Global Literature Research Articles

A pathway to UHC for Odisha

IntroductionThis study examines Odisha’s health system. It attempts to ascertain the systemic interventions that could significantly improve its performance.MethodsTo guide its analysis, the study uses the Control Knobs Framework with three additional ‘knobs’ of One Health, social determinants of health, and public health added to the five in the original framework. For its performance analysis, it draws on data from multiple sources, including the India Health Systems Project, which studied the Odisha health system in some detail. The study carries out an evidence synthesis using national and global literature to arrive at its recommended interventions.ResultsThe study finds that Odisha effectively has two health systems within the state – one for its eastern (coastal) and western districts (Health System A) and another for its northern, southern, and central, tribal-dominated districts (Health System B). Health System A is much better equipped and much further along in its epidemiologic transition, while Health System B is much more poorly equipped and still needs to fully address its maternal and child health burden. Both health systems have high levels of hypertension, potentially driven by a universally high salt diet. These systems also have an out-of-pocket expenditure level greater than 50% and poor responsiveness ratings, particularly for Health System B.DiscussionOn the One Health front, its high dependence on small-farm agriculture, low levels of urbanisation, and extensive forest cover make it imperative for the state to implement short and long-term strategies to address climate change, prevent disease spillovers from animals to humans, and build pandemic preparedness. To improve health outcomes, the state can intervene to improve social determinants of health and address public health concerns. To transform its health systems, the state can substantially reform the manner in which it pays the public sector, defragment its health budgets, and take steps to nudge the private sector toward offering Managed Care. For Health System A, the government needs to focus on strengthening its primary care capabilities, while for Health System B, it would need to prioritise augmenting its hospital capacity.

MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES AMONG CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH OCD: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and disabling mental health condition that significantly impacts not only affected individuals but also their caregivers. Caregivers, particularly in low-resource settings like Pakistan, often experience heightened psychological distress due to a lack of awareness, social stigma, and limited support systems. While global literature acknowledges the burden on caregivers, there remains a critical gap in Pakistan-specific research examining depression, anxiety, and stress among caregivers of individuals with OCD. Objective: To assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among caregivers of patients with OCD in Pakistan and to determine whether anxiety mediates the relationship between stress and depression. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted using purposive sampling. A total of 300 caregivers of individuals diagnosed with OCD were recruited through online platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health outcomes were assessed using the DASS-21, a validated self-report measure. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 27, and Hayes Process Macro 4.1 (Model 4) was applied for mediation analysis. Results: The majority of caregivers were female (67%), with a mean age of 37.36 years (SD = 9.94). Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between depression, anxiety, and stress (r = .97, .51, .49; p < .01). Mediation analysis showed that stress significantly predicted anxiety (β = .46, p < .001), and anxiety significantly predicted depression (β = .96, p < .001), with anxiety mediating the stress–depression relationship (indirect effect = .45, 95% CI [.37, .55]). Conclusion: Caregivers of individuals with OCD in Pakistan face substantial psychological challenges. The findings support the need for caregiver-focused interventions, including psychological counselling, awareness campaigns, and government-supported mental health services.

Preoperative risk factors for suboptimal initial clinical response or weight regain in patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a retrospective cohort study from a high-volume center

IntroductionBariatric surgery is widely recognized as a mainstay in the treatment of obesity; however, there is limited information regarding its success and the factors that influence outcomes within the Mexican population. This study provides an analysis of bariatric surgery outcomes at the “Hospital de Especialidades” of the “Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI,” with a particular focus on the prevalence of suboptimal initial clinical response, weight regain, and the identification of predictive factors.MethodsA retrospective cohort study involving 132 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between January 2018 and March 2023 was conducted. The prevalence of suboptimal initial clinical response was determined, and a binary logistic regression was applied to identify potential risk factors.ResultsThe study found that 21.97% of patients experienced suboptimal initial clinical response, a rate lower than reported in global literature. The population exhibited a significant prevalence of comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (63.64%), hypertension (55.3%), and obstructive sleep apnea (60.61%), reflecting Mexico’s high obesity rates. Additionally, male sex was identified as a significant predictor of suboptimal initial clinical response, while glycated hemoglobin and serum albumin emerged as relevant biochemical predictors, underscoring the importance of preoperative glycemic control.ConclusionThese findings offer valuable insights into bariatric surgery outcomes and identifies adequate preoperative glycemic control as an important modifiable factor that can inform future policies aimed at enhancing patient care and surgical success in bariatric procedures.

The development and focus trend of clinical pharmacists education over past 60 years: A bibliometric analysis base on global English literature

The development and focus trend of clinical pharmacists education over past 60 years: A bibliometric analysis base on global English literature

Impact of adhering to public procurement principles on procurement performance in Bangladesh

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of adherence to public procurement principles on the performance of public procurement among government agencies in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a questionnaire survey administered to public procurement officers involved in public procurement activities. A total of 398 usable responses were received. SPSS was used for descriptive analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results reveal that six public procurement performance areas – cost-saving, better quality, time-saving, promoting innovation, allowing flexibility and fostering sustainability – are significantly impacted by adherence to public procurement principles.Social implicationsThe empirical evidence of this study on the impact of compliance with procurement principles are significant, as they contribute to improving government accountability and transparency to the public, thereby fostering trust in public institutions.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to empirically examine the relationship between adherence to public procurement principles and procurement performance in Bangladesh, focusing on six distinct performance dimensions. By addressing gaps in the global literature, particularly in underrepresented developing economies, the research provides a replicable framework for understanding procurement systems worldwide. The findings contribute to the global discourse on enhancing accountability, efficiency and transparency in public procurement.

Integration of research support services (RSS) and research data management (RDM) strategies to enhance research efficiency and impact: a scientometric study

Purpose This study aims to review the scientific landscape of research support services (RSS) and research data management (RDM) provided by libraries, focusing on their application in research and learning contexts. This research seeks to examine the growth of literature in this field, identify the most influential authors, countries, affiliations and journals and assess collaboration across different geographical regions. In addition, the study will identify the most impactful paper based on the highest citation count and Altmetric Attention Score and analyse keywords to determine research trends in this subject area. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a Scientometric and Altmetric approach to analyse a decade (2014–2023) of research outputs from Scopus. Data was retrieved with a keyword-based search strategy and visualized for science mapping (author, country, organization collaborations and keyword co-occurrence) using VOSviewer. Dimension.ai was used to determine Altmetric scores and Mendeley readership of influential works. Findings This study analyses 1,085 RSS and RDM publications (2014–2023), showing global growth but lagging citations. Christina Ribeiro leads with 21 publications. Key sources include the Data Science Journal and the University of Pittsburgh. RDM has more focus than RSS, which needs further study. RSS and RDM simplify research tasks, widely used in social and computer sciences. Top works are mainly in library science. Effective RSS in libraries can enhance research and redefine their academic role. Originality/value This study examines global scientific literature to assess libraries’ awareness of RSS and RDM services for research and learning. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous study has applied Scientometrics and Altmetrics to these aims and objectives before.

A Decade of Industrial Relations Research in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda

ABSTRACTThis review paper examines the state of IR research in SSA and establishes a future research agenda—a context that has had limited coverage in global IR literature. Following the Preferred Reporting Items method for conducting Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses, we reviewed 52 IR studies published in 43 journals between 2013 and 2023 that covered 16 countries in SSA. Analysis of the studies revealed five core areas of IR research: union militancy, new form of union activism and democratisation, union fragmentation, tripartism and externally driven neoliberalism. Further analysis identified four emerging themes: colonial and historical legacies, overrepresentation of the South African context, and theoretical and methodological challenges linked to researching IR in the region. Despite regional variations between Francophone, Lusophone and Anglophone Africa, our review contends that regardless of the country‐specific orientation and history, IR in SSA is entangled with colonisation, decolonisation, institutional democratisation, economic informality and precarious labour politics. These findings have significant implications for IR research and policy, particularly on the advancement of decent work and regeneration of trade unions in SSA.

Results of Canalicular Laceration Repair with Mini-Monoka Stent: A Prospective Study from Nepal

Introduction: Canalicular lacerations occur in people of all age groups butmore common in children and young adults. The objective of this study is toevaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of canalicular lacerationrepair with Mini-monoka stent. Methods: Prospective, consecutive, non-randomized observational study atTilganga Institute of Ophthalmology from 1st September 2019 to 21st February2021. Results: Among 26 patients enrolled in this study,21(80.8 %) were male andonly 5 (19.2%) were female, ratio being 4.2:1. A larger number of canalicularinjuries were noted among children and young adults with the mean age of23.42years. Blunt injury was the most common mode of injury noted in 16(61.5%).Anatomical success was noted in 23(85.5%) and functional success in 24(92.3%).Anatomical and functional rates were not affected by injury to time of repair(p value>0.005). Premature stent extrusion was the most frequently noteddisadvantage of this procedure (11.5%). Conclusion: Canalicular laceration repair using the self-retaining Mini Monokastent demonstrated high anatomic (85.5%) and functional (92.3%) success ratesin our study, consistent with global literature. This technique is easy to performand presents fewer complications.Abbreviations: SPSS = Statistical Package for Social Sciences, FDDT = Fluoresceindye disappearance test, RTA = Road Traffic Accident

INFRASTRUCTURE AS TERRITORIAL STIGMA: Labour Migrant Exclusions in the Indian City

AbstractThe city as an exclusionary place for migrants is widely established across global literatures. Global cities—and the infrastructures that animate them—share practices of surveillance and bordering, denial of public services and stratified labour markets that constrain migrants to precarious sectors. Stigma plays a crucial role in perpetuating such conditions for migrants, rendering them ‘others’ and ‘outcasts’ that taint cities. Loïc Wacquant's concept of ‘territorial stigmatization’ can be used to explain the spatial process of such exclusions. This article empirically advances the concept by illustrating the relationship between infrastructures and territorial stigmatization that forms one part of a set of multilayered stigmas, and by arguing that territorial stigma is a relational, mobile and multiscale process. Drawing from empirical research with internal migrants working in the construction sector in one of India's fastest‐growing cities, Nashik in the state of Maharashtra, this article illustrates how infrastructure plays a role in processes of territorial stigmatization in three main ways. First, continued urbanization and infrastructural development perpetuate the need for stigmatized labour. Second, infrastructures (such as water, sanitation and public services) are crucial in configuring stigmatized spaces. And third, infrastructure enables migration across space and has the potential to reconfigure territorial stigmatization.

A Review of the Use of Data Analytics to Address Preeclampsia in Ecuador Between 2020 and 2024.

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of preeclampsia in Ecuador is approximately 51 cases per 1000 pregnancies. Despite advances in medicine, its diagnosis and management remain a challenge due to its multifactorial nature and variability in its clinical presentation. Data analytics offers an innovative approach to address these challenges, allowing for better understanding of the disease and more informed decision-making. This work review examines peer-reviewed studies published during the last decade that employed descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics to evaluate preeclampsia in Ecuador. The review focuses on studies conducted in healthcare institutions across coastal and highland regions, with an inclusion criterion requiring sample sizes greater than 100 patients. Emphasis is placed on the statistical methods used, main findings, and the technological capabilities of the facilities where the analyses were performed. Critical evaluation of methodology limitations and a comparative discussion of findings with global literature on preeclampsia are included. The synthesis of these studies highlights both progress and gaps in predictive analytics for preeclampsia and suggests pathways for future research.

Global research trends and focus on immunotherapy for endometrial cancer: a comprehensive bibliometric insight and visualization analysis (2012-2024).

This study conducted a novel systematic bibliometric and visualization analysis of global literature on immunotherapy for endometrial cancer (EC) to explore dynamic trends, research hotspots, and emerging topics, providing valuable references for future research. Articles and reviews on EC immunotherapy published between 2012 and August 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric tools, CiteSpace and VOSviewer, were used to analyze clustering patterns and research dynamics. A total of 861 articles were contributed by 5,331 authors from 1,392 institutions across 58 countries or regions, involving 1,823 keywords. China demonstrated outstanding performance in this field, contributing over 40% of the total publications and ranking first in publication volume. However, the total citation counts for publications from China lags that of the United States, highlighting the latter's leading position and areas for further improvement in China's research efforts. The University of Texas Medical Anderson Cancer Center and Nanjing Medical University were the two institutions with the highest number of publications. In terms of authorship, research teams led by Bosse, Tjalling, and Creutzberg, Carien L made significant contributions to advancing the field. Among individual publications, the work by Talhouk etal. achieved the highest average annual citation count of 70.88, demonstrating its profound impact. In terms of journals, Gynecologic Oncology emerged as a pivotal academic platform, publishing numerous articles and achieving the highest co-citation frequency. Additionally, Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers in Immunology, and Frontiers in Genetics have become some of the most active and rapidly developing journals in recent years. Research hotspots are concentrated on themes such as the "Tumor Immune Microenvironment", "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors", and "Targeted Therapy". Recent trends and frontier research focus on the combined application of immune checkpoint inhibitors with other therapies, research on the application of nanotechnology in immunotherapy, and the integration of artificial intelligence to enhance precision medicine. Additionally, efforts are increasingly directed toward advancing various immunotherapy strategies from basic research to clinical applications. This comprehensive analysis reveals rapid advancements and significant potential in EC immunotherapy. Strengthening international collaboration and addressing barriers in the translation of research to clinical practice will drive further progress in this promising field.

Cross-Cultural Understandings of Epilepsy in Patients with Epilepsy: A Scoping Review of Global Literature (P6-11.025)

Cross-Cultural Understandings of Epilepsy in Patients with Epilepsy: A Scoping Review of Global Literature (P6-11.025)

A synthesis of freshwater forested wetland soil organic carbon storage

Freshwater forested wetlands account for ~76% (918 M ha) of the total global wetland extent. However, freshwater forested wetlands are difficult to distinguish from upland forest due to canopy coverage, the abundance of wetland-nonwetland mosaics, seasonal hydropatterns, and fewer readily observable connections to large surface water bodies relative to marshes and other emergent habitats. Therefore, freshwater forested wetland ecosystems are often misclassified as upland forests in carbon accounting models, underestimating soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. This study highlights freshwater forested wetland SOC accounting challenges and presents SOC densities/stocks from a global literature synthesis across different freshwater forested wetland types. We reviewed 374 forested wetland articles, compiling and calculating carbon densities by depth from 90 freshwater forested wetland studies to construct a database of 334 study sites including nine countries. The median (± median absolute deviation) SOC stock was 91.2 ± 46.4 Mg C ha−1 and 235.3 ± 125.6 Mg C ha−1 in the top 30 cm and 100 cm of soil, respectively. The tidal freshwater forested wetland had highest SOC stock (341.6 ± 98.4 Mg C ha−1) in the upper 100 cm soil profile followed by rainforest (285.6 ± 75.8 Mg C ha−1), non-tidal swamps (229.3 ± 120.4 Mg C ha−1), and floodplain forested wetlands (176.6 ± 84 Mg C ha−1). Within the conterminous United States forest type groups, the Tsuga/Picea group had the highest median SOC stocks (353.6 ± 82.9 Mg ha−1) in the top 100 cm of soil followed by Quercus/Pinus (246.6 ± 82.3 Mg ha−1) and Quercus/Liquidambar/Taxodium (207.9 ± 87.7 Mg ha−1) groups, likely driven by variability in litter degradability, wetland hydroperiod, geomorphic positions, and regional climatic factors. This literature synthesis highlights SOC accounting in freshwater forested wetland carbon pools when estimating carbon stocks and fluxes. Results can be used to improve carbon modeling outcomes, as well as inform regional, national, and global management of wetland carbon resources.

The Evolution of Esports and Its Cultural Impact

Esports, or electronic sports, have evolved from niche arcade competitions in the 1970s to a global, multi-billion-dollar industry by 2025, reshaping entertainment, social dynamics, and cultural norms. This paper traces the historical development of esports and examines its cultural impacts on identity formation, community building, education, and societal perceptions of competition. Drawing on empirical data from Vijayatheepan’s (2023) study of Sri Lankan students and a synthesis of global literature, it highlights esports’ dual nature—fostering inclusion and skills while posing risks like addiction. Using Jenkins’ (2006) participatory culture framework, the study offers a novel comparative analysis of esports’ cultural role in Western and non-Western contexts. It concludes with recommendations for educators, policymakers, and industry stakeholders, emphasizing gaming literacy to maximize benefits and mitigate challenges. Key Words: Esports, Cultural Impact, Gaming Communities, Identity Formation, Educational Influence, Digital Culture, Competitive Gaming.

Mitigating and Preparing for Disasters at the Organizational Level: A Global Systematic Literature Review

Organizations play significant roles in society by providing goods and services and contributing to the economies of communities, globally. Amid the predicted increase in the frequency and impact of disasters, which will invariably lead to higher disaster costs, there is an urgent need to ameliorate disaster impact on society and organizations. Disaster mitigation and preparedness are strategies for stemming disaster impact and losses within organizations. Cognizant of the importance of disaster mitigation and preparedness, researchers have conducted a myriad of studies on both concepts at the organizational level. To advance knowledge on this topic, this study conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review by examining the global trends in disaster mitigation and preparedness research at the organizational level, identifying research gaps in methodological dimensions, and recommending future research topics based on gaps in the literature. The authors searched three databases—Web of Science, EBSCO-ProQuest, and ABIinform—for keywords related to the topic and conducted a reverse citation search of the identified studies from the initial search, resulting in a final list of 123 studies. The findings indicate that research on this topic is relatively young and tends to mostly occur in collaborative environments. Additionally, most studies are quantitative and empirical in nature, and much of the research is on North America and Asia. Furthermore, while three-quarters of the studies do not specify a particular hazard type, among those that do, most focus on earthquakes and terrorist attacks in Asia and North America respectively, among other hazard types. This study concluded by recommending areas for future research.

P190 An international modified Delphi study to understand clinical opinion on current and potential future use of Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: global results

Abstract Background/Aims Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have proven effective for many rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). Enriched treatment experience for established indications, case reports highlighting broader use and the availability of new and generic JAKi may potentially shift treatment practice. Defining prescribing habits may help predict the future treatment paradigm and understand evidence gaps. This study aimed to capture the global thoughts on JAKi utilization evolution within (1) current indications and (2) new indications where JAKi may have potential place in therapy as identified by unmet medical need, global expert medical opinion and literature evidence using a modified Delphi approach. Methods Systematic/scoping reviews on published literature of JAKi use in RMDs were conducted to inform initial statements alongside committee clinical expertise. A 4 round online modified Delphi study was then conducted with 178 volunteer panellists (clinician’s providing Rheumatology care) from 23 countries. Global experts formed the academic and steering committees. Stable statement consensus or disagreement was a median score of ≥ 7or≤3 from two consecutive rounds on a 1-9 Likert scale, respectively. All statements were presented in ≥ 2 rounds and wording amended based on panellist suggestions, confirmed by committees. Results A total of 138,118,109 and113 panellists completed rounds1-4, respectively. 20 statements reached stable consensus, and 1 statement reached stable disagreement (Table 1), categorised into: Current Uses of JAKi, Potential uses of JAKi beyond currently approved indications, Potential uses of a specific class of JAKi: TYK2 inhibitors or Acquisition and access to JAKi. Clinicians provided 258 statement comments/suggestions. Conclusion This study highlights global expert consensus characterisation of current uses and the evolution of JAKi use in RMDs. Clinicians were in consensus that JAKi have an important role in current indications and generic JAKi may lead to their wider use/broaden the indications for which they are utilised. Clinicians were hesitant to use JAKi without phase 3 RCT data. Work is ongoing to stratify opinion across region, income and treatment practice, and explore barriers to access. This study was sponsored by Pfizer. Pfizer employees and authors designed the study, interpreted data, and wrote the abstract. Analytical support was provided by Momentum data Ltd, funded by Pfizer. Disclosure A. Barkaway: Other; Pfizer Employee. P. Mease: Consultancies; AbbVie, Acelyrin, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squib, Cullinan Biotech, Eli Lilly, Inmagene, Janssen, Moonlake, Novartis, Pfizer, Takeda, UCB. Honoraria; AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB. Grants/research support; AbbVie, Acelyrin, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squib, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB. Other; Genascence. R. Moots: Consultancies; Pfizer. Grants/research support; Novartis. M. Ndosi: Consultancies; Pfizer. Grants/research support; Sanofi, Vifor Pharmaceuticals. Z. Rutter-Locher: Consultancies; Pfizer. M. McLean: Other; Pfizer Employee.

Locating the built environment within existing empirical models of climate change and mental health: protocol for a global systematic scoping review

IntroductionWhere a person lives, the characteristics of their housing and neighbourhood environment influence their exposure to climate-related hazards and vulnerability to associated mental health impacts. This suggests that the built...

School violence and its psychological impacts: A comparative analysis in the context of Vietnam.

Globally, school violence affects kids' academic performance, mental health, and social development. International research uses varied methods to study school violence, but Vietnamese studies are mostly quantitative and lack methodological rigor and psychological analysis. Synthesizing global and Vietnamese school violence literature to identify trends, research constraints, and intervention techniques attempts to fill these gaps. This systematic literature analysis investigated empirical studies from Google Scholar, UNESCO, UNICEF, and WHO databases from 2000 to 2024. Relevant studies were chosen for school violence prevalence, causes, psychological effects, and interventions. A thematic analysis categorized findings by methodological approach and study emphasis, followed by a comparative analysis of international and Vietnamese studies. Physical, psychological, social, and cyber school violence exists, with psychological violence being more common. International studies use standardized instruments and mixed-method approaches, while Vietnamese research uses self-constructed assessment tools with inadequate validation. Family environment, peer dynamics, school atmosphere, and media influence are important. Life skills education and punishment dominate Vietnamese intervention efforts, while international programs emphasize social-emotional learning, teacher training, and community involvement. Qualitative research in Vietnam needs better methods and established measurement tools. Effective prevention should move from punitive to evidence-based, multi-stakeholder interventions. Future school violence intervention program evaluations should use mixed-method approaches and longitudinal assessments. This review helps Vietnamese policymakers and educators create more comprehensive school violence prevention strategies.

Social Determinants of Suicide and Suicidality in Serving Military Personnel: A Global Scoping Review.

Nearly a million people die by suicide annually, with military personnel being at heightened risk. For every suicide, about 20 cases of suicidality, including ideation and attempts, are reported. Social determinants of health may influence suicide risk factors, but research within military contexts, particularly in Australia, is scarce. This review aimed to scope global literature and synthesise current knowledge on the social determinants of suicide and suicidality among serving military members, focusing on the Australian military. A systematic review was conducted using the social determinants of health framework to analyse contemporary peer-reviewed articles and grey literature on military suicide and suicidality. Thematic analyses and critical appraisals were performed to identify key themes and assess the quality of the literature. The review included grey literature specific to the Australian military population. Fifteen peer-reviewed articles were included, predominantly from the United States, with one each from South Korea and Israel. Five Australian military grey literature studies were also reviewed. The findings suggest a link between social support, addiction, socioeconomic status, education and occupational factors with suicide and suicidality. This review provides an update on the evidence regarding the social determinants of suicide and suicidality in military personnel. While some evidence links social support with suicidality, the research outside the United States remains limited. SO WHAT?: The review highlights the need for further research to identify effective health-promotion strategies and interventions addressing social determinants in military contexts.

Challenges and lessons learned from global coastal erosion protection strategies.

Challenges and lessons learned from global coastal erosion protection strategies.