Genuine Messages Research Articles

Affect-as-Information: Customer and Employee Affective Displays as Expeditious Predictors of Customer Satisfaction

This study introduces affect-as-information theory to the service encounter, integrates it with the peak and end model of affect, and thereby shows that these dynamic customer and employee affective displays can be used to estimate post-encounter customer satisfaction. A large-scale dataset of 23,645 real-life text-based (i.e., chat) service encounters with a total of 301,280 genuine messages written by customers and employees were used to test our hypotheses. Automatic sentiment analysis was deployed to assess the affective displays of customers and employees in every individual text message as a service encounter unfolded. Our findings confirm that in addition to customers’ overall (mean) affective display, peak (i.e., highest positive or least negative), and end (final) affective displays explain customer satisfaction. Further, as customer displays may not fully capture their satisfaction process and employees understand the service quality they deliver, we propose and confirm that employee displayed affect explains further variance in customer satisfaction. We also find that the predictive power of affective displays is more pronounced in service failure than non-failure encounters. Together, these findings show that automatic monitoring beyond customer overall affect (i.e., adding customer peak and end, and employee affective displays) can expedite the evaluation of customer satisfaction.

Can you spot a scam? Measuring and improving scam identification ability

The expansion of digital financial services leads to severe consumer protection issues such as fraud and scams. As these potentially decrease trust in digital services, especially in developing countries, avoiding victimization has become an important policy objective. In an online experiment, we first investigate how well individuals in Kenya identify phone scams using a novel measure of scam identification ability. We then test the effectiveness of scam education, a commonly used approach by organizations for fraud prevention. We find that common tips on how to spot scams do not significantly improve individuals’ scam identification ability, i.e., the distinction between scams and genuine messages. This null effect is driven by an increase in correctly identified scams and a decrease in correctly identified genuine messages, indicating overcaution. Additionally, we find suggestive evidence that genuine messages with scam-like features are misclassified more often, highlighting the importance of a careful design of official communication.

VYPIS’ ABOUT THE SECOND MARRIAGE OF VASILIY THE THIRD: A DOCUMENT OR A LITERARY STYLE IMITATION?

The article examines a landmark text of Old Russian literature entitled Vypis’. The author of Vypis’ declares it an extract from a genuine message that was sent to Moscow by the monks of Mount Athos. In reality, the text is in no way an extract, and the message from which it is supposedly taken has never existed. Vypis’ is a convoluted story about the decision of the Grand Duke Vasiliy the Third to divorce his first wife and take a new one. Several bold representatives among the Russian clergy, Eastern patriarchs and Athonite monks — all of them considered the prince’s intention to be a violation of church canons. Vypis’ is filled with factual errors; thus, it is devoid of value as a historical document, but is of interest as a literary phenomenon. The literary sources of Vypis’, its influence on other literary pieces, its unusual language with a large number of agrammatisms and strange barbarisms are analyzed in the article. The text is compared with the first style imitation experiments which were conducted in course of discussions on the Russian-Turkish relations. By the complex of its features, Vypis’ can be dated the last decades of the 16th century. It can be defined as a failed attempt to create a literary style imitation. The author believes Vypis’ was composed in Chudov Monastery or by one of Orthodox church defenders in Lithuania.

MEMBACA HERMENEUTIKA AL-QUR’AN MUHAMMAD IZZAT DARWAZAH

This paper discusses Muhammad Izzat Darwazah (1887-1984)’s hermeneutics of the Qur’an. His thought is considered important because of his persistence in the view that the reconstruction of the initial context of Qur’anic revelation will bring the interpreter closer to the genuine message that Allah and his messenger Muhammad wanted to convey. Using a descriptive-analytic method, the writer portrays Darwazah’s thought position in both the development of tafsir as well as of tafsir nuzuli. In so doing, the writer outlines his discussion as follows introduction, basic structure of hermeneutics, examples of interpretation, status of Darwazah’s hermeneutics, and closing. This study finds that Darwazah’shermeneutic strength lies in the encyclopedic character of his work which provides rich information about the revelation of the Qur’an, the agencies involved, and the identification of early socio-religious processes and practices. Meanwhile, the weakness of his work lies in its entanglement in the hermeneutical burden, or in the expression of Wael Hallaq “Arabicate hermeneutics” which keeps Darwazah preoccupied with linguistic and historical discussion, while forgetting the focus and depth of the fundamental message of the Qur’an. Readers, instead of getting complete enlightenment, they overwhelmingly receive a variety of messages that are scattered, common sense and incomplete

How does rumor spreading affect people inside and outside an institution

In this paper, we study the propagation characteristics of rumors in an institution and develop the rumor dissemination model inside the institution. Different from the traditional model, a person in the proposed model can make a judgement about the message and decide to propagate it or refute it, and most people inside the institution can refute the rumor spreaders and propagate the genuine messages to uninformed people when they have confirmed the message is a rumor. Then, we split all the people into two institutions (inside and outside). Since the rumors and genuine messages from the institution can have a non-negligible impact on people outside the institution, we put forward a new double-institution rumor propagation model, and the model considers the impact of messages on the inside and outside of the institution simultaneously. Based on the two proposed models, the basic reproduction numbers are obtained respectively, and the local and global stability of the rumor-free equilibrium points are discussed separately. We numerically simulate the propagation of rumors in small-world networks. The simulation is carried out to verify the validity of the proposed model, and our model is closer to the reality than traditional models.

The use authentic materials in esp classrooms

The utilization of authentic materials for English language educating has been talked about for a long time by applied etymologists and language professionals. Most teachers like utilizing genuine messages however try not to utilize them because of absence of information on the best way to choose suitable texts and use them in the classroom in methodologically proper ways. This research was proposed to investigate the instructional ways to deal with the utilization of authentic texts at ESP classes and their consequences for academic execution of students at Fergana Polytechnic Institute. The outcomes show that utilizing authentic materials in the English as Foreign Language classroom emphatically impacts the improvement students' communicative ability. Subsequent to going through the connected writing and the commonsense execution of the current examination, clearly the utilization of authentic materials is a helpful way to inspire students, excite their advantage and open them to target language, in actuality, circumstances. Likewise, the utilization of authentic materials permits accepting positive input on their learning cycle, since students notice they manage intelligent and significant language in genuine settings.

Towards an understanding of the experience of psychosis: the legacies of Rogers and Gendlin

ABSTRACTIn this article, I discuss the continuing relevance of the theoretical perspectives of Rogers and Gendlin for persons with psychosis experience (PE) and practitioners of person-centered therapy (PCT). Persons with PE have indicated in recent surveys and qualitative studies that they experienced a ‘turning point’ in their lives when they encountered persons who took a genuine interest in them, communicated acceptance of PE, discussed ‘voice hearing’ in normal language as part of normal experience and conveyed a genuine message of hope. The values and principles of PCT will be compared with those found in cognitive-behavior therapy for psychosis (CBTp) that, like PCT, claims to uphold the recovery-oriented values of persons with PE. Recent claims from proponents of CBTp that it is not primarily a technical therapy that undervalues the importance of human relationships will be discussed. I will argue in favor of a process-oriented therapeutic relationship as opposed to the primacy of cognition advocated in a ‘manualized’ CBTp. In doing so, I will discuss the distinctive contributions of Rogers, Gendlin and the subsequent work of Prouty, that continue to challenge the dominant biomedical models of service delivery that favor CBTp over other therapies.

Game Theoretic Suppression of Forged Messages in Online Social Networks

Online social networks (OSNs) suffer from forged messages. Current studies have typically been focused on the detection of forged messages and do not provide the analysis of the behaviors of message publishers and network strategies to suppress forged messages. This paper carries out the analysis by taking a game theoretic approach, where infinitely repeated games are constructed to capture the interactions between a publisher and a network administrator and suppress forged messages in OSNs. Critical conditions, under which the publisher is disincentivized to publish any forged messages, are identified in the absence and presence of misclassification on genuine messages. Closed-form expressions are established for the maximum number of forged messages that a malicious publisher could publish. Confirmed by the numerical results, the proposed infinitely repeated games reveal that forged messages can be suppressed by improving the payoffs for genuine messages, increasing the cost of bots, and/or reducing the payoffs for forged messages. The increasing detection probability of forged messages or decreasing misclassification probability of genuine messages also has a strong impact on the suppression of forged messages.

“@God please open your fridge!” Twitter messages to @God in content analysis: Hopes, humor, spirituality, and profanities

This study investigates religious communication in social media by analyzing messages sent to God on Twitter. More specifically, the goal of this research is to map and analyze the various contexts in which God is addressed on Twitter, and how the tweets may reflect religious beliefs, ritual functions, and life issues. Using content analysis techniques and phenomenography, tweets addressing God were investigated. The results of this descriptive and indicative study show that religion and religiosity are communicated on Twitter in a manner that creates a unique sphere in which praise and profanities coexist. The tweets in the sample vary a great deal in their content and communicative function, ranging from profanities to prayers and from requests to win the lottery to conversations with and comments about God. Some tweets address God as a form of humour or satire, cursing, or otherwise without any deeper religious intention, while other tweets are apparently genuine messages directed to the transcendent, prayers, with which the senders want to show and share their belief with their followers on Twitter.

Implementasi Aplikasi Kriptografi Pada Layanan Pesan Singkat (SMS) Menggunakan Algoritma RC6 Berbasis Android

Security is a very important aspect in data communication. In the last decade, there was a rapid development in mobile phone technology. Smartphone have been equipped with various features and one of them is the short message service (SMS). However, messages sent via mobile phone networks pose threat to be accessed by people who do not have any authorization. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on the development of software to enhance the security of messages through message encryption and decryption features. This application uses Java programming language with SDK (Software Development Kit) Android and Android Studio 1.3.1 as an editor. The initial step of this research is to encrypt the original message to produce the ciphertext message. The second step is to decrypt ciphertext incoming messages to become genuine message. Results from this research are an Android-based application that can perform encryption and decryption of the SMS messages using the RC6 algorithm. With the application of cryptography for SMS messages, the expected level of information security of the message can be improved so that the message will be more secure from unauthorized access.

(In)sensitivity to incoherence in human communication

Human sensitivity to conversational coherence is often taken as a given, but there is reason to suppose that tolerance of incoherence is greater than assumed. In Galantucci and Roberts's (2014) laboratory study, participants showed surprising insensitivity to incoherence introduced by randomly crossing their conversations. In that study, however, it was impossible to control the nature of the incoherence. Here, we present a study in which we replaced genuine messages with messages guaranteed not to fit well with the conversation. Inserted messages were incoherent either with respect to task-relevant information or with respect to a salient social category, the interlocutor's gender. More than a third of participants failed to notice the incoherence. This provides evidence that the transmission of information in linguistic interaction is, contrary to widespread assumptions, not subject to reliable monitoring or regulation.

Using technology to promote social inclusion in residential care

Introduction: Lack of social contact is a known risk factor for poor health outcomes, especially when an individual lives alone, is older and possibly in poor health since isolation can create the conditions for problems with older people’s physical and mental health (Loneliness amongst older people and the impact of family connections WRVS 2012). As more and more services are being delivered online, it is more important than ever that users have the skills and confidence to use technology. People living in communal environments may find it particularly problematic to access essential services and remain part of their communities. Tunstall’s myworld is a range of applications accessed via an easy-to-use touchscreen tablet, designed to promote independence, inclusion and wellbeing by providing a safe, simple means of connecting people with their care providers, friends, family and other services. Aims: myworld has been designed to provide people who are unfamiliar with technology with a secure environment for communication, giving users with control over important aspects of their day-to-day lives. The system has been created to support older people with long-term health and care needs in particular, especially those residing in communal housing and assisted living settings. Methods: The myworld solution has been developed as the result of a number of research initiatives and trial projects; Virtex & Sheffield University and DALLAS Technology Strategy Board project. Tunstall conducted product trials within a number of sheltered housing schemes to identify key user needs, using 12 individual applications pre-installed on a Toshiba AT400 touch screen tablet device. With myworld, residents can: • Manage appointments, such as care visits or property repairs • Control meal orders and other services • Get involved in social events and develop skills • Send/receive messages/emails to keep in touch with family and friends International Journal of Integrated Care – Volume 14, 01 November – URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-116529– http://www.ijic.org/ International Digital Health and Care Congress, The King’s Fund, London, September 10-12 2014. • Access a photo gallery and information, such as a calendar and news The research that was conducted during the field trial found that residents had three main requirements: never feeling alone, richer communications and extended independence. Results: The device’s simplified user interface enabled residents with no prior technical experience to have easier access to their housing services and the wider community, reducing the feeling of being socially isolated and promoting independence. myworld’s address book ensures only messages from known contacts are received, giving users the reassurance they will only receive genuine messages from people known to them. The device also empowers users to easily organise and manage activities and appointments, helping to ensure attendance at planned events. myworld’s CarePortal is accessible via any web browser and gives site managers with a means of interacting and communicating with all residents on a one to one basis or broadcasting to all, saving time, providing a better residential experience and streamlining staff’s work flow. Staff can make residents aware of forthcoming events, supporting engagement in social activities and greater inclusion. Initial results from the pilot survey found that: • 100% of residents envisaged using myworld every day • 71% of residents feel more included and up to date as a result of having myworld

FRI-04 TRANSLATION OF TEXTBOOKS: POPULARIZING THE SPECIALTY OF UROLOGY – THE CASE OF LEOPOLD CASPER

tubes and capsules. Some pictures shows what may represent an ovary with roe-like mass of ova, portion of them being discharged. Fine seeds(sperm) are moving towards the ova. The larger seeds shown as tadpole-like objects with head and tail, closely resemble spermatozoon. Another drawing looks like the union of a sperm with an ovum. CONCLUSIONS: Despite multiple attempts, the Manuscript remains uncoded.While the author of the Manuscript is unknown, recent radiocarbon test has found parchment pages date back to the early 15th century. In addition, a new linguistic study strongly suggests that the Manuscript is not a hoax but may hold meaningful words and a genuine message. The author must use a microscope-like device to observe sperm and ova, and understand an interaction between them. Spermatozoa were officially discovered by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1677. The discovery of the human ovum was made by Karl Ernst von Baer in 1827. The fusion of sperm and egg during fertilization was observed only in 19th century. If ever decoded, the Manuscript might change our knowledge about real discovery of spermatozoa, ova and fertilization mechanisms.

Keywords and Co-Occurrence Patterns in the Voynich Manuscript: An Information-Theoretic Analysis

The Voynich manuscript has remained so far as a mystery for linguists and cryptologists. While the text written on medieval parchment -using an unknown script system- shows basic statistical patterns that bear resemblance to those from real languages, there are features that suggested to some researches that the manuscript was a forgery intended as a hoax. Here we analyse the long-range structure of the manuscript using methods from information theory. We show that the Voynich manuscript presents a complex organization in the distribution of words that is compatible with those found in real language sequences. We are also able to extract some of the most significant semantic word-networks in the text. These results together with some previously known statistical features of the Voynich manuscript, give support to the presence of a genuine message inside the book.

연구자로서의 교사를 위한 COLT 활용 의사소통중심 영어수업 관찰

Jeon, Young-Joo. 2011. An Observation of a Communicative English Class Using COLT for Teachers as Researchers. Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics, 11-3, 649-676. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the COLT(Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching) observation scheme and to describe how to use the scheme in actual Korean English classrooms. COLT has been utilized in second language classroom research since 1980. Using COLT is a comprehensive way to code and calculate English classroom events, COLT can be used in a variety of English classroom studies especially for the teachers as researchers who want to improve their communicative English teaching skill based on practical educational environments. COLT parts A and B were used to investigate the level of communication for the English class which was nominated as the top of the English Teaching Awards by the government. The result of the study revealed that students who participated in the class communicated their genuine messages in English. It is also recommended that this kind of classroom observation like COLT be utilized to develop an appropriate rubric for selecting good English teachers through the use of a teachers' exam as well as judging a prominent English class involving characteristics of enhancing communicative competence in English. It is expected that more diverse and systematic communicative English classroom research can be conducted in the future with a widened use of COLT.

Dramaturgi Poligami

Polygamy always creating conflicts, not only from non Islamic, but also inside Islamic people as well. Although polygamy is allowed by Islam, cultural barrier and negative perceptions spread among people made polygamy was practiced under hidden circumstance. This phenomenon created controversies, and an analysis based on dramaturgy theory of Goffmann would be best to examine the practice. The research found that management impression occurred both in back stage as well as in front stage. The actor is the husband who tried to improve his image by showing off his loyalty toward his first wife. Front stage and back stage are mixed, and in order to trace the genuine message, one must focus on nonverbal message implied in communication process among the pair(s).

The religion of Jesus the Jew

This book completes a trilogy which started in 1973 with Jesus the Jew and continued ten years later with the appearance of Jesus and the World of Judaism, by a leading Jewish expert on the history and literature of Jesus' time whose name is especially associated with work on the Dead Sea Scrolls. Like its predecessors, it is one man's reading of the Synoptic Gospels of Mark, Matthew and Luke. It does not offer a survey of scholarly views or a discussion of competing theories but focusses on the New Testament material and what can be understood from it. It is primarily addressed to readers whose expertise lies outside the Bible, the New Testament and theology, namely those interested in ancient religions, history and culture, and especially in Judaism, though of course biblical scholars and theologians will find much that is fascinating in it. Christians ignorant or unconcerned about the historical reality behind their faith may, however, find many of its pages, and above all the final chapter, disturbing. For Professor Vermes argues that Jesus, enthusiastic herald of the imminent Kingdom of God, could not have entertained the idea of founding and setting into motion an organized society intended to endure for. ages to come. He died in despair, with his heart broken, for having done the wrong thing in the wrong place at the wrong time. The genuine message of Jesus confronts Christianity with its greatest challenge and at the same time constitutes a powerful appeal to those outside the fold of organized religion. Geza Vermes is a Fellow of the British Acad6my and Professor Emeritus of Jewish Studies in the University of Oxford.

The Modern Note in Seneca's Letters

The literary world is prone to eye askance one who mingles types, or, to borrow a phrase from Latin comedy, practices contaminatio. In the drama, lyric, no matter how inspiring, must be subordinate to the action; for this reason the public has not bestowed immortality upon George Darley, the belated Elizabethan. Nor will the lyric itself permit much moralizing; for this reason many of Wordsworth's poems met with a storm of disapproval. If the epic ceases to tell a story and dwells too much upon description, the reader is wearied; for this reason the narrative poetry of Southey and Landor is no longer read except by the specialist or the curio-hunter. Seneca was similarly handicapped; his prose could not be identified with the direct study of oratory, as could that of his father; nor with the drama of history, as Tacitus; nor with the professional side of Stoicism, as Epictetus; nor with the descriptive charms of an epistolographer like Pliny. In the Epistulae morales, he has tried to write a personal letter, to move his correspondent with the beauty of philosophy and virtue, to deal directly with the throbbing facts of his own epoch, and to suggest remedies for its shortcomings. Hence he is judged at every point of approach. And it is only by virtue of his message to the world of today, to his modern element, that we can insist on his enduring value. I hope to show, perhaps by a sort of paradox, that this very mixing of literary types, this habit of scorning the liturgical form, has resulted in the catholicity of his appeal to so many thinkers in subsequent ages. It is well known that his successors under the empire subjected him to much criticism. He was a puzzle to his own contemporaries. Just as some gifted Hibernian, who settles in the literary world of London and conceals a genuine message beneath the mask of paradox and pose, is greeted with cheers of approval and hisses of scorn,