Cooperative Goals Research Articles

A Fuzzy PROMETHEE Method for Evaluating Strategies towards a Cross-Country Renewable Energy Cooperation: The Cases of Egypt and Morocco

Recognising the urgency of addressing climate change and the imperative to mitigate its effects, the European Union (EU) has embarked on a transformative journey to reshape its energy landscape, with a pronounced emphasis on harnessing renewable energy sources (RESs) and augmenting their contribution to electricity generation. To propel Europe towards sustainable development through its energy transition, EU member states are encouraged to foster collaborative efforts on a European scale, inviting neighbouring countries to participate in joint ventures aimed at leveraging RESs for electricity generation. Consequently, it becomes imperative to evaluate the potential depth of cooperation among these nations, assessing how such partnerships can align with Europe’s overarching objectives while fostering mutually beneficial conditions. This paper seeks to undertake a thorough analysis and evaluation of the potential impacts of such cooperation, both in advancing RES objectives and in promoting broader cooperation goals concerning the countries involved. The appropriate methodological framework has been developed, utilising and implementing the fuzzy PROMETHEE multicriteria decision analysis method, to address the problem’s multidimensional character, intending to implement an appropriate action plan and promote production from RESs. The methodology has been applied to assess alternative strategies in two case study countries, Morocco and Egypt, while important outcomes have emerged towards the successful implementation of cooperation mechanisms promoting RES.

The Protection of Labor Rights of Chinese Multinational Corporations under the Belt and Road Initiative

With the deepening of the "Belt and Road" Initiative, the number of Chinese overseas workers is increasing, and the protection of labor rights and interests is becoming more and more prominent. This article analyzes the problems in the protection of labor rights and interests of Chinese multinational corporations and their causes, and finds that these problems are mainly concentrated in the aspects of identity legitimacy, law application, discrimination in employment access and neglect of the right to human dignity. The incompleteness of the host country's legal and social security system, the inadequacy of diplomatic and consular protection in the home country, the lack of social responsibility of transnational corporations, and the weak awareness of workers' rights are all important reasons for the violation of workers' rights and interests. In order to solve these problems, the paper proposes optimization paths at the national level, the level of transnational companies and the level of workers themselves, including building regional agreements, strengthening legal aid, implementing legal training and raising awareness of self-protection. Through multi-faceted efforts, we can better protect the legitimate rights and interests of overseas workers of Chinese multinational companies, promote the smooth implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, and achieve the goal of win-win cooperation.

Rekrutmen dan Penilaian Kinerja SDM di Koperasi ISM Karya Sinar Bahari, Desa Tanggul Jaya, Kelurahan Banten, Kecamatan Kasemen, Kota Serang, Provinsi Banten

This service is entitled Recruitment and HR performance assessment at the ISM Karya Sinar Bahari Cooperative, Tangul Jaya Village, Banten Subdistrict, Kasemen District, Serang City, Banten Province. This service was carried out on Saturday, August 3 2024, which was attended by 22 students and 1 supervisor at Pamulang University. This Community Service aims to analyze the recruitment process and performance assessment of human resources (HR) at the ISM Karya Sinar Bahari Cooperative, Tanggul Jaya Village, Banten Village, Kasemen District, Serang City, Banten Province. The ISM Karya Sinar Bahari Cooperative is an economic institution that plays an important role in improving the welfare of its members and the surrounding community. However, the main challenge faced is how to recruit quality human resources and carry out performance assessments effectively to ensure the achievement of cooperative goals. This Community Service uses survey methods and direct material delivery as well as simulations and discussions regarding management, financial management and product marketing via WhatsApp Business. This Community Service activity succeeded in providing understanding to ISM Karya Sinar Bahari Cooperative Members regarding Recruitment and performance assessment, Financial Management and Product marketing via business WhatsApp social media. In this way, it is hoped that this cooperative can improve the quality of its human resources and, in turn, strengthen its competitiveness and contribution to the welfare of its members and society.

Understanding the trustworthiness management in the social Internet of Things: A survey

The next generation of the Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates the integration of the notion of social networking into smart objects, i.e., things, to establish a social network of interconnected objects. This integration has led to the evolution of a promising and emerging paradigm of the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), wherein smart objects act as social objects and intelligently impersonate social behaviour similar to humans. These social objects are capable of establishing social relationships with the other objects in a network and can utilize these relationships for service discovery. Trust plays an indispensable role in establishing and maintaining such social relationships to achieve the common goal of trustworthy collaboration and cooperation among the objects and guarantee systems’ credibility and reliability. In SIoT, an untrustworthy object can disrupt the basic functionality of a service by delivering malicious messages and adversely affecting the quality and reliability of the service. In this survey, we present a holistic review of trustworthiness management in SIoT. The essence of trust in various disciplines and the trust in SIoT have been discussed, followed by a detailed study on trust management components in SIoT. Furthermore, we analyse and compare the trust management schemes by primarily categorizing them into four groups in terms of their strengths, limitations, trust management components (employed in each of the referred trust management schemes), and the performance of these schemes vis-à-vis a number of trust evaluation dimensions. Finally, we discuss the future research directions of the emerging paradigm of SIoT, in particular, in the context of trustworthiness management in SIoT.

Enhancing Multi-Agent Cooperation Through Action-Probability-Based Communication

Although communication plays a pivotal role in achieving coordinated activities in multi-agent systems, conventional approaches often involve complicated high-dimensional messages generated by deep networks. These messages are typically indecipherable to humans, are relatively costly to transmit, and require intricate encoding and decoding networks. This can pose a design limitation for the agents such as autonomous (mobile) robots. This lack of interpretability can lead to systemic issues with security and reliability. In this study, inspired by common human communication about likely actions in collaborative endeavors, we propose a novel approach in which each agent’s action probabilities are transmitted to other agents as messages, drawing inspiration from the common human practice of sharing likely actions in collaborative endeavors. Our proposed framework is referred to as communication based on action probabilities (CAP), and focuses on generating straightforward, low-dimensional, interpretable messages to support multiple agents in coordinating their activities to achieve specified cooperative goals. CAP streamlines our comprehension of the agents’ learned coordinated and cooperative behaviors and eliminates the need to use additional network models to generate messages. CAP’s network architecture is simpler than that of state-of-the-art methods, and our experimental results show that it nonetheless performed comparably, converged faster, and exhibited a lower volume of communication with better interpretability.

Russian humanitarian policy: problems and solutions

The article examines some problems of Russia’s humanitarian policy and humanitarian cooperation. According to the author, domestic humanitarianism does not go beyond the boundaries established by the Helsinki Final Act. The formulation of tasks and directions of domestic humanitarian policy contained in strategic planning documents is reduced only to a description of the methods and conditions of communication, leaving the specifics of humanitarian activities and humanitarian instruments outside the scope of strategic planning documents, thereby complicating its institutionalization. The author believes that the goal of humanitarian cooperation may be the formation of a global structure of support for domestic foreign policy initiatives, representing a dense network of interactions that provides ripple effects, expanding Russia’s influence and forming new dependencies. But achieving such a goal is impossible without putting forward a clear alternative to the modern world order, which will reflect not only the interests of Russia, but also of countries that disagree with the Western-centric world order.

Международное таможенное сотрудничество России и стран Африки

The article is devoted to the development of international customs cooperation between Russia and African countries. The article defines the prerequisites for the development of international customs cooperation between Russia and Africa, substantiates the theoretical and practical significance of international cooperation between the two sides. The article reveals the peculiarities of trade and economic relations with African countries and emphasizes the relationship with international customs cooperation. The article pays special attention to the issues of cooperation within the framework of the World Customs Organization, where the positions of the parties are most stable in modern conditions. The author defines promising forms of customs cooperation in the article, dividing them into two groups: tactical and strategic directions. As the main goal of customs cooperation, it is proposed to create a Eurasian-African Economic Partnership and interface the projects of the EAEU and the African Union.

Сhallenges of Сooperation between Russian and African Small and Medium Enterprises in the Field of Innovation

In recent years, international cooperation in the development and implementation of innovations has been progressing rapidly. As a result, more and more innovative products and technologies are appearing on the market. An analysis of the criteria for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Russia and African countries has revealed their heterogeneity and sometimes inconsistency, which requires the harmonization of these criteria at the level of national governments and international organizations. The study provides a number of practical recommendations for small and medium-sized enterprises engaged in external economic activities related to the development and implementation of innovations, as well as for Russian development institutions, venture funds and other organizations. The main problems and opportunities that Russian and African SMEs may face are identified in the paper, and the key areas of their potential cooperation are suggested. The main strategic goal of cooperation between Russian and African SMEs in the field of innovation is defined as the transition from “catching-up”, imitating kind of technical progress to “overtaking” innovative development.

Enhancing Cooperation inHEI Mergers

Higher education institutes (HEIs) have sought efficiency through mergers and consolidations. These bigger units have been studied regarding organizational culture, performance and efficiency but rarely from an individual perspective. In this study, we focus on a micro-level examination of how the people of the merging organizations make sense of the new organization’s strategy and the cooperation required to implement it. The collaboration of recently consolidated HEI is studied by interviewing 18 employees with different positions. We applied systematic methodology for conducting qualitative analysis research. The findings indicate that clearly expressed strategy and purposeful goal-setting combined with a certain level of flexibility help employees implement strategy and cooperate with their new colleagues. However, the goal of cooperation must be genuine, which requires resources, clear roles and honest praise after success. The study contributes to HEI merger literature by highlighting the means and roles of individuals in coping with the uncertainty caused by the merger of two previously independent organizations.

Mathematical Modelling of Inventory Costs in Supply Chains with Horizontal Cooperation

Efficiency in the supply chain has become very important for companies in the era of increasingly fierce business competition. This has encouraged some companies to start implementing the concept of collaboration between companies or commonly called horizontal cooperation. Horizontal cooperation is important because companies need to work together to manage complex supply chains. To manage production in a collaborative supply chain requires designing a cost-effective model. The design of this model is expected to optimise inventory costs to achieve common goals in horizontal cooperation. This model is a form of linear programme consisting of objective function and constraint function. The objective function is to minimise the inventory cost in a four-tier supply chain with horizontal cooperation on post-production final storage at the production level only. The model was tested with 3 suppliers, 3 materials, 3 factories, 4 products, 3 distributors, and 3 consumers. The model with horizontal cooperation resulted in a total inventory cost of 1,349,830. This amount is 8% lower than the total inventory cost without horizontal cooperation. Thus, horizontal cooperation in the supply chain drastically reduces inventory costs throughout the supply chain.

“Thriving at work” or not? Research on the effects of performance pressure based on achievement motivation theory and two-factor theory

PurposeBased on achievement motivation theory and two-factor theory, this research aimed to synergize cooperative goal interdependence (refer to possessing incentive factors) and illegitimate tasks (refer to the absence of security factors) and build a triple interaction model in the process of performance pressure affecting employees’ thriving at work.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected 291 valid data through a two-point time-lagged method to test the direct effect of performance pressure on employees’ thriving at work and its moderating mechanism.FindingsPerformance pressure has a significant positive effect on employees’ thriving at work. Cooperative goal interdependence imposes an enhanced moderating effect between performance pressure and employees’ thriving at work. Illegitimate task imposes an interfering moderating effect between performance pressure and employees’ thriving at work and further interferes the enhanced moderating effect of cooperative goal interdependence.Practical implicationsUnder the premise of advocating for employees to internalize performance pressure originating from the organizational performance management system into their own achievement motivation, leaders should establish incentive systems and security systems for employees to realize self-achievement through the process of goal management and task management.Originality/valueThis research confirmed the joint determination of incentive effect and insecurity effect on employees’ achievement motivation by cooperative goal interdependence and illegitimate task and revealed the boundary conditions of employees’ choice of thriving at work.

How to promote ambidextrous innovation through integration with supply chain partners? The role of external knowledge acquisition and cooperative goal interdependence

ABSTRACT In today’s fiercely competitive environment, integration with supply chain partners and the acquisition of external knowledge have become increasingly important strategies for mitigating the resource tension between exploration and exploitation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between supply chain external (suppliers and customers) integration and ambidextrous innovation, with a focus on the mediating effect of external knowledge acquisition and the moderating effect of cooperative goal interdependence based on Chinese firm-level data. The empirical results of this study reveal several important findings. First, supplier integration and customer integration have positive effects on ambidextrous innovation. Second, supplier integration and customer integration are more beneficial for ambidextrous innovation in firms holding higher cooperative goal interdependence with both suppliers and customers than in firms holding lower cooperative goal interdependence with both suppliers and customers. Finally, external knowledge acquisition partially mediates the effects of supplier integration and customer integration on ambidextrous innovation. These findings provide top managers with important insights into the role of supply chain external integration in the promotion of ambidextrous innovation. This research also contributes to the literature on ambidexterity theory and enriches the knowledge management literature within the supply chain management framework.

On the Construction of the SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind - From the Perspective of International Law

The 21st century is the century of organization. Against this background, General Secretary Xi’s proposition of “building a SCO community with a shared future” has pointed out the direction for the SCO’s development in the context of a century of change. The proposition of “SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind” was put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping from the perspective of building a community with a shared future for mankind and in order to promote the construction of the “Belt and Road”. However, against the backdrop of profound change unseen in a century, international rule of law has been put on the governance agenda and has become a recognized necessary form of international governance. Therefore, the proposition of building a “SCO community with a shared future” needs to be examined from the perspective of international rule of law. First, in terms of causes, the rise of the argumentative international law paradigm has provided an opportunity to inject oriental wisdom into international rule of law, and the demand for international rule of law in the construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative has also put forward practical demands for the construction of the SCO community of shared future. Secondly, in terms of content, the SCO’s insufficient rule-oriented approach, imperfect legal system, and uneven rule of law among its member states are all specific contents that need to be improved in building a SCO community with a shared future. Finally, in terms of goals, building a SCO community with a shared future should achieve the multi-dimensional goals of common prosperity, universal security, openness and win-win cooperation, equality and inclusiveness, and consultation and construction in the dimension of international law, and inject oriental wisdom into the beneficial development of the current international legal system.

On the Construction of the SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind - From the Perspective of International Law

The 21st century is the century of organization. Against this background, General Secretary Xi’s proposition of “building a SCO community with a shared future” has pointed out the direction for the SCO’s development in the context of a century of change. The proposition of “SCO Community with a Shared Future for Mankind” was put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping from the perspective of building a community with a shared future for mankind and in order to promote the construction of the “Belt and Road”. However, against the backdrop of profound change unseen in a century, international rule of law has been put on the governance agenda and has become a recognized necessary form of international governance. Therefore, the proposition of building a “SCO community with a shared future” needs to be examined from the perspective of international rule of law. First, in terms of causes, the rise of the argumentative international law paradigm has provided an opportunity to inject oriental wisdom into international rule of law, and the demand for international rule of law in the construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative has also put forward practical demands for the construction of the SCO community of shared future. Secondly, in terms of content, the SCO’s insufficient rule-oriented approach, imperfect legal system, and uneven rule of law among its member states are all specific contents that need to be improved in building a SCO community with a shared future. Finally, in terms of goals, building a SCO community with a shared future should achieve the multi-dimensional goals of common prosperity, universal security, openness and win-win cooperation, equality and inclusiveness, and consultation and construction in the dimension of international law, and inject oriental wisdom into the beneficial development of the current international legal system.

Legal regulation of the international transport sphere in the conditions of European integration

The article conducts a scientific and practical study of the organizational and legal issues of the integration of the transport system of Ukraine into both European and world transport systems with the aim of forming and further developing a single trans-European transport network.
 The international documents of the European Union and the national legislation of Ukraine in the international transport sphere were analyzed in order to identify problematic issues, search for effective organizational and legal mechanisms for their solution and priority forms of cooperation in this sphere.
 It was revealed that the main concepts, ways to achieve the goal and even specific actions regarding the creation of a modern transport network are outlined in the strategy of the European Commission "Transport - 2050: road map for the formation of the Single European transport space - on the way to a competitive and resource-efficient transport system” - " White book - 2011”.
 One of the main goals of cooperation in accordance with the Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand, was specified, and its content was formed.
 It was emphasized that the situation with European integration in the international transport sphere remains difficult and this is a negative phenomenon and a joint responsibility of the Government and the Parliament regarding the obligations of Ukraine's implementation of mandatory and directly related regulations and directives of the European Union.
 The necessary steps for the implementation of the organizational and legal mechanism of European integration processes regarding the liberalization of international transportation and the development of the international transport sphere with the European Union and its member states are proposed, which can be the conclusion of bilateral agreements between Ukraine and the European Union on the simplification of the permit system between Ukraine and the member states of the European Union. of the Union for transit transportation by transport, making appropriate changes to already existing bilateral agreements regarding the conditions of transit transportation of goods between Ukraine and the member states of the European Union, in general, resolving issues regarding the obligations of implementing the Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union , the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand, in the field of infrastructure, acceleration of the stages of reform in Ukraine within the framework of the implementation of the Association Agreement, in particular, the approval by the parliament of European integration bills in the field of transport infrastructure.

Research on Labor-Creation Integrated Teaching Models in the Context of Diverse School-Enterprise Collaboration

Diverse school-enterprise collaboration is a significant trend in current higher education, providing robust support for enhancing the quality of talent cultivation and driving industrial innovation. However, challenges persist in the integration of labor and innovation, including insufficient labor-innovation fusion, inadequate depth in collaborative teaching, and a lack of clearly defined cooperative goals. This paper, through a comprehensive study of the characteristics of diverse school-enterprise collaboration, proposes a series of research directions and practical strategies to deepen the labor-creation integrated teaching model under the backdrop of industry-education integration.

Closed-loop optimal control based on two-phase pseudospectral convex optimization method for swarm system

The swarm system offers superior flexibility and versatility compared to individual agents. However, to enable the swarm to execute the mission efficiently and cooperatively, it's essential to design an efficient control strategy considering key factors such as computational complexity, speed, and accuracy. This paper summarizes several prominent problems faced by generic swarms, and proposed a two-phase pseudospectral convex optimal closed-loop control method. Firstly, the discrete modalities of cooperative goal, dynamics model, collision avoidance constraint, and control capability constraint are established using the Radau pseudospectral method. Then, these models and constraints are convexified, constructing a pseudospectral convex programming problem model, which can be applied to various types of swarms. To enhance the robustness and computation speed of the control, a two-phase receding horizon method is introduced. In the way, the optimization outcome of the first phase is executed in the subsequent control step, while the simplified second phase will be discarded. The control interval and the initial state of the swarm are continuously updated within the receding horizon until the desired state is reached. Finally, through comprehensive simulation analysis and comparison, the proposed method demonstrates distinct advantages of collision avoidance, optimality, robustness, and high computational efficiency.

Asynchrony and promotive interaction in online cooperative learning

The positive effects of cooperative learning are well-documented in face-to-face environments, but its efficacy in asynchronous online environments remains unclear. Recent experimental research suggests that in comparing face-to-face and synchronous versions of cooperative learning, motivation, achievement, and cooperative perceptions, all decrease under asynchronous online conditions, which raises questions about how and why this occurs. The purpose of this study was to clarify this issue by testing whether asynchrony promotive interaction and moderates the association between cooperative goals and cooperative outcomes, using a repeated-measures experimental–control design. Results indicate that asynchrony affects promotive interaction in a way that disrupts the processes that occur in cooperative learning. Notably, the academic support component of promotive interaction was more susceptible to the effects of asynchrony, as it decreased among asynchronous students over time, particularly among those reporting above-average levels of cooperation, belonging, and positive emotion.

Analysis of the Relations Between China's Ruling Parties and Russia in the Context of Diplomacy of Heads of State

Cooperation between parties is an important part of the party’s work in the field of international relations. As Chinese-Russian relations deepen, the CCP actively promotes inter-party exchanges with Russia and promotes comprehensive, wide-ranging and multi-level cooperation between Chinese and Russian political parties. Interaction of political parties of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China plays an important role in relations between the two countries and within cooperation «One belt – one union» (“一带一盟”). Since the XVIII Congress of the Communist Party of China, its Central Committee, led by Xi Jinping, has comprehensively promoted great-power diplomacy with Chinese specificity in a new era based on an accurate understanding of changes in the world structure and China’s overall development trends. Xi Jinping's diplomatic thinking has become a guide to action for Chinese-specific diplomatic work. In practice of cooperation between the political parties of China and Russia, Xi Jinping used the diplomacy of the heads of state to ensure clear leadership of cooperation between the political parties of China and Russia, led the direction of cooperation between the political parties of the two countries, planned the goals of cooperation between their political parties and determined the future of bilateral strategic partnership. Diplomacy towards the head of the Russian state is a concrete example of Xi Jinping's diplomatic thinking and an important innovation in the diplomacy of a great power with Chinese specifics.

Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Koperasi untuk Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa di Cibinong Bogor

This research was conducted to obtain information related to the ability of cooperative management to be able to optimize the scale of cooperative business, through efficient, productive and rational capital allocation; utilization of business capacity and cooperative capital; cooperation with various parties, both in the form of business, capital and cooperative management in general; and fertilization of own capital, through member savings and the formation of reserve funds. To achieve the above optimization, the stigma of "Cooperative as an association of people not an association of capital" should be removed, which is often considered as one of the factors causing the failure of cooperative financial management. Of course, this is a tough task for cooperative managers in carrying out their cooperative business activities, but with the capacity of the management that continues to be fostered and upgraded in knowledge and abilities, to achieve maximum cooperative goals.