General Physical Status Research Articles

Changes in indicators of well-being on moving from home to long-term care for Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand: A retrospective cohort study.

To investigate changes in well-being measures for older Māori after moving from community to long-term care (LTC). We undertook a retrospective cohort study of older Māori in New Zealand (NZ) who had received assessments for their health needs whilst living at home (interRAI-HC assessment) as well as a subsequent assessment after moving into a care facility (interRAI-LTCF). All interRAI-HC assessments from 01 July 2013 to 21 December 2018 were identified and matched to LTCF assessments that were undertaken at least 6 months later. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the difference in proportion of variables of interest (indicative of movement, socialising, sleep and nutrition, alongside general physical and mental health status) between participants' HC and subsequent LTCF assessments. Changes in well-being measures were investigated among 1531 Māori (mean age 76.2 years, 61% female). Odds of having a fall (OR: 0.40 [95% CI 0.34, 0.48]), being lonely (OR: 0.13 [95% CI 0.09, 0.18]), sleeping difficulty (OR: 0.74 [95% CI 0.60, 0.91]) and fatigue (OR: 0.18 [95% CI 0.14, 0.23]) reduced on moving to LTC. However, the presence of depression (OR 3.96 [95% CI 2.58, 6.09]) and dependence with locomotion (OR 1.56 [95% CI 1.23, 1.97]) significantly increased when moving from home to LTC. Despite some indicators of functional and health-related decline, significant improvements are also apparent across multiple domains of well-being. Further investigation of resident and family perceptions of well-being in association with a move to LTC is warranted.

Multidimensional Measure of Well-Being, Translation, Factor Structure, Measurement Invariance, Reliability and Validity of the PERMA-Profiler in Spain

The main objective of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler in a Spanish context. The PERMA-Profiler, developed by Butler & Kern (Int J Wellbeing 6(3):1-48, 2016) to measure Seligman’s (Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being, 2011) PERMA model of flourishing, consists of five domains that assess well-being: Positive Emotion (P), Engagement (E), Relationships (R), Meaning (M), and Accomplishment (A). We translated and adapted the PERMA-Profiler, analyzed the instrument’s reliability, its validity based on an internal structure through three confirmatory factor analyses, gender and age invariance, and its convergent and discriminant validity. A total of 2525 participants completed all measures. The results of the analyses to confirm the internal consistency are very acceptable in all the domains and in Overall Well-being (PERMA), except for the Engagement domain. The results of three confirmatory factor analyses show that the model of five independent interrelated factors (domains) presents the best fit. The analysis shows the invariance across gender and age groups. The analyses of the convergent validity show that are positively and significantly related to satisfaction with life (SWLS), to the six evaluated dimensions of psychological well-being (PWB), to positive affect (PANAS) and dispositional optimism (LOT-R) and the general physical and mental health status (SF-36). The discriminant validity analyses show that are related negatively and significantly to negative affect (PANAS), the total score of depression (BDI-II) and the Cognitive-Affective and Somatic-Motivational factors. The findings of this study indicate that the PERMA-Profiler is transferable to the Spanish context, and the Spanish version is a reliable and valid measure of well-being.

Physical functional recovery in the early period after hospitalization for COVID-19: impact of hypertension and outcome prediction model

The aim – to study the influence of hypertension (HT) on the dynamics of natural recovery of physical functional status in the early period after hospitalization for COVID-19 and to develop a model for predicting recovery results at 1 month after discharge.Materials and methods. 221 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (age 53.4±13.6 years, 53 % women) were included in the study, 176 of whom underwent the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) using an extended protocol within 1-2 days before discharge. A repeat visit to assess the dynamics of natural recovery was performed at 1 month after discharge.Results and discussion. Pre-discharge 6-minute walk distance was 378±57 m in patients with HT and 418±75 m without it, p=0.001, during the second visit – 440±52 versus 478±68, p=0.002; the achieved percentage of the individually predicted distance was 67.4±10.5 vs. 69.5±13.6 % and 81.6±9.9 vs. 81.9±15.7 %, respectively, p>0.05 for both visits. The increase in heart rate during the test at visit 1 was 18.5±8.3 versus 30.1±19.3 bpm, p<0.001, the percentage of chronotropic reserve utilizatoin was 21.3±9.6 % versus 29.2±11.4 %, p<0.001. During the second visit, residual manifestations of this trend were observed, with an increase in HR by 24.0±9.5 vs. 30.8±12.1, p=0.003 and the use of chronotropic reserve of 28.1±10.1 % vs. 33.4±12.4 %, respectively, p=0.029. The developed multivariate linear regression model explained 59 % of the variability in the achieved percentage of the individually predicted 6-minute walk distance at 1 month after discharge. The use of machine learning allowed to create an artificial neural network based regression model that used age, height, use of remdesivir in treatment, and SBP and DBP values at the time of discharge as predictors, and explained 90 % of observed variability.Conclusions. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were characterized by a decrease in the general physical functional status as assessed by 6MWT at the time of discharge and incomplete recovery after 1 month. Presence of hypertension was associated with more pronounced disturbances of the autonomic regulation of heart rate, but did not affect the reached percentage of the distance walked. The proposed artificial neural network based regression model allows for a high accuracy prediction of the 6MWT results at 1 month after discharge, which can be used in the selection of candidates for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Оценка качества жизни женщин разных возрастных групп по уровню физического и функционального состояния после хирургического лечения рака молочной железы.

Purpose of the study: to assess the quality of life in terms of the level of physical and functional condition in women of different age groups who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted using the international questionnaire FACT-G and the FACT-B module among women who underwent radical surgery for breast cancer (I–II stages). The study included women (186 people) who underwent a full course of treatment in a hospital, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The respondents were divided into age groups. The share of urban residents was 69,0%, rural – 31,0%. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using the STATISTIKA. Results. The study of the quality of life of patients after surgical treatment for breast cancer on a scale of physical well-being revealed features in different age groups. Significant differences were noted on physical scales. With increasing age, there is a significant deterioration in the general physical status and its components. The most pronounced symptoms of negative physical well-being are typical for the age group of 41–50 years. With age (61–70 years and older), symptoms such as weakness began to appear (in 58,3% of respondents). More than 90% of women in this age group indicated that, due to their physical condition, it is difficult for them to help their family. With increasing age, the functional state of the organism of the respondents is characterized by a pronounced negative attitude towards life’s pleasures. The symmetrical distribution of positive and negative answers among middle-aged respondents indicates the functional instability of women. There were no significant differences in the physical and functional state of respondents from urban and rural residents. Conclusion. The complex of medical, social and psychological problems that lead to a deterioration in the quality of life of women who have undergone surgical treatment for breast cancer requires a comprehensive medical and social approach to the rehabilitation of this contingent, involving the participation of various specialists from medical organizations, as well as society and, of course, the family. Conclusions. It is necessary to monitor the quality of life of women who have undergone radical surgical treatment, not only at the stage of early rehabilitation, but also in subsequent years of life, as well as to dynamically monitor the progress and effectiveness of dispensary observation and rehabilitation of this contingent.

Investigation of mid-term functional skills and psychological factors in female patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

Background/Aim: Previous studies have yielded conflicting clinical, psychological, and functional outcomes in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to more precisely evaluate the clinical outcomes, mid-term general physical and psychological health status, functional abilities, and improvements in patients’ quality-of-life undergoing TKA. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 25 female patients older than 55 years who underwent unilateral TKA due to osteoarthritis (OA). The Five Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test (5STS), Stair-Climbing Test (SCT), 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) scores of the patients were evaluated using means. Meanwhile, the Lower Limb Length (LLL), Navicular Drop Test (NDT), Proprioception Assessment, Foot Posture Index (FPI-6), Foot Function Index (FFI), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) were evaluated by comparing the operated (OP) sides that underwent TKA with the non-operated (NONOP) sides diagnosed with OA. Results: The study found that LLL (P=0.001), abduction/adduction forefoot on rearfoot (ABD) (P=0.017), and T.FPI-6 (P=0.014) in the FPI-6 parameters, as well as KOOS (P<0.001), OKS (P<0.001), LEFS (P<0.001), and FFI (P<0.001) results, were significantly in favor of the OP limb. Besides some parameters in FPI-6, no significant difference was found between the OP and NONOP extremities in terms of prone and supine proprioception values (P>0.05). Conclusion: Overall, it was found that TKA plays a crucial role in recovery and regaining functional skills. Including preoperative evaluations with a control group and patients of both sexes in future studies and examining the relationships between the conducted tests and scales may contribute to better evaluating the results.

Social Isolation and Loneliness in a Population Study of Cognitive Impairment: The MYHAT Study.

In this study, we examined associations of social isolation and loneliness with cognitive impairment among older adults from a Rust Belt region in Southwest Pennsylvania. We used data from the population-based Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) study. We found that (a) 11 items combined into two reliable composites of social isolation and loneliness; (b) unique to this study, providing unpaid help to others was an indicator of reduced social isolation; (c) social isolation and loneliness were positively associated with cognitive impairment; and (d) these associations were appreciably attenuated by general health and physical functional status and depressive symptoms, respectively. We concluded that social isolation and loneliness are differentially associated with older adults' cognitive health, and that their effects might operate through separate pathways. Approaches to address social isolation and loneliness should consider the community context and its implications for older adults' cognitive health.

Exergaming and education: a relational model for games selection and evaluation.

Exergaming, or technology-driven physical exercise, has gained popularity in recent years. Its applications include physical education, health promotion, and rehabilitation. Although studies have obtained promising results regarding the positive effects of exergaming, the outcomes of exergaming for different populations remain undetermined. Inconsistencies in the literature on this topic have multiple potential explanations, including the content and demand of the exergames and the capability of the exergamer. A model with a sound theoretical framework is required to facilitate matching between games and gamers. This article proposes a relational model based on a matrix of Bloom's taxonomy of learning domains and the performance components of exergames. Appropriate matching of the physical demands of an exergame and the ability of the exergamer would enhance the effective usage of exergaming for individuals with various needs. This theory-based exergame model is developed to promote the general development, physical status, and psychosocial well-being of students, older adults, and individuals with rehabilitation needs. This model may provide a resource for future research on the application, effectiveness, and design of exergaming.

Caregivers’ Self-Rated General Health, Physical and Mental Health Status, Disease Morbidity and Association with Uncontrolled Asthma in Children

This study examined the association between caregivers' self-rated general health, poor physical/mental health days, disease morbidity and asthma control in children from the United States with current asthma. The data analyzed for this study were obtained from 7522 children aged 0-17 years who participated in the 2012-2014, 2015-2017, 2018, and 2019 cycles of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS). We employed univariate analysis to describe the study population and weighted binary logistic regression to examine the association of predictors with asthma control. Approximately 50% of the children had uncontrolled asthma. The results show that caregivers who reported fair general health had a 61% higher likelihood of reporting uncontrolled asthma in their children compared to those who reported good/very good/excellent health (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-2.26). Poor caregiver general health did not reach statistical significance in predicting uncontrolled asthma (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI, 0.62-1.75). Furthermore, having 1 to 14 poor physical/mental health days ([aOR] = 1.70; 95% CI, 1.28-2.227) and ≥15 poor physical/mental health days (aOR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.31-2.53) was predictive of uncontrolled asthma in children. Additionally, endorsing one reported disease (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI, 1.15-1.93) and ≥2 diseases (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI, 1.08-1.78) was associated with uncontrolled child asthma. These findings underscore the association between caregivers' self-reported general health, poor mental/physical health days, disease morbidity and uncontrolled asthma among children from the U.S. with asthma. Pediatricians and child health practitioners should recall the importance of this relationship. To facilitate the identification of caregivers at risk and provide more comprehensive and effective care for children with asthma, healthcare practitioners should utilize every child asthma care encounter to inquire about the overall health of caregivers.

Pandemic process status questionnaire: Development and psychometric properties

The pandemic process has caused significant changes in many areas of daily life. The aim is to develop a new questionnaire to evaluate the changes that occurred during the pandemic process and to examine the psychometric properties of this questionnaire. For face validity, 10 individuals were asked to interpret the questions. The Pandemic Process Status Questionnaire was tested with the help of a questionnaire created with the help of Google Forms. In order to evaluate the content validity, the content validity index and content validity ratio were used in line with the opinions of 7 experts. A pilot test was carried out. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for construct validity. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version was used for convergence validity. A total of 25 items with an impact score of less than 1.5 in face validity were deleted. According to the content validity index, 15 items and 21 items according to the content validity rate were removed. In the pilot application, 5 items with an item-total correlation below 0.3 were deleted. The results of the exploratory factor analysis provided 6 dimensions: general status, physical status, psychological status, social and economic status, concerns about the pandemic, and eating habits. This structure explained 71.77% of the total variance. The questionnaire showed a weak correlation with the World Health Organization quality of life-Short Form (r=0.26). The Pandemic Process Status Questionnaire is a short and valid tool to summarize the situation encountered during the pandemic process.

Effect of a Remotely Delivered Self-directed Behavioral Intervention on Body Weight and Physical Health Status Among Adults With Obesity

The effectiveness of remotely delivered, self-directed, weight loss programs in routine clinical practice is largely unknown. To test whether a self-directed, remotely administered behavioral lifestyle intervention improves weight and self-reported general health status compared with usual care. In this randomized clinical trial, 511 adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more and less than 45 (based on electronic health record [EHR] weight and height), were enrolled from 30 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) sites between February 15, 2018, and December 18, 2018 (final follow-up February 18, 2021). Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 254) or the control group (n = 257). Both received usual care. Participants randomized to the intervention received Diabetes Prevention Program-based self-directed videos, handouts, and coaching messages via an online platform or US mail for 12 months. Coprimary outcomes were weight measured in primary care and recorded in the EHR and self-reported general health status using the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) physical component score (PCS; higher scores are better [range, 0-100]) at the 12-month follow-up. The between-group minimal clinically important differences are 3 kg for weight and 5 points for the SF-12 PCS. Linear mixed models used weights and SF-12 PCS measured at either time point, with participants analyzed according to randomization assignment. Statistical significance for each coprimary outcome was based on a 2-sided α level of .025. Among 511 participants randomized (mean age, 57.4 [SD, 13.9] years; 231 female [45%]), 429 (84.0%) had EHR-based weights and 410 (80.2%) had SF-12 PCS data at 12 months. The unadjusted mean weight at 12 months declined from 102.7 kg to 99.8 kg in the intervention group compared with 101.9 kg to 101.0 kg in the control group (adjusted between-group mean difference, -1.93 [97.5% CI, -3.24 to -0.61]; P = .001). At 12 months, the unadjusted mean SF-12 PCS scores declined from 44.8 to 44.3 among intervention participants compared with 44.5 to 43.2 among control participants (adjusted between-group mean difference, intervention minus control, 0.69 [97.5% CI, -1.11 to 2.49]; P = .39). Cardiovascular events represented the highest percentage of serious adverse events, accounting for 25% of events in the intervention group and 35% in the control group. Among adults with obesity, a remotely delivered self-directed, behavioral lifestyle intervention, compared with usual care, resulted in statistically significantly greater weight loss at 12 months, although the difference was not clinically important. There was no significant difference in self-reported general physical health status at 12 months. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03260140.

HUBUNGAN STATUS FISIK ASA DENGAN WAKTU PULIH SADAR PADA PASIEN PASCA ANESTESI UMUM DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA

Surgery is an invasive method of treatment that is carried out by making incisions in parts of human body. Patients undergoing surgery are given general anesthesia which is an act of eliminating pain centrally with loss of consciousness and there are effects or components of hypnotics, analgesics, muscle relaxation known as the triad of anesthesia. Patients under general anesthesia will recover and regain consciousness. There are several factors that can affect the length of time patient recovers, one of which is ASA physical status. ASA physical status is the physical status of pre general anesthesia patients which is divided into 6 classifications according to American Society of Anesthesiologists. This study aims to determine the relationship between ASA physical status and recovery time in patients after general anesthesia. This research applied quantitative research with cross sectional. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, obtained 35 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis using Spearman correlation test. Results of this research showed that the difference in the average recovery time in patients with pre general anesthesia physical status criteria ASA I (13 minutes), ASA II (24 minutes), ASA III (34 minutes 44 seconds). The results of the Spearman correlation test to determine the relationship between ASA physical status and time to recover consciously obtained the results of 0,000 (p < 0,05), meaning that there is significant correlation between ASA physical status and recovery time in patients after general anesthesia.

Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Wearable Sensors in Healthcare Delivery

Artificial intelligence (AI) and wearable sensors are gradually transforming healthcare service delivery from the traditional hospital-centred model to the personal-portable-device-centred model. Studies have revealed that this transformation can provide an intelligent framework with automated solutions for clinicians to assess patients’ general health. Often, electronic systems are used to record numerous clinical records from patients. Vital sign data, which are critical clinical records are important traditional bioindicators for assessing a patient’s general physical health status and the degree of derangement happening from the baseline of the patient. The vital signs include blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart pulse rate. Knowing vital signs is the first critical step for any clinical evaluation, they also give clues to possible diseases and show progress towards illness recovery or deterioration. Techniques in machine learning (ML), a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), have recently demonstrated an ability to improve analytical procedures when applied to clinical records and provide better evidence supporting clinical decisions. This literature review focuses on how researchers are exploring several benefits of embracing AI techniques and wearable sensors in tasks related to modernizing and optimizing healthcare data analyses. Likewise, challenges concerning issues associated with the use of ML and sensors in healthcare data analyses are also discussed. This review consequently highlights open research gaps and opportunities found in the literature for future studies.

BENEFÍCIOS DO CURSO OPCIONAL DE KUNG FU SOBRE A SAÚDE FÍSICA DOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS

ABSTRACT Objective: This paper examines the benefits of the optional Kung Fu course on students’ physical health. Methods: Specific strategies promoting elective Kung Fu courses in Chinese universities are presented after analyzing the current situation of university students’ psychophysical health. Results: According to the characteristics of martial arts students, providing effective sports intervention is an important demand for educators. Its development is also an important feature of modern sports and medicine. Conclusions: According to the analysis of the general physical status of Chinese college students at the current stage, students in ordinary colleges and universities should pay more attention to the importance of sports activities for students’ physical quality and mental health education when participating in sports activities. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Prediction model study focusing on eHealth in the management of urinary incontinence: the Personalised Advantage Index as a decision-making aid

ObjectiveTo develop a prediction model and illustrate the practical potential of personalisation of treatment decisions between app-based treatment and care as usual for urinary incontinence (UI).DesignA prediction model study using...

Comparison of factors influencing fall recurrence in the young-old and old-old: a cross-sectional nationwide study in South Korea

BackgroundRecurrent falls are a concerning problem in the elderly. Elderly people aged > 65 years who are prone to fall often require medical treatment for severe fall-related injuries, which is associated with a substantial financial burden. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors related to recurrent falls in the community-dwelling young-old (65–74 years old) and old-old (≥ 75 years) in South Korea.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional, correlation design. Data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans were used, and 5,838 young-old and 4,205 old-old elderly people were included in the analysis. The questionnaire included general characteristics, fall experience, physical status, mental status, and presence of chronic diseases. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn the young-old elderly people, limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), use of visual aids (p = .002), cognitive function (p < .001), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .005), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and number of prescribed medications used (p = .006) associated with fall recurrence. In the old-old elderly people, having a spouse (p = .034), being a beneficiary of the National Basic Livelihood Security System (p = .025), less exercise (p = .003), limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), visual aid use (p = .002), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .015), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and presence of Parkinson's disease (p < .001) associated with fall recurrence.ConclusionsThis study identified differences in factors related to fall recurrence between the young-old and old-old elderly. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to implement an intervention program to prevent fall recurrence by age group in consideration of the risk factors for fall recurrence in each elderly people group.

The Effect of Exercise-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation on Quality of Life in Recovered COVID-19 Patients; a Quasi-Experimental Study

Introduction:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a variety of physical and emotional disorders, and subsequently lower Quality of Life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 2-week exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation on clinical characteristics and QOL of severe COVID-19 patients after discharge from intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:In this quasi-experimental study, eligible severe COVID-19 cases, who had survived and were discharged from ICU were selected using convenience sampling method. O2 saturation (SpO2), pulse rate, dyspnea, and QOL were evaluated and compared before and after two weeks of exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).Results:35 cases with the mean age of 57.86 ± 11.73 (18-75) years were studied (51.4% female). The mean SpO2 increased from 90.41 ± 3.97 to 95.11 ± 1.96% after two weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation (p<0.0001). In addition, the mean pulse rate (98.97±16.23 to 88.91±14.03 pulse/minute; p<0.001) and the mean dyspnea severity (5.6±1.97 to 3.45±1.97; p<0.0001) decreased after two weeks of intervention. Besides, the mean total QOL and its dimensions, including general health (p<0.0001), physical status (p<0.0001), emotional status (p = 0.036), and social function (p<0.0001) of patients, had significantly increased after intervention. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it seems that two-week exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation could be effective in increasing the SpO2, decreasing dyspnea and pulse rate, and improving the QOL of patients with severe COVID-19 after discharge from ICU.

Застосування тест-ортезів на нижні кінцівки для визначення фізичних можливостей та реабілітаційного потенціалу осіб із тяжкими порушеннями функції опори й ходьби

Застосування тест-ортезів на нижні кінцівки для визначення фізичних можливостей та реабілітаційного потенціалу осіб із тяжкими порушеннями функції опори й ходьби

Effect of Exposure to Cement Dust on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate of Cement Factory Workers

Background: Pollutants exerted from different industries are hazardous for both employees and the environment. Though cement industry is playing a key role in economic growth but is a major source of air pollution. Its exposure affects pulmonary functions due to alteration of structural and functional properties of lung. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) is a simple, less expensive pulmonary function test which can be done by spirometer to detect obstructive changes in the respiratory tract.This study is aimed to assess the effect of cement dust on peak expiratory flow rate of workers, those who are exposed to cement dust directly in cement factory.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram in collaboration with Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd at Chattogram from January 2018 to December 2018. Total 88 male workers with age ranged from 20 to 45 years were included in this study by consecutive sampling method. Case group workers were selected from those who were working at least two years in direct contact of cement dust and control group were from office workers of same factory those who were not in direct contact of cement. 44 subjects were included in each group. A predesigned data collection form was filled up by the researcher,which contained information regarding general physical status, job history, present and past disease, drug history of workers. Individual’s height, weight was measured and BMI was calculated. PEFR was assessed by a portable digital spirometer (Chestgraph HI-101, Japan) in upright sitting posture. After compiling data,statistical analyses were done by using SPSS version Windows 25. Unpaired student's 't' test was done for statistical analysis.&#x0D; Results: PEFR of Control and Case group was 7.84±2.21 L/sec and 5.73±1.79 L/sec respectively. In this study Case group showed significant reduction of PEFR (p&lt;0.001) compared to Control group workers.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study result concluded that occupational exposure to cement dust has deleterious effect on lung which is evident by reduced Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) of cement exposed workers.&#x0D; JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (1) : 72-77

Physical and Psychosocial Donation Experiences Of Older Adult Related HSC Donors (>60 yrs.) Compared To Those Of Younger Adult Donors

During the past two decades, there have been multiple investigations of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) donor safety and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). During this same time period, there have been few investigations of related donor safety and HRQoL – particularly older related donors. Co-morbid conditions may be particularly likely to affect the risk of donation to related donors >60 years of age. As older related siblings are increasingly asked to donate, it is critical to understand HRQoL in this group. Findings presented here are the first from a 5-year investigation of related donor safety and HRQoL (RDSafe). The goal was to compare HRQoL among older adult related donors to that of younger related and unrelated adult donors.Participants included older adult related HSC donors (ages >60 yrs; n=106) and adult related (n=55) and unrelated (n=46) HSC donors ages 18-60 who donated PBSCs at domestic U.S. centers between 3/2010 and 4/2013. Findings presented here are based on structured telephone interviews completed pre-donation and 4 weeks post-donation. Interviews focused on socio-demographics, physical and mental health status, and donation-related perceptions using well-validated instruments. Odds-ratios for dichotomous variables and t-tests for continuous variables were used to examine pre- and post-donation differences (older donors versus the two younger donor groups). DemographicsAs expected, given known demographic differences between the groups, older related donors were less likely to be employed, and more likely be white, married, and to have children. Pre-donation psychosocial and donation-related: Pre-donation, older related donors reported higher importance of religion/spirituality (t=2.60; p<0.01) than did younger unrelated donors and better general emotional health (SF-12v2) than did both younger groups (unrelated t=2.26; p<0.03; related t=2.05; p=0.04). They did not differ from either of the two younger groups on other psychosocial variables (e.g., depression, anxiety). Older donors were less ambivalent about (t=-2.47; p<0.05) and more satisfied with the decision to donate (t=2.51; p<0.05) than were younger unrelated donors. They did not differ on these variables from younger related donors. Older donors were less likely to have consulted family/friends about the donation (OR=0.35; 0.13-0.98) than younger unrelated donors but more likely to have consulted professionals than either of the younger groups (younger unrelated OR=2.70; 1.30-5.56; younger related OR=1.96; 1.01-3.85). Older donors were less likely to have been discouraged by others from donating (OR=0.45; 0.21-0.95) and more likely to have been encouraged (OR=2.50; 1.12-5.56) than younger unrelated donors – they did not differ from younger related donors on these variables. Although older donors reported poorer general pre-donation physical status (SF-12v2) than did both younger groups (unrelated t=-3.67; p<0.001; related t=-3.25; p=0.001), they did not differ from either younger group on any of 14 donation-related medical/work/family concerns about donation. Donation experience/effects: Although older donors continued to report somewhat poorer post-donation general health status than did younger unrelated donors (t=-2.25; p=0.03), they were less likely to report that the donation was painful (unrelated t=-1.90; p=0.06; related t=-2.28; p=0.02) and less likely to have taken pain medication than younger unrelated donors during the donation process (OR=0.36; 0.17-0.76). They were also less likely to report that they would feel responsible if the donation was not successful than were either younger group (unrelated t=-2.12; p<0.05; related t=-2.44; p=0.02). There were no differences between older and younger donors in the proportion that felt back to normal by the post-donation interview or any of 12 other donation-related side effects.These findings are very reassuring, as older donors are increasingly being asked to donate for their siblings. Despite having somewhat poorer overall general health that is likely age-related, the fact that older donors experience similar – and in some domains better – donation-related HRQoL compared to younger donors is a critical finding. Further data from this study detailing specific medical toxicities experienced by these older related donors will help better understand how to counsel these donors pre-collection. Disclosures:No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Factors Associated with the Development of Persistent Pain after mTBI

BackgroundPersistent pain after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is widely experienced, yet little is known about who is at risk for experiencing persistent pain after their injury. AimsThe purpose of this study was to 1) determine if there are factors associated with later experiencing persistent pain after mTBI and 2) examine if there are symptom patterns associated with the experience of persistent pain. DesignSecondary analysis was conducted using de-identified data from an NIH-funded longitudinal study.SettingsParticipants were enrolled in the emergency department. ParticipantsParticipants were aged 21 to 92 and all had experienced mTBI. MethodsWe examined baseline characteristics, symptoms, and injury related variables associated with the endorsement of persistent pain among those with mTBI (N = 183) from baseline to 6 months post-injury. In order to identify a persistent pain phenotype, exploratory factor analysis was used to determine which symptoms co-occur with persistent pain. ResultsPersistent pain was found in 78% of those with mTBI. Those with lower overall health status at day 7 and at 1-month following injury had greater odds of developing persistent pain. Those with higher levels of general health status and physical function health status at day 7 and 1 month, and those with higher levels of overall health related status at 1 month had significantly lesser odds of persistent pain at 6 months. Factor analysis revealed that persistent pain and co-occurring symptoms (anxiety, depression, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, sleep disturbance, poor memory, poor concentration, longer to think and light sensitivity) loaded on one factor, indicating that these symptoms are associated. ConclusionsThose at increased risk for persistent pain should be screened beginning early in the recovery trajectory to reduce their risk of developing persistent pain. Identification of a phenotype offers potential for recognition of symptoms that cluster with persistent pain, improving the ability to treat patients more holistically, and develop interventions to support recovery from injury.