At present, in order to make the biological material in the treatment of ligament, tendon defect with good biocompatibility and cell affinity, to the surface modification of biomaterials, commonly known as surface modification. The surface modification methods contain fixed proteins, fixed peptide and radiation grafting and ion implantation. Research shows that, through surface modification of biomaterials, not only enhance the cell adhesion, but also promoted cell proliferation. The surface modification of biomaterials is a complicated system engineering, need to take into consideration the needs in materials science and biological science, and optimize. Ideal surface modification should take into account the surface topology, specific recognition, hydrophilic hydrophobic balance, protein adsorption, all aspects of functional new tissues can be obtained. This provides a good prospect of application for the repair of exercise ligament injury.