Geographic Information System Technology Research Articles

Spatio-Temporal Comprehensive Measurement and Influencing Factors of the Health Index of Residents in the Yellow River Basin

Health is the basis of human survival and development. It is not only related to quality of life but also guarantees national security and social stability. Under the combined influence of various factors, large regional differences exist with regard to the health levels of residents in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). Here, we took 73 prefecture-level cities (leagues and prefectures) in the YRB as our research object. We constructed an index system and a measurement model and applied geographical information system (GIS) technology and quantitative analysis methods to make comprehensive spatial and temporal measurements of the health index of residents in the YRB and further analyzed the influencing factors. Overall, the health index of residents in the YRB showed a steady upward trend. However, some differences exist across various regions with regard to residents’ health index. The YRB resident health index displayed positive spatial autocorrelation; spatial clustering showed an initial decrease, followed by an increase, suggesting notable fluctuations. With the increase in per capita GDP, urbanization rate, and household size, the health index of residents in the YRB has improved. However, increased wastewater and waste gas discharge has led to a decrease in the health index of residents in the YRB.

A Robotized Raspberry-Based System for Pothole 3D Reconstruction and Mapping.

Repairing potholes is a task for municipalities to prevent serious road user injuries and vehicle damage. This study presents a low-cost, high-performance pothole monitoring system to maintain urban roads. The authors developed a methodology based on photogrammetry techniques to predict the pothole's shape and volume. A collection of overlapping 2D images shot by a Raspberry Pi Camera Module 3 connected to a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B has been used to create a pothole 3D model. The Raspberry-based configuration has been mounted on an autonomous and remote-controlled robot (developed in the InfraROB European project) to reduce workers' exposure to live traffic in survey activities and automate the process. The outputs of photogrammetry processing software have been validated through laboratory tests set as ground truth; the trial has been conducted on a tile made of asphalt mixture, reproducing a real pothole. Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) technologies allowed visualising potholes on a map with information about their centre, volume, backfill material, and an associated image. Ten on-site tests validated that the system works in an uncontrolled environment and not only in the laboratory. The results showed that the system is a valuable tool for monitoring road potholes taking into account construction workers' and road users' health and safety.

A creative approach to participatory mapping on climate change impacts among very young adolescents in Kenya

Adolescent perspectives are crucially important for developing sustainable solutions to address climate change yet remain overlooked in the literature, particularly in low and middle-income contexts. Kenya is an important context to explore youth climate solutions, as youth constitute the fastest growing population facing climate change-related challenges, such as extreme weather events (e.g., droughts) and issues of water, food, and sanitation security. This manuscript details a methodology for participatory mapping on climate-related issues that was co-developed with Kenyan youth and community-based organizations in Kenya. The aim of this paper is to describe the design of a multi-media participatory mapping tool to identify and address the interconnections between social, health, and environmental well-being with very young adolescents (aged 10-14 years) in six geographically-diverse, climate-affected regions of Kenya (Nairobi, Kisumu, Kilifi, Naivasha, Isiolo, and Kalobeyei Refugee Settlement). The authors describe methods used to develop a strengths-based multi-media participatory mapping approach that combines user-friendly geographic information system (GIS) technology with arts-based methods (dance, drawing, music, video). The aim is to share these methods and process of co-development to inform future participatory mapping approaches with youth climate-related issues.

Development of Decision Support System for Solar Farm Location on CPEC using GIS and Forecasting

Due to the increasing expansion of renewable energy sources, it is essential to use effective decision-making techniques when picking ideal places for solar farms. This research uses geographic information systems (GIS) and forecasting methods to offer a decision support system (DSS) for identifying solar farm locations along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Helping stakeholders, decisionmakers, and investors locate the best locations for solar farm projects inside the CPEC region is the goal. In order to examine numerous spatial and non-spatial elements that affect the feasibility of solar farms, the proposed DSS uses GIS technology. The DSS also uses forecasting techniques to determine the potential for future solar energy production. It is possible to anticipate sun irradiation levels using historical weather data and meteorological projections, which enables precise estimation of solar farm output. By incorporating forecasting methods, decision-making is improved, resulting in the selection of sites with high solar energy potential and a decreased chance of underperformance. Stakeholders can effectively interact with the proposed DSS thanks to its user-friendly interface. It simplifies data entry, analysis, and visualization, enabling users to explore multiple scenarios and assess the influence of various factors on the choice of solar farm placement. The use of the decision support system for identifying solar farm locationson the CPEC will aid in the region's continued sustainable development of renewable energy sources.

GIS Application in Environmental Management: A Review

The role of environmental management is extremely important in human life because of its contribution to environmental protection and strategies. In modern society, nevertheless, facing the challenges in land, water, and air quality management in reality is unavoidable. Understanding the information on variability and features of environmental issues is necessary to support decision-makers in establishing environmental management planning. Spatial information and data should be considered as basic initial knowledge of environmental management. Among various technologies, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is known as one of the most popular tools to store, analyze, and visualize data relating to geographically referenced information which can mitigate these challenges more effectively and accurately. The main purpose of this paper is to emphasize how GIS applications in environmental management, discuss the challenges of GIS technology in environmental management, and provide recommendations for future research directions. Many articles over the last decades were reviewed to highlight the application of GIS in environmental management. These results indicated GIS applications support land, water, air quality, and waste management. Moreover, it is a useful tool to monitor and assess environmental quality and in environmental planning and decision-making. For the limitation of GIS application, it is obvious that accuracy assessment and sensitivity analysis should be noticed and assessed although GIS application may strongly support decision-making in environmental management. Emerging GIS technologies and tendencies could help address these challenges. In future, GIS should be integrated along with new technologies and different decision-making algorithms in further steps for developing and supporting spatial decision-support systems more efficiently.

Developing a Web-Based GIS for Tourist Attractions and Cultural Heritage in Oyo Town, Nigeria

This research focused on developing a web-based GIS for tourist attractions and cultural heritage in Oyo town, Oyo state, Nigeria. The study considered the present situation of tourism in the study area as it seems almost dead due to the lack of awareness programmes to push the state's tourism to the world market. Before tourism can be well-accepted by all and sundry, understanding the locations of the various tourist attractions need to be made known. The town lacks an up-to-date tourist guide map, including the non-availability of digital information for tourism. The study aimed at developing a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) for tourist attractions and cultural heritage in Oyo town. The methodology involved database design and creation, satellite image georeferencing and onscreen digitizing in ArcGIS 10.8, spatial analysis, and publishing of a web map in ArcGIS online. Products generated included tourist maps, digital road network maps, and other thematic maps showing hotels, restaurants, markets, and police stations. The paper recommended that government should properly document all the tourist sites in Oyo town, develop a functional tourism database using GIS technology to better enhance the tourist experience, and that detailed information about tourism activities should be easily made available and accessible from the tourism database.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR MARINE APPLICATIONS

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are special class of information systems which combine spatial and non-spatial information systems within a single system. It is a type of information system that collects, stores, retrieves, analyzes and displays geographically referenced and attribute data simultaneously. GIS is a decision tool that helps decision makers and facilitate decision making process. The usage of GIS for land problems began about 1960s, but application of it to sea problem was in the 1980s. Marine GIS gained a substantial significance in the 1990s with the emergence and popularity of Earth System Science.The aim of this study is to examine the usage of GIS in marine areas and to highlight the importance of GIS technology for marine applications. All of these concepts were examined in a theoretical framework in the study. So the method of the study is a literature review. With the literature review, the concept of GIS and its application in marine areas were tried to be explained. After reviewing literature it is concluded that marine GIS can give different perspectives to marine scientists for solving marine-related problems and facilitating decision making process.

Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis based on Grain Yield Data in Shaanxi Province

This article embarks from the spatial analysis of geographic information system technology, the yield of grain yield data abstraction into planar data form in the GIS, by using geological data model to analyze the space of per unit area yield of grain production since the correlation. Spatial autocorrelation is mainly characterized by spatial autocorrelation coefficient, mainly divided into the global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation two categories, the use of global and local Morans' I analysis method and Morans scatter diagram to analyze the specific statistical standard per unit area yield of grain yield change trend of Shaanxi province.

Research on optimal path planning technology for vehicle positioning and navigation system

Abstract Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is created in the context of the full development and progress of contemporary science and technology, aiming to help people make the best choice, drive the best vehicle, and control the best road network traffic. Intelligent vehicle positioning and navigation system is a high-tech integrated system that applies automatic vehicle positioning technology, geographic information system and database technology, computer technology, multimedia technology, and modern communication technology. In this paper, based on the research of GPS and GIS technology, by analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different optimal path planning algorithms, we propose to optimize the A* algorithm by using the minimum heap sorting method for nodes and combining the twoway search and hierarchical search strategies to complete the improvement of the A* algorithm. The experimental results show that the path search speed of the improved algorithm has been significantly improved and the path design optimization is obvious. The improvement algorithm proposed in this paper is feasible and reasonable, which is good for upgrading the in-vehicle navigation system and relieving urban traffic congestion.

Groundwater Potential Mapping using Geospatial and AHP Techniques in Eastern Province of Rwanda

The article presents an analysis of the potential groundwater recharge zones in the Eastern Province of Rwanda using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the area are influenced by several factors. To conduct the spatial analysis, seven theme layers were created and integrated, including geology, drainage density, rainfall, slope, soil, land use and land cover (LULC), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), based on multiple criteria, was utilized to assign weights to each layer. By overlaying the theme layers with the prescribed weights, a map of potential groundwater recharge zones was generated. These zones were classified into five categories: poor, fair, medium, good, and excellent, representing 173 km2 (1.9 %), 1002 km2 (11.3%), 5976 km2 (67.2%), 1732 km2 (19.5%), and 12 km2 (0.1%), respectively. The findings revealed that a significant portion of the study area exhibited good to moderate potential zones for groundwater. Among the seven districts in the Eastern Province, Rwamagana district had the highest coverage of good and excellent groundwater potential zones, accounting for 59% and 1% of the area, respectively. The accuracy of the GWPZ map was assessed by comparing it with borehole yield data, demonstrating the reliability of the chosen methodology. These validated results provide valuable support for the sustainable management and strategic utilization of groundwater resources in the study area. The study outcomes can guide decision-makers in making informed choices regarding the conservation of groundwater resources in the research area.

Application of Geographic Information System (GIS) in construction: a systematic review

PurposeNotwithstanding the Geographical Information System (GIS) being a fast-emerging green area of a digital revolution, the available studies focus on different subject areas of application in the construction industry, with no study that clarifies its knowledge strands. Hence, this systematic review analyses GIS core area of application, its system integration patterns, challenges and future directions in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review approach was employed, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. A total of 60 articles published between 2011 and 2022 were identified, thoroughly reviewed and analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsThe analysis revealed spatial planning and design, construction-task tracking, defect detection and safety monitoring as its four main application-based areas. The findings showed that the adoption of GIS technology is rapidly expanding and being utilised more in building projects to visual-track construction activities. The review discovered an integrated pattern involving data flow from a device and window-form application to GIS, the pathways to data exchange between platforms to platforms, where ArcGIS is the most used software. Furthermore, the study highlighted the lack of interoperability between heterogeneous systems as the crux impediment to adopting GIS in the built environment.Originality/valueThe research provides a deep insight into possible areas where GIS is adopted in the construction industry, identifying areas of extensive and limited application coverage over a decade. Besides, it demystifies possible pathways for future integration opportunities of GIS with other emerging technologies within the construction industry.

Assessment of soil salinity by geo-spatial technology in Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh

Soils vary in their characteristics from one place to another place due to interactions of soil forming and processes. Assessment of spatial and temporal variation of characteristics is needed for any mean or use it's crucial to take into account the diverse spatial differences in soil properties, which has long in this context. Geographic information system (GIS) technology has enormous potential in the field of soil's assessment for upgrading soil statistic systems for an accurate and cost-effective means of understanding changes in the landscape. The future agricultural monitoring of the nutritional quality of the soil in diverse regions and villages is crucial. In this paper assessment of spatial variation of soil salinity using GIS techniques around the Ballia District of Uttar Pradesh is presented from the year 1994 to 2019. Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) was used. It showed increasing trend in salinity from 1994 to 2019 for each block. Using Landsat (TM/OLI) imageries with a 30 m spatial resolution, the spatial distribution of salinity from 1994 to 2019 was determined and low negative NDSI value was observed from - 0.143 to -0.117 in the southeast part of Ballia which can be an important explanation for soil degradation due to increasing soil salinity.

Estimation of Soil Moisture for Different Crops Using SAR Polarimetric Data

Soil moisture is an essential factor that influences agricultural productivity and hydrological processes. Soil moisture estimation using field detection methods takes time and is challenging. However, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, soil moisture parameters become easier to detect. In microwave remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data helps to retrieve soil moisture from more considerable depths because of its high penetration capability and the illumination power of its light source. This study aims to process the SAR Sentinel-1A data and estimate soil moisture using the Water Cloud Model (WCM). Many physical and empirical models have been developed to determine soil moisture from microwave remote sensing platforms. However, the Water Cloud Model gives more accurate results. In this study, the WCM model is used for mixed crop types. The experimental soil moisture was determined from in-situ soil samples collected from various agricultural areas. The soil backscattering values corresponding to the different soil sampling locations were derived from Sentinel SAR data. Using linear regression analysis, the laboratory's soil moisture results and soil backscattering values were correlated to arrive at a model. The model was validated using a secondary set of in-situ moisture content values taken during the same period. The R2 and RMSE of the model were observed to be 0.825 and 0.0274, respectively, proving a strong correlation between the experimental soil moisture and satellite-derived soil moisture for mixed crop field types. This paper explains the methodology for arriving at a model for soil moisture estimation. This model helps to recommend suitable crop types in large, complex areas based on predicted moisture content. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08 Full Text: PDF

Indoor Multipedestrian Multicamera Tracking Based on Fine Spatiotemporal Constraints

As indoor space is the primary place for pedestrian activities, obtaining intelligent monitoring of indoor pedestrians is crucial for intelligent video surveillance. Previous studies have verified the effectiveness of spatio-temporal constraints in multitarget multi-camera tracking (MTMCT). Pedestrians are generally subjected to fine spatio-temporal constraints within buildings, based on which the indoor geographic information system (GIS) technology can obtain automatic spatio-temporal modeling. Combined with artificial intelligence (AI) technology, we established a research framework of "GIS+AI+IMPMCT." Specifically, we proposed indoor multi-pedestrian multi-camera tracking (IMPMCT) based on fine spatio-temporal constraints. First, we used GIS to map the indoor monitoring images of buildings and automatically model the fine spatio-temporal relationship among the semantics of the entrance of the surveillance zone. Subsequently, we used the machine learning model of pedestrian localization and tracking to obtain local trajectories of pedestrians and combined them with map information to extract entrance semantics of trajectories. Finally, we used the local trajectory semantics and surveillance entrance semantic constraints to obtain a fine spatio-temporal constraint weight matrix between trajectories and fused pedestrian’s apparent features to obtain trajectory matching results. To verify our method, we established an IMPMCT dataset containing fine indoor spatio-temporal information. Our method obtained an IDF1 of 0.805, which is better than those of other methods. Furthermore, the tracking results obtained by the proposed method contained both image space and geospatial trajectories.

Reorienting GIScience for a data-intensive society

In this commentary, I explore the potential future for GIScience to broaden its focus from technological advancements to examining the dynamic interactions between geographic information system (GIS) technology, its users, and the places where it is being utilized. Drawing on the postphenomenological perspectives of Don Ihde and his followers, this commentary re-imagines GIScience by emphasizing its ability to shape and be shaped by human experiences and various creative forces across bodies and places. This reorientation decenters GIScience beyond the human body by also encompassing non-human entities such as animals, bots, and algorithms. In the face of a rapidly growing data-intensive society, this commentary underlines the importance of adopting a caring stance when it comes to the use and development of GIS. This perspective of care can enhance our understanding and empathy toward ourselves, the planet, and all other beings. This reorientation of GIScience plays a significant role in shaping future trajectories of GIScience and the discipline of geography, enabling us to effectively tackle the theoretical and practical challenges posed by a rapidly evolving data-intensive society.

Dense station-based potential assessment for solar photovoltaic generation in China

To achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, China is vigorously promoting the development of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to replace traditional power supplies dominated by fossil fuels. A detailed potential assessment for solar PV generation will contribute to constructing and integrating a new power system with a high proportion of solar energy. In this study, we combined high-density and high-accuracy station-based solar radiation data from more than 2400 stations and a solar PV electricity generation model to map the technical potential for solar PV generation in China, while simultaneously considering land constraints through geographic information system technology. We found that the total installable capacity is at least 44,614.6 GW for China as a whole, resulting in an annual electricity generation potential of 72.7 PWh. However, the spatial distribution of solar PV potential does not match the electricity demand in China. Northwest China accounts for more than 95% of the total PV technical potential of China, but the power load centers are mainly located in eastern, southern, and central China, accounting for more than 70% of the total electricity consumption of the country. The challenges of solar PV development in China include grid integration and transmission from resource centers to load centers. The establishment and planning of new power systems based mainly on clean energy should facilitate the integration of fluctuating solar resources in China. This study will contribute to the planning and construction of solar PV systems in China.

ANALISIS DISPERSI EMISI CEROBONG PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK DI PT. INDONESIA POWER BALI PGU PESANGGARAN

Air as an important environmental component in life that needs to be maintained and improved in quality. The presence of human activity causes the composition of clean air to undergo changes. Air pollution is caused by several factors. One of them is the industrial activities of power plants that use fossil fuels and natural gas. This research was conducted to monitor the distribution of emissions produced by power plants in PT. Indonesia Power Bali PGU uses Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and is validated using the paired t-test method. The result is that the direction of distribution of each emission parameter (SO2, NO2 and Dust (TSP)) follows the wind direction according to data obtained from BMKG with a downward trend according to the distance traveled. This is because emissions are propagated by wind with dispersion variables at any given distance. The degree of validity of the modeling analysis with the results of ambient air quality measurements at each monitoring point of the SO2 and NO2 parameters is no difference between the results obtained. However, for dust parameters (TSP) there are significant differences. This is due to atmospheric conditions at the time of sampling, the location of the monitoring point surrounded by buildings, 1 sample point being on the side of the highway, and community activities around the monitoring point location.
 Keywords: Power Plant Emission; Air Quaity Control; Geographic Information System (GIS); Gaussian Disperssion

The role of teacher agency in using GIS to teach sustainability: an evaluation of a lower secondary school story mapping GIS initiative in Ireland

This paper investigates the role of teacher agency for those who were trained in using an innovative Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach and incorporated GIS into their teaching. While national curricula increasingly emphasise STEM and sustainability approaches, there has been limited analysis of how teachers can bring new software, including GIS, and new approaches into the classroom. Through an evaluation of a teaching initiative “5*S: Space, Surveyors and Students – STEM and the Sustainable Development Goals” designed to bring GIS technology, satellite data, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into classrooms as activities and resources for teachers and students in Ireland, we examine how teachers can introduce new teaching strategies and platforms into their classrooms. In interviews and a focus group, teachers expressed eagerness for GIS teaching resources for the classroom and identified effective ways they were able to draw on their own teaching philosophy in introducing new concepts around sustainability and STEM education in the classroom. We argue that teacher agency and autonomy play an important role in the ability and development of teachers, departments, and schools to bring new approaches and GIS into the classroom, and we identify key learnings from teachers who were able to utilise the 5*S resources.

Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Owerri Municipal and Its Environs, Imo State, Nigeria (2005 – 2015)

Land use/land cover changes in Owerri Municipal and its environs which included Orogwe, Ubomiri, Emii, Uratta, Ihiagwa and Egbu were studied as being driven by rapid population growth for urbanisation. The study applied the digital technology of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (ARC GIS 9.3 Version software). These tools were implored to generate land use/land cover maps for the period; 2005, 2010 and 2015 and to determine the area in km2 of each of the six classes of land use/land cover types, the percentage change of the total area covered, accuracy of the overall classification including the Kappa coefficient, while a classification scheme was used to develop the classified land use/land cover maps. Also satellite imagery for the period (2005-2015) was imputed into the ENVI 4.5 software environment, composited, digitized and exported to the Arc. GIS where they were clipped with the study area. The extracted image of the study area was then exported back to the ENVI 4.5 environment for Arc.GIS environment in TIFF format. This was followed by a colour separation in the imagery repeated for all the raw satellite imagery. Image interpretation was done on ENVI 4.5 software based on a set of pixels of the Region Of Interest (ROI). Results are that Kappa coefficient values were high enough for the period of study with 0.9099, 0.9557 and 0.9685 for 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively indicating a strong agreement between the classified maps and ground referenced information. Integrating GIS and satellite remote sensing with high spectral, spatial and temporal resolution at the local scale to develop urban environmental monitoring, effective land use planning and management of the current growth pattern were among others recommended.

Estimating of Photovoltaic Energy Saving Potential and Investment Energy Value in Malaysia based on GIS Technology

Creating environmentally friendly energy schemes that are sustainable is critical as a solution to the economic, ecological, and societal influences related to the energy sector. It should be noted that buildings utilize up to forty percent of global energy consumption. Furthermore, by 2030, it is anticipated to reach fifty percent. As a result, the world faces a significant dilemma in overcoming such worldwide energy generation issues. Concerning primary energy consumption, Malaysia is among Asia’s largest consumers. Malaysia’s immediate energy use in 2018 was 3.79 quadrillion Btu, growing at a 4.58% annualized rate. This article thoroughly reviewed past studies of global energy usage, particularly in Malaysia, and how the geographical information system (GIS) methodologies were employed for spatial evaluation of energy efficacy. Undoubtedly, effective energy strategies are critical in energy policy, and they can be developed through the application of a variety of methods for energy conservation in building structures. The findings of this study indicate that some GIS methods, such as machine learning, deep learning and multiple criteria decision analysis, are mainly employed for calculating energy consumption, researching renewable energy sources, and analyzing solar radiation. The results also show that the fuzzy_AHP and fuzzy_DS techniques have a higher capability and reliability in identifying the most suitable sites for photovoltaic (PV) farms. Due to the generation of a 3D model exportable to software tools through this technique, the 3D models are deemed efficient for calculating solar radiation. Furthermore, GIS and 3D can assist with various tasks, including access to sunlight in built structures and environments in urban areas, urban growth prediction models, and the habitability of public spaces analysis.