The mechanism of electroacupuncture treatment for post-stroke spasticity: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Succinic acid improves boar semen quality by reducing ROS stress during liquid preservation.

Effects of dietary selenium nanoparticles and pennyroyal essential oil on growth performance, immune-biochemical and antioxidant parameters and disease resistance in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.

Cellular responses of Aspergillus sydowii to growth at extreme chaotropic concentrations of MgCl2.

T-2 mycotoxin is a highly toxic type A trichothecene mycotoxin that widely contaminates livestock feed, posing a serious threat to animal and human health. Long-term exposure can lead to immunosuppression, growth retardation, and liver damage, causing significant economic losses to the livestock industry. Offspring are particularly susceptible to maternal dietary influences during pregnancy and lactation. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of T-2 mycotoxin exposure on both dams and their pups. Thirty pregnant mice were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 10). From gestational day 14 to lactational day 21, the dams received gavage doses of T-2 mycotoxin at concentrations of 0, 0.005, and 0.05 mg/kg/day. Randomly selected one male pup and one female pup from each dam were sacrificed on LD 1, 7, and 21; dams were dosed until the day they were sacrificed. T-2 mycotoxin decreased the relative body/organ weights of the dams and offspring (p < 0.05). Moreover, T-2 mycotoxin-induced oxidative stress in dams and offspring increased the malondialdehyde content, which led to reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity in the serum and liver (p < 0.05). T-2 mycotoxin induced histomorphological changes in the liver and early involution of the mammary gland acini in dams. The concentrations of liver-metabolizing enzymes such as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase increased in offspring (p < 0.05). The serum insulin-like growth factor-1 level in offspring was decreased, which may impair the development of vital organs such as the liver, kidneys, and spleen in offspring. Consequently, the body weight and length of the offspring of exposed dams decreased. This study revealed that T-2 mycotoxin exposure during late gestation and entire lactation harms dams, damages mammary gland acini, alters liver biochemistry, induces oxidative stress, and delays offspring growth while also impairing maternal weight gain during lactation.

Submicron biochar induces developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Excessive stress leads to injury and dysfunction, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. As a human longevity gene, forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) is a transcription factor that regulates various cellular processes, including the response to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. This study aims to explore whether FoxO3a in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus is involved in the formation of anxiety- and depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment in stressed rats and to investigate the detailed mechanism. This study was conducted using the 6-week chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model. Before the stress treatment, we injected an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to overexpress FoxO3a specifically in the DG. Following the 6-week CUS treatment, a series of behavioral tests was conducted. Depression-like behavior was assessed using the sucrose preference test (SPT) and the open field test (OFT). The state of desperation was assessed with the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Anxiety-like behavior was measured in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and OFT. Cognitive function was examined using the Y-maze test (Y-maze), novel object recognition test (NORT), and Morris water maze test (MWM). The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured. The levels of inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. Pathological injury in DG was observed using thionine staining. The expression levels of FoxO3a, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), synaptophysin (SYN), and proliferation marker Ki67 (Ki67) were determined using western blot. CUS leads to various abnormal changes, including anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuropathological alterations in the DG, and decreased expression of FoxO3a, BDNF, PSD95, SYN, and Ki67. All these abnormal changes were significantly alleviated by targeted AAV-FoxO3a injection in the DG. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the downregulation of FoxO3a induced by CUS in the DG triggers oxidative stress and inflammatory response, inhibits cell proliferation, and induces abnormal synaptic plasticity, ultimately leading to anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment.

Combined exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and bisphenol A results in mitochondrial damage and ferroptosis via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in mice kidneys.

Effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins on feeding, oxidative status, and multigenerational parameters in the water flea Moina macrocopa.

Protective effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles against experimental varicocele-induced testicular damage in rats.

Trienzyme-like activities nanoreactor boosts tumor ferroptosis and mild photothermal therapy via gas/starvation synergy.

Cirsiliol confers cardio-protection against sunitinib induced cardiotoxicity via synergistic modulation of SIRT1/FOXO3a and endothelin axis: A biochemical, histopathological, and computational experimentation.

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a major cause of drug-related acute liver failure around the world. The limited treatment options beyond N-acetylcysteine (NAC) show a clear need for new liver-protective agents. Feselol, a natural compound known for its strong antioxidant effects, has become a potential candidate. This research aimed to evaluate feselol's anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and protective qualities against APAP-induced acute liver damage in a mouse model. The experiment included 42 mice divided into 7 groups, with some being administered a toxic dose of APAP only and others being given APAP in combination with 25 or 50 mg/kg of feselol. Serum levels of AST (serum aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase) were examined. SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase) activities and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels were measured by colorimetric method. The liver tissue was analyzed through H&E staining. The expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, Bax, Caspase 3, and Bcl-2 genes was also examined by Real-time PCR. The results showed that treatment of feselol at different doses with APAP led to a decrease in MDA levels to 23.25 nmol/mg (p < 0.05). Also, the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx enzymes in the group treated with a dose of 50 mg/kg of feselol with APAP were 33.09, 109.86, and 109.80, respectively, which was significant compared to the APAP group (p < 0.05). The results showed that simultaneous treatment with feselol and APAP resulted in a decrease in IL-1β and TNF-α gene expression by 1.67 and 1.015 fold, respectively (p < 0.05). Also, the expression of Bax (3.22-fold) and Caspase 3 (1.26-fold) genes decreased in the feselol-treated group and the expression of Bcl-2 (0.59-fold) gene increased. In the group that received APAP and feselol, the liver tissue was close to that of the control group. Feselol (50 mg/kg) coadministered with APAP significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, and GGP enzyme activity compared to the APAP-treated group (p < 0.05). This study is notable for the discovery of feselol's pharmacological effects as a preventive drug against oxidative stress-associated hepatic impairment.

Nigella sativa oil (NSO): A game-changing neurorestorative strategy in cisplatin neurocognitive toxicity.

Threats of multiple pesticides to a predator: Toxicity and sublethal impacts on Orius nagaii.

Punicalagin enhances cryopreserved sheep sperm quality via activation of the Nrf2/PGC-1α pathway and metabolic reprogramming.

Oxidative stress, inflammation and the metabolic EpOME are associated with occupational exposure to isoflurane.

No study has, until now, examined the deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (TFP). In this study, a DES composed of choline chloride and citric acid (1:1 molar ratio) was prepared for TFP extraction. Artificial neural network optimization based on genetic and sparrow search algorithms was applied, yielding the polysaccharide TFP-1 with an average molecular weight of 13 152 Da. The TFP-1 polysaccharide exhibited a triple-helix structure, and its polymer chains comprised glucose, mannose, xylose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 90.82:5.68:3.06:0.44. The main chain structure was →(6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→). In a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced oxidative injury cell model, the TFP-1-based extract (TFP-1-E) decreased interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels, while increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity at 50-100 μg mL⁻¹ compared with the model group. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis identified 1343 differentially expressed genes between the CSE and TFP-1-E groups, which were primarily mapped to a five-gene sub-network comprising CARD17, CARD18, CASP1, MINDY3, and MINDY2. These data suggest that TFP-1-E could alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress and could be used for the development of functional foods or biomedicines. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

Effects of dietary Phellinus linteus polysaccharides supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, immune function, cecal microbiota, jejunal morphology, and metabolism in laying hens under lipopolysaccharide challenge.

A thermodynamic constraint on GPx4 flux links glutathione redox state to ferroptotic commitment.