German Model Research Articles

A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT WIDOW IN GERMAN, UKRAINIAN, AND ENGLISH LINGUOCULTURES

The paper presents the research of ethnic peculiarities of conceptualization of reality, objectified with the help of culturally marked words denoting a widow, which form the corresponding parts of the German, Ukrainian, and English language world models. The purpose of the research is to give a contrastive analysis of the verbalizations of the concept WIDOW in the German, Ukrainian, and English linguocultures.
 The paper uses a comprehensive methodology that combines the following methods: contrastive – to identify common and distinctive features of the concept WIDOW in the languages under comparison; conceptual-semiotic analysis – to reveal the cognitive mechanisms of the embodiment of the concept; contextual-interpretive analysis – to clarify the peculiarities of the representation of the concept in paremiae.
 In the highlight of contrastive ethnolinguistic studies and theory of conceptual analysis, a structure-semantic reconstruction of the concept WIDOW is performed, and the principles of its semantic-conceptual organization in the German, English, and Ukrainian language pictures of the world are revealed. The set of the conceptual and semantic marks is determined, due to the concept structure constituents (conceptual proper, imagery-associative and value), the main ideographic conceptual domains are revealed, the analyzed concept being axiologically marked and its associative linkage, due to the scope of its conceptual correlates, are determined. Factors that influence the conceptualization of the objective reality by the given ethnic groups are determined. Certain ethnocultural and ethnolinguistic peculiarities and general characteristics of verbalization of the concept WIDOW peculiar to the languages under study are found out.
 The analyses of widow nominations showed the allomorphism of national peculiarities of conceptualization of reality, which are influenced by archetype types, historical and cultural actuality. It is shown that WIDOW in Ukrainian culture can be viewed as a taboo concept which content is marked by negative axiological status due to the socio-cultural views formed in the period predetermining the inadmissibility of its direct naming in relevant social situations.

Formation of Football Talents in the Education System of Germany

The purpose of this study is to examine the key aspects of the talent development process in youth football within the educational system of Germany. Germany is renowned for its high educational standards and remarkable achievements of its athletes on the international stage. In order to accomplish this objective, a comprehensive set of interconnected methods, including analysis, synthesis, and generalization of scientific information pertaining to the specific issue, as well as educational and methodological literature and internet sources, were employed. The study reveals that a successful football career is the outcome of the interaction between two pedagogical systems: one that reflects an individual's educational endeavors and the other which relates to their sporting accomplishments. The step-by-step construction of the educational and sports systems, their common orientation, which enables constant multifaceted control and support of each young talent, optimally coordinates all areas of his life, promotes further harmonious development. It has been proven that the German model provides comprehensive support of the chosen professional path, the opportunity to study in the institutions that correspond to the preferences, aspirations and abilities of the individual. Keywords: Education system, sports training, football, young talents

USING OF EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN THE ELABORATING OF NEW CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF UKRAINIAN HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS

The relevance of the problems presented in the research article is the need to elaborate new conceptual approaches to the physical education of Ukrainian high school pupils against the background of the war and granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for EU membership. The purpose of the article is to study the best practice of school physical education in European countries and outline the ways of its using in Ukraine. The article uses such research methods as methods of information collection and processing, comparative analysis, classification and typology, specification and generalization. The specifics of different concepts of physical education in the EU countries are shown on the example of Germany, France and Italy. The author proved that the German model does not involve state intervention in the regulation of relations in the area of physical education and sports. At the same time, France and Italy represent a model of state regulation of these relations, in the framework of which physical culture is recognizing as having a fundamental social importance for ensuring national-cultural identity. From the pedagogical point of view, in these countries, the health-adaptive model of school physical education takes the leading place, and the sports-recreational model is used as a companion. Germany, as well as the Anglo-Saxon world as a whole, is characterized by a combination of person-oriented and health-adaptive models. Ukraine after gaining independence moved from socially-oriented to a personal-oriented model of school physical education with certain elements of health-adaptive model, which was an imitation of the Anglo-Saxon tradition. Today, solving the task of increasing the level of health and physical readiness of school youth against the background of satisfaction of the public need for reliable provision of national security and protection of the state from aggressive encroachments involves a transition to a socially-oriented model with new content. This model involves the intensification of the educational process, stricter approaches to the physical education of high school pupils in the context of their preparation for potential military service, and emphasis attention on the acquisition of military-applied motor skills. At the same time, it is necessary to preserve the elements of the existing trend towards the liberalization of school physical education, to avoid excessive utilitarian character of the educational process and directive methods of managing educational activity. To implement such a reform, it is important to use European experience. It is primarily about strengthening state support for the industry, expanding the social component in the physical education of high school pupils, developing flexible curricula to which teachers could add their author's components, ensuring the formation of high moral qualities and patriotism in physical culture lessons.

Validation of the multiple disability multidimensional attitudes scale toward persons with disabilities.

This study investigated the psychometric properties of a Multiple Disability Multidimensional Attitudes Scale Toward Persons with Disabilities (MD-MAS), focusing on four types of disabilities: anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), blindness, and schizophrenia. We developed new vignettes describing the situation of interacting with an individual with each type of disability. We recruited 991 participants from a crowdsourcing data collection tool (i.e., Prolific). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four online surveys depending on the disability type. Five MAS models were selected from the previous literature to conduct confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). CFA supported the German model of MAS with a four-factor structure (i.e., calm, negative affect, positive cognition, behavioral avoidance) as a good fit for the MD-MAS for four disability types. High internal consistency was found for four subscales across the disability types. This study modified the original MAS to assess attitudes toward persons with different types of disabilities. The adequate reliability and fit of the factor structure of the MD-MAS same across the four disability types allow researchers to compare attitudes based on disability types. This will provide significant implications for research and practice in understanding the nature of different attitudes by disability types. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

УКРАЇНЦІ В СИСТЕМІ КОМПЛЕКТУВАННЯ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ІМПЕРІЇ НАПЕРЕДОДНІ ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ: ВІЙСЬКОВО-ПОЛІТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The author is focused on how changes in the military and political sphere of the late Russian empire have affected the number, character and significance of the military service of Ukrainians in the Imperial Army. The manning of the Armed Forces of the Russian Empire from the reform of 1874 to the First World War was balancing between the two poles: the creation of conditions for rapid deployment of the army and the consideration of the Empires state-building priorities. Eventually, the second pole turned out to be dominant and became the main for the manning of troops. The Empire Army turned into an instrument and at the same time a mirror of domestic policy. The place of a nation in the structure of the Armed Forces was a projection of its status in the Empire and showed probable prospects for its future. In the last decades of the XIX century the practice of restrictions and exclusion from the military service was finally established to those nations who the Empire wanted to colonize or keep under the rule. Keeping under the rule was guaranteed by placing on the territories of their residence not the multinational contingent of troops (Grand Duchy of Finland, former Kingdom of Poland, Caucasus, the nations of Siberia, etc.). These troops, as everywhere in the Empire, were 75 percent consisted of so-called «Russian Nation». The «Russian Nation» as an intellectual and ideological construction included Ukrainians, Russians and Belarusians. The idea of the «three-part Russian Nation» centrality as the «Russian Imperial Nation» became predominant for the rule of Alexander III and Nicholas II. This meant that Ukrainians completely became hostages of the Empire in the military and political sense. At the beginning of XX century Ukraine was intensively used as a conscription pool district. In 1907, 22,5% of new recruits were Ukrainians. It should be noted that the qualification of Ukrainians as part of the «Russian Nation» and military practices with them have provided potential opportunities for the deployment of processes that were in total opposition to the strategic ideas of the Russian Empire. Significant part of Ukrainians in military units, reduced terms of military service, and involvement compatriots in teaching of new recruits gave a good chance to keep local identity among soldiers. Even at the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian Imperial army still had poor chances to become a «school of the nation» according to the German model, first of all because of the undeveloped system of school education – the basis for the education of the citizens. In the army soldiers were memorizing titles, drill and combat commands, responsibilities in Russian, seared the oath of loyalty to the Emperor. This was not enough for radical changes in their identity. With the change of circumstances in 1917, many Ukrainian soldiers of the Imperial Army had already wanted to create separate Ukrainian military units and quickly joined the Ukrainian revolutionary movement, becoming actors of the collapse of the Russian Empire.

Pozasądowe prawne modele kompensacji szkód medycznych – analiza prawno-porównawcza

The article addresses the topic of alternative legal models for pursuing out-of-court claims for medical damages, taking as its starting thesis the inefficiency of the Polish model stemming from its faulty legal construction. The purpose of the article is to conduct a legal analysis of the Polish alternative model of medical damage compensation, with particular attention to de lege ferenda postulates presented in the legal doctrine. In addition, in order to show the possible directions of legislative changes, the article presents the characteristics of selected foreign alternative models of medical damage compensation, including the model operating in New Zealand, which is an example of a model that can be classified as ‘no-fault’, the German model and the French model. The article culminates with an analysis of the draft of the Law on Quality in Health Care and Patient Safety to the extent that the draft provides for a new legal regulation of the alternative model for the out-of-court settlement of medical damage claims. The purpose of this analysis was to see whether the legislator has recognized the demands for change articulated in the legal doctrine, and whether the draft law on quality in health care and patient safety is inspired by solutions adopted in foreign legislation in terms of the legal construction of the alternative model of compensation for medical damages. The analysis here confirms the initial thesis of the work and leads to the conclusion that the draft law on quality in health care and patient safety takes into account many proposals constructed in the legal doctrine in connection with regulating an alternative model for the compensation of medical damages. It is also clear that the proposed model is inspired by some solutions that have been successful in other countries. Nevertheless, the article distinguishes proposed regulations that may still raise doubts and reservations.

Asymmetric effects of exchange rate on bilateral tourism trade balance: evidence from Turkey

As an emerging economy, Turkey has experienced a significant structural transformation in the last twenty years. Within this period, Turkey has increased to the eleventh rank for international tourist arrivals in the world (UNWTO 2023). However, in recent years, there has been a rapid depreciation of the national currency, raising the question of how this affects the tourism trade. Using bilateral data and considering non-linearities, we investigate the exchange rate-tourism balance nexus for Turkey and its most tourist sender partners by applying ARDL and NARDL modelling. We find that (i) when the Turkish Lira (TL) appreciates, the tourism balance is positively affected in the German and UK models in the short-run and in the Russian and Netherlands models in the long-run; (ii) the depreciation of the TL, on the other hand, has a positive effect on the tourism balances for France and the UK in the short-run. Therefore, either the increase or decrease in the exchange rate (except for Russia in the short-run) affects the tourism balance insignificantly or positively. These findings imply that policymakers should focus more on country-specific tourism policies to attract more tourists to the country rather than on exchange rate policies to manage the tourism balance.

“Quantity Itself Generates Quality”: Family Conceptions Between Catholicism, Nationalism, and Eugenics in Slovakia in the Late 1930s and Early 1940s

This study deals with the intersections but also the unrelenting tension between the Catholic Church und politics and efforts to regulate society through eugenics in order to heal it in the context of the establishment of the Slovak state between 1938 and 1941, which was based on a specific conception of traditional family. In the first step, the discourse of the national revolution in the period of Slovak autonomy at the turn of 1938 and 1939 is analyzed, with emphasis on the requirement of “national health” through measures of so-called positive eugenics. Subsequently, the article examines the efforts to institutionalize this discourse in the context of the establishment of a museum of hygiene according to the German model. Finally, it outlines the impact of this context on the preparation and implementation of the anti-interruption law on “fetal protection” of 1941.

Approaching Apprenticeship in Nepal: Lessons from Dual-VET of Germany

Apprenticeship training is geared towards meeting the demands of labor market which also ensures self-esteem, employability and vocational career development for the individuals. Against this background, apprenticeship is seen as a successful model for grooming the labor force and reducing youth unemployment. In this paper, we map the current state-of-the-art of apprenticeship in Nepal against the dual system of VET in Germany. The central question in our reflection is how common ownership can be established through responsibility sharing in countries, where other governance principles apply and the governance models also differ from the German model. Hence, in the first step, we focus on the origins of vocational training in both countries. We show that the development of apprenticeship has been driven by social, political and industrial needs, thereby getting deeply rooted in society. We show that despite many challenges, dual training in Germany is an important educational pathway for young people to access the labor market and a backbone of the economy. This is different in Nepal, where despite the governance structures that have been created in the meantime, apprenticeship training is struggling for recognition among the leaders, and actors in the economy. We end up adopting the "six central pillars for successful quality apprenticeships" (i.e. meaningful social dialogue, robust regulatory framework, clear roles and responsibilities, equitable funding, strong labor market and inclusiveness) developed by the ILO (2017). We reflect on them with reference to the Nepali case and in the shadow of the German experiences. In our conclusion, we propose to add "consideration of the country context" as the seventh important pillar for qualitative apprenticeship to ensure sustainable development – free of external funding and support.

Growth models and central banking: dominant coalitions, organizational sense-making, and conservative policy innovations at the Bundesbank and Fed

This article revives the comparative political economy of central banking. Drawing on growth models theory, I argue that export-led and debt-led growth models imply fundamentally different versions of central banking and rely on different combinations of monetary, financial, and exchange-rate policies. Historical institutionalists plausibly argue that central banks have learned to pursue these policies because dominant coalitions have shaped central banks’ institutional roles. But since the 1970s, policy activism has become more important. To explain why the Bundesbank and Federal Reserve have come to support the German and US growth models during Post-Fordism, I look at how sense-making processes informed policy innovations. In the German case, the Buba carved out a powerful disciplining role for itself in corporatist coordination, which aligned with the demand-restraining features of Germany’s export-led model; corporate profit expectations signaled economic health. A dilemma arose with deteriorating price competitiveness that the Buba resolved by imposing an export version of secular stagnation. In the US case, Paul Volcker’s aggressive interest rate hikes to eliminate ‘inflation scares’ ushered in an area in which monetary policy became focused on bond market credibility. Greenspan consolidated central banking for financialization by hardening the Fed’s bail-out promise and its focus on ‘wealth effects’.

Dispozițiile testamentare de desemnare a moștenitorului și legatarului (analiză de drept comparat)

"This inquiry deals with a classical question of European succession law, if a testamentary disposition appointing a beneficiary is to be taken as a designation of a universal legal successor (testamentary heir) or merely a legatee (successor in respect of a single item of property). Wills prepared without the employment of a succession law specialist often contain designations of heir in respect of a single piece of property (heredis institutio ex re certa), which raises the question of the legal status of such a testamentary beneficiary (heir or legatee). Following the German and Italian models, the new succession law contained in the Moldovan Civil Code applies the test of the practical intent of the testator (mens testantis): whether he or she intended the beneficiary to merely receive a net financial advantage (i.e. institution of legatee) or to replace the testator in all of his or her legal positions (i.e. institution of heir)."

Interrelationships among lean HRM practices and their impact on firm performance: a comparison between the Jordanian and German models

PurposeLean management is a contemporary management system that firms adopt to boost their performance. Lean management can be integrated with human resources management to develop a new concept of lean human resources management (LHRM). This entails the implementation of several practices. However, the LHRM–performance paradigm remains underexplored in the literature. Hence, this study aims to examine the interrelationships between LHRM practices and the impacts of those practices on firm performance (FP).Design/methodology/approachUsing two equal-sized samples (n = 250 each) of manufacturing firms in Jordan and Germany, this study proposes two structural equation models (i.e. a Jordanian and a German models) depicting the interrelationships between LHRM practices and the impacts of those practices on FP. After testing these models, a comparison between them is conducted, producing findings with theoretical and practical implications.FindingsThe main findings of this study indicate that the average implementation of LHRM practices among German manufacturing firms is at a higher level than the average implementation among Jordanian firms. The findings also support the proposed interrelationships between LHRM practices and the impact of those practices on FP for both the Jordanian and German models.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to highlight the proposed relationships, both in general and in the context of comparing developed and developing countries. Its findings have important implications that can enable manufacturing managers to benefit from the implementation of LHRM practices to enhance FP in different contexts. These findings provide valuable insights for human resource managers and decision-makers and open several avenues for future research.

Bleckblåsinstrument i svensk kavallerimusik under 1800-talets början – en omvälvande period

Brass instruments in Swedish cavalry music in the early nineteenth century – a period of transition
 This article makes use of archival material – early brass scores and financial accounts – in Swedish cavalry regimental archives, providing information about the use of natural horns and trumpets and keyed instruments (keyed bugles, ophicleïdes) and about the introduction of valve brass instruments – French horns, (Swedish) cornets, horns, trombones and bass tubas – in Sweden during the first half of the nineteenth century.
 Preserved Swedish cavalry scores from the early nineteenth century reflect Prussian traditions and show how recent compositions, especially pieces of opera music, were arranged by cavalry band masters and musicians, several of which were members of the Royal Orchestra and thus familiar with what was on the fore in the Swedish capital. Their instruments were of north German models, bought by band masters and musicians and copied, repaired and developed by Swedish brass workers and workshops. Keyed and natural instruments were used alongside the new valve instruments from around 1830 and well into the mid-nineteenth century.

АНАЛІЗ МЕХАНІЗМУ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ТА МЕТОДІВ МОТИВАЦІЇ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ

In the article, a study of the evolution and development of views on the motivational mechanism that would contribute to a better motivation of the holders of human capital to fulfill their official duties was carried out. In particular, an analysis of the term "mechanism" and its influence on the formation of the category "motivational mechanism" was carried out. The opinions and various approaches of leading scientists regarding the mechanism of human capital motivation and the use of various motivation methods that will help enterprise managers to achieve better results are highlighted. An analysis of the internal and external elements of the motivational mechanism was carried out. The main needs of human capital were identified and analyzed and their differentiation was carried out. It has been found that in modern conditions of the development of social and labor relations, material motivation more and more often does not fully satisfy the needs of employees, especially at the highest level of management. Social and psychological methods and employees' desire for self-development, training and improvement in order to remain competitive in the labor market play a significant role in the process of motivation. Foreign models of labor motivation, in particular, such as the British model, the Japanese model, the American model, the German model, the Turkish model, and the possibility of their adaptation for motivating the human capital of domestic enterprises were studied. It was found that motivation as a function of management has a direct impact on the psychological state of human capital. Therefore, every manager should develop and implement in management practices such a model of employee stimulation that would be based on a combination of two important factors. The first of which is the satisfaction of the interests and needs of employees who are carriers of human capital. The second is the implementation of strategic tasks facing the enterprise and subordinating one's own interests to the general ones. An analysis of such methods of motivation as: economic, organizationaladministrative, social-psychological, moral, etc. was carried out.

Kievan Conservative Journalists on the Problems of Education in Late Imperial Russia

Educational issues traditionally lay in the centre in the discourse of the Russian conservatism in the 19th century. Representatives of its different trends (Slavophiles, Katkov’s followers, aristocrates) regularly emphasized that this sphere was the key to resolving most of the problems the country faced: the necessity to develop the country and at the same time to “protect” — not only the existing political regime but also the historical continuity, national and spiritual values. The objects of criticism of conservative publicists were, as a rule, new trends in the educational sphere. However, the methods of dealing with them were perceived differently by different conservatives. In the end, the program of M. N. Katkov, which implied the spread of the classical model of the secondary school and the transformation of universities according to the German model, won. However, it aroused serious objections in conservative circles as well. The elementary school, which most conservatives traditionally associated with the Orthodox clergy, caused the least controversy. Regional specifics also played their role: educational issues were intertwined with the national ones as in the western periphery university and school were perceived as tools of combating “Polonism”. At the same time, one of the first demands of the Ukrainophiles was schooling in the “Little Russian dialect”. The press of the “Russian direction” actively opposed this — first of all, “Moskovskie Vedomosti” and “Novoe Vremia”. The largest regional conservative newspaper “Kievlianin”, founded by V. Ya. Shulgin, generally followed their program under his successor D. I. Pikhno but took a special view on educational issues, while showing a significant degree of independence and even liberalism. The latter was not only a consequence of the personal position of the editors. Publicism of “Kievlianin” reflected the views of the circle of Russian nationalist intelligentsia formed in post-reform Kiiv who managed to help the authorities solve the problem of “de-Polonization” of the Southern-Western territory but played a role in the subsequent great upheavals.

“Kunstiajalugu on ju siinses ülikoolis uus distsipliin.” Tartu ülikooli kunstiajaloo kabineti rajamine

“Kunstiajalugu on ju siinses ülikoolis uus distsipliin.” Tartu ülikooli kunstiajaloo kabineti rajamine

Mihailo Konstantinović o pravu odgovora i zloupotrebi prava odgovora. A kao bonus: moje razumevanje instituta odgovora

Mihailo Konstantinović authored the region’s first monography on right of reply in 1926–1927. His monography promoted the French model of right to reply, as opposed to the German model adopted in local literature, the courts and legislation. He argued that French solution was stricter for the press, but less stringent for a rights holder. He defended the position of the relative nature of right, which could be controlled by implementation of the abuse of right doctrine. The author analyzes: the suitability of the terms réponse and others; rights close to right of reply; the purpose and nature of right of reply; exceptions to the right and prohibition of abuse of rights as subsidiary exception; the special place of right of reply among another subjective rights; right of reply not corresponding to legal binary code, representing a juncture of law and legal indifference; possessory protection vs. personality protection through reply.

Teaching Light Verb Constructions in German as a Foreign Language - An Action Research on German and Turkish Contrastive Teaching Model

Birleşik fiiller yabancı dil eğitiminde önemli görülen fakat kazandırılması oldukça zor olan bir dilbilgisi konusudur. Bu nedenle birleşik fiil öğretiminde çeşitli yöntem ve teknikler denenmelidir. Bu çalışmada, birleşik fiiller öğrenenlerin diller arasında benzerlik ve farklılıkları bulabildikleri Türkçe Almanca karşılaştırma yöntemi kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanıldığı eylem araştırması uygulanmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışma grubunu, 2020-2021 bahar döneminde Marmara Üniversitesi Alman Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı III. sınıfında okuyan 45 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. 12 haftalık çalışma sürecinde, öğrencilere çalışmada geliştirilen Karşılaştırmalı Bileşik Fiil Öğretim Modeli kullanılarak eğitim verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; Karşılaştırmalı Birleşik Fiil Öğretim Modelinin birleşik fiilleri tanıma, yapısal, sözdizimsel ve anlamsal olarak anlama ve cümlede işlevsel kullanabilmede geleneksel çeviri yönteminden daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

Lived multidirectionality: “Historikerstreit 2.0” and the politics of Holocaust memory

This essay assesses the acrimonious debates about Holocaust memory that took place in Germany in 2020–2021 and that have come to be known as Historikerstreit 2.0. These debates call up older controversies, especially the 1986 Historikerstreit (Historians’ Debate) in which Jürgen Habermas took on conservative historians who sought to relativize the Nazi genocide. The Historikerstreit concerned the relation between Nazi and Stalinist crimes and the question of German responsibility for the Holocaust; today’s controversies involve instead the relation between colonialism and the Holocaust and racism and antisemitism as well as the ongoing crisis in Israel/Palestine. As the current debates reveal, the dominant Holocaust memory regime in Germany is based on an absolutist understanding of the Holocaust’s uniqueness and a rejection of multidirectional approaches to the genocide. While that memory regime represented a major societal accomplishment of the 1980s and 1990s, it has reached its limits in Germany’s “postmigrant” present. Yet, as an example of migrant engagement with the Holocaust illustrates, German society already includes alternative practices of memory that could transform the German model of coming to terms with the past in productive ways.

Positive experience of Germany regarding legal regulation of social protection of civil servants in modern conditions of information communications

The article analyzes the specifics of the legal regulation of social protection of civil servants in Germany. The main laws of Germany in this area are given. The content and significance of the legislative provisions on the social protection of civil servants in the modern conditions of information communications are detailed. The positive aspects of the legal regulation of this area in comparison with the domestic experience are indicated. A list of proposals for borrowing such points from national social legislation has been formulated. This is, first of all, provision of their material and social needs, which arise in connection with the restrictions they experience in connection with the performance of tasks and functions of the state. In connection with the fact that a civil servant performs tasks and functions of the state in his official activities, the state must take responsibility for providing him with everything necessary. That is why the principle of retention, according to the German model, should become one of the key principles of public service. Remuneration of civil servants should become more progressive and take into account a wider range of aspects that affect the amount of wages. The importance of each of them for improving the legal regulation of social protection of civil servants in Ukraine is argued. Social protection of civil servants in Ukraine is only partially related to various social risks. The legislation of European states provides for a slightly narrower range of restrictions that civil servants are subject to, defines a slightly wider range of social guarantees, the issues of restrictions and social guarantees are better balanced, and most importantly - the legislation of other countries allows forming a correct understanding of the essence of social protection of civil servants, as a guarantee of their maintenance and maintenance of their families at an adequate level for civil servants to perform their duties professionally. This is the key difference in the legal regulation of social protection of civil servants in Ukraine and European countries, and it is this that must be changed first of all in the modern conditions of information communications and European integration of Ukraine for the further development of this institutionin our country.