The rapid expansion of the global halal economy presents new opportunities for graduates to create value through ethical, innovation-driven enterprises. This paper reflects on four years of teaching the Halal Entrepreneurship course at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), where the pedagogical approach intentionally goes beyond theoretical instruction to train students in halal-compliant income generation, digital business models, and ethical entrepreneurial behaviour grounded in Maqasid al-Shari’ah principles. The study adopts an autoethnographic approach, using the instructors' self-reflection, supported by teaching notes, course artefacts, and informal feedback collected over four consecutive years. The course design integrates value-centric teaching, digital marketplace training, and project-based entrepreneurship, enabling students to apply halal concepts to practical business activities that generate real revenue. Cross multiple student cohorts delivered over four academic years, during which the course was offered twice per year, students demonstrated the capacity to conceptualise halal business models, conduct fundamental market analysis, price products responsibly, and utilise digital platforms for sales and branding. Observations indicate that early exposure to Halal Entrepreneurship reduces fear of business failure, strengthens ethical decision-making, and improves student confidence in economic participation through self-employment and small-scale start-ups. The paper illustrates how a values-based entrepreneurship curriculum supports the development of future-ready talent for the digital economy, encourages inclusive economic governance, and contributes to the broader halal innovation landscape.

This study aimed to determine the predictive relationship between admission academic abilities and subsequent undergraduates’ academic achievement in Nigeria. This research adopted an ex post facto descriptive design. The total population consisted of 282,834 students, while the target population comprised 72,062 undergraduates in the 200 level, and the sample size was 1,524 respondents through a multistage sampling procedure. At the point of admission, students whose scores ranged from 70% to 100% were 291 (22%), 60% to 69% were 484 (36%), 50% to 59% were 471 (35%), 45% to 49% were 69 (5%), and below 44% were 31 (2%). The same undergraduates, after admission, declined in academic achievement to 129 (10%) among the first class, 428 (32%) second class upper, 543 (41%) second class lower, 218 (16%) third class, and 17 (1%) pass category, while others were on probation. The analysis (F(2, 1345) = 0.934) revealed that undergraduates’ academic achievement was not significantly affected by admission academic abilities. The study recommended that undergraduates should work towards improving their academic achievement, as this will determine their future privileges. The government should encourage students to value education by improving employment opportunities for graduates, thereby fostering academic achievement in Nigeria.

Effects of Career Change Opportunities for Graduates After Graduation from an Educational Institute

The change in the nomenclature of the Islamic Education Management Study Program (MPI) to Educational Management (MP) or Educational Administration (AP) at Islamic Religious Universities (PTKI) has had a significant impact on the development of higher education, especially within the Curup State Islamic Institute (IAIN). The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of changes in nomenclature on the management of study programs, curriculum, as well as the opportunities and challenges faced by students and alumni. The method used case study is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, collecting data through interviews with lecturers, students, alumni and study program managers. This study employs a qualitative descriptive–interpretative analysis to explore the transformation of Islamic education management nomenclature at IAIN Curup. The analysis focuses on understanding meanings, rationales, and implications behind nomenclature changes rather than measuring causal relationships. The research results show that changes in nomenclature open opportunities for graduates to be more accepted in non-Islamic educational institutions and expand job opportunities, but also create challenges related to the loss of Islamic identity in the curriculum and management of study programs. Apart from that, curriculum adjustments and unclear regulations regarding the acceptance of ASN and PPPK are the main issues that must be faced. This research suggests the need for strategies to maintain a balance between developing a more general curriculum and preserving the values of Islamic education in the study program.

Technological advancements have posed different prospects and problems at every walk of life. This is also true to the field of agriculture where traditional agriculture business has witnessed shift towards technology based agricultural activities and also start-ups. There is a new hope towards improvement in the Indian agriculture sector which is supported by technology. Agriculture and allied sectors have various opportunities for young graduates. Hence, rural youths are required to participate in Agri-business (Agripreneurship) not only to address unemployment issue, but also to address food security issue and also issues related to technological and digital revolution. India is an agriculturally based country having abundant land for agricultural activities. Even today good number of people has engaged themselves in agricultural activities. Majority of the rural youths are being educated with the purpose of securing decent jobs, but due to advancements in technology and increased number of educated youths, most of them are suffering without being employed in a job. Hence, agripreneurship is the best opportunity to engage unemployed rural youths in agricultural activities in more productive way. This increases the revenue of the county and helps in boosting the economy. There are many prospects for entrepreneurship in agriculture such as, production, marketing, supply chain and allied services. Meanwhile, agripreneurship is facing many problems, such as climate change, changing habits of consumers, reduction in the land suitable for cultivation etc. Agripreneurship helps country in achieving socio- economic development. Hence, the study focuses on analysing the prospects and problems of agripreneurship in India, particularly with regard to unemployed rural youth.

The bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is abundant in antioxidants, minerals, and bioactive constituents that contribute to multiple health benefits. Despite its wide utility, scientific investigations into its incorporation in value-added food products such as beverages, sweets, dairy items, and baked goods remain limited. This study evaluates the nutritional, therapeutic, and economic potential of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), emphasising its integration into Agricultural Experiential Learning Programmes for B.Sc. (Hons.) students to foster awareness of crop management and entrepreneurship development. Bottle gourd, widely cultivated across tropical and subtropical regions, is valued for its rich content of antioxidants, minerals, and bioactive compounds present in its fruit, seeds, leaves, and by-products, which contribute to diverse health benefits, including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and metabolic support. Despite its recognised nutritional and medicinal properties, scientific research on its application in value-added food products remains limited. Field trials conducted at the Agricultural College, Aswaraopet, demonstrated that optimal agronomic practices, viz., the use of red sandy loam soils, scientific nutrient management, and efficient irrigation, resulted in high yields and profitability, with a benefit-cost ratio of 2.0. The study highlights the crop’s adaptability, economic viability, and potential for value addition, while identifying research gaps in compositional analysis and by-product utilisation. By integrating multidisciplinary findings, this review underscores the role of bottle gourd in promoting sustainable food systems, circular economy models, and entrepreneurial opportunities for agricultural graduates.

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the current, today's, problem of improving the professional training of musical art specialists in modern conditions. It is proven that the delineation of the main directions and means of modernization of professional training of musical art specialists takes place taking into account the requirements of modern world trends in education and is considered a topical problem of social development, which concerns the formation of a world of values and spiritual needs of the individual. Various approaches to substantiating tools and processes that can be used to improve the quality of musical education and increase the competitiveness of graduates in the labor market are analyzed. It is emphasized that the current state of the labor market in the musical sphere is characterized by high competition and a variety of opportunities, which in turn contributes to the growth of demand for musical art specialists in conditions of high competition and, unfortunately, unstable incomes. It is these factors that determine the quality of education, the availability of educational programs and opportunities for applicants and graduates in further professional activities. It is emphasized that the current state of higher music education is characterized by the growth of distance learning, which affects the decline in its quality due to the difficulty of fully realizing the possibility of individualizing the approach to each applicant, since state funding for higher education is significantly reduced without taking into account the specifics of the regulatory and legal regulation of the training of specialists in musical art, which necessitates the delineation of clear prospects for the development of high-quality musical education that meets the requirements of modernization and the needs of society. It is stated that the high-quality functioning of the music education system also depends on the extent to which each art specialist actively involves students in musical creativity, mastering the achievements of musical art through a harmonious combination of the use of traditional methods and the introduction of modern innovative technologies of musical education.

This paper investigates factors affecting students’ career trajectories within Higher Music Education (HME) studies. Research findings from three institutions (USA and Australia) detail perspectives into the evolving employability of music professionals and propose strategies for fostering success in HME by enhancing the professional opportunities for music graduates. Aspirations reported in ePortfolios during internship placements led to students recognising alternate discipline possibilities when working with industry. Co-curricular work (teaching assistantships, service-learning assignments, faculty-mentored research) expanded doctoral students’ thinking about employment and multi-modal thesis work informed career trajectories. These activities developed employment-related problem-solving and resilience strategies with employability conversations and thinking encouraging HME students and academics to acknowledge the non-musical preparation required for engaging in meaningful work across the creative/performing arts industry. How to nurture expanding career pathways of professional musicians by utilising optimal circumstances for success is discussed while also questioning the impact of professional roles for graduates across a changing and dynamic societal landscape.

Challenges and opportunities for Tourism graduates in Peru under the Law 32392, the New General Tourism Law

Central Java has the third-highest number of unemployed among Indonesian provinces, with higher education graduates comprising 57.54% of the total unemployed population in 2023. This study analyzes the effects of investment, regional government expenditure, economic growth, the number of industries, and district minimum wages on educated unemployment in Central Java. Using a quantitative approach with secondary data from BPS, the study covers 35 districts/cities from 2019 to 2023. Panel data regression with a Fixed Effect Model is applied. The findings reveal that investment and economic growth have a negative and significant effect on educated unemployment. Conversely, the number of industries and district minimum wages have a positive and significant effect on educated unemployment. Meanwhile, regional government expenditure does not have a significant effect on educated unemployment. This study recommends: (1) Local governments should continuously promote a conducive investment climate through streamlined licensing processes, legal certainty, and improved infrastructure development. (2) Economic growth should be enhanced, particularly in sectors with a high absorption capacity for higher education graduates, such as modern services, finance, and the creative industry. (3) Local governments need to actively support the development of technology-based and innovation-driven industries that can generate more employment opportunities for university graduates. (4) Greater caution is needed when setting district minimum wage policies to ensure a fair balance between the interests of employers and workers.

This paper examines the impact of university reputation on the employment of new graduates in Oman through industry linkages in higher education. Given that employability worldwide is connected to the reputation of universities, this study seeks to determine whether a similar situation exists in Oman. Specific indirect effects using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) are evaluated based on research into particular factors affecting graduate employment. The survey was structured and yielded responses from graduate students. Of these, 76.6% were employed, while the remaining 23.4% reported being unemployed or unable to find work. Findings reveal that student performance and competency significantly influence internship opportunities, which in turn enhance job employment (SP IO JE: = 0. 067, p = 0. 001; SC IO JE: = 0.1, p <0.001). However, the university's reputation regarding employment through industry partnerships was found to be negative and insignificant (UR IP JE: = 0. 011, p = 0. 072). This implies that while partnering with industries may alleviate unemployment in Oman, as is well known in Western countries, aligning universities with weak reputations for students’ employment chances may not yield satisfactory outcomes in Oman. Consequently, the study advocates for improving the relationship between universities and industries in Oman. Policymakers and academic institutions must focus on skills training, marketable skills, curriculum relevance, and increased internship opportunities for graduates. Furthermore, enhancing structures for organized employer assurances and assemblies to support long-established university graduates could strengthen universities' reputations in Oman. The study emphasizes the importance of improving the relationship between universities and industries in Oman. Therefore, policymakers and academic institutions must concentrate on skills training, marketable skills, curriculum relevance, and expanded internship opportunities for graduates. Additionally, enhancing frameworks for organized employer assurances and assemblies to support long-established university graduates could reinforce the university's reputation in the job market.

Abstract There’s no doubt that worries about employment are growing, given the current economic uncertainty in the United States and beyond. And with prominent financial services outfits like J.P. Morgan suggesting that the risk of a recession stands at 40 percent (and PwC putting the likelihood even higher), it’s hard to put fears of a severe economic downturn completely at bay—even for roles like mechanical engineering that are often lauded as being “recession-proof.” Some experts argue, even as early as 2024, the economy was already in the midst of a so-called “white-collar recession,” with fewer job opportunities for college graduates and those with advanced degrees. Certainly, hiring for tech roles had dropped—to the tune of 26 percent for engineers. Thanks to a significant slowing in hiring overall, a February 2025 article in The Atlantic made the case that the job market is already “frozen,” and that’s before we see any impact from new federal policies on the U.S. economy at large.

Currently, the role of a university in promoting the development of rural areas has been emphasized. However, an increase in academic training can lead to a growth in rural migration due to the lack of job opportunities for university graduates. Given the scarcity of studies on the impact of higher education institutions in areas at risk of depopulation, a research study has been conducted with university students residing in Castilla y León (Spain) in order to understand their insights on the benefits that university education can bring to rural areas, as well as to comprehend the reasons that would motivate the migration of university students or even the interest of institutions in addressing the issue of depopulation. The results achieved suggest that an increase in education could help slow down this process, with the proximity of the university being a decisive factor for population settlement. Additionally, while the shortage of job opportunities would be the main cause of migration, there would also be other factors contributing to depopulation, such as lack of leisure or services, despite a will to stay. Finally, the survey respondents expressed skepticism about the institutions’ interest in addressing this problem.

This article focuses on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on college graduate employment. By collecting and analyzing student employment data, this study examined how artificial intelligence affected college students' job prospects—based on this data, the article offers effective strategies regarding employment guidance. The research methodology included data collection regarding students' academic performance, family economic situations, and employment preferences. The research study utilized the application of educational data mining techniques and machine learning algorithms, such as clustering and logistic regression. Results of this study showed that AI replaced certain types of jobs and created other, new employment opportunities for college graduates—and that students exhibited significant variations in their employment preferences (e.g., in terms of preferred job locations, industries, and roles) and academic performance, which in turn influenced their employment outcomes.college students in adjusting to the employment landscape as it has been shaped by AI.

Objectives and importance of study Public health aims to improve health at scale through a variety of preventive, protective and response measures. As a deep and broad profession, public health necessitates a wide variety of roles, specialisations and career pathways. This breadth can lead to many public health students experiencing career uncertainty, particularly related to awareness of career options. Ensuring public health education prepares students for the workplace is essential to meet workforce needs. Understanding where graduates work, what they do and what skills they possess can inform career decisions of students and curriculum design to address industry requirements. This study aims to describe and discuss the employment outcomes of Australasian public health alumni using LinkedIn data. Study type Descriptive, observational study, using secondary data. Methods Data on 14,424 alumni, who graduated between 2011 and 2020, were collected from the alumni section of 36 Australasian university LinkedIn pages. Data on geographic location ('where they live'), employment ('where they work' and 'what they do') and self-reported skills ('what they are skilled at') were recorded and analysed. Results Nearly all (95%) of the alumni had lived in an Australian location. Alumni most frequently worked in health care, community and social services, research, or education roles. Major employers included universities (43%), government (27%) and healthcare organisations (22%). Microsoft Office, public health, research skills, leadership, public speaking and project management were the most frequently reported skills, accounting for 51% of entries. Conclusions Tracking alumni via networking sites can provide institutions with valuable information on the skill sets required for employment within the sector and on the nature and scope of employment opportunities for graduates. This information can be used to develop and renew curricula of public health training programs to meet industry requirements. It also offers an opportunity to identify emerging trends, augmenting the requirement for a current training/workplace nexus.

Connecting with alumni is vital for educational institutions as it raises professional networking opportunities, enhances the institution's reputation, and provides valuable opportunities for both students and graduates. It is observed that Jigme Namgyel Engineering College (JNEC) faces constant challenges in connecting with its alumni due to the lack of a comprehensive alumni database since data are saved in document-based. To address this, a web-based called JNEC Alumni Portal was proposed to create a centralized repository for alumni data where users can search and retrieve the data anytime or anywhere. The portal was developed using the Laravel framework, utilizing PHP for the backend and a MariaDB database for data storage. During the development, Reverse Engineering and Iterative methodologies were followed to ensure a systematic approach with detailed planning and documentation. The portal can enable networking, and collaboration, and provide valuable resources for the college administration, faculty, and students. The portal features a comprehensive database of alumni profiles, including names, contact details, graduation years, and affiliations. The search functionality also enables easy access to specific alumni based on conditions such as graduation year or programme of study. Additionally, an event sub-system keeps the alumni informed about college activities.

Job opportunities for college graduates are increasingly limited. On the other hand, the number of intellectual unemployment is increasing. The mindset of students who are still job seekers oriented rather than creating jobs (job creators) makes the imbalance between labor demand and supply worse. The study of the variable explanatory variables of entrepreneurial intention has been carried out, although the results are not conclusive and the involvement of mediating variable or the moderation is still limited. Finding and re-explaining variable that can explain the problem regarding the low entrepreneurial interest is a decent job to be examined again in this study. This study was conducted on final-level student respondents at accredited A colleges in Semarang through interviews by using questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using the Binary Logistic Regression Test. The results show that attitude and contextual factors are the variables that can explain the entrepreneurial interest clearly. The self-confidence variable is actually not able to moderate the influence of attitude and contextual factors on the entrepreneurial interest. This study also shows that autonomy and authority are dimensions that have dominant influence in explaining attitudinal factor and academic support is the dominant dimensions in explaining contextual factor.

The article analyzes the development of nursing in the Republic of Uzbekistan over the 30 years since gaining independence. It emphasizes the transformation of the nurse training system – from the Soviet short-term vocational model to a modern multi-level educational structure. The paper reviews the introduction of new educational standards, the establishment of bachelor’s and master’s programs, and the impact of international partners on the reform of content and teaching methodologies. It highlights achievements and persistent challenges: staff shortages in rural areas, limited career opportunities for university graduates, and insufficient autonomy in clinical decision-making. The authors conclude that further development of the profession and strengthening of the nurse’s institutional role in healthcare are required.

This study aims to improve the effectiveness of the teaching factory partnership program at SMK Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara in improving students' work readiness in the Automotive, Mining Geology, and Merchant Ship Nautical majors. Teaching factory is a production and service-based learning model implemented in an environment that copies the real conditions of the industrial world. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, which was chosen because it allows for in-depth exploration of the dynamics and context of teaching factory implementation in certain educational units. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews with 20 students, productive teachers, and industry partners, direct observation, and documentation studies. The results of the study showed that teaching factory provides contextual learning experiences to students, strengthens technical and soft skills, and increases self-confidence in facing the world of work. Partnerships with industry also strengthen the relevance of open materials and open up job placement opportunities for graduates. However, several challenges such as limited production equipment and practice schedules still need to be overcome to optimize this program. Thus, teaching factory has proven effective as a strategy to strengthen the link and match between SMK and industry.

The academic field of exercise science has experienced exponential growth in the past four decades, including in the number of degrees awarded, available job opportunities for graduates, amount of research conducted, and external funding for research. Typically, exercise science students are young, healthy adults, with an inherent interest in exercise science, making them "ideal" research participants for faculty-led research studies. However, these characteristics also make exercise science students particularly vulnerable to coercion and undue influence by faculty researchers aiming to use these students as research participants. Here, we will discuss ethical concerns related to recruiting exercise science students as research participants in faculty-led research related to power differentials, recruitment of female participants, and academic credit. We will provide recommendations to protect potential student participants from coercion, unjustifiable pressure, and undue influence that could undermine their voluntary informed consent.