Gifu City Research Articles

The Optimal Cost Allocation For Urban Transport Management

Many researchers have discussed the grounds for higher priority of investment in urban mass transit systems within the context of the Downs-Thomson's paradox. The optimal cost allocation of the introduction of a new transit system between urban transit users was examined as the second best pricing problem constrained by the binary mode choice/assignment model and restriction of the CO2 discharge in the urban transport network in Gifu city, Japan. Results show that the effects of introducing a guideway bus system are limited in the city because its urban transit system is inclined to very heavy automobile use. However, charging for automobile use is possible. Furthermore, if the public transit agency operating the guideway bus system were to be subsidized by profits from automobile charges, substitutable transport modes could be made available for automobile users. This combination policy is the most effective way to transfer urban transport demand from automobiles to the public transit system.

Two episodes of bronchospasm during anaesthesia in asthmatic patients

Two episodes of bronchospasm during anaesthesia in asthmatic patients

Molecular sexing of Japanese cormorants used for traditional fishing on the Nagara River in Gifu City

ABSTRACTThe Japanese cormorants used in traditional fishing in Japan are wild derived and their sex cannot be determined from their appearance. Applicability of molecular sex determination based on the size difference between CHD1Z and CHD1W introns was confirmed in male and female Japanese cormorants whose sexes had been ascertained by pathological autopsy. All of 21 birds of unknown sex reared by a cormorant fishing master were identified as males. The molecular sexing method will provide valuable information on sex differences of wild Japanese cormorants, including tameness, trainability, behavior and fishing capability, as well as for future trials involving artificial reproduction.

Chemical and Physical Properties of Carbonized Sewage Sludge Produced at Various Collection Sites, Seasons and Carbonizing Temperatures and Their Fertilizer Effect on Upland Rice Growth.

Carbonized sewage sludge has more advantages in terms of storage and transportation than dewatered sewage sludge, but no detailed studies have so far been conducted on the former. Dewatered sewage sludge was collected from Gifu City and Takasu Village in Giru Prefecture. The dewatered sewage sludge was heated to several temperature ranges(300-700 °C) top roduce the carbonized sewage sludge. Then, their chemieal and physieal properties were measured. Total nitrogen, EC, C/N ratio, etc. were found to vary with the site and time of collection, and the carbonizing temperature. For example, the total nitrogen content varied from 3% to 7%. Furthermore, the carbonized sewage sludge from Takasu Village was two times harder and 1.5 times denser than that from Gifu city. Thus, the carbonized sewage sludge from Gifu city was higher in porosity than that obtained from Takasu Village. Upland rice, grown in 1/5000a Wagner pot, was used as an indicator for evaluating the effect of the fertilizer. The rice seeds were sown in the pots with different amounts of 300 °C carbonized sewage sludge, 3g and 6g of total nitrogen per pot. Thirty days after sowing, top dry weight and SPAD(Soil & Plant Analyzer Development: measurement apparatus for chlorophyll content) value were higher in the sewage sludge from Gifu city compared with that from Takasu Village. The observed difference in fertilizer effect between the two sewage sludges on rice growth may be explained by their difference in chemical properties and porosity amount.

The Concept & Practice of Health Promotion at City Area : A Case of GIFU City(<Special Issue II>Planning and Practice of 21 Japan Health Promotion)

The Concept & Practice of Health Promotion at City Area : A Case of GIFU City(<Special Issue II>Planning and Practice of 21 Japan Health Promotion)

The Evaluation Method of Traffic Safety Countermeasures based on Intersection Accident Rate Estimation Model in Each Types

In this research, a neural network: NN model to traffic accident rate estimationmodel in eachtypes is adapted to tendencies of traffic accident in each intersections efficiently. Moreover, the evaluation method that counts the saving of damage costs of traffic accident resulting from traffic safety countermeasures in unified monetary index are proposed. In empirical study of the black spots of traffic accident in Gifu city area, NN model confirm effectiveness comparing with traditional liner regression analysis.

体験区画を併設した市民農園の実態と効果 岐阜市の市民農園を事例として

体験区画を併設した市民農園の実態と効果 岐阜市の市民農園を事例として

Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of Shiga(-like) Toxins from an Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Isolated from the Gifu, Japan, Outbreak.

Two Shiga toxin (Stx) genes (stx-1 and stx-2) were cloned and sequenced from a strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157:H7, a clinical isolate from the Gifu City, Japan, outbreak in 1996 (GPU96MM). The 1,257 bp of stx-1 and 1,321 bp of stx-2 genes were analyzed, and each gene contained two open reading frames (ORFs), 948 or 960 bp of A and 270 bp of B subunits, respectively. Although the nucleotide sequences of stx-1 ORFs of this isolate had several nucleotide alterations, the deduced amino acid sequence was identical to that of stx-1 from E. coli (O157:H7) isolated from Canada and stx from Shigella dysenteriae type 1. The nucleotide sequences of the stx-2 ORFs of this strain were identical to those of stx-2 from two E. coli (0157:H7) strains, KNIH317 isolated from Korea and 933.

An optimal road planning system considering with countermeasures of automobiles passing through residential districts

The purpose of this study is a proposal of an optimal road planning system considering with countermeasures of automobile passing through residential districts. The system consists of mathematical planning problem and visualization system using GIS. We combine optimal network planning problem and network equilibrium problem into bilevel programming problem to consider the change of route choice behavior of drivers who travel through the residential districts with and without countermeasures of automobile passing. We examine the system in applying to the empirical study in Nagara area in Gifu city.

岐阜市うずら自然堤防の等高線による発見 地理学と地理教育の研究に生きた別技篤彦の創見

岐阜市うずら自然堤防の等高線による発見 地理学と地理教育の研究に生きた別技篤彦の創見

An Appraisal of the Practice of Improvement Cutting to Enhance In-stand Scenic View in A Broad-leaf Secondary Forest : A case study done in Gifu city

An Appraisal of the Practice of Improvement Cutting to Enhance In-stand Scenic View in A Broad-leaf Secondary Forest : A case study done in Gifu city

Factors Affecting Response to Mail Questionnaire : Research Topics, Questionnaire Length, and Non-response Bias

To evaluate the feasibility of mail questionnaire for eidemiological studies in general population in Japan, we mailed six types of questionnaires which differed in lengths and topics to male residents drawn from a telephone directory of Gifu City in Japan. Those who were allotted to the shortest questionnaire and not responded after the initial mailing were assessed by followup processes with a second mail and a personal contact by telephone. We classified the subjects as early (on the first mailing) and late (on the second mailing) respondents, and nonrespondents (respondents to telephone interview), and compared histories of cigarette smoking and drinking, and environmental exposure to solvents among these three groups. The response rates after the first mailing ranged from 32-54% across the six types of questionnaires. Although somewhat lower response rates were noted for the longer questionnaires, there were no significant differences in the response rates by type of questionnaire. Although the second mailing increased the response rate to nearly 70%, there was a evidence of non-response bias. Cigarette smokers and drinkers were more likely to be the nonrespondents. J Epidemiol, 1995; 5 : 81-85.

Benefit incidence of urban ring road ? Theory and case study of the Gifu ring road

This study aims at measuring the benefit incidence of each socio-economic sector in each zone by using a benefit measurement model and a simple socio-economic model, especially discussing the absentee landowners' share of the total benefit from the viewpoint of the degree of the city's openness or stickliness. The case study is on the ring road construction being undertaken in Gifu City, Japan.

Checking Homogeneity of Frequency-distributions of Daily Precipitation and Their Practical Grouping by Multinomial Distribution Model and AIC

Steadiness and homogeneity of hydrological quantities are mainly assumed in a customary stochastic analysis. This study gives reconsideration to this assumption, through checking homogeneity of shape of frequency-distributions. Judgement of homogeneity is given by AIC on the basis of multinomial-distribution model. If every distributions are judged not homogenous, practical grouping of those distributions is proposed by the same method.Numerical calculation is carried out with daily precipitation in Gifu city from 1891 to 1990. It is shown that six-parts dividing model in order of maximum daily precipitation is most suitable.

Serum Fatty Acid Composition of the Inhabitants in Gifu City

Serum Fatty Acid Composition of the Inhabitants in Gifu City

Serotype Analysis of Group A Human Rotavirus Related to Acute Gastroenteritis in Winter in Gifu City

A total of 348 fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis in Gifu city over three consecutive winter seasons (from November 1986 to March 1989) were examined for group A human rotavirus (HRV) by either a commercial test kit or a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sandwich ELISA). One hundred twelve of the 173 group A HRV-positive specimens were further subjected to serotype determination by ELISA with four serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies to VP7 (ELISA-serotyping). Ninety-one specimens (81.3%) were successfully serotyped: 41 (36.6%) were serotype 1, 13 (11.6%) serotype 2, 27 (24.1%) serotype 3, and 10 (8.9%) serotype 4. The serotypes of the remaining 21 (18.8%) could not be determined. The predominant serotype of HRV that prevailed in Gifu city changed every winter: serotype 3 (63.4%) was most prevalent in the 1st winter, serotype 4 (42.9%) in the 2nd winter, and serotype 1 (64%) in the 3rd winter.

扇状地形成モデルによる都市化現象の社会科教材化に関する一試論

According to the author's observation, the private motorization seem to play a important role to urban sprawl. Especialy, after 1985, we can see these phenomena in the new shopping zones along the main roads in the suburban areas such as Gifu city. This phenomenon is a new type of urbanization.Development of teaching materials of the urbanized phenomena is very important for social studies because the majority of the population lives in urban area and its neighborhood.Therefore, in social studies, it is necessary to develop teaching materials, about urbanization.In this report, the author tries to investigate urban sprawl from the geomorphological point of view. The author utilizes a formational model of the alluvial fan in order to make clear the mechanism of urban sprawl.The ideal picture of this model is shown in Fig. 1.The correlation of many factors between the author's model and urban sprawl is shown as follows:(1) fault mountain=urban area(2) alluvial fan=rural area(3) fan head=nordal point between urban area and rural area(4) main stream=main road(5) braided streams branching off from main stream=lanes branching off from main road(6)tractive force=urban impact(7) characteristics of alluvial deposits=characteristics of urban sprawlThe expansion of urban sprawl are brought when:(1) the bridge beyond the river toward rural areas is built.(2) the interchange of the high way is constructed in rural area.(3) the bypass between urban areas is constructed.(4) a ticket gate at the rail way station is new built.(5) the tunnel through into the mountain toward rural areas is constructed.The author emphasizes the geomorphological point of view for developement of teaching materials in social studies.

The species composition and diversity of tree‐dwelling beetles in deciduous oak and evergreen forests in central Japan; Relationship between the diversity index and sample size

AbstractDuring the period fromlate May through December 1981, tree‐dwelling beetles were regularly surveyed at three deciduous oak and two evergreen forests in the vicinity of Gifu City. Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae were abundant in these forests. The species diversity and the seasonal succession of species were most apparent in May and June. The three deciduous oak forests, with many species and high equitability, showed more diverse community structure, but fewer individuals, when compared with the two evergreen forests. Furthermore, the species compositions of the deciduous oak forests were seasonally and spatially more heterogeneous than those of the evergreen forests. A few dominant species, however, had a strong influence on the community structure. The relationship between the diversity index and sample size was examined. The diversity index changed with the sample size, and the range of the variation diminished as the sample size increased. However, equilibrium was not reached even in the largest sample size used in this study (20 samples). There was a significantly high correlation (P<0.001) in diversity index between the smaller sample sizes (5, 10, 15) and the largest. It was, therefore, shown that community structures can be compared on the basis of the diversity indices from samples of constant size, even when the samples are small.

An Analysis of the ABO Gene Frequency Cline in Japan: A Migration Model

The well known cline in ABO blood group gene frequencies in Japan was analysed based on the working hypothesis of a transient cline formed by the admixture of two heterogeneous populations by diffusion.Mathematically, the model corresponds to solving the diffusion equation with a step function as the initial condition. Using the A allele frequency data, the position of the initial discontinuity in the gene frequency is estimated by simulation as having been in the vicinity of present day Gifu City, and again assuming 20 km per generation of 25 years for a standard deviation of migratory distance the time as approximately 2, 000 years since the commencement of admixture. This and other results of simulation were discussed in the light of possible population movements induced by rice crop farming during the Yayoi era in western Japan.

The Location of Warehouses in Gifu City and its urban fringe

The Location of Warehouses in Gifu City and its urban fringe