Global Migration Research Articles

Background: Chagas cardiomyopathy is a common cause of nonischemic cardiomyopathy in Latin America and often presents with ventricular arrhythmias. With increasing global migration, the prevalence of Chagas cardiomyopathy in non-endemic regions is rising, including the United States. As such, evaluating the etiology of ventricular arrhythmias requires a broad differential. We present the diagnostic work up of a patient presenting with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT), ultimately found to have Chagas cardiomyopathy. Case: A 54-year-old Spanish-speaking male with no past medical history presented after being found unconscious and diaphoretic. Electrocardiogram demonstrated sustained monomorphic VT. After stabilization, transthoracic echocardiography revealed a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction 30-35% with global hypokinesis and severely dilated LV cavity. Coronary angiography revealed patent coronaries. Further workup with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated transmural late gadolinium enhancement in the basal to mid-lateral wall corresponding with hypokinetic myocardium, with a LV thrombus adjacent to the mitral valve and developing apicolateral aneurysm. An 18-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan was done which showed increased glucose uptake in the dysfunctional mid-lateral to apicolateral and anterolateral myocardium, without extracardiac evidence of sarcoid. Serologic testing was notable for an initially positive Lyme IgM, but confirmatory testing was negative. Further, serologies for Trypanosoma cruzi returned positive. Discussion: Although imaging was initially concerning for cardiac sarcoidosis, it did not meet clinical diagnostic criteria given absence of extracardiac involvement and presence of positive Trypanosoma cruzi titers. Empiric treatment was initiated for suspected Lyme carditis as he endorsed a history of rash resembling erythema migrans prior to presentation but was discontinued once confirmatory testing was negative. He was ultimately diagnosed with Chagas cardiomyopathy, but given his high-risk Rassi score, antiparasitic therapy was deferred and confirmatory testing was not pursued. He was started on guideline-directed medical therapy for cardiomyopathy and anticoagulation for LV thrombus. Amiodarone was initiated for VT, and an automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator was placed for secondary prevention.

Multicultural and migrant-receiving societies rely on the English language to integrate their populations. As the world's dominant language, English is essential for gaining access to employment, public services, and supporting community life—all crucial for successful integration. This review analyzed 32 published studies and policy reports from 2003 to 2025 to assess how English proficiency affects social inclusion for immigrants, refugees, and minority groups. Using systematic literature review methods, the authors employed thematic content analysis to identify recurring themes in employment, education, peer involvement, and identity development. The findings indicate that strong English skills help individuals engage more actively in their communities, improve employment prospects, participate in politics, and foster social cohesion. However, numerous challenges hinder language acquisition, including the high cost of schooling, cultural and mindset barriers, and social hostility. The study emphasizes the importance of a whole-school approach to language learning, incorporating culturally sensitive teaching, diverse learning experiences, and necessary policy reforms. Ultimately, the authors provide recommendations for educators, policymakers, and community organizations to enhance the role of English in promoting equal and inclusive societies. Despite widespread recognition of English's global role, its urgent relevance lies in the increasing migration flows and the need for effective integration strategies. The novelty of this study is its focus on the social impact of English proficiency for migrants, particularly in terms of inclusion and empowerment. The core problem addressed is the lack of equitable access to language education and its consequences for immigrant, refugee, and minority populations.

Abstract Understanding how foreign-accented speech is perceived in majority societies is increasingly important in the context of global migration. Such research provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities encountered by international migrants, particularly regarding their prospects for social inclusion in key societal domains such as employment, housing, and education. This article presents key findings from a large-scale study on language attitudes in multilingual Sweden. A speaker evaluation experiment was conducted in which twelve foreign-sounding accents were assessed across multiple tasks. The study involved over 2,000 participants, selected to form a representative sample of the Swedish population. The results reveal a pronounced evaluative hierarchy of accents that mirrors broader societal rankings of languages based on status, prestige, and perceived social value. Accents associated with North-Western European languages were more accurately identified and more positively evaluated. In contrast, accents from other regions were more frequently misidentified and evaluated less favourably – particularly when the accent was perceived as originating from an L1 Arabic background. The analysis of these misidentifications reveals that listeners’ evaluations are often shaped less by the linguistic signal itself than by socially constructed assumptions about the speaker’s ethnic or cultural background. The article concludes with a critical methodological discussion highlighting the importance of including accent identification tasks in language attitude research.

Background: Global migration and increasing cultural diversity have made cultural competence a necessary component of quality health care. In clinical practice, nursing and laboratory services are major patient interfaces where culturally mediated beliefs, behaviors, and communication styles directly influence the process of care. Mismatch in these interactions can lead to misdiagnosis, non-adherence, and health disparities. Aim: This systematic review aims to synthesize the literature between 2015 and 2025 to understand how cultural factors impact patient interactions in nursing and laboratory practice and to evaluate strategies for developing cultural competence in these services. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The search terms used were "cultural competence," "nursing," "phlebotomy," "laboratory medicine," "patient interaction," "health disparities," and "cultural factors." Results: Cultural factors significantly impact care, including explanatory models, communication barriers, religion-based preferences, and family involvement. These factors affect patient consent, compliance, and follow-up care. Interventions like professional medical interpretation, cultural competency training, and culturally tailored patient education improve patient satisfaction and diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Cultural competence is crucial for safe, effective, and equitable nursing and laboratory practice. Institutional policy should include trained interpreters, culturally sensitive protocols, and a diverse workforce, promoting cultural humility.

The Indian diaspora, a dynamic and diverse global community, plays a pivotal role in both the preservation and transformation of cultural identities. This paper investigates how the Indian diaspora upholds traditional cultural practices while also adapting and evolving these practices within new socio-cultural environments. Through case studies from various countries, the research highlights how Indian immigrants and their descendants navigate their cultural heritage, striving to maintain traditional values while integrating new influences from their host countries. Key factors in sustaining cultural identities include community organizations, religious institutions, and cultural festivals. The paper also explores the transformative aspects of the diaspora experience, such as the blending of cultural practices, the development of hybrid identities, and the emergence of new cultural expressions. Diaspora literature, thriving in both English and native Indian languages, plays an integral role in exploring these complexities of cultural identity. While literature in English gains wider recognition, works in native languages face challenges due to market dominance. Despite these difficulties, there are increasing efforts to highlight diasporic literature in native languages, which enhances understanding of Indian society and culture and reflects the evolving nature of identity in the context of global migration. The findings emphasize the complex relationship between preservation and transformation, illustrating how the Indian diaspora contributes to a global cultural mosaic while continuously reshaping their cultural narratives. This study provides valuable insights into diaspora dynamics and cultural identity in an increasingly interconnected world.

ABSTRACT Population ageing and global migration are two formidable trends significantly transforming many countries' demographic profiles. This paper adopts transnationalism to investigate late‐life Chinese immigrants' (65 years and over) everyday challenges and information practices in New Zealand. The findings result from a reflexive thematic analysis of in‐depth interviews of 47 older Chinese immigrants. We found that interviewees' challenges and information needs involved New Zealand‐ and China‐oriented issues, reflecting their transnational characteristics. Their information needs primarily targeted their daily challenges. Meanwhile, interviewees' challenges and information needs varied according to their settlement stages (newcomers vs. long‐established immigrants). In contrast, the settlement stage‐based divergencies of their information sources were not obvious. Interviewees' information‐seeking behaviours were both random and purposeful. The findings offer helpful suggestions for policymakers to improve social service and information delivery systems. They also expand our understanding of late‐life immigrants' local integration into host countries.

Researchers and policy-makers alike increasingly recognise the importance of engaging diverse perspectives in global migrant research. There is a shift toward more community-led, co-produced, and decolonial approaches that centre migrants as active collaborators in research design, implementation, and dissemination. The aims are to explore [1] the use of participatory approaches in global migration research; [2] genuine participatory approaches or 'best practice' in participatory approaches to migration research and [3] barriers and facilitators for participatory research at a global level. This study used a qualitative design in the form of a structured roundtable discussion. The roundtable was held virtually in 2024 with 16 individual participants from nine countries, with expertise in migration research and practice. The session lasted two hours and was moderated by two facilitators, with open-ended questions designed to elicit reflections on participatory approaches in migrant research. The themes were: use of participatory approaches, best practices, and barriers and facilitators to participation. Participants highlighted key participatory methods commonly used, including the 'use of frameworks', the use as 'researchers as social agents' or intermediaries to amplify migrant community voices and the use of 'community-led direction'. Best practices included the prioritisation of measurable benefits for the community itself, ensuring sustained engagement, from inception to the completion of the project and beyond and avoiding the use of generalising methodologies. Limitations identified were discrimination faced by migrant communities, continued relocation, or misalignment with research funder expectations were also noted. Enablers were the building of community trust, the use of innovative and flexible research funding models, and the establishment of knowledge exchanges between communities and researchers. Future lines of action include addressing these challenges through innovative models such as trust-based philanthropy, and emphasising the need for genuine engagement and community agency - and the inclusion of frontline worker perspectives in research.

ABSTRACT Existing scholarship on middling migrants has paid insufficient attention to how nationality and race intersect to shape the ways migrants from the Global South encounter migration regimes in the Global North. In Australia, the human capital that merits the permanent residency (PR) status keeps evolving, rendering migrants’ PR struggles unpredictable and emotionally taxing. Drawing on fifty-three life histories of Vietnamese migrants and ethnographic observations conducted between 2019 and 2023, this article explores the strategies and pathways migrants employ to secure permanent visas and, ultimately, Australian citizenship. To achieve their Australian dream, migrants accumulate the human capital demanded by Australia’s neoliberal migration regime or channel financial capital into business or marriage. My study shows that pathways to citizenship are not solely dictated by migrants’ social positionings or market-driven migration policies but are also forged within the grey zones between legality and illegality, social and commercial relationships, and material and virtual worlds.

BackgroundMeasles continues to pose a major public health threat worldwide. Reoccurring outbreaks are fueled by declining vaccination rates, increased global travel, migration, and disruptions in immunization programs. Consequently, hygiene measures remain essential to prevent transmission, particularly in health care settings where nosocomial infections can occur.Methods and ResultsTo address this, we tested virus inactivation by common oral rinses, as primary transmission occurs via aerosols and droplets, using a quantitative suspension assay in accordance with European guidelines. We further evaluated World Health Organization–recommended hand rub formulations based on ethanol and 2-propanol with the same assay. After confirming that measles virus remains viable for several hours on stainless steel, we assessed the efficacy of surface disinfectants, including alcohol-, aldehyde-, and hydrogen peroxide–based products.ConclusionsThe virus was effectively inactivated by World Health Organization–recommended hand rub formulations, oral rinses, and surface disinfectants, demonstrating the effectiveness of standard hygiene measures in infection control. These findings underscore the critical importance of consistent hygiene practices in limiting measles transmission.

Indonesia is a country that is geographically strategic in the flow of global migration, but until now it has not been a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention or the 1967 Protocol. This non-binding has created uncertainty in the legal status and protection of international refugees in Indonesian territory. This article discusses how Indonesia, as a non-state party, continues to implement the principle of non-refoulement which is part of customary international law. Through a normative legal approach, this article examines national regulations such as the Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 concerning the Handling of Refugees, and Indonesia's cooperation with UNHCR in the process of Refugee Status Determination. The findings show that despite not being conventionally bound, Indonesia has demonstrated compliance with basic humanitarian principles, including the prohibition of forced return of refugees to countries of origin. However, the absence of a national asylum legal system has limited legal protection, access to basic rights, and long-term certainty for refugees. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the domestic legal framework in order to provide legal certainty and align national policies with international protection standards. This study offers novelty by examining the legal position of refugees in Indonesia from the perspective of a country that is not a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention, but still applies the principle of non-refoulement as part of customary international law. Unlike previous studies that only highlight the role of UNHCR or the humanitarian aspect, this article emphasizes the importance of establishing a domestic legal framework as a form of state commitment in filling the gap in asylum law and providing certainty of long-term protection for refugees.

Global migration has heightened due to various factors ranging from economic instability, political tension in many countries, escape from human rights abuse, search for better education and quality of life, as well as other involuntary reasons. Immigrants, irrespective of their immigration status, are often confronted by various challenges such as systemic inequities, identity conflict, community fragmentation, cultural and sociopolitical marginalization, including acculturation stress in their host countries that undermine their mental health. Current sociopolitical situations, particularly in the United States, further exacerbate these stressors. In light of this, mental health nurses must provide care that transcends borders, race, sexuality, or immigration status. Drawing on existing evidence, practice-based gaps, and emerging frameworks of culturally attuned care positions presence-centered care as a critical care approach in mental health care for vulnerable populations. There is transformative power in caring presence practice, particularly for immigrants who are confronted with various cultural and sociocultural stressors that exacerbate mental health issues among the population, inviting new discourse in this care dimension. Additionally, culturally attuned and presence-centered care are approaches that are culturally congruent to better prepare mental health nurses in the delivery of holistic care for improved mental health and overall well-being of the immigrant population.

ABSTRACT With the fast global urbanization and mass migration to cities seen in recent decades, many cities have had to struggle with the problem of overloading in urban networks and services. Urban transportation systems play a key role in how well a city can manage traffic, the city’s air quality, and its energy consumption. Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is a sustainable urban development approach focused on enhancing public transportation systems, including urban rail transit systems. Despite their many benefits, these systems can be very expensive to build and maintain. One of the systematic methods for financing these systems is to use the Transit Joint Development (TJD) approach. TJD is a development approach covering a range of partnership and collaboration strategies, which can be combined with TOD in the pursuit of sustainable development in areas around metro stations. This study aimed to evaluate and analyze four stations, i.e. Shohada, Takhti, D-Dolat and Enghelab, in the central section of Line 1 of Isfahan Metro based on a combination of the TJD and TOD approaches. First, the information needed to assess the stations in terms of TOD and TJD criteria was collected through library research and field study. Then the tools provided in the Urban Network Analysis (UNA) and Metropolitan Form Analysis (MFA) toolboxes and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used to analyze the status of the stations. The results showed that the order of the stations from best to worst in terms of both TOD and TJD is Takhti, Enghelab, D-Dolat and Shohada. The paper also provides some suggestions for the optimal utilization of these stations in terms of TOD. Highlight Urban Network and Form Analysis applied as innovative GIS-based methods. Transit Joint Development presented as a land value capture mechanism. Combined TOD and TJD to address transit financing challenges. Corridor analysis ranks Isfahan Line 1 stations by development potential. Provided practical suggestions for optimizing historical urban cores.

Dust devil migration is a direct expression of the dynamics of the lowermost martian atmosphere. These dynamics are responsible for dust lifting and atmospheric injection, a vital part of the dust cycle that governs modern Mars’ weather and climate. Here, we use deep learning and two decades’ worth of orbital images to track the global, diurnal, and seasonal migration patterns of dust devils across Mars, providing a distributed characterization of the dynamics of near-surface winds. Across Mars, derived wind stresses systematically exceed those predicted by global circulation models and frequently surpass the threshold required to initiate particle saltation and the lifting of dust. We identify instances of fast-moving dust devils, indicating strong near-surface winds, that are colocated with large-scale dust lifting events and storms. Our observations show that strong near-surface winds are abundant on Mars and play an important role in atmospheric dust sourcing, directly informing more accurate models of Mars’ atmosphere, weather, and climate.

ABSTRACT Global migration scholarship has documented considerable ethnic differences in migration propensities due to socio-economic disparities across ethnic groups, which may be further exacerbated at times of societal upheaval. We study ethno-regional variations in internal and temporary international migration in response to socio-political transitions in Kyrgyzstan – a multi-ethnic country in post-Soviet Central Asia with a long history of ethnic and regional tensions and considerable societal instability. Using nationally representative retrospective survey data, we analyse respondents’ internal and temporary international migratory moves since the late Soviet era. The results indicate persistent ethnic (majority vs. minority) and regional differences in migration propensities and instructive temporal variations in them. Specifically, while the results show a consistent association of migration with the level of regional development, they also demonstrate a dramatic spike in both internal and international mobility from the region that was the scene of inter-ethnic violence and by members of the minority most affected by that violence.

The global migration landscape is undergoing change. Migration diplomacy—interstate bargaining over migration—is growing in importance, and traditionally (im)migrant-sending countries increasingly serve as transit and recipient countries. Exploring the implications of these trends for public opinion toward immigration, we develop a theory of bilateral reciprocity that links the logic of reward and punishment to citizens’ attitudes toward immigration. Leveraging a survey experiment fielded in the crucial case of Kosovo, we find that respondents prefer immigrants from countries that have helped Kosovo internationally over immigrants from countries that have harmed Kosovo internationally. Nevertheless, respondent preferences for reciprocity are unequal: respondents are more willing to punish than they are to reward immigrants for their sending country’s behavior. Supplemental findings from survey data in Germany lend additional support to our theoretical framework. These findings hold important implications for our understanding of the drivers of attitudes toward immigration and the mass politics of migration diplomacy.

In 2023, the US reported 10 locally acquired mosquito-transmitted malaria cases of 4 genetic lineages in 4 states, the first such outbreaks detected in 20 years and the largest in 35 years. To present the investigations, interventions, and challenges in the public health response to the malaria outbreaks and provide recommendations for future outbreaks. This qualitative study was an interdisciplinary public health response to the locally acquired malaria outbreaks in May to December 2023 and included case investigations, enhanced case finding, polymerase chain reaction analysis of captured Anopheles spp mosquitoes for Plasmodium spp parasites, and novel targeted amplicon sequencing of Plasmodium spp in patient blood samples. Public health interventions included incident command activation, clinician outreach, community awareness, and vector control. Patient data were acquired through public health surveillance as part of National Notifiable Disease Surveillance. Plasmodium vivax-infected and Plasmodium falciparum-infected Anopheles spp mosquitoes. Confirmed malaria infection via blood film microscopy and polymerase chain reaction, presence of Plasmodium spp in Anopheles spp mosquitoes, and genetic markers associated with an endemic region of origin and parasite strain relatedness via targeted amplicon sequencing. The study included 10 patients (mean [SD] age of 39.5 [15.0] years; 7 male [70%]) from Florida, Texas, Maryland, and Arkansas with locally acquired mosquito-transmitted malaria and 783 Anopheles spp mosquitoes across 4 states. No patient had a recent history of international travel or blood-borne exposures. Outbreak cases had epidemiologic links within but not across state lines. P vivax was detected in 3 Anopheles crucians in Florida. Sequencing data showed that all Florida P vivax cases shared the same Plasmodium strain. The Texas and Arkansas P vivax cases were genetically distinct from each other and from Florida's cases. All 9 P vivax strains had genetic signatures that were consistent with Central and South American origin. Maryland's P falciparum parasites were consistent with African origin. The outbreaks were contained. In this qualitative study of locally transmitted malaria, outbreaks remained contained to individual counties, with Florida's P vivax cases linked to a single strain distinct from those in other states. Sustained Plasmodium spp transmission is unlikely in the US, though increases in global travel and migration, population, temperatures, and persistence of Anopheles spp vectors may increase risk for locally acquired malaria. Clinicians should prescribe chemoprophylaxis for patients traveling to endemic regions, ensure timely diagnosis and treatment, and facilitate public health reporting. Researching US Anopheles spp ecology and control methods while accelerating efforts to reduce malaria globally could mitigate future risk.

This presentation outlines the development, process and aims of the Botanic Laboratory Garden [Bot] [Lab] at Royal Central School of Speech and Drama. This performance and space for research hosts an ongoing programme of curated research projects exploring the relationship between the ecology of urban land use, landscape(ing), well-being spaces and plant species specifically grown for use and harvest in scenographic and performance practice – dyes, pigments, textiles, scent and sound. I will focus on the slipperiness of plant species and the crossing of borders with what Jessica J. Lee describes as “out of place” species. This is defined through Latin taxonomy and how we can explore migration of plants as “native” and “invasive” species within a shifting global migration, geopolitical boundaries and environmental climate. I argue this curatorial approach operates in an open dramaturgical form, rather than a fixed and completed architectural space, with porous borders - a fluid and shifting programme of performance research, navigating the integration of botany, edaphology and scenography of landscape. The transience or ephemerality of scenography in a botanic laboratory, in its very nature as a research centre, can challenge intentions of landscaping and cultivation as a colonial, constructivist human intervention.

Abstract Background Health and care workforce (HCWF) migration increased globally and the HCWF crisis in high-income countries, armed conflicts and COVID-19 politics added new dynamics. These developments exacerbate inequalities between sending and receiving countries, challenging international regulations and calling for a critical reassessment of the Global Code and the promises of bilateral agreements and circular migration. HCWF migration flows not only accelerated and increased in numbers, the patterns also diversified, driven by novel multi-facetted push-and-pull factors. The Global South is emerging as the most important future source of the HCWF. Sub-Saharan Africa is a key example of how overproduction and unemployment of health and care workers (HCWs) accelerate dynamics that feed Europe's health systems while the national population is suffering from under-resourced and collapsing healthcare. Bilateral HCWF migration agreements between high- and middle-to-low income countries pretend to act ethically, but research evidence reveals unequal benefits for the receivers. Lastly, growing numbers of refugees trained as health professionals were fleeing armed conflicts, creating a pool of HCWs for Western countries. Ukraine refugees may illustrate how opportunities for effective integration in receiving countries may support individual needs and humanitarian rights as well as health system needs especially in neighbouring countries, but weaken the Ukrainian health system and cause long-term disadvantages. These changing migration patterns add novel needs and challenges to international regulations, making equity and ethical governance an even more urgent public health responsibility. Objectives This workshop aligns the needs of health systems in the Global South and in Ukraine as a country strongly affected by war and refugees with the needs of high-income countries, in particular, European Union member states. We argue for greater attention to international regulation and novel policy approaches. The panel is organised as moderated policy dialogue. It connects national and global/international perspectives, as well as EUPHA's HCWF expertise and ethics competencies. The discussion begins with three panellists providing expert insights into different HCWF migration scenarios, followed by reflections on ethical policy solutions, and capacity for international regulation lead by WHO. The workshop initiates dialogue and knowledge exchange to explore novel policy solutions for more equitable and ethically-grounded global HCWF governance. The recommendations emerging from the expert panel will be critically reflected and further explored in a moderated plenary discussion, providing ample time for discussion and integration of expertise from the audience. The workshop will strengthen EUPHA's advocacy for equity in healthcare and policy and build capacity for a resilient HCWF in Europe and globally. Key messages • Global health worker migration calls for a critical assessment of international regulations to improve equity and workforce resilience in sending and receiving countries. • Diverse migration scenarios require flexible transformative policy solutions to balance different needs of health systems, labour markets, and individual health workers ethically. Speakers/Panellists Pieternella Pieterse RCSI, Dublin, Ireland Julia Lohmann LMU Munich, Munich, Germany Zuzana Kotherová Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czechia Farhang Tahzib Faculty of Public Health, Haywards heath, UK

Abstract Climate conditions, in complex interrelations with other socioenvironmental, economic, political and cultural factors, significantly play a key role in shaping population density and movement. However, the impacts of climate change on global human migration remain poorly understood. This study assesses the sensitivity of international migration to climate change across 160 countries and regions, focusing on temperature-related climate indices. The results show that migration patterns are strongly influenced by a country’s baseline climate and economic conditions. Under global warming, countries in mid- to high-latitudes with lower baseline temperatures are projected to experience substantial increases in migration inflows, while low-latitude countries are likely to see rising migration outflows. This climate sensitivity is especially pronounced in higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) countries, whereas lower-GDP countries show little dependence on baseline climate. A simple predictive model based on projected changes in climate and GDP suggests that populations in low-GDP, low-latitude countries will face worsening conditions and increasing migration pressure by the end of the 21st century. The results underscore the growing influence of economic factors on migration and call for urgent integration of climate justice into migration policy to support vulnerable populations in a warming world.

The purposes and objectives of this paper are addressing the negative impacts of illegal migration on Somali youths and also presenting the root causes of the massive illegal emigration of Somali youths from their homeland – Somalia – and their illegal immigration to the western countries by passing via Libya as a gateway to the European Continent which they immigrate to illegally. Many Somali youths & young adults, including nuclear families and extended families, travell to Europe through Libya, in search of a better life and new opportunities, but unfortunately they lose their dear lives in the Mediterranean Sea on their risky way to the European countries. This paper explores the physical impacts which result from the physical punishments and tortures which are inflicted on Somali youths by the outlawed Libyan human traffickers who usually showcase on the social media outlets humiliated Somali youth and young adults whom they take as financial captives, imprison them in hidden houses and then beat them up for the sake of getting huge ransom from their kith and kin who do not afford paying the heavy ransom which they demand to get so swiftly. This paper also sheds light on the negative impacts of illegal migration on Somali peoples’ economy and how it drains Somali parents of their meagre income and how it results in a financial crisis as well as an economic hurdle, as Somalia which has a population of 18,143, 37814 million. Directorate of Culture and Higher Education (2025) and is situated in the Horn of Africa is recovering from the plights of the prolonged Somali armed conflicts which have been causing the said mass exodus of the Somali youths’ emigration since the inception of the Somali civil war in 1991. This in mind, this paper also investigates the psychological impact of illegal migration on the Somali youths who hail from a fragile nation – Somalia – which joined the East African Community on March the 4th 2024. Being a member of this block and being a nation whose youths and young adults immigrate to the Western World, while passing through some East African counties such as Ethiopia and Kenya, and using them as exits from the African continent. Also, a nation which assumed its non-permanent seat on the Security Council of the United Nations on January the 1st 2025, Somalia is bound to the laws, (including international law), conventions and protocols about the global migration, is in a dire need of conducting conclusive and comprehensive researches on the impact of illegal migration on its human resource since Somalia is dedicated to implementing the 2060 vision of its National Transformation Plan which is a developmental milestone for achieving a long-term national vision that is, in light with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which are to be maximised by all. In conclusion, this paper focuses on the following four main points: Physical impacts of illegal migration on Somali young adults, Psychological impacts of illegal migration on Somali youths, Financial impacts of illegal migration on Somali parents, and Economic impacts of illegal migration on Somali community.