmentally friendly products and brands that pursue the principles of sustainable development and are socially conscious, which makes the issue of green business development relevant. The dynamics of the environmental efficiency index of Ukraine are presented, which showed an improvement in the situation regarding the greening of business. It is determined that the characteristics of green business are: profit generation by the enterprise as a result of the production and sale of environmentally friendly products; production of products that improve the well-being of the population and promote social justice; minimization of environmental risks and reduction of eco-destructive burden on the environment; economical use of resources that ensures rational production. The author's vision of green business as a type of economic activity is presented, which is aimed at ensuring a balance of interests between rational production and conscious consumption of environmentally friendly products, which will reduce environmental risks, improve the well-being of the population and obtain an economic effect. The requirements for the development of green business are given, which are: environmental responsibility; efficient use of resources; ensuring social responsibility of business; balance in the "man-nature-production" system; the use of green logistics, which involves the formation and development. It is substantiated that green business is able to balance the economic development of business entities, the environmental orientation of their business and the social component (well-being of the population), and accordingly - to move in the direction of development of the triad model "man-nature-production". It is concluded that green business is a type of activity that is able to preserve the environment, form a green supply chain and develop green logistics, generate social justice and environmental awareness in society.

This paper proposes a two-stage framework integrating Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods to evaluate the performance of logistics firms in Vietnam. In the first stage, DEA models (CCR, BCC, and SBM) are employed to measure relative efficiency and identify benchmark firms among 15 leading logistics companies. In the second stage, FAHP–FTOPSIS is used to incorporate qualitative and sustainability-oriented criteria and to provide a comprehensive ranking of the efficient firms. The results indicate that a considerable proportion of firms operate below the efficiency frontier, implying substantial opportunities for resource optimization. Environmental and technological dimensions are found to be the most influential factors, while companies implementing green distribution strategies and strong data security practices consistently achieve higher rankings. Sensitivity analysis confirms the robustness and stability of the proposed framework. This study contributes by bridging operational efficiency assessment with broader strategic and sustainability considerations, overcoming the limitations of single-method evaluations used in prior research. The integrated DEA–FAHP–FTOPSIS approach offers managers a practical tool to diagnose weaknesses, prioritize improvement actions, and benchmark against top performers. In addition, it offers policymakers valuable insights to support digital transformation and green logistics initiatives in developing economy contexts.

Can electric trucks be a viable green logistics and transportation solution? Modeling a joint logistics-and-charging-infrastructure network design problem

The green logistics maturity model for evaluating sustainable logistics practices

With increasing climate change risks and regulatory pressures, companies confront the challenge of lowering carbon emissions in their supply chains without losing competitiveness. As such, carbon footprint management has emerged as an important priority for sustainable supply chain transformation. This analysis investigates the nexus of carbon footprint management and green supply chain business strategy and how the incorporation of carbon reduction into strategic initiatives contributes to environmental sustainability. Through an analytical procedure that is systematic and based on the literature grounded in low-carbon manufacturing and green supply chain management theory, we provide the methodology to analyze important practices in green manufacturing, green logistics, and collaborative green procurement. The results indicate that carbon footprint management is an instrument for measuring carbon footprint and, in turn, a strategic tool to direct operational decisions towards sustainability. Good green supply chain practices can lead to substantial emissions reductions and increased resource utilization in the long term, but with the limitations of economic, coordination, and data transparency as concerns. For overall sustainability in a low-carbon economy, incorporating carbon footprint management into supply chain strategy is crucial.

This article proposes a strategic framework to advance green logistics in China and mitigate the environmental pressures associated with the sector’s rapid, growth-driven expansion. It synthesizes policy directions and practical measures that promote renewable energy adoption, improve energy efficiency, cut carbon emissions, and embed resource-efficient, environmentally responsible practices across logistics operations. The strategy extends to building eco-friendly infrastructure on land, sea, air, and rail, coordinated through modern technological systems, and leverages the Belt and Road Initiative to accelerate green logistics domestically and internationally. Evidence from Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing, and Hangzhou illustrates early successes. The framework is organized around six pillars—Government, Responsibility, Environment, Energy, Network, and Standards (GREENS): strong public policy and targeted infrastructure investment; shared accountability for sustainable action across sectors; systematic consideration of environmental impacts; substitution of fossil fuels with clean and renewable energy; collaborative public–private partnerships; and clear certifications with measurable indicators aligned to global norms. Together, these approaches reduce carbon emissions while improving the efficiency and competitiveness of China’s logistics system. Highlights Establishes the novel GREENS framework (Government, Responsibility, Environment, Energy, Network, Standards) to guide sustainable logistics transitions. Leverages the Belt and Road Initiative to accelerate renewable energy adoption and eco-friendly infrastructure across all transport modes. Demonstrates empirical success in major hubs like Shanghai and Shenzhen, proving that carbon reduction enhances logistical competitiveness.

In order to increase overall sustainability throughout supply chain activities, lower operating costs, and improve efficiency, this article explores the optimization of logistic processes using mathematical tools and algorithms. Organizations must use analytical and data-driven techniques to improve decision-making and optimize operations as global supply chains grow more intricate and unpredictable. In order to solve problems with route planning, inventory management, warehouse operations, and risk assessment, mathematical optimization models—such as linear and nonlinear programming, heuristic algorithms, network flow models, and multi-criteria decision analysis—are essential. The increasing demand for robust, flexible, and ecologically conscious logistics systems shapes the study's setting. Digital transformation, automation, and green logistics are examples of emerging trends that emphasize the significance of mathematically based strategies that can produce measurable gains. Businesses can reduce waste, maximize resource allocation, and better predict interruptions by incorporating mathematical algorithms into logistical planning and execution. An analytical summary of these approaches is given in this article, with a focus on their useful uses and quantifiable advantages for contemporary logistics.

Purpose This study aims to develop and empirically test a three-dimensional framework integrating visibility, green logistics performance, and operational flexibility to explain freight logistics performance in the Indian context. The freight logistics sector serves as a critical driver of economic growth and competitiveness of nations across the globe. Yet, it faces significant operational inefficiencies, infrastructural constraints and environmental challenges. Despite ongoing reforms and policy interventions, logistics performance remains suboptimal compared to global benchmarks. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes an integrative framework encompassing three key dimensions: visibility, green logistics performance, and flexibility, as determinants of improved freight logistics performance. Drawing on data from logistics professionals across diverse organizational roles and sectors, the study applies fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to identify necessary and sufficient conditions for high performance. Findings The study findings reveal that individual dimensions positively influence outcomes, digital visibility tools, green logistics practices and operational adaptability significantly enhance logistics effectiveness and resilience. Configurations involving Internet of Things integration, carbon footprint reduction initiatives and multimodal transport capabilities emerged as critical enablers. Practical implications By offering a context-specific, empirically grounded model, the study contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical decision-making. It also aligns with Indian national logistics goals such as the PM Gati Shakti initiative and broader global imperatives, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The research thus provides actionable insights for policymakers, logistics providers and supply chain strategists seeking to transform India’s freight logistics landscape in a sustainable and future-ready manner. Originality/value The research adds value by providing the organization’s unique strategic pathways to achieve high logistics performance.

ABSTRACT Achieving sustainable development requires integrated strategies that minimize resource depletion and environmental degradation. This study examines the relationship between waste management practices, circular economy strategies, green logistics systems, and carbon dioxide emissions across the Group of Twenty (G‐20) economies. Using annual panel data, the analysis investigates both short‐ and long‐term effects of municipal waste, bio‐waste, and packaging waste on carbon emissions and economic growth. The empirical framework employs the Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG‐ARDL) model to evaluate dynamic relationships across six specifications using carbon dioxide emissions and gross domestic product as dependent variables. For robustness, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) estimation and Vector Error Correction Model‐based (VECM) causality analysis are conducted. The findings show that improved waste management and the adoption of circular economy principles, particularly reductions in packaging waste, enhanced resource recovery, and more efficient logistics systems, significantly reduce carbon emissions in the long run. While transitional phases associated with adopting green technologies may temporarily increase emissions, these effects diminish over time as economies shift toward more sustainable production and consumption patterns. Furthermore, environmentally responsible logistics contribute to sustainable economic development by improving resource efficiency, lowering supply‐chain emissions, and strengthening ecological performance. Overall, the results highlight the importance of integrating waste management, circular economy practices, and green logistics into national policy frameworks to support carbon reduction targets and strengthen long‐term economic resilience. This study provides new insights into how G‐20 countries can align environmental sustainability with sustainable development goals.