German Emigrants Research Articles

German Expressionism in Los Angeles

It was only three or four decades ago that a new modern movement—German Expressionism—emerged on the scene in America, substantially altering the prevailing configuration of the development of modern art. This emergence was due in large part to the arrival a few years earlier of German emigres, many of whom brought their collections of German art with them. Artists and intellectuals in Germany had always been fervent collectors of their own contemporary art, and many of the creators of Germany's great age of the theater, cinema, music, and literature settled in Southern California, where they sometimes sold their collections in order to survive.Thus, when Stephanie Barron, Curator of Modern Art at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, organized the exhibition German Expressionist Sculpture—the first anywhere on that subject—there were many active dealers, enthusiastic collectors, and informed viewers to encourage her. Most of the works in this exhibition, however—some of them heretofore little known or no...

Commodity and Modernity in Heine and Benjamin

One hundred years later, in 1934 in Paris, Walter Benjamin wrote a text for the Institute for the Study of Fascism entitled The Author as Producer. This was followed a year later by The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. These two texts attempted to grasp, aesthetically and politically, new aspects of modernity. They were written alongside the opus magnum, the Passagen-Werk, which was to remain a fragment. Separated by a century, the clairvoyant powers of these two great German emigrants, both of whom were intent on preserving autonomy and distance, have become apparent as a common bond. Both understood, as did few others, how to relate to elements of French intellectuality and make their situation as exiles productive. Was it the parallelism of their lives which compelled the younger man to keep his distance from his famous predecessor?

German Emigration to the United States and Continental Immigration to Germany in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

Upto the end of the nineteenth century Germany was a country of emigrants. Until recently the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century transatlantic migration of more than five million Germans, mostly to North America, has been largely forgotten in contemporary Germany, except by a few historians. That is all the more true for the mass movement of foreign migrant workers into the German labor market in the decades preceding World War I. Of immediate interest in West Germany today is the so-called “guest-worker question” (Gastarbeiterfrage) which is now becoming an immigration issue in contrast to the earlier “foreign-worker question” in pre-World War I Germany. In recent years West Germany witnessed the transition from a country hiring “guest workers” to one possessing a genuine immigrant minority. This ongoing experience has contributed to a new interest in the historical development of transnational migration in both of its manifestations, as emigration and as immigration. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Germany experienced alternating waves of the two forms of transnational mass migration, both of which were dwarfed by the internal migration streams.

Film und Foto

Other| December 01 1979 Film und Foto: Towards a language of silent film Jan-Christopher Horak Jan-Christopher Horak Jan-Christopher Horak is a student at the University of Munster (Germany), where he is writing a dissertation on German emigres and the Hollywood anti-Nazi film. In addition, he and Ute Eskildsen are planning an exhibition of the work of Helmar Lerski. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Afterimage (1979) 7 (5): 8–11. https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1979.7.5.8 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jan-Christopher Horak; Film und Foto: Towards a language of silent film. Afterimage 1 December 1979; 7 (5): 8–11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1979.7.5.8 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAfterimage Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1979 by The Regents of the University of California1979 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Exiles in Paradise; German Emigres in Southern California, 1933-1950

Research Article| July 01 1979 Exiles in Paradise; German Emigres in Southern California, 1933-1950 JARRELL C. JACKMAN JARRELL C. JACKMAN Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Southern California Quarterly (1979) 61 (2): 183–205. https://doi.org/10.2307/41170822 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation JARRELL C. JACKMAN; Exiles in Paradise; German Emigres in Southern California, 1933-1950. Southern California Quarterly 1 July 1979; 61 (2): 183–205. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/41170822 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentSouthern California Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. © Copyright 1979 The Historical Society of Southern California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

German emigration from Russia

German emigration from Russia

The Image of Arkansas in the Early German Emigrant Guidebook: Notes on Immigration

The Image of Arkansas in the Early German Emigrant Guidebook: Notes on Immigration

German emigration from Poland

German emigration from Poland

DECAY, PRESERVATION AND RENEWAL: NOTES ON SOME SOUTHERN AUSTRALIAN GERMAN SETTLEMENTS

IN these days of rapid migrant assimilation, the language of former isolated German settlements, where language assimilation was not necessary, has become the subject of investigations in various parts of Australasia.1 This article is concerned with the final stage of long-standing language contact. Our linguistic observations are based on taped interviews of 15-60 minutes' duration with 93 bilingual informants in settlements in South Australia (S.A.)2 and Western Victoria.3 Speakers were asked to describe some pictures and to talk about their reminiscences (town, fann, family, pastors, school), their present daily activities, and their use of the two languages. 25 of the subjects were from the area around Tarrington, Western Victoria (including Tabor and Warrayure), and the remainder from the eastern part of S.A., which was settled originally by German emigrants. This included 13 from Hahndorf and its environs (Littlehampton, Mt. Barker), 11 from Lobethal and district (inc. Birdwood, Mt. Torrens), and 37 from the Barossa Valley. Of these, five had resettled from old German settlements in the Murray Flats. In addition, seven inmates of the Tanunda Rest Home were interviewed -two from the Barossa Valley and five from the Murray district.' Hahndorf (about 18 miles from Adelaide), the first of the settlements under consideration, was founded in 1839 by Lutheran opponents (especially from the Silesian parts) of the confederation of the Lutheran and Reformed Churches in Prussia.5 Some of the German families then settled in areas with a predominantly English population close to the Gennan village. They generally maintained strong social links with Hahndorf, where they went to church and where they sent their children to school. In 1842 a new group of German emigres founded Lobethal, 12 miles northeast of Hahndorf, and this settlement gradually 'overflowed' to Blumberg (now Birdwood), Springhead, and the 'English' township of Mt. Torrens . . In 1842 began a wave of resettlement to newly acquired land In the Barossa Valley. Meanwhile immigration from Germany

The Novel of Western Adventure in Nineteenth-Century Germany

D. L. A S H L I M A N University of Pittsburgh The Novel of Western Adventure in Nineteenth-Century Germany The earliest known reference to the New World in German literature was made only two years after Columbus made his epoch making discovery, and by 1800 nearly 900 works about America had been published in Germany.1 Germany’s principal interest in the New World throughout these three centuries had been the confrontation of European civilization with the unspoiled savage. The accelerated westward thrust of civilization and the rapidly in­ creasing German emigration to the United States during the nine­ teenth century renewed Germany’s long time interest in the New World and focused it on the plains and mountains of North America. Given Germany's long standing fascination with the New World and with the concept of noble savagery, it is only natural that Chateaubriand’s sentimental depictions of the American In­ dian, especially his first novella Atala (1801), would find exceptional popular reception east of the Rhine. Cooper’s novels, with their appearance of realism and authenticity, were even more popular. There is much evidence to support Wilhelm Hauff’s statement made in 1826, the same year that Cooper was introduced to Ger­ many: “The sources of the Susquehanna . . . are . . . also here on every tongue.”2 Cooper’s popularity has endured until the present day; he remains the most translated American novelist in Germany.3 ^Lawrence Marsden Price, The Reception of United States Literature in Germany (Chapel Hill, 1966), p. 6. *Werke (Munich, [1963]), II, 567-568. 8Price, p. 89. Indicative of Germany's continued interest in Western literature is the list of American novelists who follow Cooper in popularity: Edgar Allan Poe, Mark Twain, Upton Sinclair, Jack London, Pearl Buck, Bret Harte, Washington Irving, and Zane Grey. 134 Western American Literature Germany was not dependent upon foreign writers for fictional depictions of America. An anthology of German-language poems written about the American West and its native inhabitants would include selections by Chamisso, Dehmel, Freiligrath, Geliert, Gessner , Goethe, Grün, Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Lenau, Schiller, Schubart, and Seume, in addition to many lesser talents. There is, to my knowledge, only one drama set in the American wilderness written by a significant German writer, Detlev von Liliencron’s Pokahontas (1904). There are numerous examples of nineteenth-century German novels set in America, most of which take place on or near the frontier. Sophie von La Roche’s Erscheinungen am See Oneida (1798) tells the story of two refugees from the French Revolution, a husband and wife, who establish themselves on an island in Lake Oneida. Fanny Lewald has the title heroine of her Diogena (1847) carry her search for the Ideal Man to the Indian country of North America. Johannes Scherr, a well known literary critic and his­ torian, uses King Philip’s War as a background for his historical novel Die Pilger der Wildnis (1853). Other historical novels about the colonization of America include Heinrich Zschokke’s Die Gründung von Maryland (1820) and Friedrich Spielhagen’s Deutsche Pioniere (1871). A German work that corresponds closely to the American part of Dickens’ Martin Chuzzlewit (1843-1844) is Ferd­ inand Kürnberger’s Der Amerika-Müde (1855), a fictional account of poet Nikolaus Lenau’s trip to Ohio in 1832-1833. An important episode in Wilhelm Raabe’s Die Leute aus dem Walde (1863) takes place en route to the gold fields of California, and the second half of Theodor Fontane’s Quitt (1891) is set in the Indian Territory of what is now Oklahoma. Even those of nineteenth-century Ger­ many’s American novels that are not set in the West frequently contain allusions to the wilderness of the New World. Thus the refugee heroes in Therese Robinson’s Die Auswanderer (1852) plan to build a new life “in the sacred virgin forests of the Far West.”4 (But their plans are frustrated when he is killed in a senseless duel and she dies of a broken heart.) There are also a number of Western characters in nineteenthcentury German literary works set in Europe. It has been shown ^Leipzig, 1852, I, 31. Robinson wrote...

Czech Local Names in the U.S.A.

Czech local names have appeared in the map of the U.S.A. mostly after the great emigration of our countrymen to the U.S.A. Czech emigrants often gave their new American settlements names which reminded them of their old home. These names were the names of places they came from, the names of their nationalities, the names of great people of their own nation and also the names of founders of new settlements (which were not always of Czech origin) or the names of well known persons. The founders of these names were not only Czechs, but also German emigrants from Czech countries; two names were given even by Frenchmen. Nearly 200 local names of settlements in the U.S.A. are of Czech origin. Over 50 per cent of them are the names of Czech and Moravian communities, about 25 per cent are names of persons. Most of these American communities are small settlements. Only 8 of them had in 1960 more than 1,000 inhabitants, but 32 of them had post offices (1964). The local names are mostly in the American form; some of them disappear because of abolition or annexation of the communities. Some of them may belong to the past nowadays, but we can often find them in older literature. The names in this article have the same form which we can find in literature or maps. Czech local names are a testimony of the number, extension and effeciency of the Czech element in various regions of the U.S.A. This testimony will be the memory of Czech countrymen even after their assimilation.

An Eighteenth-Century Account of German Emigration to the American Colonies

RICHARD WOLTERS, Dutch author of the memorandum reproduced below, was one of the most important and interesting figures in the European political underworld of the eighteenth century. He is discreetly listed in contemporary editions of the annual British Court and city register as His Majesty's Agent at Rotterdam, a post which he inherited from his father in 1730, when only sixteen years old. The chief duties of the post were the organization of the rudimentary British secret service of the time in western Europe and the transmission of his agents' reports to the northern secretary of state, and reporting to the British Treasury on financial matters, especially the state of the French and Dutch public finances. These were heavy responsibilities for a boy of sixteen, but he was helped in his early years by his mother, who was a formidably competent woman. So also was Wolters' own wife, who, to complete the extraordinary record of service of this family, succeeded Wolters after his death in February 1771.1 Wolters, as good an Englishman as his birth and love for hi's native city of Rotterdam would permit, served his London masters faithfully and, from his viewpoint, as an advocate of close Anglo-Dutch political connections with advantage to Dutch interests -he was a convinced adherent of William III's system of foreign policy.2 In addition to his able conduct of his main tasks, he managed to find time for reporting on, and seeking to foster, the branch of the German emigration to the American mainland colonies which was conducted under the brutal auspices of some of the Rotterdam merchants. He genuinely detested the treatment of these emigrants by the merchants, who exploited the passionate desire of the Newlanders to begin a fresh and free life in America, and he was well acquainted with their ghastly traffic in human souls. However, his motives in suggesting ways of improving the emigrants' conditions were not entirely altruistic-he sought also to serve his British masters and himself. When toward the end of 1762 he first sent this memorandum to Lord Halifax, then northern secretary of state, it was with the hope that if its proposals were adopted the control of the

Sir Julius von Haast, F.R.S.

SCIENCE in Australasia, and especially in New Zealand, has recently sustained a great loss by the death, on August 16 last, of Sir Julius von Haast. He was born on May 1, 1824, at Bonn,where his father was a wealthy merchant. After passing through the grammar-schools of Bonn and Cologne, he entered the University of Bonn, and devoted a considerable portion of his time to geological and mineralogical studies. He then spent some years in France, and made journeys for the purpose of scientific exploration in Russia, Austria, and Italy. Being invited by an English firm of ship-owners to visit New Zealand on their behalf in order to report upon its fitness as a field for German emigration, he went to London, and accepted their offer after some negotiation.; and on December 21, 1858, he arrived at Auckland. The next day, by a lucky chance, the Austrian ship Novara—then on its voyage of scientific research—put into Auckland; and when Dr. von Hochstetter was left behind, at the request of the New Zealand Government, he took Mr. Haast as his lieutenant and companion in all his journeys in these islands. After the departure of Hochstetter, Mr. Haast was engaged by the Provincial Government of Nelson to explore the west coast of the province, and in the journey undertaken in the pursuit of these duties he commenced his examination of the physical geography and geology of the Southern Alps. The results of the exploration were published in a report printed by the Nelson Government and dated January 1, 1861.

German emigrants in the eighteenth century

German emigrants in the eighteenth century

Preliminary Field Report of the United States Geological Survey of Colorado and New Mexico

THIS preliminary field report makes us acquainted with a vast tract of territory hitherto scarcely known, save to the more adventurous squatters and to the various tribes of Indians who have gradually been driven farther and farther west by the wonderful growth of the United States populations, fed as they are annually by streams of English, Irish, Scotch, and German emigrants. Unfortunately for the Red skins, they are not only hemmed in on the one side by the United States, and on the other by the equally vigorous growth of California and its vast mining and agricultural population; but their territory, only hitherto invaded by the Mormons and the “Pony-Dispatch,”is now cut in twain by the great Pacific Railroad, which, in its course, has sent forth geological reconnaissances right and left, discovering timber here, coal there, building stone in this spot, mines in that, until there is no space left for them save in the happy hunting-grounds above, to which they are fast going, aided by revolvers, alcohol, and disease. Preliminary Field Report of the United States Geological Survey of Colorado and New Mexico. Conducted under the authority of the Hon. J. D. Cox, Secretary of the Interior. By F. V. Hayden., United States Geologist. 8vo. pp. 155. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1869.)