Global Society Research Articles

Interpretations of Halal: A Comparative Analysis of Western and Eastern Ethical Frameworks

The concept of halal, deeply embedded in Islamic Sharia law, governs various aspects of daily life, including permissible foods, actions, and transactions. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of halal through Western and Eastern philosophical perspectives, drawing on Bertrand Russell’s A History of Western Philosophy and L. Adams Beck’s The Story of Oriental Philosophy. By exploring the ethical and moral viewpoints of key Western philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill, alongside Eastern thinkers like Buddha, Confucius, and Lao Tzu, this study examines how these traditions interpret and evaluate halal. The analysis reveals that Western philosophy typically perceives halal as a context-specific moral rule lacking universal applicability, whereas Eastern philosophy regards it as a fundamental component of social harmony and balance. Additionally, the paper addresses critical considerations regarding the relevance and potential reductionism in interpreting halal through non-Islamic frameworks. The findings offer valuable insights into the application of ethical and moral values across diverse cultural contexts, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural understanding in contemporary global society.

Globalization and the global trending dimensions of the labor market in a challenging context: Aspects and insights

Abstract This paper presents, describes and analyzes globalization and the global trending dimensions of the labor market and business in a challenging context. The research method started with an initial literature review then it focused on data analysis, interpretation and description, the research focus as well on creating frameworks illustrated in the part of analysis to analyze and illustrate some results and ideas. The research question is “how could globalization lead the labor market to a challenging context with and within the global trending dimensions? The results showed that globalization structured the labor market and economies and extended their global dimensions by facing facts such as skills, inflation, trade options, different economic sectors and societies, wage effects and even immigration. However, it always faces the question of employment and unemployment that affect the economy and the global society since it divided the world between developed and developing economies. In conclusion, globalization has led the labor market to a challenging context with global trending dimensions, negotiations and political adjustments are important to balance social and economic needs in order to avoid a global crisis, the labor market and its trends are important for both economic and social development.

A Transpacific Study of Anorexia Awareness and Popular Culture

Abstract This article looks at how the “anorexic condition” gained public awareness through popular culture, specifically in the United States and Hong Kong, and argues that the 1980s saw the beginning of anorexia awareness-raising in the American public, contributed by the untimely death of Karen Carpenter and the rapid expansion of consumerism. It uses racial, feminist, and disability theories to interrogate how their intersections defined and continued to shape anorexia. It examines the paradox that popular culture could be the very same agency that creates both such oppression and the “redemption” of its problematic consequences. This leads to a critical evaluation of the nature of popular culture, its influence on young people and their body image, and its prevailing influence on global society.

Agile Transformation through the Performing Management of It and Cyber Security Projects, at the Government Level

Abstract Modern theories of intelligence have developed from the observation that the person, throughout life, is in constant development. In order to be successful, certain conditions must be met. These conditions for achieving success in life depend on the skills that are formed during formal education, or at least should be pursued as goals, beyond the disciplines. In a current information society, the quality of life as well the perspectives of social change and economic development depend on information and its exploitation, especially in the institutional field of managing computer applications for the absorption of European funds, becoming a matter of national importance, with critical values for national security, characterized by the state of economic equilibrium. Scientific knowledge and information are of particular importance in the global information society by: supporting innovation through technology, promoting economic development through the use of emerging technologies, making decisions efficiently and transparently at government level. The implementation and use of intelligent technologies have a decisive role in the development of the degree of digitization of public services through non-refundable funding from European funds and the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. The reinvention of the government can be transformed into a reality through the digitization and computerization of the public administration, assuming the modernization of the infrastructure through specific sources of funding, such as European funds, ensuring security through advanced cyber protection and defense capabilities against possible vulnerabilities, risks or cyber-attacks. Achieving performance within the public institution requires an increased concern for innovation, creativity and change.

Cooperação em segurança e defesa cibernética e a proteção das democracias sul-americanas

The last decade has shown the global society, especially South American society, the great challenges that democracies will face in the 21st century. Among the various threats observed in cyberspace are the so-called disinformation campaigns and hybrid interference. As a result, this new digital means of information socialization has caused serious damage to the democratic pillars of states, as disinformation and false information have become a feature of political debate. Based on this, the article seeks to analyze how South American countries are building cooperation in cybersecurity and cyber defense between 2012 and 2020, and what the implications are for the protection of democracy and the rule of law. It is argued that, due to the transnational dynamics of the digital world and the wide reach of its actions and consequences, the search for a solution to these demands goes through a process of deepening state cooperation, in which the foreign policy strategies of states are fundamental for building an effective response to this type of threat to democracy at the international level. From this perspective, we understand the interdependence between States in this sphere and adopt a cooperative conception to reflect on the obstacles South American countries face.

Look into the Future: Life Values and Orientations of Modern Youth in Yakutia

The article contributes to the discussion about the values and life strategies of modern youth using the example of a study of students in the northern region of Russia. The article presents some results of a sociological survey aimed at studying the life world, social and political orientations of students of three federal universities of Yakutia (NEFU, ASICA, ChSIPhES). Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the distribution of life values and orientations, factors of success and happiness, as well as the ratio of the respondents' civil and regional identities. The sociological study ‘Students of Russia: Civic Culture and Life Strategies’ was conducted by the Centre of Political Science of SPR FCTAS RAS in April-May 2023. The object of the study is Russian students. The study used a quota-proportional all-Russian sample with interdependent characteristics of the general population: gender, age, place of residence, level of education received and areas of higher education. The sample size is 6389 respondents, with 468 students in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The data analysis revealed the priority of material-economic and socio-emotional life values in the individual matrices of young people. Material prosperity, interesting work, family stability, emotional ties with family members and friends, education, as well as autonomy, independence, individualism are the most significant in the lives of students. The spatial levels of identity and the degree of emotional attachment to local and global territorial communities, as well as the attitude of young people in Yakutia to Russia have been revealed. Student youth optimistically builds an image of the future of Yakutia and Russia, relying on traditional values and family, while being open to the global society, mostly relying on their own experience and competences.

Putting algorithmic bias on top of the agenda in the discussions on autonomous weapons systems

Biases in artificial intelligence have been flagged in academic and policy literature for years. Autonomous weapons systems—defined as weapons that use sensors and algorithms to select, track, target, and engage targets without human intervention—have the potential to mirror systems of societal inequality which reproduce algorithmic bias. This article argues that the problem of engrained algorithmic bias poses a greater challenge to autonomous weapons systems developers than most other risks discussed in the Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (GGE on LAWS), which should be reflected in the outcome documents of these discussions. This is mainly because it takes longer to rectify a discriminatory algorithm than it does to issue an apology for a mistake that occurs occasionally. Highly militarised states have controlled both the discussions and their outcomes, which have focused on issues that are pertinent to them while ignoring what is existential for the rest of the world. Various calls from civil society, researchers, and smaller states for a legally binding instrument to regulate the development and use of autonomous weapons systems have always included the call for recognising algorithmic bias in autonomous weapons, which has not been reflected in discussion outcomes. This paper argues that any ethical framework developed for the regulation of autonomous weapons systems should, in detail, ensure that the development and use of autonomous weapons systems do not prejudice against vulnerable sections of (global) society.

Media aspects of the relationship between politics and sports using the example of the Russian Federation’s exclusion from international competitions

RELEVANCE. The relationship between politics and sports is a pressing issue, since political contradictions between states are reflected in sports. Major sporting events are not just competitions between athletes, but also fierce political struggles. Through professional sports with the help of various media technologies, it is possible to influence global society and achieve geopolitical results. The relationship between elite sports and politics is considered using the example of the exclusion of Russian sports from international competitions and materials about this in the media.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Materials from foreign media have been studied on the topic of removing Russia from big-time sports, depriving it of state symbols, removing Russian athletes from international competitions due to disagreement with the political course of the authorities of the Russian Federation, and the introduction of so-called sanctions in the field of sports. The study was based on a comparative historical method, which helps to consider the dynamics of the development of relations between Russian sports and the political course of Western countries. The theoretical basis was the work of domestic and foreign researchers of the history and theory of sports. Content analysis was also used to study materials from Russian and foreign media with the aim of determining the attitude of foreign states towards Russian sports and its oppression in the international sports arena from 2014 to 2024.RESULT AND DISCUSSION. An analysis of foreign media materials confirms that pressure on Russian sports is being exerted by Western countries due to their disagreement with the political course of the Russian Federation. An analysis of sources showed that Western media agree on the issue of sanctions against Russian sports: they support the introduction of restrictions against Russian sports, but at the same time they call such measures an instrument of geopolitics, an instrument of “containing Russia”. This confirms the politicization of sports through the media.CONCLUSION. Analyzing the content of publications in both foreign and Russian media, we can conclude that pressure on Russian sports and members of the Russian national team began to intensify after the victory of the Russian team in the team event at the Olympic Games in Sochi 2014 and after the Republic of Crimea joined the Russian Federation . After the Russian Armed Forces launched a special military operation in Ukraine, even more sanctions and restrictions were introduced against Russian sports, and Russia was actually excluded from international sports. The author believes that the pressure on Russian sports will only increase.

The Bosnian Genocide: A Case for Multiculturalism

The objective of this research is to investigate the causes, impacts, and aftermath of the Bosnian Genocide to propose preventative strategies against future genocides. A literature review of primary sources and current scholarly papers is presented to analyze the significant influence of economic and historical events preceding the genocide, the determinant causes of which were the advocation of the “Greater Serbia” ideology and the changing socioeconomic dynamics between Bosnia and Serbia. The clear intent of the Bosnian War was to systematically enforce a nationalist Serbian agenda whose primary goals were the complete eradication of the Bosniak community through the destruction of their cultural landmarks and the deliberate killings of Bosniak men and mass rape of women. The Bosnian Genocide resulted in the Dayton Agreement that ended the war and the formation of the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. The results of this study culminate in recommendations to avert future instances of genocide, such as limiting the political power of the head of state to ensure accountability through checks and balances, establishing security measures to protect the Bosniak community from violent crimes, diversifying the national economy by creating job opportunities in non-military sectors, implementing an educational campaign at the primary level to encourage respect for minority groups, enacting anti-discrimination laws, and engaging Bosniak community leaders in decision making. These recommendations are made not only to support preventative measures but also to promote an acceptance of multiculturalism that is crucial to avert future genocides in an increasingly globalized society.

The Real Existing Real Reality 2022. Article 1. From the Victory of Neo-Liberalism to the Self-Destructive World Society

The present study ‘The Real Existing Real Reality 2022’ consists of two related articles. These are reflections on societies, and perhaps the world on the road to self-destruction. The author wanted to add a subtitle to the article ‘The three-quarter time waltz of the self-destructive society, the new social structure of the Three Societies and a war, where good can at least fight against evil.’ In this work we discuss the currently urgent issue of how to interpret the rapidly increasing peaceful and non-peaceful transformations in the definitive global world. We point out the common features of the current events. Our title (The Real Existing Real Reality 2022) goes back to Boris Ponomarjov's phrase about ‘real existing socialism,’ which should have been higher than all ‘utopian’ concepts. All references to ‘reality’ seem to have two different directions. In the first case, ‘reality’ is more valuable than utopias (as in Ponomarjov). In the second case, reality is poor and negative compared to the ideas. But we have actually to deal with a third case. ‘Reality’ becomes the highest value, because the possession of the definition of Reality becomes the real goal of the present war. In the first article, ‘From the Victory of Neo-Liberalism to the Self-Destructive World Society,’ we show the ‘real’ process, and not yet reflected, of the political and social transformations. The triumphant neo-liberalism has appeared in every point and as the personification of every value in the current discussions. The greatest problem of the present is to identify liberalism with the monetarist economic system. The really existing socialism of the 1970s and 1980s was the subject against which a classical political liberalism of the human rights, a neo-liberal epistemology (Karl R. Popper) and a market-economy neo-liberalism could unite. Real socialism did not misunderstand this new situation. It has simply not recognized it. A new description of global society is only possible with a hypothesis of three ‘societies’ of this global world. The first society would be the society of the good will, for which the value-oriented life of this year (1989) can no longer be an open problem. We define the second society as the one that is not fundamentally constituted by the good will described above. We see the third society in that political class or elite whose power came into being in the year 1989. The ‘third’ society is the object of self-identification of the ‘first’; the ‘first’ is the product of 1989. The ‘second’ society, as the majority, lived in the shadows for a long time after 1989, its emancipation began after the first elementary shocks (economic crises or the imperialist turn) of globalization. When we talk about the further social embedding of these Three Societies, the phenomenon of public debt seems to be one of the most relevant constitutive factors of our society in the plan. The correlations are more than obvious. The third society suggests to the first society that the heavily indebted state is not a really relevant social fact. It also suggests that today's world economy is the realm of normality, in which only the bad and undisciplined policies of individual governments or the oil price are the real movers.

Can E-commerce development policies promote the high-quality development of agriculture?-A quasi-natural experiment based on a China's E-commerce demonstration city.

As a new business model, E-commerce brings new changes to the global economy and society. So, can E-commerce development policies promote high-quality agricultural development? This article regards the pilot construction of national e-commerce demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment for the development of e-commerce. Based on the E-commerce pilot and economic and social development data of national prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2018, the agricultural total factor productivity calculated by the Fare-Primont index method is used as the characterization of the quality of urban agricultural development, and an empirical model is constructed under the progressive Differences-in-Differences framework. This paper empirically tests the overall impact of E-commerce development on the high-quality development of agriculture and its sources, analyzes the heterogeneity and dynamics of the impact, and investigates the possible impact mechanism. The result shows that from the overall impact and its sources, the development of E-commerce in cities has a positive impact on the high-quality development of agriculture, and the impact is mainly due to its role in promoting technological innovation and economies of scale. From the perspective of heterogeneity, the larger the population size of a city, the more significant the level of e-conomic development or Internet development. From the perspective of the dynamic impact, the positive impact of e-commerce development becomes more significant over time. With the passage of time, the impact of E-commerce on high-quality agricultural development policies shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence for the rationality and effectiveness of policies and measures related to E-commerce to promote the high-quality development of agriculture.

Dimensions of Transnational Feminism: Autonomous Organizing, Multilateralism and Agenda-Setting in Global Civil Society

The importance and impact of feminist mobilization across borders is well documented, but the impact of autonomy as an aspect of such organizing has not been explored in the transnational context. We argue that to understand the impact of transnational feminist mobilization, at least two distinct types of feminist mobilization require further conceptual development and empirical exploration in the transnational context, namely, autonomous as contrasted with multilateral mobilization. We offer a conceptual framework for distinguishing and studying these two forms. Further, using a mixed-methods study design, we empirically distinguish domestic and transnational dimensions of feminist activism and illuminate the impact of both multilateral feminist organizing and autonomous feminist organizing in the transnational space. Our analysis reveals that domestic and transnational organizing are distinct but related phenomena. We also find that in online organizing spaces, autonomous feminist campaigns amplify the messaging of geographically dispersed grassroots and individual activists more than multilateral ones. It further suggests that autonomous movements may offer more potential for representing marginalized groups of women, though this potential may not always be realized. The paper offers new concepts and empirical insights for the study of transnational feminism, thereby enabling a new research agenda. Further, this research contributes to the study of the ways that Transnational Social Movements can enrich global civil society and deepen global democracy.

The Zhongyong Dialectic: A Bridge into the Relational World

Abstract Three tensions are said to exist in my relational theory, i.e. between ontology and behavior, between structure and process, and between substance and procedure. Underlying these tensions is a crucial question: How to identify the subject and object and understand the domination–subordination power relationship therein? These seeming inconsistencies appear if observed through a dualistic lens but may well disappear when viewed from the zhongyong dialectic, which, as an epistemological and methodological device, assumes no binary dichotomy in the first place. It believes in immanent relationality and dynamic transformability, holding that interaction based on difference rather than homogeneity generates healthy life and arguing that subject and object, structure and process, substance and procedure—all these categories constructed as dichotomous opposites are in fact mutually transformable as related parts of a whole. The evolution of global society, from international society of nation-states, to global society of humans, and to planetary society of all on earth (or beyond), clearly indicates the relational transformability across the ostensible subject–object divide. Power relations exist, but any unilateral exercise of power is ephemeral, for power over will not last, while power to will.

Dimension of the Corruption in Pakistan

Corruption is an abomination of society that exists in every system in the globe, including the governance systems. Pakistan, being a part of global society, is also affected by it. Our legal system has a colonial feel to it and is rooted in the United Kingdom era. The governments of several eras established commissions, issued laws to combat this social ill, and vigorously prosecuted them in order to give the populace of the nation access to free and open justice. The goal of the current study, "Dimensions of the Corruption in Pakistan," is to categorize the various ways that corruption has affected Pakistan's government structure. It was also discovered that efforts have been made by both the current and previous Pakistani administrations to lessen corruption by means of the country's legal system. In this context, the 2009 judicial policy has been particularly beneficial.

Application of Additive Manufacturing in the Automobile Industry: A Mini Review

The automobile industry is recognized as one of the most influential sectors shaping global economies, societies, and individual lifestyles. Therefore, fierce competition among different companies is continuously undergoing, and special attention is focused on innovations to improve competitiveness. In the past several years, additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as an innovative technology in applications in the automobile industry with significant advantages over traditional techniques. As a result, increasing efforts have been paid to combining AM technology with the development of the automobile industry. Currently, many automobile players are optimizing their industrial layout by incorporating innovative AM techniques, and meanwhile, a lot of research progress has been achieved in order to meet the market demand. This article aims at presenting a timely review to conclude the recent advances in the application of AM techniques in the automobile industry, focusing on the available AM techniques, printable materials, and industry applications, based on which the advantages and disadvantages of each technique and material system are discussed in order to reveal the current application situation. The current research gaps and challenges are also outlined to indicate future research opportunities. Hopefully, this work can be useful to related researchers as well as game players in the industry of this field.

Sociolinguistic Characterization of Métis People in Canada

This article presents a sociolinguistic characterization of the indigenous Métis people in Canada. Drawing on existing scholarly works and research, the study aims to describe the status of the Métis people, recently recognized as an indigenous nation of the country, and their language. It delves into the historical formation of the Métis nation and its current state, providing a demolinguistic profile of the Métis population today. Statistical data from recent censuses is included. The novelty of this research lies in its examination of the contemporary situation of the Métis people with a focus on existing laws and judicial decisions impacting all aspects of their lives. An overview of anthropological and sociolinguistic studies on Métis people conducted by scholars over the past decades is offered. The author emphasizes the functional characteristics of the Métis language, Michif, outlining its ethnic and social functions. The article also discusses policies concerning Métis people in the realms of social, economic, and political rights. The relevance of this study is underscored by the heightened attention from Russian and global societies towards language situations and solutions to linguistic issues in polyethnic states, as well as the preservation of indigenous languages.

Saving the Earth for Future Generations: Some Reflections

Most legal systems recognize trusteeship functions of individuals or institutions to act on behalf and in the interest of those who cannot legally act for themselves. They can be advanced for the effective protection of future generations and the Earth. Guidance for Earth Trusteeship exist in the form of two agreements created by global civil society, the 2000 Earth Charter and the 2018 Hague Principles. Current opportunities include the UN Secretary General’s call for “repurposing the Trusteeship Council”, the UN Summit of the Future and ongoing developments in many countries towards implementing ecological integrity and rights of nature into their legal systems.

Transformative Education Related to Ethno-Religion, Digital Technology, and Global Awareness

In our rapidly evolving world, transformative education emerges as a critical necessity, particularly concerning ethno-religion, digital technology, and global awareness. This study delves into the intersectionality of these factors and their influence on education, aiming to equip individuals to navigate and thrive in an increasingly diverse and interconnected global society. Through a literature review, we explore the multifaceted dimensions of transformative education, emphasizing its relevance to ethno-religion, digital technology, and global awareness. The integration of digital technology in transformative education has revolutionized learning experiences, offering innovative tools for collaboration, research, and communication. However, it is imperative to ensure equitable access and address challenges related to digital literacy and cyber ethics. Global awareness in transformative education extends beyond exposure to different cultures, aiming to cultivate empathy, solidarity, and critical analysis of global issues. By engaging with real-world challenges and diverse perspectives, students can develop into informed and engaged global citizens. Employing a narrative-style research design, this study integrates subjective opinions, literature support, thematic analysis, and insights from the educational field to provide a comprehensive understanding of transformative education's potential to shape empathetic, critically aware individuals prepared to address complex global challenges. Through exploration of pedagogical strategies, case studies, and best practices, the study aims to contribute to inclusive and equitable educational environments conducive to transformative learning.

Право, информационное общество, цифровой суверенитет

Introduction. The rapid development of digital technologies has led to significant changes in various spheres of public life. The species classification of the modern world is based on the fact that the era of the information society is coming. Its characteristics were defined in the Okinawa Charter of the Global Information Society. Empirical analysis. The author presents an overview of the strategies for innovative technological development adopted in the Russian Federation under the influence of the development of digital technologies. The relevance of the formation of the concept of digital sovereignty is shown. The researcher conducted a comparative legal study which indicated that digital sovereignty was originally presented in the legal systems of the European Union countries. Foreign approaches to the formation of a new legal order, conditioned by the development of digitalization, are outlined. The article highlights the features of the German concept “Industry 4.0”, the Japanese concept “Society 5.0”, and the Chinese concept “Made in China 2025”. Theoretical analysis. The main trend of digitalization is decentralization, which affects not only the economies of countries, but also the public administration system. Its general consequences are highlighted: the emergence of competition between states (which leads to the expansion of axiology, and not just technology); a change in the concept of public administration in the context of growing horizontal connections (the emergence of the concept of “the state as a platform”); priority of data (in electronic form) as a condition for the economic, political and social development of the state. Results. The acceleration of the technological process has an impact on the socio-political sphere. The law does not have time to react to changes; the formed reality itself dictates those rules that are formed outside of political instruments. This also leads to the transformation of traditional state institutions, which forces us to rethink the very understanding of the modern state.

Dubify: Multilingual Video Translation Platform

In an increasingly globalized society, effective cross-linguistic communication is essential. This brief presents a new approach. Dubify is a feature-rich application created to facilitate smooth translation of video information between languages. Dubify uses advanced machine learning algorithms to provide real-time translation services, ensuring that video content is understandable and accessible to viewers around the world. Strong speech recognition, accurate translation, and natural language generation are some of Dubify's main strengths. Thanks to the platform's extensive language support, users can easily translate video content into multiple languages. In addition, Dubify offers customization tools that allow users to adjust translations to suit their particular taste and dialect. Dubify's easy-to-use interface and advanced translation skills make it a flexible choice for individuals, businesses, and organizations looking to translate