A novel actinobacterial strain V21-05T was isolated from the thallus of the foliose lichen Heterodermia diademata collected in Doi Inthanon National Park, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences consistently placed strain V21-05T within the genus Streptosporangium, forming a well-supported clade with Streptosporangium oxazolinicum JCM 17388T. The draft genome of strain V21-05T contained 71.1 mol% of G+C content. Strain V21-05T exhibited digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values with S. oxazolinicum JCM 17388T below the species delineation thresholds. A polyphasic approach revealed differences in physiological characteristics, carbon and nitrogen utilization patterns and enzymatic activity profiles between V21-05T and the closely related strains. The chemotaxonomic characteristics supported its placement within the genus Streptosporangium, with meso-diaminopimelic acid, MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4) as predominant menaquinones, and fatty acids including iso-C16:0, C17:1 ω8C, and C17:0 10-methyl. The polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unidentified glycolipids, two unidentified aminophospholipids and two unidentified phosphoglycolipids. These results support the classification of strain V21-05T as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Streptosporangium heterodermiicola sp. nov. (type strain =V21-05T =TBRC 20022T =NBRC 117251T) is proposed. This is the first report of a novel Streptosporangium from a lichen habitat.

Strain KLBMP 9127T, isolated from dolomite weathering crusts, was subjected to comprehensive taxonomic characterization using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain KLBMP 9127T is an aerobic, Gram-stain-positive bacterium with coccoid to short rod-shaped cells that forms stromal mycelia and spherical sporangia. This Gram-positive strain exhibits chemotaxonomic features characteristic of the genus. The genus Streptosporangium is characterized by the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid and madurose in whole-organism hydrolysates, and menaquinones MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4) are the predominant respiratory quinones. The predominant fatty acid (>10%) of strain KLBMP 9127T was identified as C13 : 0 (17.6%) and C17 : 0 10-methyl (22.3%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that KLBMP 9127T forms a distinct lineage within the Streptosporangium clade, showing 97.2% sequence similarity with its closest relative, Streptosporangium longisporum DSM 43180T. Genomic comparisons of KLBMP 9127T demonstrated digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nt identity (ANI) values of 24.1% and 81%, respectively, both falling below the recommended thresholds for species demarcation (dDDH≥70%; ANI≥95-96%). Comprehensive phenotypic profiling (cell wall composition, menaquinone profiles and fatty acid methyl esters) and genomic evidence conclusively distinguish KLBMP 9127T from related taxa. Based on these cumulative findings, strain KLBMP 9127T was proposed as the type strain of a novel species, Streptosporangium soli sp. nov., with the designation KLBMP 9127T (=CGMCC 4.7739T=NBRC 115834T). Genomic analysis identified 23 biosynthetic gene clusters encoding specialized metabolites, including polyketide synthases, nonribosomal peptide synthetases and enediyne-type antitumour compound pathways. In antitumour proliferation experiments, within the tested concentration range of 5-200 µg ml-1, the inhibition rate gradually increased from 13.7% (at 5 µg ml-1) to 99.1% (at 200 µg ml-1). This extensive biosynthetic potential highlights the strain's significant capacity for producing novel antibiotics and antineoplastic agents, underscoring the biotechnological importance of this genus in natural product discovery.

A norditerpenoid k4610422 (1), an inhibitor of testosterone-5α-reductase originally discovered from a mesophilic rare actinomycete of the genus Streptosporangium, was isolated from the culture extract of a thermophilic actinomycete Actinomadura sp. The complete 1H and 13C NMR assignment and absolute configuration of 1 were addressed by spectroscopic measurements including NOESY and CD spectra coupled with ECD calculation, which allowed to establish the (5 R,9 S,10 R,13 S)-configuration. Compound 1 was moderately cytotoxic against P388 murine leukemia cells with IC50 30 μM.

n a continuing search fornew antimicrobial products from actinobacteriacollected in Algerian Saharan soils, an isolateof actinobacteria,designated Sg163, was selected for its interesting antimicrobial activity.The isolate wasidentified to the genus Streptosporangium by phenotypicand molecular criteria. The cultural and physiological characterizations as well as phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolate was different from known members of the genus Streptosporangium. Analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence showed 97.09to 98.27% similarity with those of Streptosporangium type strains. The strainSg163 produced antifungal and antibacterial activities on several culture media. The highest antimicrobial activities were obtained in ISP2 medium. Three active products C1, C2 and C3 with both antifungal and antibacterial activities were isolated and purified by chromatographic methodswith C2, as the major compound. The data of the infraredspectroscopy andthe chemical revelations, suggested that the active molecules were glycosylatedaromaticcompounds.

The actinobacterium, strain M26T, was isolated from garden soil that was pre-treated with microwave radiation. The soil sample was collected in Roodepoort, Gauteng Province, South Africa as part of an antibiotic-screening programme. The isolate produced branched vegetative mycelium with sporangiophores bearing small sporangia ranging from 3 to 6 μm in diameter. Rapid genus identification revealed that the isolate belongs to the genus Streptosporangium. To confirm this result, the strain was subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterisation. Chemotaxonomic characteristics were as follows: meso-DAP in the peptidoglycan, the whole-cell hydrolysate yielded madurose, predominant menaquinones were MK9 (21%), MK9(H2) (40%), MK9(H4) (31%) and MK9(H6) (3%); the polar lipid profile included an aminolipid, phosphoglycolipids, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine. In addition, the fatty acid profile showed the presence of C16:0 (12.8%), C17:1ω8c (14.2%), and 10-methyl-C17:0 (15.8%). Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain is closely related to members of the genus Streptosporangium, which supports its classification within the family Streptosporangiaceae. Strain M26T exhibited antibiosis against a range of pathogenic bacteria, including, but not limited to Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606T, Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae ATCC BAA-1143, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 (vancomycin resistant), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RvT, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae ATCC 13314T, and the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC 33591 (MRSA). The name Streptosporangium minutum is proposed with the type strain M26T (=LMG 28850T =NRRL B-65295T).

Two novel actinobacteria, designated strains NEAU-Jh1-4T and NEAU-Wp2-0T, were isolated from muddy soil collected from a riverbank in Jiaohe and a dandelion root collected from Harbin, respectively. A polyphasic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic positions of these two strains. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains NEAU-Jh1-4T and NEAU-Wp2-0T indicated that strain NEAU-Jh1-4T clustered with Streptosporangium nanhuense NEAU-NH11T (99.32 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Streptosporangium purpuratum CY-15110T (98.30 %) and Streptosporangium yunnanense CY-11007T (97.95 %) and strain NEAU-Wp2-0T clustered with 'Streptosporangium sonchi ' NEAU-QS7 (99.39 %), 'Streptosporangium kronopolitis' NEAU-ML10 (99.26 %), 'Streptosporangium shengliense' NEAU-GH7 (98.85 %) and Streptosporangium longisporum DSM 43180T (98.69 %). Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the two isolates also confirmed their affiliation to the genus Streptosporangium. However, the low level of DNA-DNA hybridization and some phenotypic characteristics allowed the isolates to be differentiated from the most closely related species. Therefore, it is proposed that strains NEAU-Jh1-4T and NEAU-Wp2-0T represent two novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium jiaoheense sp. nov. and Streptosporangium taraxaci sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are NEAU-Jh1-4T (=CGMCC 4.7213T=JCM 30348T) and NEAU-Wp2-0T (=CGMCC 4.7217T=JCM 30349T), respectively.

The taxonomic position of a novel actinobacterium, strain SG1T, isolated from a Saharan soil sample collected from Béni-Abbès, Béchar (south-west Algeria), was established by using a polyphasic approach. The micro-organism had morphological and chemical features that were consistent with its classification in the genus Streptosporangium. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars contained ribose and glucose, but not madurose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4). The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylhydroxymethylethanolamine, phosphatidylhydroxyethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C17 : 1ω8c, iso-C16 : 0, 10-methyl C17 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 0. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis supported the classification of the isolate in the genus Streptosporangium and indicated that it was related most closely to 'Streptosporangium subfuscum' DSM 46724 (99.7 % similarity), Streptosporangium pseudovulgare DSM 43181T (98.7 %), Streptosporangium fragile DSM 43847T (98.6 %) and Streptosporangium sandarakinum DSM 45763T (98.5 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SG1T formed a cluster with its closest relative 'S. subfuscum' DSM 46724. However, DNA-DNA relatedness as well as physiological and chemotaxonomical analyses showed that strain SG1T could be differentiated from its closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that strain SG1T should be classified as representing a novel species in the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangiumbecharense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG1T (=DSM 46887T=CECT 8961T).

Three novel actinobacteria, designated strains NEAU-FSHN1(T), NEAU-hd-3(T) and NEAU-Y6(T), were isolated from a stream base, soil adjacent to the stream and a root of Corydalis yanhusuo L, respectively, collected from Wuchang, Heilongjiang Province, China. A polyphasic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic positions of these strains. The three strains were observed to form scant aerial hyphae that differentiated into spherical spore vesicles. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains NEAU-FHSN1(T), NEAU-hd-3(T) and NEAU-Y6(T) showed that the three novel isolates exhibit 99.2 % (NEAU-FHSN1(T)/NEAU-hd-3(T)), 99.2 % (NEAU-FHSN1(T)/NEAU-Y6(T)) and 99.7 % (NEAU-hd-3(T)/NEAU-Y6(T)) 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with each other and that they are closely related to strains Streptosporangium shengliense NEAU-GH7(T) (sequence similarities 98.72, 98.85, 98.99 %), Streptosporangium roseum DSM 43021(T) (98.65, 98.51, 98.58 %) and Streptosporangium album DSM 43023(T) (98.41, 98.96, 98.89 %). However, the DNA-DNA hybridization values between strains NEAU-FSHN1(T), NEAU-hd-3(T) and NEAU-Y6(T) were 61.2 % (NEAU-FSHN1(T)/NEAU-hd-3(T)), 63.5 % (NEAU-FHSN1(T)/NEAU-Y6(T)) and 65.8 % (NEAU-hd-3(T)/NEAU-Y6(T)), and the values between the three strains and their close phylogenetic relatives were also below 70 %. With reference to phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic data and DNA-DNA hybridization results, the three strains can be distinguished from each other and their close phylogenetic relatives. Thus, strains NEAU-FHSN1(T), NEAU-hd-3(T) and NEAU-Y6(T) are concluded to represent three novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the names Streptosporangium lutulentum sp. nov., Streptosporangium fenghuangense sp. nov. and Streptosporangium corydalis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are NEAU-FHSN1(T) (=CGMCC 4.7141(T) = DSM 46740(T)), NEAU-Y6(T) (=CGMCC 4.7150(T) = DSM 46722(T)) and NEAU-hd3(T) (CGMCC 4.7212(T) = JCM 30058(T)), respectively.

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain SG20T, was isolated from a Saharan soil sample collected from Béni-isguen (Mzab), Ghardaïa province, southern Algeria. The micro-organism developed small roundish sporangia on aerial mycelium that were sessile or carried by very short sporangiophores. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars comprised glucose, ribose and mannose, but madurose was not detected. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H2). The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The phospholipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and unknown lipids. The phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the novel strain resembled those of recognized members of the genus Streptosporangium. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis based on a 16S rRNA gene sequence generated from the strain identified its closest relative as Streptosporangium jomthongense BCC 53154T (98.5 % similarity), which produces single spores on aerial mycelium, but no sporangia. In hybridization experiments, the DNA-DNA relatedness values recorded between strain SG20T and S. jomthongense DSM 46822T fell well below 70 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain SG20T can be distinguished as representing a novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium saharense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SG20T ( = DSM 46743T = CECT 8840T).

The taxonomic position of a novel actinobacterium, strain 169T, isolated from a sample of Algerian Saharan soil, was determined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The aerial mycelium produced non-motile, round- to oval-shaped spores, with a smooth surface, which were sessile or carried by short sporophores. Chemotaxonomically, isolate 169T showed the same results as members of the genus Streptosporangium, but madurose, the so far diagnostic sugar of the genus, was not detected in the whole-cell hydrolysate. Despite the absence of sporangia, the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that strain 169T was a member of the genus Streptosporangium. Strain 169T was most closely related to Streptosporangium jomthongense NBRC 110047T (99.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), which is the only non-sporangia-forming species reported among the genus. However, DNA-DNA hybridization studies with this species showed 60 % relatedness. Based upon genotypic and phenotypic data, a novel species, Streptosporangium algeriense sp. nov., is proposed, with 169T ( = DSM 45455T = MTCC 11561T = CCUG 62974T) as the type strain.

Two novel actinobacteria, designated strains NEAU-QS7(T) and NEAU-ML10(T), were isolated from a root of Sonchus oleraceus L. and a Kronopolites svenhedind Verhoeff specimen, respectively, collected from Wuchang, Heilongjiang Province, China. A polyphasic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic positions of these strains. The two strains were observed to form abundant aerial hyphae that differentiated into spherical spore vesicles. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains NEAU-QS7(T) and NEAU-ML10(T) showed that the two novel isolates exhibited 99.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other and that they are most closely related to Streptosporangium shengliense NEAU-GH7(T) (99.1, 99.0%) and Streptosporangium longisporum DSM 43180(T) (99.1, 99.0%). However, the DNA-DNA hybridization value between strains NEAU-QS7(T) and NEAU-ML10(T) was 46.5%, and the values between the two strains and their closest phylogenetic relatives were also below 70%. With reference to phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic data and DNA-DNA hybridization results, the two strains can be distinguished from each other and their closest phylogenetic relatives. Thus, strains NEAU-QS7(T) and NEAU-ML10(T) represent two novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the names Streptosporangium sonchi sp. nov. and Streptosporangium kronopolitis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are NEAU-QS7(T) (=CGMCC 4.7142(T) =DSM 46717(T)) and NEAU-ML10(T) (=CGMCC 4.7153(T) =DSM 46720(T)), respectively.

A novel actinomycete strain, designated VRC21(T), was isolated from the rhizosphere of Callistemon citrinus collected from Hyderabad, India. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of strain VRC21(T) was consistent with the characteristics of members of the genus Streptosporangium, that is, the formation of sporangia on aerial mycelium, coiled unbranched hyphae within the spore vesicle, the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, and madurose and galactose as major whole-cell sugars. Diagnostic polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol-mannosides. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C14:0, iso-C16:0, C17:0 10-methyl, C18:1w9c and C18:0 10-methyl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses revealed that strain VRC21(T) was a member of the genus Streptosporangium. The highest similarity values were observed with S. carneum DSM 44125(T) (98.2%) and S. fragile DSM 43847(T) (98.2%); the values of the remaining type strains were below 98%. The values of DNA-DNA relatedness between the strain VRC21(T) and the type strains of the related species were below 70%. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence, the strain VRC21(T) should be classified as novel species Streptosporangium terrae sp. nov. in the genus Streptosporangium. The type strain is VRC21(T) (=KCTC 29207(T)=MTCC 11724(T)).

A Gram-stain positive, filamentous bacterial strain, designated strain NEAU-TWSJ13(T), was isolated from the rhizosphere of a marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) plant collected in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain was observed to form abundant aerial hyphae differentiated into spherical sporangia. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-TWSJ13(T) belongs to the genus Streptosporangium, being most closely related to Streptosporangium fragile DSM 43847(T) (98.6 %). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that it formed a phyletic line with S. fragile DSM 43847(T), Streptosporangium jomthongense NBRC 110047(T) (98.4 % 16S rRNA gene similarity) and Streptosporangium violaceochromogenes DSM 43849(T) (97.6 % 16S rRNA gene similarity). A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics indicated that strain NEAU-TWSJ13(T) can be distinguished from S. fragile DSM 43847(T) and S. jomthongense NBRC 110047(T). Moreover, strain NEAU-TWSJ13(T) can also be differentiated from S. violaceochromogenes DSM 43849(T) and other Streptosporangium species showing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.0 %) by morphological and physiological characteristics. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-TWSJ13(T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium subfuscum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-TWSJ13(T) ( = CGMCC 4.7146(T) = DSM = 46724(T)).

A novel actinomycete, strain 30EHS(T), was isolated from the rhizospheric soil under an elephant ear plant (Caladium bicolor) in Jomthong district, Bangkok, Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 30EHS(T) fell within the cluster of the genus Streptosporangium. Chemical composition analysis confirmed that the strain represented a member of the genus Streptosporangium even though this strain produced a tightly packed single spore on aerial hyphae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain 30EHS(T) was most closely related to Streptosporangium fragile NBRC 14311(T) (98.1%), Streptosporangium carneum NBRC 15562(T) (97.8%) and Streptosporangium violaceochromogenes NBRC 15560(T) (97.4%). The DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness values between strain 30EHS(T) and the above three strains were below 70%. Based on combined data for phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness and physiological characteristics, it was concluded that strain 30EHS(T) should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Streptosporangium. We propose the name Streptosporangium jomthongense sp. nov., with the type strain 30EHS(T) ( = BCC 53154(T) = NBRC 110047(T)). An emended description of the genus Streptosporangium is also proposed.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-NH11(T), was isolated from muddy soil collected from a lake and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-NH11(T) belongs to the genus Streptosporangium, and was most closely related to Streptosporangium amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179(T) (99.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-NH11(T) formed a monophyletic clade with Streptosporangium purpuratum CY-15110(T) (98.3%) and Streptosporangium yunnanense CY-11007(T) (98.0%), an association that was supported by a bootstrap value of 80% in the neighbour-joining tree and also recovered with the maximum-likelihood algorithm. However, the low level of DNA-DNA relatedness allowed the strain to be differentiated from S. amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179(T), S. purpuratum CY-15110(T) and S. yunnanense CY-11007(T). Moreover, strain NEAU-NH11(T) could also be differentiated from its closest related strains by phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-NH11(T) represents a novel Streptosporangium species, Streptosporangium nanhuense sp. nov. The type strain of S. nanhuense is NEAU-NH11(T). (=CGMCC 4.7131(T)=DSM 46674(T)).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-GH7(T), was isolated from a lake sediment and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Strain NEAU-GH7(T) was Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming and produced spherical sporangia. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-GH7(T) formed a monophyletic clade with the closest relative Streptosporangium longisporum DSM 43180(T) (99.0 %), an association that was supported by a bootstrap value of 74 % in the neighbour-joining tree and also recovered with the maximum-likelihood algorithm. However, the low level of DNA-DNA relatedness allowed the strain to be differentiated from its closest relative. Moreover, strain NEAU-GH7(T) could also be differentiated from S. longisporum DSM 43180(T) and other Streptosporangium species showing high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.0 %) by morphological and physiological characteristics. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics, strain NEAU-GH7(T) should be classified as a new species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium shengliense [corrected] sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-GH7(T) (=CGMCC 4.7105(T)=DSM 45881(T)).

An actinomycete strain K07-0460(T) producing new antitrypanosomal antibiotics, spoxazomicins, was isolated from the roots of a variety of orchid collected in the subtropical Okinawa prefecture. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Streptosporangium and showed high similarities with S. amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179(T) (99.4%), S. amethystogenes subsp. fukuiense IFO 15365(T) (99.2%) and S. longisporum DSM 43180(T) (98.7%). The DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness values between strain K07-0460(T) and the three strains were below 70%. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness and physiological characteristics, the strain should be classified as a new species Streptosporangium oxazolinicum sp. nov. in the genus Streptosporangium. The type strain of S. oxazolinicum is K07-0460(T) (=JCM 17388(T)).

Streptosporangium roseum Crauch 1955 is the type strain of the species which is the type species of the genus Streptosporangium. The ‘pinkish coiled Streptomyces-like organism with a spore case’ was isolated from vegetable garden soil in 1955. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first completed genome sequence of a member of the family Streptosporangiaceae, and the second largest microbial genome sequence ever deciphered. The 10,369,518 bp long genome with its 9421 protein-coding and 80 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.

An actinomycete strain, designated HBUM 170018(T), was isolated from soil from Hebei Province, China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. This study included morphological and physiological investigations and analyses concerning cell chemistry, genomic DNA G+C content, DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogeny. The data obtained were consistent with the assignment of strain HBUM 170018(T) to the genus Streptosporangium and were confirmed by the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Strain HBUM 170018(T) can be differentiated from all Streptosporangium species with validly published names with reference to phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic data and DNA-DNA hybridization results. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic data, strain HBUM 170018(T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptosporangium, for which the name Streptosporangium canum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HBUM 170018(T) (=7177(T) =DSM 45034(T) =CGMCC 4.2126(T)).

Some Actinomycetes isolated from Waigeo Raja Ampat Regency Papua have been identified. Those isolates were also characterized for their cellulolitic and phosphate solubilizing ability. Microscopic identification was based on Miyadoh (1997) and Holt (1994) methods.Actinomycetes could be identified by microscopic observation on spores, chain spore, hypha, aerial hypha and its pigmentation.The cellulolitic ability was observed by clear zone ratio in CMC medium and phosphate solubilizing activity by the same approach in Vikoskaya medium.From 139 Waigeo's Actinomycetes isolates which had been deposited in LIPI Microbial Collection (LIPIMC) were identified as 10 genera (Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Microbiospora, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Pseudonocardia, Saccharopolispora, Streptomices, Streptosporangium and Thermomonospora). As much as 57.5% phosphate solubilizing actinomycetes and 82.7 % cellulolitic actinomycetes were detected.