Among the more than 500 million tweets generated daily, a considerable number reflect public perspectives on global socio-political events such as the Russia–Ukraine War. Analyzing sentiment at this scale manually is time-consuming, inconsistent, and unsuitable for real-time decision-making. To overcome these limitations, this study presents a hybrid deep learning framework for automated sentiment analysis of Twitter discussions related to the Russia–Ukraine conflict. The approach begins with comprehensive Natural Language Processing (NLP) preprocessing, including tokenization, stopword removal, normalization, and lemmatization, followed by Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) to analyze sentiment distribution, word frequency patterns, and textual trends. Context-aware semantic representations are generated using Distilled Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach (DistilRoBERTa), which offers efficient and lightweight transformer-based embeddings with reduced computational cost. To handle class imbalance and enhance minority class prediction, KMeans-Synthetic Minority Over Sampling Technique (SMOTE) is applied for synthetic data generation. For comparative evaluation, traditional classifiers such as Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine Classifier (SVC), and Random Forest Classifier (RFC) are utilized. The proposed model combines a Deep Neural Network (DNN) for effective feature learning with a Greedy Tree-based classifier (GTC) to improve classification performance and generalization capability. The resulting system, named “Semantic Distil Deep Tree (SDDT),” demonstrates superior performance over baseline models in terms of accuracy and F1-score. Overall, the proposed framework delivers a scalable, efficient, and dependable solution for real-time sentiment monitoring, aiding policymakers, researchers, and analysts in understanding public opinion on global conflicts.

Earthquake magnitude is controlled by where and when rupture propagation stops. Yet rupture arrest has rarely been directly observed in near-field seismic records of natural earthquakes. Here we present systematic near-field observations of ground-motion stopping phases from large strike-slip earthquakes. Analysis of 12 global events shows that transient overshoot in fault-parallel ground surface displacement is a robust diagnostic signature of abrupt termination of rupture propagation. Dynamic rupture simulations reveal that near-field ground motions are strongly amplified by low wavespeed rocks at shallow depth, which enhance the amplitude of displacement overshoot recorded at the surface. The occurrence of stopping phases at near-fault locations far from mapped rupture termini implies that large strike-slip earthquakes rupture in a segmented manner, with dynamic rupture propagation punctuated by abrupt arrest and reinitiation at internal fault-segment boundaries.

A financial network represents stocks as nodes linked by correlations, reflecting the complex and dynamic nature of stock markets. While financial network analysis has been widely used to study market behaviour during major global events, limited attention has been given to structural changes in the Malaysian equity market during domestic political episodes. This study addresses this gap by examining network topology shifts surrounding the 2023 Malaysian State Elections, a period marked by heightened political fragmentation and uncertainty. The analysis focuses on the top 30 companies of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI. Daily closing prices are examined over a window spanning one month before and one month after the elections, from 11 July 2023 to 13 September 2023. The elections covered six states: Selangor, Kelantan, Terengganu, Negeri Sembilan, Kedah, and Penang. A minimum spanning tree approach is employed to visualise market structure, while degree centrality is used to measure the relative influence of individual stocks. The results reveal a clear regime shift driven by political sentiment. Prior to the elections, the network is highly centralised around Genting Malaysia Berhad, indicating market sensitivity to the “Green Wave” narrative and perceived regulatory risks affecting the gaming sector. Following the elections, the network rapidly reverts to a fundamentals-driven structure centered on major banking stocks, particularly CIMB and RHB Bank, reflecting a return to conventional macroeconomic considerations.

Abstract Detailed studies on conodont biofacies from upper Frasnian to middle Famennian in the Compte section (Central Pyrenees area) allow recognition of different eustatic fluctuations and the Kellwasser, Nehden, and Condroz events. Five conodont biofacies have been identified: Palmatolepis , Palmatolepis – Polygnathus , Polygnathus – Palmatolepis , Palmatolepis – Icriodus and the new Icriodus – Palmatolepis biofacies. The evolution of conodont biofacies during the end Frasnian reflects a sudden regressive episode at the base of FZ13b subzone and a maximum transgressive trend at the top of FZ13b subzone, which aligns with the Upper Kellwasser Event. The Kellwasser crisis dramatically reduces the conodont biodiversity, which recovers during the lower Famennian. A transgressive trend is recorded during the Palmatolepis crepida – Palmatolepis gl. prima zone interval, which may be referred to as the Nehden Event. Within La Mena Formation two regressive trends are identified by sharp conodont biofacies changes in the Palmatolepis rhomboidea and Palmatolepis gr. gracilis zones: the lower and upper Condroz Events.

This systematic review examines emerging threats of plastic pollution to ecosystem sustainability based on research published between 2021 and 2024. A comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed literature named seven studies (n = 7), of which five (n = 5) met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed three distinct categories of ecosystem impacts: terrestrial (microplastic soil contamination), aquatic (marine and freshwater systems), and novel threats associated with global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The highest-quality studies (n = 3) focused on terrestrial microplastic pollution, impacts on seagrass meadows, and freshwater macroplastic contamination. Other supporting studies provided insights into lifecycle impacts and pandemic-related pollution patterns. Overall, this review synthesizes evidence across multiple ecosystem types, highlighting the interconnected nature of emerging plastic pollution threats.

ABSTRACT The Gaza conflict has reignited debates on Muslim political participation in Britain, thrusting Muslim communities into national discourse ahead of the 2024 General Elections. Amid rising Islamophobia and the securitisation of Muslims, the current conjuncture has also witnessed the notion of the “Muslim vote” gaining attention, shaped by global events and their local political resonance. Building on scholarship on Muslim political agency, this article critically examines the notion of the ”Muslim vote“ to highlight contestations shaping British Muslim political subjectivities. Through an in-depth case study of the Rochdale by-election and the General Election – marked by George Galloway′s mobilisation of Muslim concerns – we explore how electoral moments reflect both political agency and fragmentation. Drawing on ethnographic research, we mobilise Stuart Hall’s notion of “the trap of surface,” to consider some of the implications when utilising the term “Muslim vote” for understanding British Muslim responses to political disenfranchisement.

In this review, the formation of the Oort Cloud is illuminated from several aspects. One is the history of the subject with an outline of the fundamental discoveries by Öpik, Oort and Hills. It is argued that the basic reason for judging Oort as the real discoverer is that he had access to observational data in the form of original orbits of long period comets. Further landmarks are identified, like the exploration of the role of the Galactic tide in the supply of observable comets by Heisler and Tremaine, the clarification of a synergy between tide and stars as the reason for a continued, efficient supply by Rickman et al., the discovery by Kaib and Quinn that inner core comets become observable due to planetary perturbations, disguised as new comets, and the demonstration of how Oort Cloud formation may work in the realm of the Nice Model by Brasser and Morbidelli. Further discussions refer to the possible role of the Grand Tack model in Oort Cloud formation and recent developments like Pan-STARRS in obtaining better data on very distant comets and Gaia in identifying stellar encounters in the close past and future with ensuing, important modifications of the Oort Cloud. It is finally argued that an important Galactic sculpting has occurred since the primordial Oort Cloud was formed by means of global shake-up events resulting from impulses imparted to the Sun by external perturbers like massive stars or Giant Molecular Clouds, and that this may be the real reason for the survival of an outer halo that reveals the existence of the Oort Cloud through the Oort spike.

This manuscript, co-created by researchers and people living with dementia and their care partners, explores how engagement with lived experience can transform conventional, deficit-based understandings of dementia—often defined by what is lost. While clinically useful, this framing can obscure the richness, resilience, and relational depth present in the lives of people living with dementia. Drawing on a collaborative and reflective process inspired by participation in Walking the Talk for Dementia 2025—a global immersive event that brought together people with lived experience of dementia, researchers, advocates, clinicians, and artists—the paper challenges traditional narratives of dementia. Through in-person and virtual discussions and documented reflections, the team conducted a qualitative thematic analysis to identify key insights. Three themes emerged: (1) ‘Dementia Reimagined’, highlighting personal and professional transformation and new identities; (2) ‘Flourishing through Creativity and Resilience’, illustrating humor, creativity, leadership, and authentic connection; and (3) ‘Dementia as a Catalyst for Love and Understanding’, emphasizing enduring love and deepened empathy within families and communities. These findings demonstrate that living with dementia can foster resilience, creativity, and meaningful human connection. This experiential, co-produced approach reframes dementia beyond deficit-based models, offering transformative insights that can inform person-centered care practices, policy development, and increase awareness.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the most challenging global events for architecture. It has had profound impacts on architectural processes, priorities, and clients' demands. In response, this study explores the changes in the field of architecture caused by the ongoing pandemic. The research utilizes a mixed-method strategy, encompassing literature analysis, a primary survey (n=109), a case study analysis, and an interview. The results show a substantial tendency towards designing health-focused buildings, where ventilation, sanitation, and flexibility are prioritized. Moreover, the usage of digital technologies and interdisciplinary cooperation is becoming more prevalent. It should be noted that the design techniques developed amid the pandemic will remain relevant in the future, setting new standards in the field.

This study explores how global geopolitical events influence the availability and affordability of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) for households in Mumbai. It focuses on how people respond to changes in fuel supply, particularly in relation to their income levels and daily cooking practices. Data was collected from 52 respondents across different socioeconomic backgrounds. The findings show that although a large number of respondents believe that global events affect LPG prices and supply, most households did not face major difficulties in accessing it. A significant majority (88.5%) continue to rely on LPG as their primary cooking fuel, even as prices rise. There is limited adoption of alternatives such as induction or electric cooking methods. However, the impact is not evenly distributed. Lower-income households experience greater financial strain due to rising LPG costs. Overall, while geopolitical conflicts influence pricing, they do not significantly change cooking behavior in urban Mumbai households..

This study adopts the theory of planned behavior to investigate consumers’ purchasing decisions under extreme weather conditions. Specifically, this paper examines how extreme global weather events motivate consumers to consider purchasing green products and prioritize environmental sustainability in their consumption choices. It further explores whether consumers’ adoption of green products enhances their satisfaction under abnormal global climate conditions, as well as how consumer satisfaction subsequently improves individuals’ mood, anxiety, and cognitive states. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized model using data collected from 352 valid respondents in China. As the global community strives to achieve net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050, numerous firms and manufacturers have incorporated green product concepts to advance sustainable operations. The empirical results reveal that anxiety and cognition are positively related to green purchasing decisions, which in turn exert a positive influence on consumer satisfaction. Based on these findings, this study proposes actionable strategies to promote green consumption behavior by accounting for relevant psychological factors.

ABSTRACT Corporate sustainability has become a strategic priority in response to growing regulatory, social and environmental pressures, placing greater emphasis on governance structures, such as board composition, that shape the incorporation of ethical and sustainable values into corporate decision‐making. In this context, this study analyses the influence of gender diversity on boards of directors on eco‐innovation in products and processes, also examining the moderating role played by the environmental orientation of the organisational system. To this end, an international sample of 5340 companies from the Refinitiv Workspace database during the period 2016–2023 is used. The results show that a higher proportion of women on boards of directors significantly drive eco‐innovation in products and processes, while organisational environmental orientation has a positive effect on companies' innovative capacity. However, there is a negative moderating effect between the two variables, indicating a substitution relationship. Likewise, factors such as company size, liquidity and profitability reinforce the propensity to innovate environmentally, while global events between 2020 and 2023 acted as drivers of sustainable strategies. These results underscore the importance of integrating diversity into senior management and consolidating organisational structures committed to sustainability, creating a governance framework capable of generating environmental innovation, resilience and long‐term sustainable value.

ABSTRACT This study investigated whether COVID-19 had a negative impact on the future Gen Z workforce and their perception of a career in the tourism and hospitality industry. Participants rated both the importance of, and the extent to which the industry offers 20 different career factors. Participants included final-year high school, hospitality management, and adventure tourism management students, before and after extended full-time work experience, prior and subsequent to COVID-19. That is, included participants who chose to study for a tourism and hospitality qualification after a global pandemic was declared and having directly experienced periods of lockdown. The most unexpected finding was that COVID-19 did not have a negative impact on their perception of a career in tourism and hospitality. The study did, however, reveal key gaps in what students’ value in a career, and what the industry is seen to offer. As competition for Gen Z workers grows, it could be crucial to better align the industry’s offerings with these important factors. Interestingly, in contrast to earlier generations, Gen Z students are not seen to be adversely impacted by their work integrated learning experience of the industry by internship. They are generally more positive toward the industry than Gen Y.

ABSTRACT Theory and evidence suggest that personal and collective crises can have galvanising effects on society, strengthening people’s emotional and social bonds and trust. In view of recent global events, ranging from the COVID-19 pandemic to more recent social and economic tumult, polarisation and division, including over attitudes to immigration, it might be expected that any positive effects would be unequal and time-limited, particularly for immigrant populations. In this study, a quasi-experimental design is used to estimate the social impacts of recent tumult on immigrant populations in Australia. Treating the COVID-19 and subsequent periods as exogenous shocks and drawing on a longitudinal survey that interviewed respondents over an eight-year period between 2018 and 2025, the extent to which trust in people (generalised trust) and trust in government changed during the period is measured for native-born and immigrant populations. The findings show that trust increased after 2020 for native-born populations, with changes significantly weaker for recently arrived immigrant arrivals. No single factor or set of factors explains the lack of a galvanising response among migrant populations, though inequalities are likely contributors. The results are important for understanding the pressures and strains on intercultural harmony and social cohesion in the contemporary world.

Document-level event extraction (DEE) is a challenging task because arguments scattered across multiple sentences form variable-length event lists. Existing methods often adopt an autoregressive approach, performing event identification and argument extraction sequentially. On one hand, this limits the interaction between global event and local argument information; on the other hand, errors in event type classification can propagate to later argument extraction. To address these issues, we propose an event- and argument-aware attention mechanism to reduce error propagation, and a joint learning framework (JLF) to enhance the interaction between event and argument information. In addition, we design a complete event topology decomposition (ETD) that supports the extraction of variable-length event lists across multiple sentences. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves new state-of-the-art performance on three public datasets, with improvements of 10.6% on the ChFinAnn dataset, 5.6% on the DuEE-Fin dataset, and 14.8% on the FNDEE dataset.

Perioperative anaphylaxis in Japan: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and challenges.

During the 4th Global Coral Bleaching Event (GCBE4; January 2023-September 2025), an extreme marine heatwave occurred on the Bocas del Toro Reef Complex (BTRC) in Panama. We characterized how this heatwave impacted the health and holobiont communities of the stress-tolerant coral Siderastrea siderea at four sites across the BTRC. Tagged colonies at each site (N = 30-53 colonies per site) were visited before, during, and after the heatwave (early May 2022, mid-August 2023, and late April 2024, respectively), and images and DNA samples were collected at each time point. Insitu temperature logger data showed that sites reached maxima of 32.1°C-33.9°C in October 2023, resulting in the accumulation of ~12-20 maximum degree-heating weeks (DHWs). Consequently, S. siderea colonies displayed widespread bleaching (i.e., the loss of algal endosymbionts), with an increase from 8.6% to 33% of colonies bleached per site in May 2022 to 33%-70% in August 2023, followed by a decline to 15%-63% by April 2024. Colony-level partial mortality increased significantly between 2022 and 2024 at three of the four sites, and was observed even in colonies that were not bleached in August 2023. Further, many corals hosting Cladocopium spp. algal symbionts in 2022 shifted towards less diverse communities dominated by heat-tolerant Breviolum and Durusdinium spp., and most of these corals continued to host modified symbiont communities for months. The heatwave also reshaped corals' bacterial microbiomes, including increases in α-diversity and abundances of potentially pathogenic taxa (e.g., Vibrionaceae), and these shifts were persistent following the heatwave. Together, these findings demonstrate that GCBE4 had lasting impacts on S. siderea holobiont health across the BTRC, underscoring that extreme heat events can compromise even stress-tolerant coral species and induce legacy effects that will likely affect their future resilience. Rapid action to minimize further ocean warming is thus necessary to safeguard reef ecosystems.

New androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) in clinical development, including AR degraders and CYP11A inhibitors, largely target ligand-dependent AR activation and have reported antitumor activity in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) resistant to established ARPIs, predominately against tumors with AR mutations. We hypothesized that AR-mutated mCRPC exhibits lower AR splice variant 7 (AR-V7) expression and remains full-length–AR (FL-AR) driven, explaining, in part, the antitumor activity of these AR ligand–binding domain (LBD) targeting drugs. The data herein demonstrate that mCRPC tissue biopsies with detectable AR mutations express significantly lower levels of AR-V7 protein and associate with better overall survival and enhanced sensitivity to ARPIs. This is independent of differences in the total number of global splicing events but may be related to differences in splicing factor expression between AR-mutated and nonmutated mCRPC. In conclusion, AR-mutated mCRPC frequently exhibits low AR-V7 expression, arguably explaining the enhanced sensitivity to ARPIs observed in these cancers. Consequently, AR mutation status may serve as a biomarker to predict response to AR-directed therapies.

ABSTRACT This study explores social entrepreneurship as a catalyst for poverty reduction, using the Christian revival church in South Africa as a case study. Social entrepreneurship is essential for the country’s development and poverty alleviation. Studies indicate that poverty is a significant issue in various countries worldwide. This study argues that social entrepreneurship is well placed to address the socioeconomic problems in impoverished communities. Findings indicate that social entrepreneurship is gaining more significance in tackling social issues and offering sustainable and efficient solutions for social innovation globally, besides transforming the market. Despite the commendable efforts of social entrepreneurs in addressing socioeconomic challenges in Bloemfontein, the extent of their contribution to community development is yet to be evaluated by the local communities. Using original data, this study conducted interviews with selected participants. The study was based on primary data collected from managers and beneficiaries of equality scheme projects for monthly food assistance and the soup project, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the research findings. Considering recent global events, this is a critical area to study and understand. The study concluded that the church’s role in poverty alleviation was investigated, focusing on the Bloemfontein-based Christian Revival Church’s Support Our Societies Everywhere.

The Middle Jurassic represents a typical greenhouse climate period in Earth’s history, during which global carbon cycle perturbations and climatic events left significant records in continental strata. This study investigates the extremely thick coal seam of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation in the Wucaiwan mining area, Zhundong coalfield, Xinjiang, China. Through integrated coal petrological, geochemical, palynological, and organic geochemical analyses, combined with paleowildfire indicators, it aims to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution sequence and explore its response to global changes. The results demonstrate that geochemical indicators and palynological assemblages collectively indicate an aridification trend in the paleoclimate. The high inertinite content and enrichment of combustion-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coal attest to frequent medium-to low-temperature surface paleowildfire events during peat accumulation. On geological timescales, wildfires acted as a significant short-term carbon source, releasing vast amounts of greenhouse gases; however, over the long term, they ultimately functioned as a net carbon sink through the production of inert black carbon, facilitation of vegetation succession, and enhancement of organic matter burial. The Middle Jurassic paleoenvironmental evolution in the Junggar Basin exhibits synchronicity with global climate events, underscoring the key driving role of wildfire activity in the greenhouse Earth’s carbon cycle.