Ecological impacts of hydropower projects in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River driven by machine learning: Focusing on nitrogen and phosphorus cycle prediction and assessment

ABSTRACT Large-scale research facilities are increasingly expected to support not only scientific experimentation but also the development of replicable engineering capability. Yet it remains unclear how such facilities become service-oriented platforms rather than project-bound assets or equipment repositories. This paper addresses that question through a theory-guided longitudinal case study of the Shenzhen Synthetic Biology Research Major Science and Technology Infrastructure, drawing on interviews, archival materials, and process evidence from planning through early operation. The analysis shows that facility platformization unfolded through two connected phases: platform rule formation and operationalising platformization. In the latter phase, three coupled mechanisms became central in practice: service orchestration, operational datafication, and assurance portability. Together, they made scientific requests more serviceable, experimental work more reconstructable and reusable, and credibility more portable across organisational boundaries. The paper contributes to platform research, research infrastructure governance, and infrastructure-based capability formation, while offering bounded evidence from a newly operational synthetic biology facility.

Clinical artificial intelligence (AI) applications frequently fail to transition from short-term pilot projects into sustained components of routine clinical care, a phenomenon referred to in this viewpoint as the pilot trap. This persistent gap reflects not only technical or regulatory limitations but also insufficient governance capacity within health care organizations. We argue that such capacity is not fully established before deployment; rather, it develops through implementation as real-world operational tensions clarify organizational ownership, accountability boundaries, and coordination mechanisms. Drawing on an 18-month implementation of a provincial clinical AI platform in China, we develop a 6-module governance framework encompassing institutional carrier formation, infrastructure governance, regulatory and ethical governance, interdisciplinary coordination, translational scaling, and lifecycle evaluation and oversight. These modules represent functional governance conditions observed during implementation rather than a prescriptive institutional architecture to be installed prior to deployment. We further introduce the concept of functional transferability and position the framework as an upstream complement to existing international governance standards, which typically specify what governance should achieve, but often assume that the organizational capacity to implement it already exists. Advancing clinical AI beyond demonstration, therefore, depends less on model performance alone than on the ability of health systems to develop and sustain the institutional capacity required for routine clinical use.

This article introduces the concept of humanitarian investment to analyse the transformation of humanitarian and crisis governance in the context of neoliberal globalisation and the growing involvement of private and hybrid actors. It argues that contemporary interventions are increasingly shaped by investment-oriented logics that reconfigure how aid is funded, organised, and evaluated across post-disaster and chronic vulnerability settings. Drawing on qualitative research combining interviews, participant observation, and document analysis, the article develops humanitarian investment as a regime-level concept structured around three interrelated dynamics: privatisation, individualisation, and financialisation. It shows how authority is progressively delegated to private and hybrid actors, how responsibility for recovery is transferred onto individuals and communities through resilience-oriented frameworks, and how financial instruments transform vulnerability into an object of valuation and risk management. Through empirical cases ranging from philanthropic foundations to insurance-based disaster governance and Global South donor infrastructures, the article demonstrates how these dynamics converge to reorganise crisis governance around performance, scalability, and expected return. The concept of humanitarian investment contributes to existing debates by connecting processes often analysed separately, including philanthro-capitalism and aid financialisation, and by showing how they jointly reshape authority, accountability, and the political economy of contemporary humanitarian action.

Purpose: This article proposes a digital-data-based model for managing historical-cultural relics in Hanoi from the perspective of contemporary cultural governance. Methods: The study employs documentary analysis, policy analysis and conceptual modelling to synthesize legal documents, digital transformation programmes and cultural governance theories. Results: The proposed model consists of five interrelated layers: heritage data foundation, integrated digital platform, data governance and institutions, management operations and public value creation. It emphasizes standardized metadata, risk-based monitoring, controlled openness, community participation and inter-agency coordination. Conclusion: For Hanoi, a city with a dense and heterogeneous heritage system, digital data should not be treated merely as a technical archive. It must become a governance infrastructure that supports evidence-based conservation, transparent prioritization, smart cultural tourism and sustainable public value creation.

Resilience thinking has become central to addressing environmental and societal challenges, yet it focuses primarily on ecological and social dimensions while physical foundations remain underrepresented. This systematic scoping review examined 90 geodiversity and geoheritage studies (2012-2025) analysing connections to resilience concepts. While most reviewed studies lack explicit resilience frameworks, they demonstrate extensive implicit resilience engagement, particularly through maintaining diversity and redundancy, managing slow variables, encouraging learning, and broadening participation. Geodiversity enriches resilience thinking by treating physical environments not as passive backdrops but as active participants in system change, and by bridging natural and social dimensions that are typically managed separately. Three interrelated barriers limit integration of resilience and geodiversity: disciplinary communities remain disconnected, evidence emphasizes description over mechanisms, and institutional infrastructure for geodiversity governance lags behind that for biodiversity. Overcoming these barriers through collaborative efforts could ground resilience thinking in the geological reality that underlies all sustainability challenges.

Canada has achieved near-universal adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) and yet interoperability, the secure exchange and use of health data across different systems and settings, remains limited. We aimed to describe the current state of EHRs in 10 provincial and 3 territorial jurisdictions in Canada and evaluate the maturity of their interoperability using a structured interoperability assessment model. We conducted an environmental scan of EHR use and interoperability across all provinces and territories using Canada Health Infoway documents and structured interviews with 23 subject matter experts. Using a rigorously designed interoperability maturity model, we evaluated jurisdictions across 4 enabler dimensions (governance, legislation and standards, incentives and capacity-building, and technical infrastructure) and 4 interoperability status dimensions (community EHRs, hospital EHRs, patient portals, and system analytics). We found that, although EHR adoption was high, maturity of EHR interoperability was low and uneven across Canada. Integrated EHR health data exchange was limited, and nearly all jurisdictions lacked EHR interoperability between hospitals, community specialists, and primary care. Data exchange between primary care and specialists, and between hospitals and community settings, was heavily dependent on fax (traditional or online) or mailed letters in every jurisdiction. Patient portal contents and system-level analytics using EHR data were underdeveloped nationally. No jurisdiction was advanced in all dimensions. Although most jurisdictions showed strength in at least 1 area, they also exhibited many areas for growth. We identified 8 key barriers to interoperability, each of which can be overcome. Canada has widespread EHR adoption, but maturity of EHR interoperability and the enabling conditions required for true interoperability are low and inconsistent across jurisdictions. Strengthening governance, legislation, standards, incentives, and technical infrastructure - supported by national legislation to mandate interoperability across different EHRs - will be essential to advancing connected care across Canada and realizing widespread benefits for patients, clinicians, and health systems.

ABSTRACT This study challenges conventional development paradigms by positioning Northern Canada within the framework of the Global South. Through an interdisciplinary approach integrating Staples Theory, Postcolonial Theory, Dependency Theory, the Basic Needs Approach and the Capabilities Approach, it examines the socioeconomic, infrastructural and political marginalization of Northern Canada. This research highlights how resource dependency, infrastructural neglect and uneven human development interact in the context of Canadian political economy, drawing direct parallels to other historically colonized regions. This analysis demonstrates that Northern Canada’s dependency reflects not only extractivism-driven underdevelopment but also capability constraints, offering a novel framework for understanding subnational peripheralization. By reframing Northern Canada within this paradigm, this article disrupts the traditional Global North/South binary and argues for a more nuanced understanding of regional disparities. This perspective has profound implications for development policy, suggesting a need for localized governance, economic self-determination and equitable infrastructure investment.

Grassroots governance is the cornerstone of China's governance system, and the level and effectiveness of governance at the grassroots level are directly related to the development and stability of the whole national society. Based on the social survey data of grassroots public service coordination mechanism in 105 villages in Province A in 2024, the article selects the influencing factors of grassroots public service coordination and determines 14 independent variables based on one-way ANOVA and Lasso regression model, and analyzes the relevant influencing factors of the management optimization paths of the grassroots public service coordination mechanism by using multicategorical ordered logistic regression model. The results show that the clarity of the policy framework, the uniformity of regulations and standards, the orientation of assessment and incentives, the leadership and political determination, the appropriateness of the organizational structure, the adequacy of resource security, the degree of integration of platforms, the quality and security of data, the applicability of technology, the digital literacy of personnel, the awareness and ability of collaboration, the effectiveness of the training system, the degree of process optimization, and the accessibility and inclusiveness of services have a significant impact on the management optimization of grass-roots public service collaborative mechanisms. Optimization has a significant impact. It is recommended that the government improve the main governance capacity, promote the construction of a collaborative governance infrastructure platform, improve the relevant supporting mechanisms, and increase the publicity of the governance collaborative mechanism.

ABSTRACT Ultra-peripheral regions face persistent structural constraints linked to insularity, limited accessibility, and fragile socio-economic systems, posing significant challenges for territorial planning and regional policy design. In this context, this paper reconceptualizes rural development as a territorially embedded and governance-driven process, rather than a sector-specific outcome. Focusing on the Azores, an ultra-peripheral European region, it explores how rural tourism entrepreneurship operates within broader territorial development dynamics. Using a quantitative approach based on structured data from rural entrepreneurs and analysed through categorical principal components analysis (CATPCA), the study identifies key territorial drivers shaping development trajectories. The findings highlight the central role of governance structures, accessibility and infrastructure, human capital, and marketing capacities as interconnected dimensions influencing development outcomes. These drivers form a systemic configuration that conditions the effectiveness of place-based strategies in peripheral contexts. Contextually, by conceptualizing rural entrepreneurship as embedded within territorial governance systems, the paper contributes to debates on regional planning in island and peripheral regions. It enhances understanding of development processes in structurally constrained territories and provides policy-relevant insights for designing integrated, place-based strategies aligned with the specificities of ultra-peripheral regions in the European context.

ABSTRACT Cloud infrastructure governance increasingly depends on the ability to enforce measurable service-level objectives (SLOs)—the contractual commitments that underpin availability, performance, and operational resilience in modern enterprise environments. When SLOs are violated, organizations face compounding consequences: service disruptions, compliance exposure, audit findings, and degraded trust. Predictive autoscaling offers a proactive control mechanism, but its governance value is realized only when capacity decisions are grounded in calibrated, risk-aware uncertainty rather than deterministic point forecasts. This article introduces SLO-Aware Heteroscedastic LSTM (SLOAH-LSTM), a probabilistic workload forecasting model that embeds asymmetric risk weighting into its learning objective, directing forecast precision where it matters most for compliance. To support auditable and explainable capacity decisions, we evaluate three interpretable decision mappings (mean, quantile, and cost-aware Monte Carlo selection). A simulation framework replicating realistic cloud controller constraints demonstrates our approach reduces SLO violation rates from ≈6.5 percent to ≈3.0 percent with only a moderate increase in provisioned resources (avg pods ≈20 → 25) and a markedly improved combined cost index (≈55 vs. ≈85). These findings establish a practical, low-overhead framework for governing cloud resource allocation with quantifiable compliance guarantees, directly supporting IT audit objectives around availability assurance, risk-aware capacity planning, and the operational integrity of cloud-native enterprise infrastructure.

Purpose: This paper examines the role of administrative process standardisation as a key driver of interoperability and policy coherence in contemporary public administration. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative case study approach, supported by descriptive analysis of administrative data, focusing on the Greek National Registry of Administrative Procedures (MITOS). Findings: The findings show that MITOS functions as a governance infrastructure rather than a simple registry, enabling interoperability, enhancing transparency, and supporting knowledge management, particularly under conditions of limited human resources. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study contributes by conceptualising administrative procedures as structured, data-enabled governance units and by introducing the concept of Administrative Process Intelligence, highlighting the importance of process-centric and knowledge-driven approaches to administrative reform. The findings also provide policy implications for digital government reform, interoperability design, and administrative coordination.

Purpose This study examines the factors influencing consumer adoption of mobile banking (MB) in Afghanistan, a fragile economy where mobile technology offers significant potential for financial inclusion. Design/methodology/approach Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the research integrates external constructs—service awareness, resource availability, perceived trust, and perceived risk—alongside perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and demographic factors, and tests their impact on consumers' intention to adopt MB. Primary data were collected via a structured survey of 377 commercial bank customers in Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, and hypotheses were tested using partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings Perceived trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and income significantly and positively affect consumers' intention to adopt MB. In contrast, the impact of education, service awareness, resource availability, and perceived risk on adoption intention was found to be insignificant. The importance of trust, usability, and perceived benefits over infrastructure or awareness-related factors in this context is also highlighted. Practical implications The study extends TAM to the context of Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and provides valuable insights for financial institutions and policymakers to promote digital financial inclusion. Strengthening trust mechanisms, simplifying MB interfaces, and tailoring services across income levels are crucial. Originality/value Most prior studies on mobile banking adoption have examined stable, developed, and developing economies, leaving LDCs' fragile contexts understudied. This study fills this gap by exploring Afghanistan's unique institutional environment, illustrating how weak governance infrastructure and low systemic trust reshape core TAM relationships. In this way, it makes a conceptual contribution by expanding TAM's applicability to fragile, underdeveloped countries with unique behavioral and institutional dynamics.

Rapid population growth challenges governance systems, housing markets, infrastructure capacity, and social cohesion, yet it is often treated as a predictable and uniform process. This structured comparative review synthesizes four distinct rapid-growth literatures: energy boomtowns, amenity-migration destinations, gateway communities, and mega-event host towns, to examine how different growth drivers shape community resilience. Using systematic forward and backward citation tracking grounded in community theory, the review identifies recurring patterns across otherwise separate research traditions. The analysis shows that outcomes are shaped less by growth itself than by institutional and spatial conditions. Extractive boomtowns and mega-event hosts experience compressed cycles of disruption and recovery that test adaptive capacity, while amenity-migration destinations and gateway communities face sustained pressures related to housing affordability, land-use conflict, and social boundary formation. Across contexts, three interrelated dimensions of adaptive capacity consistently structure trajectories: multilevel governance coordination, housing and land-use elasticity, and the management of social equity and cohesion. The findings advance a conceptual resilience framework that interprets rapid population change as a socio-spatial shock filtered through institutional and spatial conditions, with implications for sustainable urban design, flexible infrastructure planning, and inclusive governance.

Purpose This article examines how English is built into policy, digital, and academic governance systems in Jordan and selected Middle Eastern comparator contexts. It argues that English now functions less as a discretionary communicative resource than as an infrastructural condition of participation, recognition, and mobility. Design/methodology/approach The study combines Critical Language Policy and Critical Discourse Analysis to examine a purposively sampled corpus of 37 publicly accessible texts and artefacts. The corpus is organised across three domains: state and institutional policy texts, public and digital semiotic environments, and scholarly and accreditation-related infrastructures. Jordan provides the primary empirical anchor, while selected Saudi and Gulf materials are used analytically to test whether comparable governance logics travel across the region. Findings Across the corpus, policy texts link English to employability, benchmarking, and international standards; public and digital interfaces place English in the labels and pathways that enable navigation, transaction, and completion; and academic governance materials require English abstracts, keywords, or metadata for visibility and indexing. Arabic remains constitutionally and symbolically authoritative, but it is less consistently embedded in the infrastructures that confer auditability, comparability, and institutional visibility. Originality/value The article introduces Hyperlingua as an author-developed diagnostic construct for naming a configuration in which English derives governing force from its alignment with platforms, metrics, templates, and evaluative systems. In doing so, it shifts analysis from English as an object of linguistic description to the institutional design of multilingual participation and to the problem of multilingual justice under infrastructural governance.

The Planning and Infrastructure Act 2025 represents one of the most significant reforms to the English planning system in recent decades, with profound implications for infrastructure delivery. This paper critically examines the Act, focusing on how legislative reform reshapes governance arrangements, professional practice, and infrastructure outcomes. Using a qualitative doctrinal and comparative methodology, the study analyses the Act alongside previous UK planning reforms and selected European planning systems, highlighting how legislative change influences infrastructure delivery through governance arrangements and professional practice. The paper develops a conceptual framework linking law, governance mechanisms, and built environment outcomes, demonstrating that legislative change influences infrastructure performance indirectly through institutional structures and professional practice. The analysis identifies key opportunities arising from the Act, including accelerated infrastructure delivery, improved project certainty, enhanced investment confidence, and the potential for strategic environmental mitigation. However, it also highlights significant challenges relating to environmental integrity, public trust, and skills and capacity constraints within local authorities. While the Act may improve delivery efficiency, its success will depend on complementary governance reforms, sustained investment in professional capacity, and the ethical engagement of engineers in balancing efficiency with sustainability. The findings offer practical insights for engineers, policymakers, and regulators navigating planning reform.

As Web3 architecture, artificial intelligence (AI), immersive environments, and connected devices converge, societies are moving from digitally mediated interaction to digitally programmed organisations, reshaping how value, labour, identity, learning, and participation are produced and governed. Programmable money, decentralised identity, AI-driven avatars, digital twins, and immersive environments illustrate how programmability collapses traditional distinctions between infrastructure, governance, and social behaviour. While these systems offer significant potential for inclusion, efficiency, and innovation, they also introduce profound ethical risks. This means that ethical challenges should become core governance elements, as code, data, and automated systems increasingly mediate trust, agency, and power at scale. Ethical failures in digital systems can scale across platforms, populations, and jurisdictions. This paper conceptualises a structural shift in which institutional rules, incentives, and governance functions are increasingly executed directly within programmable digital infrastructure, making ethics, accountability, and trust intrinsic properties of system design.

ABSTRACT This study examines embedded governance in China’s private television drama industry. We analyze how the Central Propaganda Department (CPD) and the United Front Work Department (UFWD) coordinate to steer this commercialized sector through the Grand United Front (大统战) at the micro level. Through institutional analysis and a two-mode network map of 59 key elites and 58 organizations – linked to 131 National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA)-backed private dramas (2013–2024) – we identify a three-stage process of elite co-optation. We argue that the Party-state builds a sophisticated control network by deploying ‘Red Capitalist’ insiders, mobilizing their kinship networks, and absorbing outsiders through institutional approaches. This process transforms guanxi (关系, interpersonal ties) into a media governance infrastructure for transmitting political signals and normalizing compliance. We identify three patterns of relational control – Relational Infiltration, Relational Co-optation, and Regime Co-optation – that demonstrate a shift from external co-optation to deeply embedded governance by insiders. The case of Macao’s ‘Aollywood’ (澳涞塢) suggests a possible extraterritorial extension of the model. Our findings contribute to the political economy of communication, specifying how an authoritarian regime institutionalizes embedded governance to maintain ideological control within a marketized media system.

High-altitude border infrastructure warrants consideration as an instrument of critical force multiplier that increases the ability of the military to be mobile, sustaining and ready to act. This paper discusses the strategic value of a road network, the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), road network within Himachal Pradesh, an important industry of the Indian northern frontier. It adopts a qualitative mixed-methods approach, drawing on secondary literature, policy reports, and case study analysis. The paper assesses the role of the road and tunnel infrastructure in the military logistics under the extreme terrain condition. The problem of the research is the conflict between the deepening of the strategic continuity and the limitations of weak Himalayan geography, such as landslides, avalanches, and seasonal destabilization. Results show that the BRO infrastructure has a great impact on cutting response time by a huge margin, improvement of accessing it all year long and increasing logistical efficiency thus intensifying force projection. But long-standing resilience weak spots, including vulnerability of infrastructure, maintenance issues and incompetence in governance, constrain its performance as a continuously enhancing force multiplier. The paper goes on to point out socio-environmental trade-offs that are coupled with infrastructure development at a high-speed. The policy implications have included the idea that the engineering solutions should be resilient; the civil-military planning undertakings should be combined with the infrastructure governance based on the life-cycle to guarantee the existence of the high-altitude environments in operational terms.

With the growing digitisation of healthcare services, health data infrastructures play a critical role in healthcare and medical research. Health data are relational in nature and can reproduce historical inequities and manifest colonial patterns, where Global North notions and agendas for healthcare and research are replicated. In this light, governance of health data infrastructures needs to be centred within the sociopolitical context of these infrastructures, promoting the data interests of communities, especially vulnerable and marginalised communities. However, current data protection frameworks that prioritise individual privacy rights are inadequate for addressing collective, context-dependent harms arising from data use. To address this governance gap, the article advocates for a shift from privacy-centric governance to a data justice approach, and seeks to layer data justice with a solidarity-based, decolonial approach. The theoretical and practical dimensions of this approach are explored through three key elements: constitutional, procedural and positional. Constitutional elements deal with the foundational principles or logic underlying the governance architecture of the health data infrastructures. Seen through a justice lens, these constitutional elements are geared towards acknowledging, preventing and mitigating inequities in healthcare and health data activities. Further, procedural elements are building blocks with the aim of embedding tangible mechanisms within governance architecture. Lastly, positionality is the connective tissue that weaves together the constitutional and procedural elements. It is understood as the inherently embodied nature of knowledge, knowledge creation and its processes. It brings forth the criticality of the situatedness of knowledge and power structures, and urges us to imagine governance that does not seek to escape perspective, but makes vantage points both explicit and answerable.