Glyphosate Research Articles

Rugged LC-MS/MS method for the large-scale monitoring of glyphosate and other highly polar pesticides in soils across European Union olive orchards.

Rapid and simple method for glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid, and sarcosine pre-concentration and determination in environmental samples after molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction.

Boric acid protects against glyphosate-induced neurotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy pathways in the rat brain.

Stingless bee cerumen is a mixture of wax and plant resins. Foragers of stingless bees are exposed to various chemical contaminants during their plant visits and collection activities. These contaminants have the potential to be transferred into the nest. This study aimed to elucidate the existence of chemical contaminants in Ecuadorian cerumen. To this end, the following aims were established: (i) to determine and quantify glyphosate (GLY), aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), some other pesticides, metals and metalloids in cerumen and (ii) to establish possible risks associated with the presence of these chemical contaminants to the health of stingless bees and humans. The quantification of chemical contaminants was conducted using gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and ion chromatography (IC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Glyphosate (0.02–0.2 mg/kg) and AMPA (0.028 mg/kg) were detected in four of the pooled samples (n = 14) from the northern and southern highland regions. Other pesticide traces were not detected in any cerumen samples. Metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Sn) and metalloids (As, Sb, Se) were found in all samples, including highlands and the lower Amazon. The potential risks of exposure to glyphosate and AMPA for stingless bees and humans appear to be minimal (except for the specific conditions given for Tetragonisca angustula) and safe, respectively. It seems that cerumen may serve as an effective biomonitoring matrix for assessing the environmental health of stingless bee nests. Establishing guidelines and regulations for the safe use and handling of products derived from the stingless bee consumption is therefore imperative.

Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used pesticide in the world. Agricultural workers are exposed to GLY via ingestion and skin contact. GLY may generate epigenetic changes that might be carcinogenic. However, whether GLY is carcinogenic remains controversial. We investigated whether GLY was co-carcinogenic with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) by monitoring skin tumor development in hairless mice. Four groups of immunocompetent mice (total, N = 96) were used in the study. Two groups received GLY in drinking water (5 µg/mL or 50 µg/mL), one group received 50 µL topical GLY (6.59% w/w) three times per week, and a UVR control group received only tap water. All groups were given UVR until they developed three 4-mm tumors or one 12-mm tumor. Times to development of first, second, and third skin tumors were recorded. In both groups given GLY orally (medians, 163 days) and the group given GLY topically (median, 170 days), the times to skin tumor development were not significantly different from the control group (median, 163 days; p ≥ 0.535). Mass spectrometry imaging showed that topically applied GLY was present on the surface of the skin but not detectable within the skin. There were no differences in weight, erythema, or pigmentation. When combined with UVR, GLY in drinking water or directly applied to skin was not associated with increased skin tumor development.

Polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) and glyphosate (GLY) are widespread aquatic contaminants, but their combined effects on microalgae remain poorly understood. This study assessed the individual and joint toxicity of GLY and PE-MPs to the model microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Acute (3-day) and chronic (7-day) exposures were performed using GLY at 1–40 mg/L, alone or combined with PE-MPs (10 mg/L). A four-parameter log-logistic (4PL) model was applied to estimate median effect concentrations (EC50). After 72 h, the EC50 values were 9.77 mg/L for the GLY single system and 2.31 mg/L for the GLY-PE combined system, confirming enhanced toxicity in combined exposures. Co-exposure reduced pigment levels (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids) by up to 65% and significantly increased oxidative stress markers, including reactive oxygen species production and malondialdehyde accumulation, compared with single treatments. Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) showed concentration- and time-dependent responses, indicating activation of cellular defense mechanisms. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed PE-induced aggregation and structural damage to algal cells, particularly at higher GLY concentrations. These findings demonstrate that PE-MPs can amplify the toxic effects of GLY on microalgae and highlight the need for further studies at environmentally relevant concentrations and with different polymer types.

Phenylacetylene copper/1T phase molybdenum disulfide heterojunction achieving efficient glyphosate-to-phosphate transformation via enhanced charge transfer and leveraging glyphosate-derived methanol analogs.

Impact of chronic exposure to field-level glyphosate on the gut microbiota of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera.

Herbicide exposure impairs the morphofunctional parameters of bovine sperm.

Eugenol mitigates glyphosate-induced testicular toxicity via modulation of oxidative stress, ER stress, RAGE/NLRP3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in rats.

Garnering sensitivity: A horseradish peroxidase and MoS2@black phosphorene based electrochemical biosensor for glyphosate detection.

Glyphosate exposure impairs visual function in zebrafish larvae through retinoic acid-dependent regulation of six3b expression.

Fluorescent NH2-MIL-88(Fe)-stabilized PtNPs Nanozyme for Dual-Channel "OFF-ON" simultaneous and visual detection of glyphosate and Pb2+ in Agri-environments and foodstuffs.

Detection of ninhydrin-glyphosate in groundwater via the colour chart-assisted digital camera method.

Glyphosate, a commonly utilized herbicide in agriculture, poses significant threats to microbial diversity, soil fertility, human health, and agricultural productivity due to its frequent and intensive application. To mitigate these challenges, we investigated the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains tolerant to glyphosate (GLY) to alleviate its toxicity and enhance maize growth. Eleven pre-isolated bacterial strains were assessed for their ability to promote maize growth and reduce phytotoxicity at 100 and 200mg kg- 1 GLY in soil. Among them, five GLY-tolerant bacterial strains (E. cloacae, E. ludwigii, K. variicola, P. aeruginosa and S. liquefaciens) exhibited notable resistance. These strains exhibited positive qualitative characteristics, including 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, oxidase and catalase production, indole-3-acetic acid synthesis, and siderophore production. Moreover, these five GLY-tolerant strains reduced the toxicity and improved the biological traits of the maize plants. Inoculated plants average improved chlorophyll SPAD value by 43%, shoot and root dry biomass by 59 and 1.02-fold, respectively, and 100-grains weight by 23% compared to control at 100mg kg- 1 of GLY. Also, there was an average reduction of catalase by 32% and electrolyte leakage by 68% in inoculated treatments compared to uninoculated control at 100mg kg- 1 of GLY. Additionally, average improvement in peroxidase by 1.09-fold, polyphenol oxidase by 1.6-fold, and superoxide dismutase by 1.2-fold was recorded in inoculated plants than control at 100mg kg- 1 concentration of GLY. Current findings highlight the remarkable ability of the isolated strains to withstand high GLY concentrations, produce plant growth-promoting compounds, and enhance maize growth through GLY detoxification. These findings offer promising strategies for improving maize productivity in GLY-contaminated soils, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture and environmental health.

Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) has emerged as a promising probiotic in aquafeeds for enhancing fish growth, health and resilience to environmental stressors. This study investigated the physiological, biochemical, histological and molecular effects of dietary SC supplementation in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), under normal conditions and following glyphosate (GLY) challenge. Ninety fish (7.93 ± 0.026 g) were randomly allocated into two dietary groups (basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 4 g/kg SC) in triplicate for eight weeks. Following the feeding trial, each group was subdivided into unchallenged and GLY-challenged subgroups (0.6 mg/L; 3.55 μM). SC supplementation significantly improved final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio, accompanied by upregulation of hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 ( igf1 ) and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1a ( igfbp1a ) and myostatin ( mstn ). GLY exposure induced hepatic and renal dysfunction, reflected by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea and creatinine, disrupted Lipid and protein profiles, and provoked oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, evident by suppressed nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 ( nrf2 ), superoxide dismutase ( sod ), lysozyme ( lyz ), and complement 3 ( c3 ), alongside upregulation of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 ( keap1 ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha ( tnfα ), cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 ( cas3 ) and cysteine-aspartic acid protease 9 ( cas9 ). Histopathological examination confirmed GLY-induced damage in gills, liver and intestinal tissues. Notably, SC supplementation ameliorated these detrimental effects, preserving tissue integrity and restoring molecular and biochemical parameters. These findings highlight the potential of SC as a functional feed additive to enhance performance and mitigate glyphosate-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia, supporting sustainable and resilient aquaculture practices.

Glyphosate (GLY), as a pesticide, is extensively utilized in farming, and excessive glyphosate residues in food pose serious toxicity to humans. Monitoring of GLY is essential for upholding food safety, public health, and ecosystem well-being. Herein, copper-based covalent organic frameworks (Cu@COFs) as nanozymes were designed to develop a colorimetric strategy for GLY monitoring. Cu@COFs were fabricated using a straightforward one-pot approach to serve as oxidase mimics for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. In the detection system, upon the introduction of GLY, the Cu@COF-based platform presented a low-intensity color response due to the coordination between GLY and the Cu ions of Cu@COFs. The colorimetric platform demonstrated a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.5 mg L-1 (3 S/N), with dual linear ranges of 0.5-7 mg L-1 and 10-100 mg L-1, along with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The proposed sensing platform was utilized to monitor foods containing GLY, including soybean, corn, and sunflower seeds. Meanwhile, a smartphone-compatible handheld device was fabricated for portable, real-time, and user-friendly GLY detection in field settings. Our detection platform provides a promising prospect for application.

Glufosinate, glyphosate and phosphate. Understanding their adsorption trends on a mineral surface.

Non-target metabolomic approach of the toxic effects of glyphosate in zebrafish (D. rerio).

Glyphosate behavior in rice paddy fields across different rotation systems.