Conserving and regenerating the High Atlas cultural landscapes: gendered perspectives from the local Amazigh communities

Background: Gender equality is a foundational aspect of the nursing profession. However, there is limited documentation of how gender considerations were incorporated into policy-making during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored nurses’ perspectives on gender equality policies during the pandemic response phase. Materials and Methods: A qualitative content analysis was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses working in COVID-19 wards. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, continuing until data saturation. Data were analyzed following Graneheim and Lundman’s method. Results: The central theme identified was “gender inequality in management policies and resource allocation,” derived from four categories: Inefficient management, inequality in interactions, inequality in resource management, and inadequate attention to staff needs. Nurses reported experiencing gender bias in decision-making and observed unequal access to resources and support during the pandemic. Conclusion: Nurses perceived significant gender inequality in policy-making during the COVID-19 response phase. Health system leaders and policymakers should prioritize gender equity in all stages of disaster preparedness and response. Further research is necessary to explore gender perspectives in similar high-stress healthcare environments.

ABSTRACT Background Globally, gender inequalities and inequities persist in the food system, with women lacking access to productive resources and decision-making roles. Policy can help address these issues, but the extent of gender consideration in policy in low- and middle-income countries remains unclear. Objective The study aimed to document how governments are addressing gender issues in food systems for healthy diets and suggest ways to enhance gender responsiveness of policy with specific reference to fruit and vegetables. Methods We used the Food Systems Framework and a gender and food systems analytical framework to analyze food systems policy documents relating to fruits and vegetables in Benin, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Tanzania. Data were synthesized in a matrix to identify strengths and gaps in current policies to support vegetable production, distribution and consumption as part of healthy diets. Results Although there was some diversity in approaches to gender in the policies in study countries, there were common findings across countries including the underrepresentation of women in policy-making processes, and limited integration of gender issues in food system policy that limits their influence on healthy diets. Very few policy documents explicitly draw on sex-disaggregated data despite its role in evidence-based policymaking Conclusion Gender issues are noted in the food system policies of the study countries but not effectively acted upon: Women still face systemic discrimination in food systems. This gap highlights a key area for enhancing policy design and execution. Sex-disaggregated data are critical for evidence-based food system policymaking; however, very few of the policy documents examined in the study countries.

This study embarked on theoretical and empirical review studies on drug abuse in relation to gender and addiction on treatment of the drug users. The study highlights on the different needs of men and women in which experience shows that the different needs of men and women is not gender friendly to women who faces stigma. Also, different studies have indicated that there are not enough services tailored to suit the needs of women. It has been suggested that plans are effective to everyone. Hence, having gender-mainstreaming approach to a study and treat drug-users means looking at how gender plays a role in why people use drugs, how they use them and what happens as a result of gender inequality. Findings revealed that women have unique requirements and responsibilities that need to be addressed in treatment settings yet these are overlooked. Thus, there is a need to highlight the necessity for specialized drug recovery programmes designed specifically for women, furthermore these programmes must be adaptable to the individual circumstances of each woman

As information technology evolves at an unprecedented pace, the adaptive dynamics of industry and society have led to critical reflection on emerging pedagogical approaches that align with the employability challenges of the 21st century. In this context, STEAM education emerges as a viable alternative for achieving holistic development. This sparked an interest in documenting real learning experiences centered around STEAM as a teaching methodology, with the aim of identifying the challenges and issues that, while still considered emerging topics in research, show a growing trend. The documentation process revealed that these challenges revolve around: (1) the need for an integrated curriculum, (2) increased teacher training for the effective use of technology in the classroom, and (3) the promotion of careers related to exact sciences and engineering. The starting point was the analysis of STEAM experiences for learning mathematics, as this is one of the subjects where Mexico records the lowest levels of academic performance in standardized tests. Existing research suggests collaboration among industry, government, and educational institutions to develop strategies that encourage the gradual incorporation of STEAM in classrooms from a gender perspective.

Individuals in impoverished communities often face considerable adversity. Under such circumstances, they can turn to illegal entrepreneurship. However, from a gendered perspective, women are typically considered incongruent with the masculinity of crime and entrepreneurship and, thus, illegal entrepreneurship. In this study, we were interested in exploring how women navigate their society’s gender role expectations to engage in illegal entrepreneurship. We adopted a qualitative, inductive approach to explore the cognitive processes through which women entrepreneurs navigate these tensions to manufacture and sell illegal alcohol within their impoverished communities throughout India. Our resulting gendered model of the cognitive processes underlying illegal entrepreneurship in impoverished communities offers new insights into how women entrepreneurs use cognitive carve-outs to navigate potentially conflicting societal expectations regarding gender and entrepreneurial roles. Further, we explore how entrepreneurship is influenced by construals, particularly in contexts of resource scarcity and gendered constraints. Finally, in line with the dark side of entrepreneurship, we shed light on how women can justify to themselves and others entrepreneurial action that, while shielding themselves from immediate personal repercussions, imposes substantial costs on many members of their impoverished communities.

This study examines how the historical construction of masculinities is addressed in the teaching of History at the secondary and upper-secondary levels. Drawing on an interdisciplinary theoretical framework informed by recent contributions from historiography, didactics, and sociology, it employs a qualitative methodology that triangulates interviews with in-service teachers, analysis of educational materials, and systematic classroom observations. The findings reveal a significant degree of irregularity and conceptual dispersion in the treatment of masculinities, with a marked focus on the contemporary period. Although a variety of contents and resources are identified, notable resistance is observed among male students, alongside tensions within the broader school environment regarding the inclusion of these topics in the curriculum. These dynamics underscore the urgent need for specific teacher training in gender perspectives and for the development of didactic proposals that enable a transversal, inclusive, and critical integration of masculinities into history education.

This article discusses domestic issues and the search for justice in Religious Courts in Indonesia. Domestic issues are defined as complex conflicts involving legal, social, economic, and psychological dimensions in marital and extended family relationships, which often lead to divorce. Religious courts serve as the primary institutions for resolving family disputes based on Islamic and national law, applying the principle of substantive justice. Although mediation is mandatory, its success rate is low due to high emotional tension and power imbalances. Data shows an increasing trend in divorce cases, indicating growing legal awareness among women. This article also offers concepts for family court reform, namely: the establishment of a Family Justice Center for integrated services, the revitalization of empathy-based mediation, the digitization of family law advocacy, gender perspective training for judges, and premarital and postmarital legal education. This reform is expected to strengthen the protection of women and children, improve the quality of decisions, and create a family court system that is more just, humane, and based on the values of maqashid sharia. With this holistic approach, it is hoped that domestic problems can be resolved not only formally through legal means, but also socially and psychologically in a just manner.

This article outlines the development of an inter-scale analytical tool designed to evaluate urban, intermediate, and domestic spaces from a gender perspective. Framed within feminist urbanism and ecofeminist theory, the study addresses the need to foster inclusive and equitable environments by incorporating gender-sensitive criteria into spatial planning processes. The methodology employed consists of a six-stage process: (1) a review of the existing literature; (2) the definition of scales of approach; (3) the formulation of indicators; (4) the establishment of evaluation criteria; (5) the design of data collection instruments; and (6) the refinement of the tool through field testing. The tool uses both qualitative and quantitative indicators across three spatial scales—neighbourhood, inter-block, and housing—organised into dimensions such as safety, accessibility, diversity, vitality, and representativeness. The evaluation process employs direct observation, graphic analysis, interviews, and participatory focus groups to provide a nuanced and multidimensional understanding of the built environment. The results confirm that both urban and domestic spaces have historically been designed from an androcentric perspective. They also highlight the potential of using gender-based evaluations to identify spatial inequalities and guide transformative interventions. The tool is replicable, adaptable, and scalable, and can therefore offer a robust framework for future research and public policy-making aimed at fostering gender equity in urban contexts.

The capacity of the Valencian fruit and vegetable sector (i.e., cooperatives) to absorb knowledge has been analysed, as well as the influence of this capacity on the adoption of technological innovations and production processes. This objective is motivated by the multiple challenges currently facing the agricultural sector. The dominance of large distribution chains and competition from products imported from other countries have increased production costs without a proportional increase in income. The study was conducted with a sample of 14 fruit and vegetable companies and cooperatives. This study explored how these organisations acquire and assimilate knowledge from abroad and the barriers they face in this process. The results reveal that the extent of assimilation is fundamental to transforming potential absorption capacity into reality. Acquiring knowledge is not the problem, given the abundance of information available. The challenge lies in discerning which knowledge is relevant and aligning it with the needs of the organisation and its customers. The importance of generational change and team dynamics in knowledge consolidation is evident. The importance of effectively managing knowledge assimilation for the success of innovation in agri-food cooperatives is highlighted. In addition, common barriers to the implementation of innovation are identified. The lack of gender diversity is evident in the leadership profiles of cooperatives, highlighting the need for future research addressing absorptive capacity from a gender perspective.

Background Work characteristics play a crucial role in the mental well-being of physicians. However, limited research in Bangladesh has explored the association between these characteristics and specific mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety and stress among physicians, particularly in relation to gender differences. Aims This study aimed to explore the link between various work characteristics and mental health outcomes among male and female physicians in Bangladesh. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study among physicians working in various healthcare settings in Bangladesh. The data were collected online between November 2023 and January 2024 using a convenience sampling technique. Work characteristics, including job characteristics, social characteristics and organisational characteristics, were assessed using previously validated scales. Mental health, on the other hand, was measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). We performed logistic regression analyses adjusted for the covariates, and further stratified by gender, to explore potential differences in work characteristics and mental health outcomes between male and female physicians. Results In our study, social characteristics were significantly inversely associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio 0.37 (0.20–0.71)), anxiety (adjusted odds ratio 0.53 (0.30–0.92)) and stress (adjusted odds ratio 0.45 (0.26–0.81)). Organisational characteristics showed a significant inverse association only with stress (adjusted odds ratio 0.42 (0.24–0.74)). Among male physicians, organisational characteristics were significantly inversely associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio 0.42 (0.19–0.90)), anxiety (adjusted odds ratio 0.44 (0.21–0.91)) and stress (adjusted odds ratio 0.42 (0.20–0.89)), while social characteristics were significantly inversely linked only to stress (adjusted odds ratio 0.43 (0.19–0.97)). By contrast, among female physicians, only social characteristics demonstrated a significant inverse association with depression (adjusted odds ratio 0.30 (0.12–0.78)). Conclusions This study highlights the importance of social characteristics as a protective factor for psychological well-being in the healthcare context. Therefore, fostering a work culture that prioritises peer support and strong interpersonal relationships can be crucial in alleviating mental health challenges among physicians.

Fedra (2018) is a production directed by Luis Luque, with dramaturgy by Paco Bezerra and premiered in the Mérida International Classical Theater Festival. It is particularly based on Hippolytos kalyptómenos or Hippolytus Veiled, a first version of Euripides’s tragedy. This article provides a brief introduction to the transmission, adaptation and reception of myths in Greek tragedies, together with a theorisation of gender perspective in the study of classical drama. As for the methodology used, the main characteristics of Bezerra’s adaptation are analysed in several scenes from the spectacle, as well as the use of eroticism, feminism and nature, drawing on press references engaging with its reception. Thus, this research examines how Phaedra is (re)presented, from a contemporary gender perspective, as an empowered woman who openly embraces and claims her desire, but also in a manner that can turn out to be problematic.

The book Problematizar la Argentina actual, directed by César Caamaño, compiles research conducted between 2020 and 2024 on youth, poverty, gender, and work in contemporary Argentina. Through case studies and conceptual analyses, it examines youth politicalparticipation, gender inequalities, community work, public policies, and social security. Using a multidimensional approach and a gender perspective, the work integrats empiricalevidence and theoretical frameworks to contribute to the understanding and discussion of current social challenges.

HighlightsPublic health relevance—How does this work relate to a public health issue?Homeless women face compounded health vulnerabilities due to gender-based violence, chronic illness, and mental health conditions that remain largely unaddressed.Barriers in access to healthcare deepen health inequities for a population already experiencing extreme forms of social exclusion.Public health significance—Why is this work of significance to public health?This study identifies structural, institutional, and attitudinal barriers that limit homeless women’s access to essential healthcare services, highlighting gaps in current public health systems.Findings emphasize the need for gender-sensitive, trauma-informed frameworks to ensure equitable healthcare provision for this marginalized group.Public health implications—What are the key implications or messages for practitioners, policy makers and/or researchers in public health?Improving access to healthcare requires streamlined administrative procedures, enhanced intersectoral coordination, and training of healthcare professionals to reduce stigma and discriminatory practices.Public health policies must integrate specialized services, preventive programs, and gender-informed approaches to effectively safeguard homeless women’s right to health.(1) Background: Female homelessness is one of the most invisible forms of social exclusion, aggravated by structural and gender factors and by experiences of violence. This research analyzes the multifaceted barriers hindering women experiencing homelessness from accessing healthcare services, from the perspective of social intervention professionals. (2) Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using three focus groups with 21 professionals from Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Lleida and Barcelona. An interpretative phenomenological approach guided data collection and analysis, and transcripts were examined through thematic analysis to identify common patterns in professionals’ meaning-making regarding healthcare barriers. (3) Results: Gender-based violence cuts across the life trajectories of most women experiencing homelessness, hindering their access to healthcare services. Barriers identified include lack of documentation, stigma and discriminatory treatment, limited access to specialized services, the absence of a gender perspective in healthcare, and a lack of coordination between social and health services. In addition, the study highlights the lack of preventive programs and health education tailored to this population. (4) Conclusions: It is essential to adopt a comprehensive, intersectional and gender-sensitive approach to safeguard the right to health for these women. Measures such as training for healthcare personnel, simplifying bureaucratic procedures, creating specialized resources, and improving inter-institutional coordination are proposed.

Sexual health and gender perspective among female physicians: a cross-sectional analytic study.

The Philippines, with its commitment to gender equality, mandates all government agencies, including local units, to institutionalize gender mainstreaming across their systems, programs, and policies from the highest offices down to the barangays. Positioned at the grassroots, barangays have unique potential to advance gender equality in local communities. Despite national gender mainstreaming policies, significant gaps persist at the grassroots in translating them into concrete, measurable actions. This quantitative research aimed to examine the descriptive and associative relationships between the organizational competency and institutional capacity of rural barangays in relation to gender mainstreaming, and the extent of gender integration in the delivery of basic services and facilities. A descriptive correlational study was conducted among 200 barangay leaders and constituents in selected barangays in the province of Iloilo, Philippines in 2025, using a survey instrument. Results revealed that as an institution, the barangay has limited competency and capacity to fully implement gender mainstreaming. The delivery of basic services and facilities in the barangay is embedded with gender mainstreaming to a sensitive level. The competency and institutional capacity of the barangay council as an institution appear to have no relation or influence on the level of gender mainstreaming in the delivery of basic services and facilities, which means that other factors may be contributing to gender perspectives in service delivery. The barangay under study remains in the early stages of gender mainstreaming and can benefit from the assistance of other organizations for the capability building and enhancement of their gender mainstreaming strategies. Keywords: Public administration, Barangay Governance, Gender and Development, grassroots communities, Philippines

The Parent-Child Relationship plays a crucial role in the development of adolescents' psychological behaviors. Previous studies have confirmed its association with adolescents' cognitive development, academic performance, and emotional regulation, and have identified gender differences in this association. However, current research lacks a systematic integrated analysis of multi-dimensional variables such as physical-psychological-social adaptation. It also fails to identify the heterogeneity of the Parent-Child Relationship from a gender perspective and has not conducted in-depth and systematic discussions on the differential impacts on adolescents of different genders. This study aims to systematically explore the types of Parent-Child Relationship among adolescents of different genders using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and regression mixture models, and to conduct an in-depth analysis of the psychological and behavioral characteristics of adolescents corresponding to various types of Parent-Child Relationship. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. In May 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3,922 students from 10 middle schools in 5 regions of Xinjiang. The measurement tools used included the Parent-Child Relationship Intimacy Scale, the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, the Psychological Resilience Scale, and the School Adjustment Scale. The average age of the study subjects was 16.06 ± 0.98 years, including 1,884 males (48%) and 2,038 females (52%). Two types of Parent-Child Relationship were identified among adolescents in Xinjiang: the poor group and the good group. Among females, the "poor group" accounted for 38.86% (n = 792), and the "good group" accounted for 61.14% (n = 1,246). Among males, the "poor group" accounted for 43.68% (n = 823), and the "good group" accounted for 56.32% (n = 1,061). There were gender differences in the behavioral and psychological characteristics of adolescents under different Parent-Child Relationship patterns.In the female group, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress of all severity levels were predictive factors for the poor Parent-Child Relationship group (all OR > 1, P < 0.05). In the male group, only moderate Anxiety (OR = 0.463, 95% CI [0.296, 0.724]) and moderate Depression (OR = 0.436, 95% CI [0.292, 0.652]) reached a significant level.In terms of Psychological Resilience, females with poor Psychological Resilience had an approximately 5.87-fold higher probability of being classified into the "poor group" (OR = 6.874, 95% CI [4.500, 10.501]). In contrast, males with poor Psychological Resilience were more likely to be classified into the "good group" (OR = 0.116, 95% CI [0.069, 0.194]).In terms of School Adjustment, females in the "good group" scored higher than those in the "poor group" in School Attitudes and Emotions, Routine Adaptation, Academic Adjustment, Peer Relationship, and Teacher-Student Relationship (all P < 0.001), with chi-square test values ranging from 116.613 to 208.797. In the male group, although the "poor group" also scored significantly lower than the "good group" in the five dimensions (all P < 0.001), with chi-square values ranging from 20.632 to 102.774, the difference between the groups was smaller than that in females. There is heterogeneity in the Parent-Child Relationship patterns of adolescents. Under different Parent-Child Relationship patterns, there are gender differences in the behavioral and psychological characteristics of adolescents, which are specifically reflected in Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Psychological Resilience, and School Adjustment. However, these characteristics are not related to physical indicators (Sleeping Hours, Myopia) or demographic characteristics (age, Father's Education Level, Mother's Education Level, etc.). This study provides empirical evidence from Xinjiang, China, for the differentiated intervention of adolescents' health status.

The study investigates female teachers’ gender perspectives in mathematics, defined as viewing the world through lenses shaped by social and cultural gender norms. The research is grounded in gender studies and uses a qualitative methodology, involving semi-structured interviews with eight female teachers at a Mexico City public primary school. Findings indicate teachers distinguish between talent and ability in mathematics: talent is defined as an inherent, genetic capacity, while ability refers to skills gained through practice and continual exercise. Teachers associate talent primarily with boys, attributing their mathematical success to innate advantages, whereas they link girls’ success to acquired skill through effort and persistence. Teachers consistently report that boys possess a "natural" advantage, while girls may approach but not equal this talent through diligence. This belief is underscored by teachers attributing "aggressiveness-activity" traits to boys and "passivity-dedication" traits to girls, considering aggressiveness essential for excelling in mathematics. These perceptions point to teachers’ recognition of male-oriented sociocultural constructs that they believe facilitate mathematical learning.

Review of Hultgren &amp; Habibie (2024): Women in Scholarly Publishing: A Gender Perspective

This study aims to examine language and gender representation in the folktale Timun Mas, focusing on the portrayal of women in the story. Using a critical discourse analysis approach and gender perspectives, this article investigates how the narrative in Timun Mas depicts the independence and limitations of women's roles within the context of a patriarchal culture. Although the main character, Timun Mas, is portrayed as brave and independent, the narrative still reveals a dependence on assistance from male characters, such as the hermit who provides help. Additionally, the mother's role in this story appears passive and reliant on male authority to save her child. The analysis results indicate an ambivalence in gender representation, where, despite a space for women to appear strong, their roles remain constrained by the patriarchal norms inherent in society. This research provides insights into how folklore functions as a medium for reproducing gender values in society, as well as the importance of critique against gender representation in traditional literary works.