Life cycle assessment of diploid and triploid oyster farming: A case study in Zhanjiang, China.

Toosendanin sensitizes hepatocyte ferroptosis via dual inhibition of Nrf2 O-GlcNAcylation and USP7-driven deubiquitination.

Climate change is impacting forests in Central Europe, causing increased mortality and degradation of forest ecosystem services (FES). As global warming intensifies, these effects are likely to worsen, particularly through more severe droughts and increased biotic disturbances. Understanding how forests respond to different levels of warming is essential for adaptation planning. Therefore, this study analyzed changes in forest structure and FES, including timber production, climate change mitigation, recreation, and structural diversity, under three global warming scenarios. Using the LandClim model, we compared warming levels of 1.5, 2, and 3 ​°C above pre-industrial temperatures, based on 30-year periods from RCP data, to historical climate. Our research focused on Freiburg's forests in southwestern Germany, characterized by diverse tree species and an elevation range of 200–1,250 ​m a.s.l. A warming of 1.5 ​°C could temporarily increase productivity, but at 2 ​°C, biomass losses of up to 10% would occur below elevations of 450 ​m due to drought mortality. Under 3 ​°C, losses would intensify below 650 ​m up to 40%, with even drought-resistant species like pedunculate oak experiencing mortality. At higher elevations, bark beetle outbreaks caused mortality of Norway spruce, while European beech capitalized on the changing ecological conditions. Higher warming levels significantly deteriorated FES, particularly timber production, climate change mitigation, and structural diversity, while recreation was less affected. These findings emphasize the urgency of meeting Paris Agreement targets, as limiting warming below 2 ​°C can reduce severe impacts. If warming exceeds this critical threshold, even species presently considered drought-resistant, such as native sessile and pedunculate oaks and non-native red oak, could face serious threats at lower elevations. This would undermine the effectiveness of current management strategies, as these tree species are key to providing multiple FES.

5-Aza-CdR increases expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1 via upregulation of miR-126 through promoter hypomethylation in HMEC-1 cells.

The research investigates the relationship between green finance and sustainable industrialization based on 268 countries from the period 2001- 2024 via statistical regression models. The findings show the positively impact of green finance on sustainable industrialization. Overall, the findings confirm that green finance is a vital tool for promoting sustainable industrialization and supporting long-term sustainable development at the global level by aligning financial resources with environmental objectives. The findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers and financial institutions seeking to advance sustainable industrial development at the global level by supporting more informed policy formulation, stronger regulatory frameworks, and better-targeted investment choices that balance economic growth with environmental sustainability.

On April 9, 2025, the international forum entitled “Towards a New World Order”, jointly organized by the Center for the Analysis of International Relations and ADA University at ADA University, held significant importance in terms of discussing the pressing issues of the contemporary international relations system. Representatives from more than 80 countries, as well as experts from think tanks and leading institutes, participated in the forum and exchanged views on global security, regional stability, energy and transportation projects, as well as interstate cooperation. The programmatic speech delivered by President Ilham Aliyev at the forum stood out with its strategic theses concerning both regional and global politics. He presented a comprehensive position on Azerbaijan’s international initiatives, the new geopolitical realities in the South Caucasus, the normalization of relations with Armenia, the challenges of the post-conflict period, the strengthening of unity in the Turkic world, and Azerbaijan’s contributions to global energy security. The President’s views provided practical directions for both regional integration and prospects of international cooperation. The article analyzes the analytical significance of the forum, Azerbaijan’s mediation initiatives, the principled position demonstrated during its chairmanship of the Non-Aligned Movement, the integration initiatives within the framework of the Organization of Turkic States, as well as the steps taken towards the signing of a peace agreement with Armenia. The analysis of the forum shows that Azerbaijan has become an important actor at both the global and regional levels, consolidating its role as an initiator of political dialogue and security cooperation.

ABSTRACT This study seeks to explore the interplay between music and sport by interrogating the evolution, composition, and nature of FIFA World Cup theme songs to uncover their nature, logic, and effect on global politics. For it is my contention that just like the football matches, World Cup music embodies a double performance, in which, on the one hand, liberal international ideals are perpetuated in a spirit of ‘euphoric utopianism’, while on the other hand, they silence the ‘dysphoric dystopian’ realities affecting all nations. This paper explicates how the lyrics, rhythms, and beats of World Cup theme songs create both imagined and unimaginable communities. They can unite all people at the local and global level, while simultaneously reinforcing interstellar gaps of people with vastly different lifestyles and socio-economic experiences. In sum, FIFA World Cup theme songs essentially create a ‘loud silence’.

ABSTRACT This theoretical paper departs from the premise that local forms of adventure are often at risk of being erased or appropriated by colonial-capitalist systems such as tourism or the adventure sport industry. This phenomenon usually sidelines the needs of local communities and jeopardises the health of local ecosystems in the process. In suggesting that part of the problem lies in how the connection between adventure, place and culture is often theorised, the author goes on to introduce the term ‘Adventure Monuments’ – a concept that frames places of adventure as materially vibrant and challenges capitalist narratives that primarily view adventure as a human spectacle or commodity. Framing places as adventure monuments centres their material significance as relational and political spaces where adventure has been slowly co-authored by human and nonhuman agents. This approach draws from posthuman discourse to frame adventure, place and culture as mutually constitutive agencies that jointly evolve and become within a complex weave of relations involving multiple human and non-human actors. After its key theoretical premises are discussed, this perspective is applied to a case (The Trampolino of Rhodes) to demonstrate its epistemological value and how it can contribute to the wider effort to decolonise adventure at both local and global levels.

Objective To construct the symptom network of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and perform association rule analysis for each symptom cluster, identify core symptoms, and explore the sentinel symptoms, to provide references for accurate and efficient symptom management. Methods Convenience sampling was employed. Eligible elderly patients with T2DM were enrolled from the department of endocrinology, affiliated hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, from March 2024 to July 2024, with data collected using the Chinese Version of Diabetes Symptom Checklist-Revised (DSC-R). The correlation was analyzed using the Apriori algorithm model to identify the sentinel symptoms of each symptom cluster, and the core symptom was identified based on the network analysis method. Results The most prevalent symptoms were thirst and dry mouth (71.69%), general fatigue (70.78%), and frothy urine (69.58%). Regarding symptom burden severity, general fatigue (2.48 ± 1.89), asthenia (2.42 ± 1.94), and insomnia (2.39 ± 1.98) had the highest scores. Sentinel symptoms, including excessive sleepiness, limb numbness, limb swelling, and polydipsia, are characteristic manifestations of distinct symptom clusters: psychological cognition symptom cluster, peripheral nerve symptom cluster, nephropathy symptom cluster, and hyperglycemia symptom cluster. At the global level, general fatigue (r s = 1.207) emerged as the core symptom. Conclusion This study identifies general fatigue as the core symptom, with excessive sleepiness, limb numbness, limb swelling, and polydipsia emerging as sentinel symptoms, within their respective symptom clusters. From the perspective of symptom network analysis and sentinel symptoms, clinical staff can develop accurate and efficient intervention measures to improve the efficiency of symptom management and reduce the burden of symptoms in elderly patients with T2DM.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in sustainability reporting. The main focus is on how AI can improve quality, efficiency, and transparency, as well as the challenges that arise in the application of AI in sustainability reporting. Methodology/approach: The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with three stages: planning, implementation, and reporting over the past five years (2020-2025) from 1,087 initial articles. After the PRISMA process, 30 relevant articles were selected and analyzed. Results/Findings: The study found that the benefits of AI include improved efficiency and accuracy, management of big data, enhancement of transparency and accountability, and aiding in sustainable decision-making. The main challenges of this research are algorithm bias, personal data protection, cost and technology constraints, and the lack of global standards in AI-based reporting. Conclusions: AI has the potential to improve quality and transparency through automation, predictive analysis, and efficient data management. However, its implementation requires regulations, guidelines, and ESG standardization. Limitations: Most studies originate from developed countries, while developing countries contribute relatively little. Contributions: This research highlights the importance of regulation and standardization in the implementation of AI in sustainable financial reporting. It describes the current state of affairs and provides a strong foundation for further research and policy formulation at the global level.

Urban expansion presents significant challenges and opportunities for ecological conservation in developing countries, particularly in regions such as the Table Bay Nature Reserve in Cape Town, South Africa, where urban development interfaces with sensitive ecosystems. This article examines the complex dynamics between urban growth and ecological implications in this unique landscape, employing multi-temporal remote sensing techniques to analyze changes over time. By investigating the historical trajectory of urbanization in Table Bay, alongside its impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services, we aim to underscore the urgent need for sustainable urban planning and conservation strategies. To analyze land use/land cover (LULC) dynamics over a 24-year period, this study leveraged a time series of satellite imagery processed within the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Data can be accessed using their respective collection IDs within the GEE platform. The use of remote sensing tools aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15, which focuses on the protection, restoration, and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems. Urban encroachment analysis indicates that approximately 0.324 km2 of built-up area expanded directly within the reserve boundary, highlighting a measurable degree of infringement into protected zones. The dominance of built-up and bare land classes highlights the early encroachment of urban infrastructure and anthropogenic disturbance, setting the stage for subsequent land cover transformations observed in later years (2012 and 2024). These findings demonstrate a persistent trend of urban encroachment and ecological alteration within the Table Bay Nature Reserve. With the increase in global population levels, urban expansion into protected conservation areas has become a critical environmental concern, threatening biodiversity globally. This challenge is particularly acute in developing countries as seen in regions like the Table Bay Nature Reserve in Cape Town, South Africa, where urban development is interfaced with sensitive ecosystems.

Organizational maturity models are widely used to assess stages of institutional development across domains such as quality management, digital transformation, shared services, and enterprise operations. Yet many assessment operationalizations rely on compensatory aggregation (e.g., weighted averages or composite indices), allowing localized strengths to obscure structural fragilities in interdependent systems. This paper formalizes a non-compensatory structural principle: under structural interdependence, the global level of institutional maturity cannot exceed the maturity of the least consolidated critical competency within the system.

Substantial efforts have been made, at national and global levels, to prevent human trafficking, protect trafficking victims, and prosecute perpetrators. While considerable literature is available on trafficking victims, there is scant research on perpetrators of human trafficking (or traffickers). Human trafficking cannot be suitably addressed if traffickers continue to be overlooked in research and services. It is important to explore strategies that could help reduce the criminal behaviors of traffickers and rehabilitate them. This article explores how traffickers could be both deterred and rehabilitated through evidence-based interventions similar to those used by law enforcement for other offenses, such as gang violence and drug trafficking. The article explores an innovative hybrid framework combining focused deterrence (FD), the risk–-need–responsivity (RNR) model, and the Good Lives Model (GLM) as a promising, integrative intervention strategy not only to deter but also to potentially support the rehabilitation of trafficking perpetrators. Potential challenges of this hybrid framework and strategies for overcoming them are examined. Implications for policy, practice, and research are discussed.

Abstract This case study presents an first in the world of its kind, innovative product Idea and a sustainable venture. A business that transforms sugarcane waste (bagasse) into eco-friendly incense sticks. Our startup revolves around the principles of Business 5.0 by integrating humancentric design, Product innovation, and a strong commitment to environmental and social sustainability. This work explores how our business addresses critical global sustainable development goals defined by the United Nations, such as waste management, deforestation, and poverty alleviation, paving the new path for the incense industry on a global level. Keywords: Business 5.0, Innovation, Incense, Sugarcane waste, SDGs

N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) is a prevalent RNA modification that governs RNA metabolism, structure, stability, and translation. Yet its cancer-wide landscape and functional impact remain largely unexplored. Here, we delineate the m1A regulatory network in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). The dominant m1A writer of TRMT6 emerged as the most up-regulated regulator in LUSC through a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis; both TRMT6 expression and global m1A levels significantly distinguished LUSC from normal tissue, serving as potent diagnostic biomarkers. Functionally, TRMT6 installs m1A marks and facilitates their cellular export. Both the in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that TRMT6 accelerates LUSC proliferation by orchestrating cell-cycle gene expression. Mechanistically, TRMT6 binds cell-cycle transcripts, most notably TOPBP1 and DSN1, promotes the formation of m1A, and stabilizes these mRNAs via the YTHDF3 reader pathway. A single, critical m1A site in each target mRNA is sufficient to boost TOPBP1 and DSN1 expression. Using dCasRx-TRMT6, we further show that site-specific m1A deposition on DSN1 mRNA is a potent strategy to modulate its expression and drive proliferation. Collectively, our findings uncover a previously unrecognized m1A-dependent regulatory axis that underpins LUSC diagnosis and progression.

Land use/land cover (LULC) change significantly influences a range of environmental and socio-economic issues, including climate change, deforestation, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, ecosystem services, and food security, at local, regional, and global levels. In the northwestern Himalayan region, particularly in Rajouri district of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), LULC change has profound environmental and socio-economic implications. Understanding the temporal and spatial dimensions of LULC change is crucial for assessing the impact of human activities on the region’s environment. The present study aimed to analyze LULC change in Rajouri district of J&K, India over a 30-year period from 1990 to 2020 and to project future LULC dynamics for the next 30 years up to 2050. Landsat imagery with a supervised classification technique was used for classification and generation of LULC maps. Moreover, CA Markov model was used to predict the future LULC status of the area. The model validation exhibited strong performance, with Kappa statistics exceeding 0.90, indicating a high level of reliability in the projections. The results indicate considerable changes in different land use classes from 1990 to 2020. Over the 30-year period, dense forest showed the maximum reduction of about −20.69 Km2, followed by open forest (−15.87 Km2) and grassland (−13.75 Km2). Wasteland showed the maximum increase of about +28.24 Km2, followed by built-up (+17.90 Km2) and cropland (+12.50 Km2). The cumulative impact of deforestation from 1990 to 2020 amounts to approximately 43.17 Km2, while afforestation efforts only managed to reclaim 6.61 Km2 of land. The future prediction using the CA Markov model suggests further changes in LULC patterns, with built-up, cropland, and wasteland projected to increase exponentially by 2050, accompanied by sharp declines in forests. Therefore, policymakers should prioritize sustainable land management and forest conservation strategies to mitigate the potential negative impacts of LULC changes on the environment, ensuring balanced and sustainable development.

Abstract Sea level variability is driven by a combination of processes, including gravitational forces, ocean currents, and winds. This study investigates the contributions of offshore and local wind direction and magnitude to non-tidal residual (NTR) corrected for global mean sea level rise and local vertical land movements along the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts, and their implications for coastal flooding. Daily mean sea level and local wind data from eighteen National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) tide gauges were analysed alongside offshore wind data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) reanalysis. Wind velocity fields were decomposed into 12 directional components (0° to 165°) relative to the coastline to evaluate the directional influence of wind on sea level variability. Annual correlation analyses were conducted to analyse the relationship between wind forcing and sea level variability at each station. Our results indicate that local winds have a negligible impact on sea level variability, regardless of their direction. In contrast, offshore winds account for 30–50% of the variability at ten stations, 15–30% at four stations, and less than 15% at the remaining four stations. Each station exhibited a dominant range of wind directions. Additionally, we identified a regional wind pattern that is temporally correlated with the occurrences of extreme high and low NTR events. These findings highlight the significant influence of offshore winds on coastal sea levels, emphasizing the need for coastal flood mitigation strategies to incorporate offshore wind patterns into risk assessments.

ABSTRACT Phytoremediation has emerged as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach for mitigating heavy-metal-contaminated soils; however, its successful implementation depends critically on the selection of suitable native plant species. This study evaluated the phytoremediation potential of four native species Nepenthes reinwardtiana, Arundina graminifolia, Melastoma malabathricum, and Elephantopus scaber at the former Mamut Copper Mine (MCM), Ranau, Sabah, Malaysia. Soil contamination status and plant metal uptake were assessed through tissue metal concentrations, biological accumulation coefficient (BAC), biological concentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF). The soils were severely contaminated, with mean concentrations of Cr, Co, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn exceeding global background levels. Iron showed the highest concentration in the studied soil with the value of 2502.61 mg kg−1. Metal accumulation differed significantly among species (p < .001). E. scaber exhibited the highest foliar concentrations of Cu (71.70 mg kg−1), Ni (46.41 mg kg− 1), and Pb (29.15 mg kg−1), together with consistently elevated BAC, BCF, and TF values, indicating strong multi-metal uptake and efficient translocation. In contrast, N. reinwardtiana, A. graminifolia, and M. malabathricum displayed limited metal translocation and greater root retention, supporting their suitability for phytostabilization. Overall, this study identifies E. scaber as a promising, previously under-recognized candidate for broad-spectrum phytoextraction, while highlighting the complementary role of native species assemblages for integrated phytomanagement of metal-contaminated mine soils.

Burden of maternal disorders in China, 1990-2021: a comparative analysis with global data based on GBD 2021.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting 11%-13% globally and representing a primary cause of anovulatory infertility, with substantial socioeconomic disparities influencing its worldwide burden. However, data on temporal trends, regional variations, and sociodemographic drivers of PCOS are limited. We aimed to evaluate global, regional, and national PCOS trends from 1990 to 2021 and project future impacts to 2050. In this trend analysis based on the 2021 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study, we report on the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) rates per 100,000 individuals, as well as average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) for PCOS at the global, regional, and national levels. We analyzed these trends by age, SDI, and reproductive outcomes using age-period-cohort (APC) modelling, decomposition, inequality analysis, and Bayesian projections. From 1990 to 2021, global PCOS prevalent cases increased from 36.65 million to 69.47 million (89.6% rise), with an age-standardised prevalence rate (ASPR) of 1757.8 per 100,000 in 2021 (AAPC 0.81 [95% CI 0.77-0.85]). High-middle SDI regions exhibited the highest burden (ASPR: 5237.6 per 100,000), while low-SDI regions showed the steepest rise (AAPC: 2.22). Infertility accounted for the majority of YLDs, peaking at ages 25-29. Socioeconomic inequalities decreased (Slope Index of Inequality from 28.55 to 22.28). Projections indicate 103.91 million cases by 2050. From 1990 to 2021, global PCOS burden increased substantially, with marked socioeconomic and regional disparities. This underscores the need for enhanced screening, personalised treatments, and targeted interventions in low-SDI regions to promote reproductive health equity.