Graft Combinations Research Articles

Early stage morphological, biochemical, and anatomical compatibility of apricot (Hacihaliloğlu) with Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Rootstock candidates.

Early stage morphological, biochemical, and anatomical compatibility of apricot (Hacihaliloğlu) with Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Rootstock candidates.

Enhancing Peri-Implant Papilla: A Minimally Invasive Approach with Integrated Prosthetic Solutions.

The reconstruction of interproximal papilla around implants is considered challenging with limited predictability due to the anatomical constraints and reduced blood supply to the interproximal area. This report introduces a minimally invasive tunneling approach, assisted by an operating microscope, to augment interproximal papillae and improve soft tissue contours. Four cases are included: Cases 1 and 2 demonstrate soft tissue grafting around adjacent implants, performed either during the second stage or after provisionalization, while Cases 3 and 4 address implant-pontic scenarios. After conditioning the peri-implant tissues using provisionals, all cases achieved satisfactory outcomes, maintaining stability over a period of six to nine years. The described microsurgical tunnel technique, with the combination of buccal and interproximal subepithelial connective tissue graft, appears to be a promising approach for reconstructing peri-implant papillae with reliable long-term stability.

Interspecific grafting compatibility studies between tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) grafted on eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its wild relatives

Tomato grafting has proven to overcome the biotic and abiotic stresses as well as improve growth, yield, fruit quality. However, in India the graft compatibility between eggplant rootstocks and tomato varieties has not been explored extensively. The total 18 grafting combinations were developed by using three different (including two breeding lines) varieties of tomato as a scion and varieties of brinjal including two wild species i.e., ST05 and SG06. Tomato var. EC97, EC98 and DOrg and Brinjal varieties and its wild species i.e., SM01, SM02, SM03, SM04, ST05 and SG06 were used as root stock for this study. The experiment was laid out Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 18 treatments and 3 replications and data were analyzed statistically. The results revealed that the plants are compatible with the grafting through cleft grafting method viz., graft success rate (95.71%), days taken to sprouting (10.60 days), number of leaves (27.12), plant height (32.99 cm), stem diameter (0.45 cm), root length (21.59 cm), root fresh weight (16.23 g) and root dry weight (10.51 g) for the graft combination SM01 x DOrg. The 2nd graft combination which exhibited highest graft success rate (93.03%) was SM01x EC98. The highest root length was recoded in graft combination SM01 x EC97 (22.85 cm) followed by ST05 x DOrg and SM01 x EC98. Better root growth as root fresh weight was recorded in graft combination ST05 x EC97 (18.39 g) followed by SM01 x EC98 and ST05 x DOrg (17.65 g and 17.05 g, respectively) but root dry weight was recorded maximum in graft combinations i.e., ST05 x DOrg (13.20g) followed by ST05 x EC98 and SM01 x EC97 (12.59 and 12.23 g, respectively). Further studies are required for the selection of best rootstocks that support vigorous growth of the scions under interspecific grafting for improved graft compatibility and plant growth.

Methodological Appraisal and Evidence-Based Insights on Guided Tissue Regeneration in Endodontic Surgery: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

This study evaluated the methodological quality and synthesised evidence from systematic reviews on guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in endodontic surgery. A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted to identify systematic reviews published up to 21 November 2024, with no language restrictions. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool, and primary study overlap using corrected covered area (CCA) metrics. Fourteen systematic reviews, including eight meta-analyses, were included. The CCA was 12.77%, indicating high overlap, and AMSTAR-2 revealed considerable methodological variability. The use of GTR, especially the combination of bone grafts and resorbable membranes, showed improved healing outcomes in through-and-through lesions. Adjunctive use of platelet concentrates appeared to enhance postoperative recovery. However, heterogeneity in study designs and the absence of long-term follow-up limit the strength of conclusions. Overall, GTR techniques, particularly those combining grafts and membranes, show promise in endodontic surgery, but more rigorous, well-designed studies and systematic reviews are required to reinforce clinical recommendations. Trial Registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42024546481.

A machine-learning-powered spectral-dominant multimodal soft wearable system for long-term and early-stage diagnosis of plant stresses.

Addressing the global malnutrition crisis requires precise and timely diagnostics of plant stresses to enhance the quality and yield of nutrient-rich crops, such as tomatoes. Soft wearable sensors offer a promising approach by continuously monitoring plant physiology. However, challenges remain in identifying direct physiological indicators of plant stresses, hindering the development of accurate diagnostic models for predicting symptom progression. Here, we introduce a machine-learning-powered spectral-dominant multimodal soft wearable system (MapS-Wear) for precise, long-term, and early-stage diagnosis of stresses in tomatoes. MapS-Wear continuously tracks leaf surrounding temperature, humidity, and unique in-situ transmission spectra, which are critical stress-related indicators. The machine learning framework processes these multimodal data to predict gradual stress progression and diagnose nutrient deficiencies in plants over 10 days earlier than conventional computer vision methods. Moreover, MapS-Wears enables portable and large-scale screening of grafted tomato varieties in greenhouses, accelerating the identification of compatible grafting combinations. This demonstration highlights the potential for high-throughput plant phenotyping and yield improvement.

Lateral ridge augmentation using autogenous-xenogenic or allogenic-xenogenic graft mix with a cross-linked collagen membrane: a randomized pilot clinical trial.

Lateral ridge augmentation using autogenous-xenogenic or allogenic-xenogenic graft mix with a cross-linked collagen membrane: a randomized pilot clinical trial.

Complications and outcomes of curettage, chemical cauterization and bone graft in giant cell tumor of bone

Background: Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive benign bone neoplasm with a high potential for recurrence. While intralesional curettage remains the standard treatment, combining chemical cauterization and bone grafting may enhance therapeutic outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the complications and outcomes of this combined approach in managing GCTB. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the national institute of traumatology and orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September 2021 to March 2024. A total of 32 patients diagnosed with GCTB were treated using curettage, chemical cauterization and bone grafting. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system, while complications and recurrence rates were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and Chi-square test, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: The mean MSTS score significantly improved from 58.8%±15.4% preoperatively to 85.2%±15.9% at the last follow-up (p<0.01). A low recurrence rate of 6.25% was observed. Pain levels, assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS), significantly decreased from 4.3±1.2 to 2.1±1.5 (p=0.00002). Complications included joint stiffness (25%), superficial infections (9.38%) and early osteoarthritis (6.25%). Conclusions: The combination of curettage, chemical cauterization and bone grafting proved to be an effective treatment strategy for GCTB, resulting in low recurrence, significant pain reduction and favorable functional outcomes. This approach should be considered a reliable management option, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Trial, Error, and Expertise: My Evolution Through Structural and Preservation Rhinoplasty Techniques.

Rhinoplasty is a continuously evolving field, where meticulous surgical technique significantly impacts outcomes. This article reviews the author's experiences, explores remaining questions, and presents refinements aimed at improving consistency and predictability in rhinoplasty results. The author's rhinoplasty practice began with open structure techniques in 2004, transitioning to closed rhinoplasty with preservation principles over the past decade. Technical refinements have shaped modern approaches, emphasizing both dorsal reconstruction and preservation. Key anatomical considerations include the Pitanguy ligament, the WASA (junction of upper lateral cartilages' caudal border and anterior septal angle), and septal mucosa. Understanding these structures is critical for achieving predictable aesthetic and functional results. Patients with wide, asymmetric, or high-arched dorsums may benefit from structured techniques, while those with moderate hump dorsums and deviations are better suited for preservation approaches. Key technical refinements include controlled mucosal resection, careful selection of intercartilaginous incisions, and optimized tip suturing strategies. The adoption of subareolar dissection for tip surgery and the combination of subdomal grafts with neo-interdomal ligament sutures have enhanced outcomes. The evolution of rhinoplasty techniques, incorporating both structural and preservation elements, allows for more predictable and refined results. Ongoing refinements in dissection methods, suturing techniques, and mucosal management continue to shape the future of rhinoplasty, emphasizing a balance between function and aesthetics.

Effect of micrografting technique on growth and cold resistance of tea (Camellia sinensis) plant

BackgroundMicrografting technology has gained popularity in model plants, with the advantages of a wide grafting range and small space. However, this technique has not been fully explored in tea plants.ResultsIn our study, different rootstocks [radicle (obtained from the germination in seed), epicotyl without cotyledons, epicotyl with cotyledons, tea varieties] and scion (red branch, green branch) grafting combinations were used to estimate the survival rate, plant growth, the compatibility behavior, and cold tolerance of grafted seedlings. Our results showed that the higher survival rate and shooting rate were observed in radicle (obtained from the germinated seed diameter ≥ 15 mm, D3) as the rootstock. Also, the same growth indicators were found in the green branch as scion and radicle as rootstock (GB\\R) were higher than that of other grafting combinations. In addition, the grafted seedlings of LJ43 as rootstock had the best growth rate, and the vascular bundle bridge was completely established in SCZ as scion and LJ43 as rootstock (SCZ/LJ43) graft combination, accompanied with a higher survival rate, shoot rate and leaf number of new shoots and cold tolerance in field experiments.ConclusionOur findings provide a viable tea micrografting method, which has the potential to substitute traditional tea cuttings for tea seedling propagation and thus meet the requirements of tea cultivation.

Effects of kiwifruit rootstocks on physiological responses of grafting combinations under waterlogging stress

Effects of kiwifruit rootstocks on physiological responses of grafting combinations under waterlogging stress

Actinic cheilitis: Do stem cells have a role in its management? A case series.

Actinic cheilitis: Do stem cells have a role in its management? A case series.

A combination of fat grafting with inferior dermal flap in breast reconstruction following prophylactic mastectomy: A cohort study.

Breast reconstruction following prophylactic mastectomy in women with ptotic or hypertrophic breasts often poses challenges. We describe a combined technique of large-volume fat grafting (>100mL) and an inferior dermal flap, aiming to improve aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 21 patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction with the described technique. All patients were asked to complete the BREAST-Q questionnaire preoperatively and at least 12 months postoperatively (median interval: 20 months). Statistical analysis (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) was used to assess changes in satisfaction and well-being; aesthetic outcomes were scored by an independent, multidisciplinary team. Among 13 patients with complete BREAST-Q data, satisfaction with the breasts increased significantly from a median score of 38-85 (p=0.002), psychosocial well-being from 57-70 (p=0.045), and physical well-being (chest) from 68 to 81 (p=0.045). Sexual well-being rose from 47-63 (p=0.023). Aesthetic evaluation by an independent panel showed notable improvements in breast symmetry, shape, and overall appearance. Minimal and asymptomatic fat necroses or oil liponecrotic pseudocysts were observed. Combining large-volume fat grafting with an inferior dermal flap appears promising for women with ptotic breasts, yielding high satisfaction and low complication rates. Despite requiring multiple operative stages, this autologous reconstruction technique may offer a less invasive alternative for high-risk patients seeking natural outcomes without implants.

Advanced manufacturing of coil-reinforced multilayer vascular grafts to optimize biomechanical performance.

Advanced manufacturing of coil-reinforced multilayer vascular grafts to optimize biomechanical performance.

Biochemical responses and resistance characteristics of grafted combinations of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanales: Solanaceae) to plant-parasitic Meloidogyne incognita (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) infestation

ABSTRACT To investigate the biochemical mechanisms and resistance of Nicotiana tabacum graft combinations inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita. This study analyzes the changes in SOD, CAT, POD, MDA, PAL, PPO, CHT and GLU activities in the leaves and root systems of nine graft combinations, judges their disease resistance. The results showed that the combination scion leaves of K326 and Y87 had an increased activity of defense enzymes, while the combination scion leaves of HDa exhibited a decrease in SOD, PAL, PPO enzyme activities. There were no significant differences in root enzyme activity between grafted combinations and rootstocks. Surveys revealed that all grafted combinations of N. tabacum exhibited resistance or high resistance to the disease. The resistance of the graft combination is maintained and not diminished. The G278 + K326, G278 + HDa, G279 + HDa exhibited superior performance across all indicators. This study provides a basis for the integration of new green control technologies for N.tabacum RKN disease.

Evaluation of grafting compatibility and prediction modelling in Sapindus mukorossi

Grafting compatibility refers to the successful healing between stock and scion, as well as the normal functioning of their tissues. This article investigates the survival rates and growth conditions of various Sapindus grafting combinations and establishes a new evaluation system for Sapindus grafting compatibility. This system aims to provide theoretical support for predicting Sapindus grafting compatibility and enhancing the development of improved varieties. The study utilizes 15 Sapindus grafting combinations as research materials, assesses their survival rates and growth conditions, employs the CRITIC method to calculate weights, and develops a Sapindus grafting compatibility evaluation model. By analyzing the physiological characteristics of the scion leaves from these 15 grafting combinations, variance analysis, cluster analysis, and linear regression models were utilized to assess the accuracy of the grafting compatibility evaluation model. The results indicate that the growth of grafted plants serves as a critical evaluation index of grafting compatibility, providing a more scientific approach than relying solely on survival rate metrics. This research offers a theoretical foundation and data support for predicting Sapindus grafting compatibility; an effective prediction model will substantially enhance the efficiency of breeding and promoting improved varieties, thereby fostering the growth of the Sapindus industry.

Impact of Reducing Intermammary Cleavage Gap on Breast Shape and Aesthetics in Hybrid Breast Augmentation: A Case Series

Background: Hybrid breast augmentation, a combination of silicone implants and autologous fat grafting, is an innovative approach aimed at achieving natural aesthetics. This study evaluates its impact on reducing intermammary distance and improving cleavage aesthetics. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 131 female patients (30–55 years) who underwent hybrid breast augmentation between January 2021 and September 2024. The procedure involved subfascial silicone implant placement and fat grafting to the superomedial breast quadrant. Fat was harvested from the abdominal or thigh areas. Outcomes included cleavage distance measurements and patient satisfaction assessed via Breast-Q© scores. Results: Postoperative cleavage distance decreased significantly (mean reduction from 9.5 ± 1.23 cm to 4.74 ± 0.48 cm, p < 0.0001). Implant sizes ranged from 230 cc to 320 cc (mean 271.64 ± 24.2 cc), while fat grafting volumes ranged from 50 to 100 cc (mean 63.11 ± 11 cc). High patient satisfaction was reported, with 93.9% rating their experience as “very satisfied.” Minor complications (e.g., wide scars) were noted in only 3.1% of cases. Conclusion: Hybrid breast augmentation effectively reduces intermammary distance, enhances cleavage, and achieves high patient satisfaction with minimal complications. This method represents a reliable technique for improving breast aesthetics, warranting further exploration in diverse patient populations.

Evaluation of Grafted Tomato for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt under Telangana Conditions

Aims: Evaluation of grafted tomato for resistance to Fusarium wilt under Telangana conditions. Study Design: The poly bag experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Place and Duration of Study: The current experiment was conducted at College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar during Rabi, 2022. Methodology: To find out the sources of resistance in grafted tomato for Fusarium wilt, three graft combinations i.e.T1 – Arka Vikas on Solanum torvum, T2 – Arka Vikas on Surya and T3 – Arka Vikas on Arka Keshav along with T4- Arka Vikas (Susceptible un grafted check) were screened under artificial inoculation conditions in poly bags. Results: Among the four treatments, Fusarium wilt incidence ranging from 0 to 1 among three graft combinations such as T1 – Arka Vikas on Solanum torvum (0.00), T2 – Arka Vikas on Surya (1.00) and T3 – Arka Vikas on Arka Keshav (0.67) and (4.00) in T4 – Arka Vikas (Susceptible un grafted check). Among these T1 – Arka Vikas on Solanum torvum was showed highly resistance to Fusarium wilt with “0” score and the remaining graft combinations T2 – Arka Vikas on Surya and T3 – Arka Vikas on Arka Keshav was showed the resistance with the score values 1.00 and 0.67 respectively. Per cent of incidence was varied from 0% to 100%. The lowest per cent of incidence was recorded with the graft combination of T1 – Arka Vikas on Solanum torvum (recorded zero per cent incidence) and the highest per cent incidence was recorded in T4 – Arka Vikas (100% of incidence) where as T2 – Arka Vikas on Surya (25 % of incidence) and T3 – Arka Vikas on Arka Keshav (16.66% of incidence) respectively. Conclusion: T1 – Arka Vikas on Solanum torvum was highly resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.

Functional and radiographic outcomes of talar osteochondral lesions repaired with a combination of autologous bone graft, cell-free hyaluronic acid-based scaffold, bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and fibrin glue.

To evaluate the efficacy of acellular hyaluronic acid matrix scaffold, BMAC, and autologous bone graft in providing biomechanical support and optimal microenvironment for OLTs treatment. A retrospective analysis of 81 ankles from 80 patients treated between 2018 and 2021 was conducted. The inclusion criteria included patients who underwent surgery for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) and received acellular hyaluronic acid matrix scaffold, bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) fibrin glue, and autologous bone graft. The exclusion criteria included prior ankle surgery, concurrent lateral instability surgery, malignancy, metabolic bone disease, or related medication. Clinical outcomes were assessed with FAOS, VAS, and SF-36 at a minimum of two years postoperatively. MRI findings were evaluated preoperatively, at six months, and 24 months postoperatively via MOCART. Subgroups were formed on the basis of age (< 45 vs. ≥45), BMI, and full weight bearing mobilization (FWBM) timing (4, 5, 6, or > 6 weeks). Postoperative FAOS and SF-36 scores significantly improved (p = 0.000), whereas VAS scores decreased (p = 0.001). Early FWBM (4th week) was associated with superior FAOS, SF-36, and MOCART scores at 24 months (p = 0.039). Underweight and healthy individuals exhibited lower VAS (p = 0.001) and higher SF-36 scores (p = 0.000) at three months, alongside higher MOCART scores at 24 months compared to overweight patients (p = 0.039). This study highlights the importance of a tailored approach to optimize the microenvironment and biomechanical support in OLTs treatment. Further research is required to refine therapeutic strategies.

Alveolar ridge augmentation in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: a study on current practices, patient management and innovations in Germany

IntroductionThis study identifies current practices, patient management concepts and innovations in alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) in Germany.Material and methodsA survey with a dynamic online questionnaire with up to 40 questions was designed to collect general and specific data on ARA, such as case numbers, imaging, surgical techniques, (bio-)materials, and case management in OMFS. After internal and external validation, 1863 OMF surgeons within the German Association for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (DGMKG) were invited via email to participate. Data management was anonymized and descriptively.Results324 OMF surgeons participated in the study (response rate 17.39%). Most participants (60.8%) work in private practices without inpatient care. 62.03% of participants insert > 200 implants, and 28.70% perform > 200 ARA annually. About 30.86% also provide implant-based prosthetic restorations. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the imaging method most preferred by 87.74% of participants. The most common ARA techniques are external and internal sinus lift (SL) and bone block augmentation (97.31%, 90.57%, and 73.4%, respectively). Intraoral harvested autogenous bone grafts (ABG) are most commonly used for ARA (96.63%). The oblique line is the participants’ preferred donor site for ABG (93.27%). ABG and xenogeneic bone substitutes are the most frequently used graft combinations (72.73%). Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is used by 58.59% of participants for ARA, mostly in SL procedures (76.44%). PRF is the most common substitute used to biofunctionalize biomaterials (48.16%). Oral antibiotics are used by 86.40% pre-/intraoperatively and by 88.97% postoperatively for ARA. Most participants believe the surgical technique (94.49%) and the surgeon's experience (92.28%) are the most critical factors for ARA success. 46.32% of participants aim to perform ARA within the skeletal envelope.ConclusionThe findings highlight current practices, patient management, and innovations in ARA in OMFS in Germany. They show standard practices and numerous variations in several aspects.Clinical relevanceSurgical technique, experience, patient health and compliance are relevant ARA success factors. This underlies the importance of extended surgical training and careful patient selection.

Effect of posterior decompression and bone grafting combined with minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation on pain and functional recovery in patients with thoracolumbar spinal fractures

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of posterior decompression and bone grafting combined with minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (MIPSF) on pain relief and functional recovery in patients with thoracolumbar spinal fractures. Methods This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 68 patients with thoracolumbar spinal fractures, who were divided into control and observation groups. Perioperative outcomes, visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale, vertebral anterior height, vertebral sagittal index, Cobb’s Angle, serum substance P (SP), serum cortisol (Cor), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, were evaluated. Postoperative complications were also recorded. Results The observation group exhibited reduced operation time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage volume, and hospital stay, lower VAS and ODI scores, higher sensory and motor scores, improved injured vertebral anterior height and sagittal index, decreased kyphotic Cobb’s angle, and lower serum SP, Cor, and CRP levels versus the control group (p < 0.05). The postoperative complication rate was 5.88% in the control group and 2.94% in the observation group (p > 0.05). Conclusion The combination of posterior decompression, bone grafting, and MIPSF for thoracolumbar spine fractures results in less traumatic stress, improved postoperative pain management, and better recovery of spinal function