Gladiolus Cv Research Articles

Cost effectiveness of gladiolus production under drip fertigation and planting geometry

A field experiment was conducted to find the cost effectiveness of gladiolus cv. “White Prosperity” cultivation with different fertigation levels and planting geometry at University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka for two years. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. Main factor was fertigation levels at 50, 75 and 100 per cent RDF and compared with surface application of 100 per cent RDF and subfactor was 30 x 10 cm, 30 x 20 cm and 30 x 30 cm plant spacing. All treatments were replicated thrice and data were analysed for each year as well pooled. The spike length, rachis length and number of spikes were found significantly highest in fertigation of 100 per cent RDF with 30 x 30 cm spacing. While the number of corms, cormels weight and spikes per plant were recorded significantly highest in fertigation of 100% RDF with 30 x 10 cm spacing. Whereas, highest net B:C ratio was obtained in fertigation of 100 per cent RDF with a spacing of 30 x 20 cm.

Effect of micronutrients on plant growth, flowering and corm production of Gladiolus cv. summer sunshine

An investigation to study the “To study the effect of micronutrients on plant growth, flowering and corm production of Gladiolus cv. summer sunshine” was conducted in Rabi season during the year 2020-21 at Horticulture Research cum Instruction Farm, Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Department, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Four micronutrients ZnSO4, H3BO3, CuSO4, FeSO4 and its interaction effect at various concentrations with foliar spraying method in addition to this experiment's control included eleven treatments. The experiment was designed with a Randomized block design (RBD) and three replications. The application of micronutrient (ZnSO4 0.4 + H3BO3 0.4 % + CuSO4 0.4 % + FeSO4 0.4 %) with foliar spray (T11) was initiate to be most successful for superior performance of different parameters such as days taken to 50 % sprouting, plant height, maximum number of shoots per mother corm, leaf width, days to open first floret, spike length, rachis length, internodal length between florets, floret diameter, amount of florets per spike, diameter of floret, vase life and yield attributes like quantity of cormel per plant, weight of cormels per plant, number of cormels per plot, weight of cormels per plot, number of leaves per plant, time to spike emergence, days to 50 % floret open, number of floret per spike, maximum number of corm, diameter of corm per plant. Whereas treatment T10 (ZnSO4 0.2 % + H3BO3 0.2 % + CuSO4 0.2 % + FeSO4 0.2 %) found to be more successful for enhanced performance of other attributes such as length of leaves, flowering duration, weight of corm per plant, weight of corm per plot.

Effect of gypsum and micronutrients on spike and corm yield of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus ) cv. Guvari

Gladiolus is a nutrient responsive crop that requires major and micro-nutrients viz. N, P, K, Zn, Mn, Fe, B, along with gypsum significantly improves the growth, flowering, yield and quality of corms. In addition, gypsum acts as a source of calcium and soil loosening factor that is needed for corm development. Hence, field experiment was conducted during 2019-2020 at Department of Horticulture, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India on gladiolus cv. Guvari to maximize the yield and quality of spikes and corms. The treatments comprised of ten different combinations of recommended dose of fertilizers (120:150:150 kg/ha NPK), Gypsum (100, 200 and 300 kg/ha) and foliar application of FeSO4, MnSO4 ZnSO4 and HBO(0.5% each in single spray on 30 days 44, 4 33 after planting (DAP) and two sprays on 30 and 45 DAP laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The growth, flowering, and corm yield parameters were periodically assessed. The results revealed that application of gypsum and micronutrients significantly increased the vegetative growth, flowering, spike yield, and corm yield. Application of 300 Kg/ha gypsum was found effective when compared to low doses. Among the ten treatments, application of 120:150:150 kg/ha NPK + 300 kg/ha Gypsum + foliar spray of (0.5% each) FeSO4, MnSO4 ZnSO4 and H3BO3 at 30 and 45 DAP found most 44, 4 33 effective with higher plant height, leaf area, root dry weight, dry matter production, spike length, floret diameter, spike yield, and number of marketable spikes per plant. The corm yield parameters including corm weight, number of daughter corms per plant, number of cormels per plant and weight of daughter corms were also superior in this treatment. Hence, it is confirmed that the application of 300 kg/ha gypsum + foliar spray of (0.5% each) FeSO4, MnSO4ZnSO4 and H3BO3 at 30 and 45 days after planting P along 44, 4 33 with 120:150:150 kg/ha NPK proved maximizing the spike and corm yield of gladiolus.

Effect of different plant bio-regulators on growth, flowering and corm production of gladiolus cv. friendship

In order to investigate the effect of different plant bio-regulators on growth, flowering and corm production of gladiolus cv. Friendship, the present experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Nandini Nagar PG College Nawabganj, Gonda (U.P.)- 271303, India, during 2019-20.The experiment comprised of three levels each of GA3, (75, 100 and 125 ppm) NAA (50, 75 and 100 ppm) and Kinetin (50, 75 and 100 ppm) including a control, which were tested in randomized block design with three replications. The corms of uniform size were soaked in required concentration of plant bio-regulators thoroughly for twenty-four hours. The planting of corms was done at a distance of 30 x 30 cm and about 5 cm deep in the bed of 150 X 60 cm size accommodating 10 corms per bed. From the experiment it is evident that earliest sprouting of corms (12.95 days), maximum height of plants (88.74 cm), length of rachis (52.52 cm), spike length (84.72 cm); number (16.12) and size of floret (8.71cm length and 5.66 cm width), number and weight of corm (2.20 and 70.33 g) and cormels (27.45 g) with more diameter of corms (8.20 cm) and more longevity of spike (25.50 days) were observed from the corms soaked in 125 ppm GA3 solution, whereas corms soaked in 100 ppm GA3 solution produced more number of leaves (12.41) with maximum size (62.90 cm length and 3.10 cm width). Significantly minimum number of days for emergence of spike (72.66 days) and opening of first florets (81.66 days) were also recorded in GA3 125 ppm-soaked corms as compared to control.

Effect of crop regulation practices on spike and corm yield of gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrids Hort.) cv Sarala

Standardization of the crop regulation practices is vital for spike and corm yield maximization in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrids Hort.). Hence, a field experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design with three replications at Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, during 2019 with the objective to maximize the spike and corm yield of gladiolus by growth regulators and leaf regulation practices done after spike harvest. The gladiolus cv. Sarala was tested with 15 treatment combinations comprising growth regulator treatments of corms viz., 100ppm GA3(G1), 150ppm GA3(G2), 100ppm IAA(G3), 150ppm IAA (G4), and Control(G5)and leaf regulation practicesviz.,harvesting spike leaving all leaves (L1), harvesting spike with three leaves (L2), and clipping leaves at 20cm above the base (L3). The results revealed that the growth regulator treatments, given to corms significantly influenced the growth, flowering, and spike yield of gladiolus. Corm soaking treatment of GA3@150 ppm evinced the best treatment in respect of growth, flowering, and spike yield of gladiolus. Though, the effect of leaf regulation practices on growth and flower yield were insignificant, but their influence in corm yield was significant. The interaction of growth regulator soaking of corms with leaf regulation practices significantly influenced the spike and corm yield. The maximum spike (1.01) and corm yield (1.94) were observed with Corm soaking of GA3@150ppm and harvesting of spikes with three leaves. Leaf regulation by clipping of leaves at 20 cm above the base (L3) had negative influence on corm growth when compared to harvesting of spikes leaving all leaves (L1). The maximum corm diameter (3.25cm) and corm weight (25.4g) were observed with 150 ppm GA3 and harvesting spikes with three leaves. The least corm diameter (2.08cm), number of corms per plant (1.22) and corm weight (17.3g) were recorded with control treatment with cutting leaves at 20cm above the base.

Comparison of Foliar Spray and Side Dressing of Potassium on Growth, Flowering, Productions of Corms in Gladiolus cv. Yellow Stone

Comparison of Foliar Spray and Side Dressing of Potassium on Growth, Flowering, Productions of Corms in Gladiolus cv. Yellow Stone

Effect of pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulators on corms and cormels Producation in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) Cv. Rani

The present experiment entitled “Effect of pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulators on corms and cormels production in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Rani.” was carried out at the Jambuvadi Farm, Department of Horticulture, J. A.U., Junagadh (Gujarat) during 2019 to 2020. The results of the study indicated that, the pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulator BA @ 50 ppm was found effective for maximum corms yield (4.27 t/ha). The maximum cormels yield (2.13 t/ha) was found in pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulator of thiourea @ 3%. While maximum corm average weight (47.91 g) and diameter of largest corm (5.76 cm) was found in pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulator of GA3 @ 150 ppm.

Effect of pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulators on growth, flowering, Yield and quality in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) CV. rani

The present experiment entitled “Effect of pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulators on growth, flowering, yield and quality in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. Rani.” was carried out at the Jambuvadi Farm, Department of Horticulture, J. A.U., Junagadh (Gujarat) during 2019 to 2020. The results of the study indicated that, the pre-plant soaking of corms in bio- regulator GA3 (150 ppm) was found effective for earlier sprouting (6.90 days), maximum plant height (78.74 cm) and number of leaves (13.62). Regarding flowering characters, the GA3 150 ppm responded best especially in commercial traits like spike length (86.82 cm), rachis length (40.30 cm), number of floret/spike (10.63), diameter of 2nd floret (13.09 cm) and duration of flowering (22.34 days).

Techno-economic evaluation of gravity fed drip irrigation and nitrogen nutrition on gladiolus in Gangetic alluvial plains of eastern India

Optimization of water and nitrogen is vital for gladiolus production. Field experiments were carried out during rabi seasons of 2012-13, 2013-2014 and 2014-15 to evaluate the four irrigation regimes (gravity-fed drip irrigation schedule at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 of pan evaporation replenishment, E0 including surface irrigation as control) and three settings of nitrogen nutrition (100% RDN as vermicompost, 50% RDN as vermicompost + 50% RDN as fertilizer and 100% RDN as fertilizer) on gladiolus cv. American beauty. The results showed that under assured irrigation water supply, maximum spike and corm yields, gross return, net return and BCR (3.44) was obtained with optimal drip irrigation at 1.0 E0 with 50% RDN as vermicompost + 50% RDN as fertilizer. However, under limited irrigation water supply, moderate deficit drip irrigation at 0.8 E0 with 50% RDN as vermicompost + 50% RDN as fertilizer was found most viable alternative in deriving higher yields, gross return, net return and BCR (3.32). Under water scarce, reasonable good yields, gross return, net return and BCR (2.62) was accomplished with higher deficit drip irrigation at 0.6 E0 with 50% RDN as vermicompost + 50% RDN as fertilizer. The findings highlight the techno-economic feasibility of low-cost gravity drip irrigation and nitrogen management for efficient utilization of available groundwater and nitrogen resources for profitable gladiolus cultivation in Gangetic alluvial plains of eastern India.

Effect of drip fertigation schedule and different mulches on vegetative growth of gladiolus cv. Psittacinus Hybrid

The field experiment was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during the year October 2016 to April 2018. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Factorial concept (FRBD) consisting three factors with three replications. The treatment comprised with three levels of drip fertigation viz., water soluble NPK @ 200:200:200 kg/ha (F1), water soluble NPK @ 300:225:225 kg/ha (F2) and water soluble NPK @ 400:250:250 kg/ha (F3); three levels of split application of fertilizer viz. 2 split i.e. 30 and 60 DAP (S1), 3 split i.e. 20, 40 and 60 DAP (S2) and 4 split i.e. 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAP (S3) and three different mulches viz. red mulch (M1), black mulch (M2) and silver mulch (M3). The effects of these treatments were noted on vegetative growth of gladiolus. Significantly maximum sprouting percentage, plant height (at 30, 60 and 90 DAP), number of leaves (at 30, 60 & 90 DAP), number of effective tillers/plant and number of total tillers/plant, while number of non effective tillers/plant was minimum with the application of drip fertigation of NPK @ 200:200:200 kg/ha (F1), 3 split application of fertilizer (S2) and use of red mulch (M1). For interaction effect, the result was found non significant for all parameters except number of effective tillers/plant was recorded in treatment combinations F1S2, S2M1, F1M1 and F1S2M1.

English

English

English

English

Effect of growth regulating chemicals on flowering, corm production and post harvest life of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) cv. Punjab Dawn in Bay Islands

Field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons during November to April 2013-14 and 2014-15 in the Division of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair to study the effect of plant growth regulators on gladiolus [Gladiolus grandiflorus Hort.] cv. Punjab Dawn. The results obtained showed that the growth, flowering and corm characters were significantly influenced by the application of growth regulators at different concentrations. Earliness in corm sprouting was observed by GA3 @ 250 ppm (8.7 days). Maximum number of leaves/plant and plant height were recorded in GA3 @ 750 ppm (9.6 and 93.6cm respectively). More number of shoots/corm was observed in the treatment BA @ 75 ppm (4.0). With respect to flower characters, early spike emergence and maximum duration of the spike were recorded by GA3 @ 500 ppm (46.7 days and 16.2 days respectively). Maximum spike length, rachis length, number of florets/spike and floret size (74 cm, 50.2 cm, 14.3 and 11.4 cm respectively) were recorded by GA3 @ 750 ppm. With regard to post harvest studies, maximum longevity of opened floret and vase life of cut spike (3.9 days and 14.2 days respectively) were recorded by GA3 @ 750 ppm .With regard to the corm characters, maximum number of corms and cormels/plant were observed in BA @ 100 ppm (3.7 and 11.8 respectively). Weight of single corm, weight of corms/plant, size of single corm, volume of single corm and propagation coefficient were also maximum in GA3 @ 750 ppm (70.9 g, 169.3 g, 7.0 cm, 79.5 cm3 and 348.3% respectively).

Effect of herbicides on weed control, vegetative and flowering characters in gladiolus cv. Punjab Morning

Effect of herbicides on weed control, vegetative and flowering characters in gladiolus cv. Punjab Morning

Effect of modified atmosphere packaging and storage duration on keeping quality of gladiolus spikes

Gladiolus has elegant spikes with bright florets and good keeping quality. The storage of spikes duringproduction period will be beneficial for the farmers during low production period. Thus, the present study was planned to investigate the effect of long term modified atmosphere storage on gladiolus spikes. The spikes of gladiolus cv. Alexander the Great, harvested at tight bud stage, were treated with sucrose (20%) + aluminum sulphate (300 ppm) for 20 h followed by sealing in LDPE and PP sleeves (25 μm) with and without perforations and stored vertically at 3–4°C for 0, 6, 12 and 18 days. After storage, vase-life was evaluated. The basal florets opened in all sleeves after 18 days of storage. Increase in storage duration hastened the opening of basal florets, whereas packaging did not affect significantly. Vase-life, opening of florets (%), floret diameter and physiological weight declined with increase in storage duration.

Morpho-anatomical changes in gladiolus due to infection by Meloidogyne incognita

Meloidogyne incognita is emerging as a major problem in the successful cultivation of gladiolus. The present study was aimed to study the effect of M. incognita on some plant growth parameters of gladiolus cv. ‘Sylvia’ and to demonstrate the histopathological changes in gladioli due to M. incognita infestation. During the experiment, gladiolus crop was found severely infested with M. incognita and showed significant reduction in plant growth parameters and flower production. In severe infestation, no flower was produced. The histopathology of plant roots revealed that 2ndstage juveniles penetrated into root cortex and moved along the cortical layer of cells and started feeding. During feeding process, they produced some hypertrophied cells in vascular cylinder and hyperplasia in pericycle regions. The hypertrophied cells were metabolically highly active, multinucleate and contained dense cytoplasm. In gladiolus, 4–6 such hypertrophied cells were observed in vascular tissues and stellar region of roots. Though the site of infection was vascular tissue but due to the nematode development and giant cell formation, the entire nematode complex and giant cells appeared irregular in root section. The nematodes damaged complete thickness of roots and this condition lead to the destruction of feeder roots which ultimately affected plant growth by reducing water and nutrient absorption from soil.

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and flower quality of gladiolus cv. H.B. PITT

An investigation was undertaken at Department of Horticulture, Late Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani during Kharif season 2008-09 to analyze the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and flower quality of gladiolus cv. H.B. PITT. In the present study, it was found that the maximum height of the plant (60.19 cm), number of leaves (16.93), fresh weight of plant (274.94 g) and dry weight of plant (53.23g) were recorded by the treatment 50 % RDF + 50 % vermicompost to the experimental plot. Minimum plant height (51.67 cm), number of leaves (13.17), fresh weight of plant (179.79 g) and dry weight of plant (31.15 g) were recorded in the treatment 25 % RDF + 75 % FYM.Maximum length of spike (80.28 cm), length of rachis (41.50 cm) and spike (2.60 cm) were recorded in the treatment 50 % RDF + 50 % vermicompost to the experimental plot. Lowest spike length (72.50 cm), rachis length (35.09 cm) and diameter of spike (1.90 cm) were recorded in the treatment 25 % RDF + 75 % FYM. Thus, on the basis of present study, it can be concluded that the gladiolus crop should be provided the nutrition in the form of 50 % RDF + 50 % vermicompost per hectare for obtaining better plant growth and flower quality.

Standardization of bio-fertilizer and PGR on growth and flowering in gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus L.) cv. American Beauty

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm Department of Horticulture, CCS University, Meerut during the year 2011-12 with 2 factors and 9 treatments, P1B0 (Gibberellic acid@ 200ppm at 30 DAP),P0B1 (Azotobacter @ 0.14ml/ liter water (corm treatment), P1B2 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 30 DAP + Azotobacter @ 0.14ml./m2 (soil application), P2B0 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 60 DAP), P2B1 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 60 DAP + Azotobacter @ 0.14ml/liter water (Corm treatment)), P2B2 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 60 DAP + Azotobacter @ 0.14ml./m2 (soil application)),P0B1 (Azotobacter @ 0.14ml/ liter water (corm treatment)), P0B2 (Azotobacter @ 0.14ml./m2 (soil application)),P0B0 (control). Maximum result were found of days for opening of first floret, plant height, number of florets per spike, spike length and length of rachis at the treatment combination P2B2 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 60 DAP + Azotobacter @ 0.14ml./m2 (soil application)),while the appearance of initial spike, width of leaf and diameter of florets were found in P2 B1 (Gibberellic acid @ 200ppm at 60 DAP + Azotobacter @ 0.14ml/ liter water (corm treatment)) expect number of days for corm sprouting and number of leaves per plant.

Effect of GA3 and biofertilizers on growth and flowering in gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus L.) cv. AMERICAN BEAUTY

The present investigation was undertaken during winter season 2011-12 at the Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Ch. Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut on Gladiolus cv. AMERICAN BEAUTY. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design in two factors with three replications. There were two factor first factor comprised of foliar application i.e. P 1 = GA 3 @ 100 ppm, P 2 = GA 3 @ 200 ppm and second factor comprised of soil application i. e. B 1 = PSB @ 0.11 g/m 2 , B 2 = Azotobacter @0.14 ml/m 2 . The study shown that all parameters were found higher by using of P 2 B 1 (GA 3 @ 200 ppm at 30 DAP + soil treatment with PSB) in comparasion to all individual treatments.

Influence of gamma radiations and EMS on morphological characteristics of gladiolus cv. PINK BEAUTY

The corms of gladiolus cv. PINK BEAUTY were treated with gamma rays (0, 3, 6, 9 kR), EMS (0. 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 %) both alone and in combination including control i.e. untreated. Different vegetative, floral and corm parameters were recorded. The days taken for sprouting of corms were delayed after treatment with gamma rays and recorded maximum at 6 kR + 0.2 % (26.78 days). Duration of sprouting was decreased by EMS and was observed to be maximum at 3 kR gamma rays (100%). The gladiolus plants could not survive in treatments of gamma rays and its combination with EMS. On the basis of above observations, it may be concluded that 0.2 to 0.6 per cent EMS doses are suitable for inducing mutation in gladiolus.