Perspective Of Gender Differences Research Articles

How Students' Metacognition and Information Literacy Self-Efficacy Relate to Gender Perspective

Metacognition and information literacy self-efficacy have been confirmed separately from a gender perspective, which is a determining factor for achieving students' academic performance. Meanwhile, students' metacognition could be improved in lectures. The need for more use of information literacy self-efficacy is a problem students face. Therefore, this study explores how to comprehensively profile and connect students' metacognition and information literacy self-efficacy from the perspective of gender differences. A quantitative research design was applied to investigate it on 253 students from three different universities in Indonesia. Data analysis was done descriptively, and the outer and inner models used structural equational modelling least square. The study produced five findings, namely: (1) The metacognition profile of male and female students are categorized as good with male superior to female; (2) The information literacy self-efficacy profile of male and female students is categorized as high with male superior to female; (3) Gender affects metacognition through cognitive knowledge and cognitive regulation; (4) Gender affects information literacy self-efficacy, and (5) There are correlations between metacognition and information literacy self-efficacy. This study's results recommend that educators pay attention to and use learning and teaching strategies based on metacognition and information literacy self-efficacy for gender competence equality.

Connecting L2 reading emotions and writing performance through imaginative capacity in the story continuation writing task: A gender difference perspective

Connecting L2 reading emotions and writing performance through imaginative capacity in the story continuation writing task: A gender difference perspective

The effects of student bullying on non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in rural adolescents: the chain-mediated effects of alexithymia and ruminate thinking.

Bullying among students is a significant risk factor for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which can adversely impact the physical and mental health development of individuals. To explore the mechanisms by which student bullying affects adolescent non-suicidal self-injury, 701 adolescents were selected as participants. The assessment tools included the Bullying Questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Ruminative Responses Scale, and Adolescents Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire, which were used to measure the experiences of bullying, levels of alexithymia, rumination tendencies, and the severity of non-suicidal self-injury, respectively. This study aimed to examine whether there is a chain mediation effect of alexithymia and rumination in the relationship between student bullying and non-suicidal self-injury. The results indicated that: (1) Student bullying has a significant positive impact on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (63.62%) and indirectly influences it through alexithymia and rumination (12.69%); (2) There are gender differences in the chain mediation effect between student bullying and non-suicidal self-injury, with the chain mediation effect of rumination and alexithymia being significantly greater in females (0.12) compared to males (0.06). This study not only provides a cognitive-emotional perspective and a gender difference perspective on the effects of bullying on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury but also focuses on rural adolescents, who often face more physical and mental health issues. Therefore, the conclusions enrich the understanding of the complex mechanisms between student bullying and non-suicidal self-injury, offering new theoretical guidance for preventing bullying and intervening with victims of bullying.

'Between Inner Strength and Fighting Prejudice': Psycho-Social Processes Implemented by Women with Leukemia Along the Illness Trajectory: A Grounded Theory Study.

Disease trajectories in leukemia are often unpredictable and recurrent, and patients' experiences can impact their quality of life. Studies in the literature often do not explore gender-related illness experiences from an intersectional approach and throughout the illness trajectory. This comprehensive study aims to explore the full spectrum of experiences lived by women with leukemia throughout the disease trajectory, from diagnosis to treatments and post-stem cell transplant follow-up. A grounded theory approach was meticulously developed to analyze semi-structured interviews with 13 women with leukemia in the post-transplant follow-up phase at a hospital in Northern Italy. The data analysis was an iterative process, conducted concurrently using a constant comparative method. Data collection concluded when data saturation was reached. The core category identified is women's inner strength during the disease trajectory, which was identified for its recurrence and cross-cutting nature, according to the women. This core category interconnects with five main categories: 1. Facing the disease: Between resistance and surrender. 2. Living for today and moving forward. 3. Unexpected elements in relationships. 4. Changes that shape women. 5. Demystifying the body and embracing 'diminished beauty'. An explanatory model of the disease trajectory of women with leukemia was defined as: 'Women with leukemia, between inner strength and fighting prejudice'. An in-depth analysis of the disease experiences revealed aspects that are not easily understood through a purely biological perspective of gender differences, often overlooking the psycho-social and relational peculiarities of women.

Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study

Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender

Students need to have mathematical problem-solving skills to solve mathematical problems both in school and in real life. But in reality, students' mathematical problem-solving skills are still low. This study aims to analyze students' mathematical solving abilities from the perspective of gender differences, so that teachers can find the right solutions to improve students' abilities. This research is a qualitative research. The instruments used in this study are test questions and interview guidelines. The subjects of this study were three students taken from 20 students in grade VIII MTs Azzainiyah II. The subject consists of one student representing each of the high, medium, and low abilities. The results of the study showed that the mathematical solving ability of female students was better than that of male students. In the group of high-ability students, female students can meet all four indicators of the mathematical problem-solving stage, while male students can only meet the three indicators of the mathematical problem-solving stage. In the group of moderate-ability students, female students can meet three indicators of the mathematical problem-solving stage, while male students can only meet two indicators of the mathematical problem-solving stage. In the group of low-ability students, female students can meet two indicators of the mathematical problem-solving stage, while male students can only meet one indicator of the mathematical problem-solving stage.

Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study

Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study

The Effect of Problem Based Learning Worksheet on Critical Thinking Skills of Eight Grade Students: A Perspective from Gender Difference

Critical thinking skills (CTS) are essential in the 4.0 era. However, the attempts to enhance these skills during learning are still suboptimal, particularly in science education at the junior high school. Gender is believed as one affecting factor on students critical thinking. The research investigated the effects of problem based learning (PBL) student worksheets on students critical thinking from the perspective of gender differences. This quasy experimental research applied pretest-posttest nonequivalent multiple group design. The samples were chosen through purposive sampling, resulting in one male class having 24 students and one female class having 24 students. The research instruments included a lesson plan, a PBL-based student worksheet, and pretest-posttest questions that had been validated. Data analysis uses statistical tests in the form of paired and independent sample t-tests, and N-gain. The analysis indicated that using PBL-based student worksheets increases CTS more effectively in female students than in male students. These are proven by paired and independent sample t-tests showing a significant difference (Sig. 2-tailed = 0.000 0.050) with N-gain signifies a moderate increase of 0.6 for male students and a high increase of 0.7 for female students. These findings may serve as recommendations to enhance students critical thinking and as a reference for gender-segregated schools in designing learning programs that optimize the role of each gender

The associations among growth mindsets, the ideal L2 writing self, and L2 writing enjoyment and their impacts on L2 English writing performance: A gender difference perspective

The associations among growth mindsets, the ideal L2 writing self, and L2 writing enjoyment and their impacts on L2 English writing performance: A gender difference perspective

Gender Difference in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Japanese Population: Polysomnography and Sleep Questionnaire Study

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is generally common among males and is an established risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. As the population ages, the prevalence of α-synucleinopathy (such as Parkinson’s disease) is increasing. Additionally, the number of female patients is increasing in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of RBD from the perspective of gender differences in the Japanese population. The proportion of male RBD patients (65.2%) was significantly higher than that of female patients (34.8%). Additionally, female patients (70.5 ± 8.2 years) were significantly older than male patients (67.9 ± 8.0 years, p < 0.05). The mean score on the RBD Screening Questionnaire was significantly higher in male patients than in female (8.6 ± 2.9 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1, p < 0.05), while the mean score on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was significantly higher in males (5.9 ± 3.8 vs. 7.2 ± 3.600, p < 0.001). The Self-rating Depression Scale in females was 41.7 ± 8.5, and they were more likely to show depressive tendencies than males. In polysomnography, higher rates of obstructive sleep apnea and longer duration of stage N1 sleep were detected in males. After adjusting for age, BMI, and polysomnographic parameters, we found that female RBD patients had significantly worse sleep quality and rates of depression compared to male patients.

Power in the supply chain: a state-of-the-art literature review and propositions from the perspective of gender differences

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the existing literature on firms’ power through the lens of the supply chain and highlights some gaps that could be covered by future research.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a systematic framework-based review combining the insights of the antecedents, decisions and outcomes (ADO) and theories, contexts and methods (TCM) frameworks. The review was carried out using a sample of 108 articles published between 1984 and 2022 in 25 prestigious journals.FindingsThe ADO framework maps out the state of the art of the antecedents of power (i.e. sources and types of firm power), the decision to use power and the effect that exercising power over other firms may have on firm performance and the quality of inter-firm relationships. In addition, this framework highlights factors that mediate or moderate the decision to exercise power and the factors that mediate or moderate the outcomes of exercising power or power asymmetry. The TCM framework provides insights into the theories, contexts (i.e. countries, industries, level of analysis and sources of data) and methods used by the existing literature. The content analysis using the aforementioned frameworks provides the basis to elaborate propositions for future research on power in the supply chain from the perspective of gender differences.Research limitations/implicationsThis systematic literature review offers a comprehensive guide for researchers to understand the antecedents, decisions and outcomes of firm power in the supply chain, as well as the TCM used in the literature. The content analysis using frameworks provides a road map to investigate the proposed factors that might moderate the decision to exercise power and the outcome of exercising power or power asymmetry from the perspective of gender differences. In addition, based on content analysis, the authors make propositions about TCM that could be applied in future research.Practical implicationsFrom a practical perspective, this systematic literature review may help managers to better understand the sources and consequences of their firm’s power. This would allow managers to make better decisions when negotiating with their supply chain parties, which could potentially lead to better performance for their firms and the whole supply chain.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a comprehensive systematic literature review of the different dimensions of firms’ power in the supply chain.

Housing demolition and labour force participation: A gender difference perspective

AbstractExisting research suggests that housing demolition negatively affects labour supply through the wealth effect of the demolition compensation. However, there is limited research on the gender differences in the impact of housing demolition on labour force participation. This study investigates the effects of housing demolition on labour force participation, with a specific focus on the gender difference. Using data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies, this study reveals a significant decline in labour force participation resulting from housing demolition, primarily driven by females. Moreover, housing demolition exerts a stronger effect on the labour force participation of married women, who tend to take on more responsibilities for household chores, while its impact on married men is less evident. These findings offer valuable insights into the issue of labour shortage and underscore the importance of reducing the traditional gender‐based division of household labour.

Advanced Technology (Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems) in Diabetes from the Perspective of Gender Differences

An ever-growing body of evidence suggests that sex and gender influence the pathophysiology, incidence, prevalence, clinical manifestations, course, and response to therapy of diabetes. Sex and gender differences are particularly evident in type 1 diabetes, especially in patients using advanced technologies (CGM and AHCL), as they are factors that interact with each other and have an impact on adherence to therapy, which affects not only metabolic compensation, but also, therefore, the prevention of complications and quality of life.

Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics Data Reveal Differences in Cell Composition and Communication in Acne.

Acne is a kind of hair follicle sebaceous inflammatory disease, which has a high incidence rate among adolescents. Comparative data on cells which beneficial for precise treatment of acne patients. After integrating and removing the batch effect of single-cell transcriptomics data of acne patients and health skin, the dimensionality reduction clustering was performed and the change in characteristics of each cell group were analyzed. Further, cell communication differences between gender were analyzed by use Cellchat software. 70,189 cells were analyzed, and 11 cell groups were identified. The proportion of basal cells and macrophages in skin of acne patients are relatively high than that of skin in healthy people. The results of cell communication showed that the communication intensity of acne patients was significantly higher than that of healthy skin, and the endothelial cells showed a strong ability to receive signals. From the perspective of gender differences, the proportion of macrophages in male patients were higher than that in female patients, and there were a large number of basal cells in the lesion area of female patients. There are also have some specific immune response ligand-receptor regulatory signals in male patients. There are significant differences in skin cell composition and cell communication patterns between acne patients and healthy people, especially reflected in gender differences. Basal cells, macrophages and endothelial cells can serve as key targets for acne treatment. The treatment methods for men and women should be more personalized.

Nursing students’ experiences of workplace violence based on the perspective of gender differences: a phenomenological study

BackgroundWorkplace violence is a worldwide concern, and particularly affects nursing students. It has a seriously negative impact on nursing students’ clinical learning experience and their physical and mental health. This study explored whether there are differences in psychological responses and coping styles among different gender nursing students after exposure to workplace violence, and investigated the causes for these differences.MethodsWe enrolled 22 nursing undergraduates from Guangzhou Medical University and Zunyi Medical University, China. Phenomenological qualitative research and online semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were analyzed by the Colaizzi seven-step content analysis method.ResultsTwo categories were collated: psychological experience and coping styles. Three themes of the former were extracted: negative emotional experience, low level of professional identity, and negative effect on self-efficacy. Two themes of the latter: responses to violence and adjustment after violence. In addition, fourteen subthemes were extracted.ConclusionsDifferent gender nursing students have different psychological experience and coping styles in the face of workplace violence. The causes of the differences are likely related to sociocultural factors and psychological gender status.

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Chinese University Students’ Major Choice from the Perspective of Gender Differences

Higher education attainment is a focus of gender differences research. However, little is known about differences in university students’ major choices at the same level of higher education in China’s education hierarchy. Based on a web survey of 1164 undergraduate students in China’s broad enrollment context, this study uses Wenjuanxing to collect information by posting questionnaires on social media platforms and analyzes the impact of gender differences on the major choices of finance and economics undergraduates by using the Linear Discriminant Model (LDM). Moreover, this study explores the differential impact of income level, urban–rural settings, and regional differences on university students’ major choices. This study finds that female students are approximately 2.62 times more likely than male students to choose applied majors (such as accounting, financial management, auditing, international business, and so on), a gap that is more pronounced in high-income families and Eastern regions. In addition, in rural areas, female students have a higher probability of choosing applied majors than male students. These findings indicate that in China’s broad discipline enrollment model, gender differences still significantly affect students’ major choices, and female students are more likely to enter applied majors than their male counterparts.

Отличительные характеристики перевода поэзии в контексте гендерных различий (на материале произведений Р. Бёрнса)

The study aims to determine how gender identity affects the choice of language means when translating poetic works. To do so, we need to analyse and compare the results of translations of R. Burns' poems made by men and women. As is commonly known, there are differences in the perception of the world by men and women, thus, they perceive literary works differently. In the paper, we will analyse how these differences are manifested in a translation text. For a comparative analysis of the language means used by female and male translators, R. Burns' poems and their translations into Russian are involved. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the translation of R. Burns' poetic works from the perspective of gender differences has not yet been the object of independent study. The results showed that there is an obvious correlation between the gender factor and the choice of language means in translation.

Socioeconomic Status and Health Level of Middle-aged and Old People -- Based on CHARLS Survey

The aging of the population in China is becoming increasingly serious, and the health status of the elderly has been widely concerned by scholars from all walks of life. The study of intermediate mechanisms can provide a better basis for formulating relevant policy interventions. Therefore, this paper combines domestic and foreign literature research, using the method of the logit model, to analyze the intermediate mechanism of socio-economic status affecting the health level of the elderly. This paper uses CHARLS data in 2018 to study the impact of socioeconomic status on the health status of middle-aged and elderly people. First of all, it combs the relevant literature at home and abroad, and makes descriptive statistics on the socio-economic status and health level of the elderly in China to understand their current situation. Secondly, we use the logit regression model to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. The research found that: First, there is a significant positive correlation between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. Second, from the perspective of gender differences, socio-economic status significantly affects the health level of men, while it has less impact on the elderly of women. Based on the results of the study, this paper puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions, which can reduce the degree of health inequality by improving the elderly's health behavior, material living conditions, family relations, good neighborliness, community health environment, etc.

Gender Differences in the Nonspecific and Health-Specific Use of Social Media Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Trend Analysis Using HINTS 2017-2020 Data

The use of social media has changed since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, little is known about the gender disparity in social media use for nonspecific and health-specific issues before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a gender difference perspective, this study aimed to examine how the nonspecific and health-specific uses of social media changed in 2017–2020. The data came from the Health Information National Trends Survey Wave 5 Cycle 1–4. This study included 10,426 participants with complete data. Compared to 2017, there were higher levels of general use in 2019 and 2020, and an increased likelihood of health-related use in 2020 was reported among the general population. Female participants were more likely to be nonspecific and health-specific users than males. Moreover, the relationship of gender with general use increased in 2019 and 2020; however, concerning health-related use, it expanded in 2019 but narrowed in 2020. The COVID-19 global pandemic led to increased use of social media, especially for health-related issues among males. These findings further our understanding of the gender gap in health communication through social media, and contribute to targeted messaging to promote health and reduce disparities between different groups during the pandemic.

Keyakinan yang mendukung tindak kekerasan perundungan berdasarkan perspektif perbedaan jenis kelamin

Previous studies on bullying revealed the high frequency of bullying incidents in West Java Province. Bandung is among the highest bullying incidents rate in West Java. This study aimed to explore the contribution of beliefs supporting violence to bullying in boys and girls. Beliefs supporting violence is one of the bullying predictors, but there is still limited study exploring beliefs supporting violence in Indonesia from the perspective of gender differences. This study used a cross-sectional design. A representative sample of elementary and junior high school students in Kota Bandung (N = 1,539) was obtained from a stratified cluster random sampling technique. There were 53.2% girls and 46.8% boys. Belief supporting violence instrument and bullying perpetration instrument that have been adapted into Indonesian were used in this study. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Beliefs supporting violence contributed significantly to physical bullying in girls (β = 0.182; p = 0.000) and boys (β = 0.141; p = 0.000), verbal bullying in girls (β = 0.248; p = 0.000) and boys (β = 0.247; p = 0.000), and psychological bullying in girls (β = 0.110; p = 0.002) and boys (β = 0.085; p = 0.023). The socio-ecological theory from Bronfenbrenner was used to explain the results. Beliefs supporting violence contributed significantly to bullying perpetration in boys and girls. Boys have higher mean scores on beliefs supporting violence compared to girls. However, gender did not moderate beliefs supporting violence to bullying perpetration. Parents and teachers shall consider any violent incidents caused by beliefs supporting violence that predict school bullying incidents. This cautious hopefully will help to decrease the number of bullying perpetration cases.