Good Environmental Conditions Research Articles

Analysis of the environmental state of the Sarata River in Odesa Region

The relevance of the study is dictated by the need to preserve the water resources of southern Ukraine and ensure their good environmental condition. In the context of military operations, Odesa Region plays a key role in providing the country with agricultural products because of significant damage incurred to agricultural lands of Mykolaiv and Kherson Regions in the course of military actions. Hence the role of irrigation and the need to restore and modernize irrigation systems are growing. One of fresh water reservoirs of Odesa Region is Sasyk reservoir (artificially created as part of the estuary) which accumulates fresh water supplied from the Danube. The Kogylnyk and the Sarata rivers flow into the northern part of the reservoir and can worsen its hydroecological condition. The subject of the study: pollution of the rivers across North-Western Black Sea Coast by chemicals. The object of the study: the environmental state of the Sarata River. The study is aimed at assessing the environmental state and environmental risks of chemical pollution of the Sarata River. The water quality assessment was performed based on a modified version of water pollution index (WPI). Biogenic substances (ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen) were identified as the main pollutants. The content of chlorides and sulfates is also significant. The assessment of the pollution risks by biogenic substances is based on calculations of the statistical probit function. The source materials of the research include hydrochemical observations made by the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine for the period from 2007 to 2023 in the upper reaches of the Sarata River - village of Miniailivka (94 km from the mouth, near the border with Moldova) and in the lower reaches of the Sarata River - village of Bilolissya (14.3 km from the mouth). The analysis of probability of exceeding the MPC for fishery use indicated that, in terms of nitrite ions and nitrate ions, such probability is higher in the upper basin than in the lower one. According to other indicators, the probability of exceeding the MPC by pollutants is either almost the same or slightly increased in the lower reaches. The assessment of water quality according to the modified WPI (dissolved oxygen, BOD5, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate ions, phosphates) showed that the water quality in the Sarata River mainly belongs to the "moderately polluted" and "polluted" classes. According to the environmental risk indicators, it was established that the possibility of a "high" risk of contamination by biogenic substances does prevail. Its probability is 52.9% for the upper reaches and 60% for the lower reaches. The "high" level of class IV pollution (ER=0.60-0.79) corresponds to an "unsatisfactory" environmental condition. The probability of achieving the class of a "good" environmental condition (class II, ER=0.20-0.39) is quite small: 17.6% in the upper reaches and only 6.67% in the lower reaches. Thus, the Sarata River belongs to such rivers, the natural properties of which underwent significant changes as a result of sewage delivery from "Sarata Komunservis" utility enterprise, settlement of Sarata. Contaminated waters are unsuitable for drinking, household and sports purposes, as well as for fish farming. The quality of the Sarata River's water has a negative impact on the environmental state of Sasyk reservoir.

Parent-infant closeness and care practices during therapeutic hypothermia in Swedish neonatal intensive care units

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate care practices among Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) providing Therapeutic hypothermia (TH), and more specific to investigate staff’s experiences of parental participation, presence, and possibilities of being close with their infant during TH. MethodsA descriptive, qualitative, and quantitative study. All Swedish NICUs providing TH (n = 10) participated. Data were collected during January–April 2021 via a questionnaire followed by a semi-structured interview with the registered nurse and the neonatologist responsible for TH at each unit. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and a qualitative content analysis was performed. ResultsAll NICUs allowed parents unlimited stay with their infants and were keen to support parental presence, which was a prerequisite for promoting parent-infant closeness. Standardized routines regarding the infants’ care space and course of action were described as time-efficient and staff-saving, which freed up time to focus on the families. ConclusionStandardized routines regarding the care space setup and the medical and caring approach, as well as the NICU environment and practices around the families, can promote or curb the possibilities of parent-infant closeness. Well-established care practices and good environmental conditions with flexibility regarding the family’s needs are therefore required.

Can green finance improve eco-efficiency? New Insights from China.

Achieving economic development and ecological protection simultaneously is an inevitable selection for sustainable development in today's world, so it is crucial to improve eco-efficiency (EE). According to Chinese panel data at the provincial level between 2010 and 2020, this research explores the nexus between green finance (GF) and EE. The results denote that GF can significantly improve EE, and the higher the level of EE, the stronger the effect of improvement. The upgrading of industrial structure, optimization of energy structure, enterprises' concern for environmental protection and the public's attention to the environment are all favorable factors that can enhance the promotion effect of GF on EE. Additionally, this facilitation can only be played under a good external environment and mature internal conditions. Our findings can provide new insights for improving EE by developing GF.

The Influence of the Work Environment and Organizational Commitment on the Performance of the State Civil Apparatus at the Regional Education Office of North Sulawesi Province

In an initial survey conducted at the North Sulawesi Provincial Education Office, there were several deficiencies in the work environment, including uneven internet connectivity, outdated equipment, and suboptimal room temperature conditions. This study was quantitative using a cross sectional design, involving 143 ASN with a sample of 60 people selected using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected through questionnaires and observations. The research results show that good working environmental conditions have a positive and significant influence on the performance and organizational commitment of ASN in the service. Based on these findings, it is recommended to improve facilities and infrastructure and create a conducive working atmosphere. This will support the transformation of quality education services, increasing the sense of pride and belonging among employees.

Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) diversity in Kedung Klurak Tourism Area, Mojokerto District, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Umami S, Amaliyah NS, Fahlefi AR, Zumar MR, Romzalis AA, Wibisana OR, Susanto MAD. 2024. Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) diversity in Kedung Klurak Tourist Area, Mojokerto District, East Java, Indonesia. Intl J Trop Drylands 8: 27-34. Kedung Klurak is a natural tourism area with very good environmental conditions and is naturally maintained. This study aims to identify and analyze the diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the Kedung Klurak Tourism Area, Mojokerto District, East Java, Indonesia. The sampling method used in this study was the sweeping net and cruising or transect method. The research location was divided into three locations: the riverbank, pine forest, and bamboo area. The results of this study found 37 species, with a total of 593 individuals belonging to 5 families. The index value of species diversity in the Kedung Klurak Tourism Area is H = 3.313 in the high category. The highest diversity index is at the riverbank location with H = 3.313, followed by pine forest with H = 3.060, and the lowest diversity index is at the bamboo area location with H = 2.811. Several factors affecting differences in butterfly species diversity (Lepidoptera) are their location because they have different environmental conditions and are influenced by the availability of biotic and abiotic factors, food, and host plants. Abiotic factors include light intensity, temperature, and air humidity.

Relationship Between Abundance of Clamydomonas spp and Chlorella spp on Clinical Performance of Red Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in Silvofishery Ponds

Abstract Chlamydomonas spp. and Chlorella spp. are plankton genera that can be used to determine the level of balance in the aquatic environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the abundance of plankton Chlamydomonas spp. and Chlorella spp. and its relation to the clinical performance of red tilapia in silvofishery ponds. The research method used is an ex post facto causal design with random sampling. The results showed that the water quality in the silvofishery ponds was very good, except for the nitrate parameters of 0.00-1.50 mg/L and salinity of 2-11 gr/L, which exceeded the quality standards. In the silvofishery ponds, 5 plankton classes were found, namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Protozoa, and Dinophysis, consisting of 15 genera. The dominant class Chlorophyceae had an abundance of 2.88E+06 cells/ml. The class Chlorophyceae is dominated by Chlorella spp. (2.63E+06 cells/ml) and Chlamydomonas spp. (2.20E+05 cells/ml). The abundance of Chlamydomonas spp. in silvofishery ponds is closely related to phosphate solubility (0.988). Based on observations of clinical symptoms on the eyes, gills, and fins of fish, no disease infections or physical abnormalities were found in the fish cultured in silvofishery ponds. Fish tend to live well with a growth rate of 0.44 g/day. The aquatic ecosystem of the silvofishery pond, which is dominated by the plankton Chlorella spp. and Chlamydomonas spp., had a good effect on the performance and condition of the farmed fish. This study concludes that the abundance of Chlamydomonas spp. and Chlorella spp. was very dominant compared to other plankton genera. The presence of Chlamydomonas spp. and Chlorella spp. illustrates good and stable environmental conditions in silvofishery ponds, followed by no clinical signs of disease infection in the fish reared during the study period.

Biodiversity Study of Mangrove Forest in Lawas Sarawak

Mangroves are one of the most abundant biological diversity with a valuable ecosystem. They are found on sheltered shores and in estuaries in tropical and subtropical regions. Mangrove ecosystems are made up of organisms that interact with each other in mangrove habitats. It is estimated that mangroves cover more than double the number of species found on land, with the best results occurring in tropical coastal areas. Mangroves are found in Malaysia, particularly in Sarawak, and have an area of around 167,312 ha, which is valuable both financially and ecologically. However, the majority of mangroves found in Southeast Asia are endangered, partially denuded, and have poor species diversity. Sarawak is one of the least affected areas, but there are only a few mangrove surveys being conducted there. The main goal of this study is to conduct a biodiversity study of the mangrove forest in Awat-Awat, Limbang, Sarawak. To support the objectives of the study, three transects were established. The results showed more than 20 species of this mangrove area from upstream to downstream, as well as some wildlife species. This abundance of biodiversity was due to the good environmental conditions, such as less pollution on the soil and better water quality. The ecological function of plants, animals, and the environmental conditions, such as the soil and water, are interdependent and interact to sustain their existence in the same environment, which is Awat- Awat Mangrove Forest (Lawas Limbang) Malaysia. This area can be supported as a potential edu-ecotourism research and development area for the mangrove region of Sarawak in Malaysia.

Length-Weight-Age Relationship of Schizothorax eurystomus Kessler, 1872 and Comparison to Other Snow Trout Species in Central Asia

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the length-weight relationship, condition factors, and age of Schizothorax eurystomus in the Shakhimardan River basin in Central Asia, along with a comparative perspective to other Schizothorax species in the region. The study found that S. eurystomus exhibits positive allometric growth, which is consistent with similar patterns observed in this species from the Syr Darya River basin. The two analyzed condition factors showed mean values within the normal range, indicating good feeding and environmental conditions. However, significant disparities between minimum and maximum values of these factors indicated varied growth conditions which may be influenced by anthropogenic factors. Age estimation using opercular bones showed variations in the total length among fish of the same age, and a clear age distribution pattern across different sites. Younger fish predominantly inhabited the shallower, warmer, and lower sections of the river, which is impacted by agricultural water diversion, while older specimens were found in areas with higher discharge and deeper pools. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the life history traits of S. eurystomus, underlining the need for sustainable fishery management and conservation strategies in the Shakhimardan River basin. The findings also emphasize the importance of considering habitat quality and anthropogenic pressures regarding understanding both fish population dynamics and growth patterns.

Sustainable Food Home Area (KRPL) Policy in Sumbergondo Village, Batu City : an Implementation Approach

Food security is an important issue to be studied concerning the welfare of a country. The government has tried to build and develop food security by utilizing land through the KRPL program. The Batu City Food Security Service launched the KRPL program to utilize yard land. Sumbergondo Village is the location for implementing KRPL because of the potential for land and nature. So, this study aims to determine the implementation of the KRPL policy in improving Food Security. The research was conducted in Sumbergondo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method using primary and secondary data sources. Observation, interviews, and documentation are used to carry out data collection techniques. This research shows that the implementation of the KRPL policy in Sumbergondo Village is going well, seen from the aspects of policy implementation, namely through an analysis of good and supportive environmental conditions and inter-organizational relationships that run according to existing structures. Organizational resources include human and financial resources that accept and run the program optimally. It is up to the characteristics and abilities of program implementing agents to improve the food security of the Sumbergondo Village community through the use of the KRPL program land.

초등 이하 및 중·고등 자녀가구의 주거이동 패턴과 이동 요인 비교 분석

Recently, as education investment increases along with interest in children's education due to the low birth rate, not only the commuting conditions of couples but also the educational environment of children are comprehensively considered when moving to housing. It is necessary to analyze where, how much, and why the household moves by dividing the households of children in Korea with high enthusiasm for education into elementary and middle and high schools. In particular, Korean households under elementary school and middle and high school children are interested in home ownership and residential environment when moving to housing, but the educational environment is also considered a factor that cannot be ignored. Many of the children's households, which also account for a significant portion of housing consumption, live in the metropolitan area with a good educational environment and travel conditions to work. This study is considered an opportunity to understand residential movement patterns and movement factors that reflect Korea's unique characteristics that place importance on the educational environment.

Analisis Kinerja Tenaga Kesehatan Di RSUD Kabupaten Banyuasin

The national health system is essentially an order that reflects the efforts of the Indonesian people to improve the ability of health degrees which emphasizes that the goal of national development is to improve the quality of human resources. HR performance is a term that comes from the word Job Performance or Actual Performance (job performance or actual achievement achieved by someone). The design in this research is a cross sectional study. With a population of health workers working in the Banyuasin District Hospital amounting to 170 people and a sample of 170 people using the Total Sampling Technique. Bivariate data analysis using Chi Square and Multivariate using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that most of the characteristics were young age (52.9%), female gender (69.4%), education < Non Sarjana (61.2%), not civil servants (84.7%), married (82.4 %), have worked for a long time (88.8%), good working environment conditions (50.6%), good job security (55.3%), good rewards (51.8%), good performance ( 50.6%). There was no relationship between respondent's age (p= 0.122), gender (p= 0.691), education (p= 0.506), employment status (p= 0.781), marital status (p= 0.350), length of work (p= 0.358) with the performance of health workers. There is a relationship between working environment conditions (p= 0.0001; OR=5,148), job security (p= 0.0001; OR=10,938), rewards (p= 0.0001; OR=9,300) and the performance of health workers. The most dominant variable is job security (p=0.0001;OR=6,240). Suggestions as a source of reading about improving performance in the Banyuasin District Hospital and other hospitals of the same type

ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION EFFECTS OF THE DEROGATION COVERING GAEC 7 AND 8 STANDARDS ON AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION, FOOD SECURITY, ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Currently, there have been numerous authorized derogations from environmental standards under CAP 2022 and 2023. These derogations are pushed hard by the agribusiness-lobby and criticised by many scientists. Despite of this, EU allows Member States to derogate from two Good Agricultural Environmental Conditions (GAECs) in the now freshly implemented CAP (2023-2027). These derogations concern GAEC 7 (crop rotations) and the first requirement of GAEC 8 (maintenance of non-productive areas). All those derogations from environmental obligations are supposedly implemented in order to ensure food security in the EU. Although the derogations on GAEC 7 & 8 might have a better impact in terms of food production, the added requirement will not change the deleterious impact of the measure on biodiversity and soil health.

Trends in Ambient Air Quality (NO2 and SO2) in Tenggarong City, Kutai Kartanegara District. East Kalimantan

This research aims to determine the concentration of ambient air quality NO2 and SO2, determine the trend in ambient air quality NO2 and SO2, and determine the Air Quality Value index for Tenggarong City, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan. The data collection method was using the 18-SPEKTRO-33/MU/SMM-AAS (Passive Sampler Spectrophotometry) method, then analyzed using environmental quality standards, government regulation number 22 of 2021. The research results show that the quality concentration of NO2 gas in Jam Bentong is between (5.23-19.85) µg/m3 and SO2 is between (3.75-38.55) µg/m3, in the Industrial Area NO2 is between (5.54-10.20) µg/m3 and SO2 is between (4.28 -10.41) µg/m3, while in residential locations NO2 is between (2.49-7.98) µg/m3 and SO2 is between (<2.57-10.60) µg/m3. The tendency for ambient air quality NO2 and SO2 at the Jam Bentong location to fluctuate is inconsistent, while the Industrial Location is almost the same as the Residential Location, namely with uniform quality, but all quality concentrations are still below environmental quality standards. The Environmental Quality Index value at the Jam Bentong location is 79,618, this value is included in good environmental conditions. Meanwhile, in industrial locations it is 90,043, this value is included in superior environmental conditions. Meanwhile, in residential locations, the Environmental Quality Index value is 93,429, this value also falls into superior environmental conditions.

Limno‐assessment of phytoplankton composition in relation to environmental conditions of lakes in Antalya River Basin

AbstractHuman‐induced factors and global climate change have threatened freshwater resources. Phytoplankton assessments have been used to predict impairment of lentic ecosystems. The aim of the study was to assess species‐stressor associations and the ecological status of eight lakes in the Antalya River basin using phytoplankton indices throughout wet and dry periods according to the Water Framework Directive. The analysis of similarities test revealed a significant difference in the composition of species between the wet (May) and dry (August and November) seasons (p < 0.05). The canonical correspondence analysis indicated that alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total phosphorus (TP), and arsenic (As) had significant effects on the distribution of phytoplankton among lakes. Lake Titreyen was associated with high EC and characterized by pollution‐tolerant species. Lake Eğri was under the pressure of TP and As, while Lake Kırkgöz was associated with relatively high alkalinity. The findings of the phyto‐assessment indicated that Lake Eğri is in good ecological condition, while Lake Duruca is in high ecological condition. Søndergaard metric based on the cyanobacteria biovolume values indicated that Lake Eğri had a moderate ecological status, whereas Lake Duruca had a good environmental condition. To evaluate the ecological status of lakes, the modified phytoplankton trophic index could be a suitable metric. Results of the present study underlined the responses of phytoplankton species in various lakes to environmental variables, which provide crucial ecological information about their ecology and help in the estimation of the ecological status of lakes.

From Building Information Model to Digital Twin: A Framework for Building Thermal Comfort Monitoring, Visualizing, and Assessment

The existing building stock is globally responsible for 17.5% of greenhouse gas emissions due to their operation to achieve occupant satisfaction, thus requiring a vast intervention. However, reducing building stock emissions and optimizing building energy performance cannot be considered independently by the users’ well-being. The thermal comfort conditions and their monitoring represent a central issue that could optimize building energy usage while achieving good indoor environmental conditions. This document describes the first findings of ongoing research focused on the development of a building monitoring system, based on the integration of Building Information Modeling tools and sensor technology through Dynamo Visual Programming. Starting from the development of an Asset Information Model, which represents the virtual replica of a building that currently hosts the administrative offices of the municipality of Cagliari, the first step presented in this contribution shows a thermal comfort monitoring system, scalable and modular, that allows effective gathering and elaboration of data about comfort levels in each of the building’s rooms. The system proves to be a helpful support for facility managers to control building thermal comfort conditions and HVAC systems to assure their best operative status or plan suitable interventions to achieve it.

Development of a methodological approach for determination of environmental risks of water bodies pollution across industrially developed territories (as exemplified by the rivers of City of Kharkiv)

The study’s relevance consists in the need to determine the prospects for achieving a good environmental condition of Ukrainian water bodies in accordance with the Water Framework Directive of the European Union on establishing the framework of the Community's activities in the field of water policies. The question on ability to achieve the set goals is related to assessment of the environmental risks of surface water pollution by chemical substances. The purpose of the research is to develop new approaches to identification of the risks of surface rivers' water pollution across industrially developed territories. The study was carried out using the data of hydrochemical observations of the Lopan and the Kharkiv rivers. The rivers are located inside City of Kharkiv and exposed to pollution both by industrial discharges and municipal wastes. The work is based on application of a probabilistic approach aimed at determining quantitative indicators of the environmental risks using statistical distribution of such indicators. The scientific novelty consists in offering a method to determine modified water pollution indices and pollution risk indicators specifically for biogenic substances and heavy metals. This allows evaluating the prospects of ensuring a good environmental condition despite surface water pollution from various sources. The research results in presenting a method of building a scale for qualitative and quantitative assessment of environmental risks and their consequences. It relies upon semantical match of the gradations of aquatic environment quality indicators and chemical contamination risk indicators. The study that covers the Kharkiv and the Lopan rivers showed a close relationship between environmental risk indicators and water pollution indices. The revealed dependencies made it possible to harmonize the semantic gradation of aquatic environment quality scales and risk scales. Practical application of the developed methodology implies only calculation of the modified index of pollution by heavy metals or biogenic substances based on the observation data and establishing a possible risk zone and a corresponding environmental situation according to the environmental risk scale. The proposed approaches are recommended for use when determining environmental pollution risks across industrially developed territories of different countries.

Are citizens willing to pay for the ecosystem services supported by Common Agricultural Policy? A non-market valuation by choice experiment

Public attention to the impact of human activities on the environment is growing over time across several sectors, particularly agri-food.In Europe, the agricultural sector's focus on sustainability has influenced EU policies for at least 40 years. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has for years been proposing tools, commitments, and incentives to mitigate the over-use of natural resources and to increase or maintain the flow of ecosystem services (ES) provide by agro-ecosystems.In the latest reform (23–27), the EU strengthens the commitments required of farmers for environmental issues. The role of farmers in natural capital management and ES provision seems to be recognized, EU subsidies for farmers seem to be more related to sustainability and well-being concerns of European citizen.However, it is necessary to understand whether society recognizes these benefits and legitimizes this transfer of public money for these purposes. This study aims to evaluate non-farmers citizen preference through a Choice Experiment for the potential higher flows of ES provided by three of the reformulated and new Good Agricultural Environmental Conditions – GAEC.The case study developed in Italy collected data from 185 citizens of the Po Valley, one of the most intensely cultivated areas in Europe. Analyses demonstrated how society recognizes the benefits provided by more sustainable agricultural systems, showing a preference for higher ES flows.The results show that there is a hypothetical value recognized by society for ES attributable to new GAECs that will be implemented by CAP farmers. In the case study, this value is higher than what farmers currently receive for general environmental purposes through direct payment for the management of arable land. Analysis it could justify that efforts required by the new CAP reform (23–27) to the farmers to achieve sustainable agricultural systems could be compensate and supported by positive citizens valuation.

Urban Green Spaces Distribution and Disparities in Congested Populated Areas: A Geographical Assessment from Pakistan

Urban green spaces are considered the most important element for keeping the balance between good environmental conditions, infrastructure development, and social sustainability in cities. Nevertheless, urban green spaces are declining in developing countries due to the fast diffusion of different human activities, raising the potential risk of social injustice and urban ecology meltdown. This study brings the example of Shahdara Town, a suburban area of Lahore, the second largest city and one of the most populated ones in Pakistan. In Shahdara Town, the scarcity of urban green spaces seems to achieve an unequal distribution of restorative places within crowded residential areas. By coupling the vegetation spectral index NDVI and Lahore institutional data to detect green spaces, this study maps the urban green area distribution and compares it with the population settlement pattern. An analysis was made to assess possible spatial relationships between green areas distribution, population density, and the social–economic profile of the residents. The distribution and accessibility of green spaces resulted insufficient for Shahdara Town’s population, highlighting local issues from a social perspective. The imbalanced provision of green spaces for densely populated areas is a big challenge for urban planners and policymakers because it jeopardizes the city life-quality and local ecological justice. Only the effort of conducting a good spatial assessment during urban planning processes can lead to a balanced and equal distribution of urban green spaces in developing cities, ensuring social and ecological justice for the population.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGANAN STUNTING DI DESA TAMANSARI KECAMATAN JATINEGARA KABUPATEN TEGAL

Handling stunting is part of the human resource development strategy to produce a superior generation. These efforts include specific nutrition interventions and sensitive nutrition, which in their implementation require support from all parties, including the village government. Handling stunting in this village is inseparable from how the policy is implemented. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of stunting management policies in Tamansari Village, Kecamatan Jatinegara, Kabupaten Tegal and determine the supporting and inhibiting factors.
 The results of the study shows that the stunting management policy in Tamansari Village is still in progress. This means that problems related to coordination, funding and participation from village government officials and other relevant stakeholders are still the main problems. The Desa Tamansari Government has only accommodated the policy for handling stunting toddler in the APBDes after the issuance of the Decree of the Tamansari Village Head Number 5 of 2022 concerning the Establishment of the Tamansari Village stunting acceleration team (TPPS). Specific nutrition interventions for health programs for the target group of pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, newborns, and infants under the age of two have basically been implemented for a long time through posyandu activities coordinated by village midwives, posyandu cadres, and family planning extension cadres. However, these activities are not in the context of handling stunting toddlers, but regular health service activities with the Health Office as the leading sector. In sensitive nutrition interventions, there is no intensive coordination between the village government and the social environment. Supporting factors for the handling of stunting in Tamansari Village include the support of the village government, the economic level of the target group not including poor families, so that the nutritional intake needs of children and mothers can actually be fulfilled independently and good social environmental conditions strengthen community participation in sensitive nutrition interventions and nutrition interventions. specifically in the management of stunting. The main inhibiting factor lies in the lack of communication and knowledge from the village government and residents regarding stunting and the impact of stunting, followed by inadequate budget support for handling stunting toddlers.

Soil-Water Effects of Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions Should Be Weighed in Conjunction with Carbon Farming

Soil-water practice is essential for farm sustainability, thereby establishing the reference level for agricultural policy of the European Union (EU). This paper focuses on the critical gap in the knowledge surrounding comparison of soil-water effects of Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC) and carbon farming. We aim to interrogate the tasks assigned to soil-water standards during the 2005–2020 timeframe and identify soil-water effects under selected soil-water GAEC topics. The farm-level and landscape-scale effects were weighed for each standard. The investigation included an extensive meta-review of documents that featured scientific work on sustainable practice. In each GAEC document, soil-water sustainability was weighed vis-a-vis carbon farming. Our main finding was that the identification of soil-water effects within GAEC was addressed both at farm-enterprise level (E) and landscape scale (L). This identification was very similar among the sampled Member States (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia). A small differentiation was detected in how exact the guidance under each standard was in each of these Member States, and hence how the prioritization was scored, ranging from 1, most influential, to 5, least influential. The scores that prevailed were 2.5–5 on the part of the scoring instrument. Carbon farming is a welcome addition to the corpus of good farming practice and is complementary to GAEC.