Game Theory Model Research Articles

Multi-objective Topology Optimization Design of Opening Decks Using Improved Fourfold Combination Weighting Model of Game Theory

Multi-objective Topology Optimization Design of Opening Decks Using Improved Fourfold Combination Weighting Model of Game Theory

Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology

Green hydrogen is a production of business philosophy inclined to promote renewable energies. Its paradigm shift works on targeting the absence of carbon emissions leading to compliance of the first law of thermodynamics since the financial intelligence of business industries is designed to maintain the abundance of natural resources through economical means. Sustainable development is the result of business growth innovations based on environmental impact assessments concerning marketing of goods and services. However, there are observed restrictions on these contract laws of business transactions, thus, problems can be raised pertaining to monetary intelligence of environmental laws. This paper is designed to address issues on energy transition and elucidate the equation development of statutory interpretation and its gaps to environmental laws and electricity regulations using game theory modelling of shariah jurisprudence method resulting to question development of services, particularly, the hydrogen production and zero target emission of greenhouse gases based on Renewable Energy (Electricity) Bill 2000 (Cth). The legal history of commercial transactions, starting from Hague to Rotterdam Rules are documented to enhance the bill of lading pertaining to transportation of goods in relation to receipt and delivery. Constitutional laws are superior as pre-emption doctrine for compliance and harmony of other statutory laws such as electricity bill and climate change regulations. Energy regulations are observed to comply with climate change policies for tightening the monetary strength of business systems against depletion of environmental resources. Therefore, if green hydrogen is the 2050 plan for electricity transition, its prediction is analogous to the technological services of concession elucidating the equation development of business economics and its environmental laws for public safety in meeting the energy demands resulting zero target emission.

Hypersoft game theory models and their applications in multi-criteria decision making

Hypersoft game theory models and their applications in multi-criteria decision making

Service provision on an aggregator platform with time-sensitive customers: Pricing strategies and coordination

The increasing tendency to fulfill customer needs via virtual platforms has led to a rapid growth of sharing economy. This practice allows non-entrepreneurs to set up a business and firms to focus on their core operations by outsourcing tasks related to attracting, finding, contracting, and invoicing customers. Hence, potential entrepreneurs and firms face the question whether to penetrate a market directly or through a platform, and to what extent. In this work, we focus on providers who offer unique services and make a choice between enlisting in a demand aggregator’s platform and reaching the market directly; due to the unique services, we assume that the providers may have sufficient power to set the wholesale price that is paid to the platform. A game-theory model in a queueing framework is developed to address the questions of mode selection and pricing strategies. Such settings allow to include customers who are sensitive in delays in product/services delivery and exhibit strategic behavior. We show that under single-price contracts channel profits are adversely affected due to double marginalization. The latter effect can be mitigated by time-dependent pricing involving delay compensation or a revenue sharing contract, resulting in system coordination. We identify the equilibrium strategies and the provider’s optimal policy. We also derive insights on the combined effects of key parameters such as the market size, the direct cost of customer service, and the aggregator’s reservation level on the optimal pricing strategies, and quantify their impact.

Importance of anti-money laundering regulations among prosumers for a cybersecure decentralized finance

This study displays the importance of anti-money laundering (AML) regulations among prosumers in decentralized finance (DeFi) in establishing cybersecurity. With a game theory model based on an integrated framework of crime theories, we find that beneficial claims of financial inclusivity and pseudonymity of permissionless DeFi come with a cost of vulnerability to cyberattacks due to its incompliance with AML regulations among prosumers. In contrast, cyberattackers can be deterred from attacking AML-compliant permissioned DeFi. These results have important implications for trust as a construct within the context of blockchain-based sharing economy and institutional roles played by decentralized governance and smart contract auditors in creating a “trustless” state-space without forfeiting cybersecurity of a blockchain-based sharing economy. We also provide cybersecurity policy suggestions for permissionless DeFi without sacrificing its decentralized nature.

Green technology licensing: Evaluating government subsidies based on different efficiency levels across competitors

AbstractGreen technology development results in manufacturers in traditional industries reducing carbon emissions to alleviate pressure on the ecological environment. Some manufacturers efficiently adopt this green technology and some do not. An effective green technology licensing strategy can promote the diffusion of technology from highly efficient manufacturers to those who are less efficient. The government has implemented subsidies to promote green technology among manufacturers. Manufacturers with high levels of technology efficiency should obtain a high level of licensing income; however, it is unclear whether these licensing rewards are effective, especially in the face of fierce market competition. What is the government's optimal subsidy policy to address this problem? In this study, given a possible government subsidy, we develop a game theory model that includes Manufacturer H, with relatively high green technology investment efficiency, and Manufacturer L, with low levels of efficiency. The two manufacturers engage in a two‐dimensional competition in green technology investment and sales volume. We examine the manufacturers' profitability with and without green technology licensing, called Scenario Y and Scenario N, respectively. We identify “win–win” situations for the two competing manufacturers. Specifically, the government should increase the subsidy when the efficiency of industrial green investment is low, Manufacturer L has a clear disadvantage with respect to efficiency, and the competition is fierce.

Emotional Regulation Self-Efficacy Influences Moral Decision Making: A Non-Cooperative Game Study of the New Generation of Employees.

Scholars generally believe that personality characteristics and psychological factors influence individual moral decision-making. However, few have ever discussed specific psychological factors and characteristics having such influences. Based on the self-efficacy theory and the social identity theory, this paper has proposed, from the perspective of social cognition, that emotional regulation self-efficacy influences the moral decision-making of the new generation of employees and that the mediating effect of interpersonal trust and the regulating effect of communication also play a role in the decision-making process. This study has designed a “red-blue experiment” based on the complete static information model in the non-cooperative game theory so as to conduct an experimental and qualitative analysis for the new generation of employees and to explore the characteristics of psychological process, self-efficacy, and moral decision-making of the experimental population. Through analysis of the 138 data sources collected from the experiment, the results showed that emotional self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on moral decision-making (p < 0.01), emotional self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on interpersonal trust (r = 0.560, p < 0.01), and interpersonal trust had a significant positive effect on moral decision-making (r = 0.290, p < 0.01). The mediating effect was 0.163. The interaction terms of emotional regulation self-efficacy and communication effect had a significant negative effect on interpersonal trust (r = −0.221, p < 0.01). All the hypotheses proposed in this study are supported by experimental data and reveal the psychological mechanism of moral decision-making in the new generation of employees. The study has further shown that the moral education of the new generation of employees needs to focus on improving emotional regulation self-efficacy and enhancing interpersonal trust, which provides theoretical support for the moral education methods and paths of the new generation of employees.

A Game-Theoretic Approach for Network Security Using Honeypots

Cybersecurity plays an increasing role in today’s digital space, and its methods must keep pace with the changes. Both public and private sector researchers have put efforts into strengthening the security of networks by proposing new approaches. This paper presents a method to solve a game theory model by defining the contents of the game payoff matrix and incorporating honeypots in the defense strategy. Using a probabilistic approach we propose the course-of-action Stackelberg game (CoASG), where every path of the graph leads to an undesirable state based on security issues found in every host. The reality of the system is represented by a cost function which helps us to define a payoff matrix and find the best possible combination of the strategies once the game is run. The results show the benefits of using this model in the early prevention stages for detecting cyberattack patterns.

Integrated Energy System Systems and Game Theory A Review (ITALIC)

As mankind expands quickly, there is a shortage of energy worldwide. Instead of focusing on the production, transmission, and provision of a particular power source, China has proposed an To address the energy crisis, an integrated energy system is being developed. This system links energy resources and utilizes their complementary benefits. With the development of integrated energy systems, involvement and Engagement is getting increasingly difficult. Game theory, which can successfully address issues arising from multi-agent commerce, is a natural application of the System of integrated energy. This publication gives in-depth information analysis of how the integrated power system has undergone game theory analysis. Initial game situations in integrated power systems are provided, followed by a brief introduction to the evolution of integrated energy, The design and deployment of interconnected power systems issues are outlined, along with game scenarios that take into account the energy production side, supply chain, demand side, and all of these factors. Second, a summary of the fundamental for the integrated energy system, use game theory models is provided. The last topic is examined along with the challenges involved in game theory's potential application to integrated power systems. When applying the newly created game models to the integrated power system, a mixed game is recommended to solve these issues. This study should prove to be an invaluable resource for upcoming scholars in the subject.

Integrated Energy System Systems and Game Theory A Review

As mankind expands quickly, there is a shortage of energy worldwide. Instead of focusing on the production, transmission, and provision of a particular power source, China has proposed an To address the energy crisis, an integrated energy system is being developed. This system links energy resources and utilizes their complementary benefits. With the development of integrated energy systems, involvement and Engagement is getting increasingly difficult. Game theory, which can successfully address issues arising from multi-agent commerce, is a natural application of the System of integrated energy. This publication gives in-depth information analysis of how the integrated power system has undergone game theory analysis. Initial game situations in integrated power systems are provided, followed by a brief introduction to the evolution of integrated energy, The design and deployment of interconnected power systems issues are outlined, along with game scenarios that take into account the energy production side, supply chain, demand side, and all of these factors. Second, a summary of the fundamental for the integrated energy system, use game theory models is provided. The last topic is examined along with the challenges involved in game theory's potential application to integrated power systems. When applying the newly created game models to the integrated power system, a mixed game is recommended to solve these issues. This study should prove to be an invaluable resource for upcoming scholars in the subject.

Food products pricing theory with application of machine learning and game theory approach

ABSTRACT Demand for perishable food is sensitive to product prices and is affected by the prices of similar or alternative products. While brand loyalty influences the demand for products, determining a reasonable price requires a precise pricing strategy. In this paper, a pricing model for perishable food is presented in which the brand value of the product and the price of other manufacturers as competitors are considered. To this end, this study first predicts the price of competitors using a combination of optimized Neural Networks and presents an optimized model using a Genetic Algorithm. This algorithm combines a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed model is then used to merge with a game-theory model for the pricing of perishable foods. In this game-theory model, pricing approaches are developed based on identified prices of competitors. In the coordination contract game-theory model, Multi Retailer- one Supplier and Price-sensitive demand of Perishable product are developed with and without quantity discount contract. Obtained results indicate that independent procurement provides retailers with higher profit, while lower profit will be presented when coordination is not considered. Also, with coordination, the ordering cycle increases, and the ordering frequency decrease.

Safety Performance Assessment of Construction Sites under the Influence of Psychological Factors: An Analysis Based on the Extension Cloud Model.

Psychological hazards within organizational structures of construction sites are difficult to detect and can have significant negative impacts on safety performances when such hazards erupt. At present, most safety performance assessment models for construction sites ignore psychological factors. Therefore, in order to reveal psychological hazards within construction site organizations and to avoid damage caused by psychological hazards to safety performances, this paper evaluates the safety performances of construction sites by focusing on leader-member exchange ambivalence as the main trigger point. The evaluation system and evaluation criteria are established through three aspects: building scale, emotional orientation, and stability factors. The hierarchical analysis method, game theory, and extension cloud model are combined to make evaluation results more objective and credible. Moreover, a construction project with high technical requirements, high investment, and complex construction conditions (defined as a complex project) and an ordinary construction project with low technical difficulty and simple construction conditions (defined as a general project) were selected for analysis. The evaluation results indicate that both complex projects and general projects have safety hazards regarding psychological orientations. Finally, this paper makes some suggestions from three aspects: management system and corporate culture, building site intelligence, and social opinion to improve the safety performances of construction sites. The evaluation results are the same as actual operation results, which verify that models proposed in this paper can be used for safety performance evaluations of actual construction projects and provide help for managers to grasp overall safety levels.

Bi-Level Coordinated Operation Strategy of Multiple Microgrids in Multi-Time Scale

Microgrid (MG) has a significant effect on achieving local consumption of distributed renewable energy, power supply in remote areas, and so on. With the increasing number of MGs, the operation problem of multiple MGs has been more and more researched, while the coordinated operation and the bidding strategy are still the main problems limiting the development of multiple MGs. In this article, a bi-level optimization operation model of multiple MGs is studied. First, the multi-level control structure based on the multi-agent system and the multi-time scale optimization strategy framework of multiple MGs are constructed. The multi-level control structure is divided into three layers, including the device layer, MG layer, and power market layer. Second, the multi-time scale optimized operation model is established, including day-ahead model, intraday model, and real-time model. In addition, a game theory model is proposed to improve the interests or reduce costs of MGs. Finally, a case including three MGs is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the proposed multi-level structure of multiple MGs and multi-time scale optimization strategies are effective.

Development of a scenario-based approach using game theory for the restoration of Hawizeh Marsh and dust mitigation

ABSTRACT The exploitation of water from the Main Outfall Drain (MOD) canal together with the water from the Tigris River can be considered an effective solution to reduce the water consumption from the Tigris River by Iraq’s agricultural sector. This extra outflow can be used to restore Hawizeh Marsh and improve/control the consequent environmental problems (including dust storms) across the region. Accordingly, this study presents an efficient water resource management framework based on a game theory model to calculate the amount of agricultural drainage water available for exploitation in MOD, which can be integrated with the Tigris River water for agricultural irrigation. Different conjunctive water use scenarios were evaluated through a non-cooperative game theory model. The proposed optimum scenarios, in addition to supplying this wetland’s water rights and consequently mitigating its environmental problems, can also perfectly meet the water demand of farmers in terms of both quantity and quality.

Manufacturer’s Incentive Strategies in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain with Moral Hazard: A Long-Term Perspective

Moral hazard have a non-negligible impact on supply chain sustainability, especially from a long-term perspective. This influence is more complicated in a dual-channel supply chain with free riding. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how manufacturers design multi-period incentive strategies in a dual-channel supply chain to deal with moral hazard problems from retailers. In this study, we built a game theory model that contains a retailer (she) who is delegated by a manufacturer (he) to sell products in her offline and online channels and to provide experience services in a physical store. The retailer has the option of exerting effort when providing experience services to boost demand. We explored and compared the manufacturer’s strategies that cover a time horizon of multiple periods under two circumstances: full information and repeated moral hazard. The following conclusions were drawn from this study. In the repeated moral hazard game, the incentive constraints of the retailer are only related to her current and the next-period profits and independent from the profits in other periods. Moreover, the incentive strategies in each period are affected by the historical information in the previous period, while the strategies under information symmetry are not affected by history. Specially, the manufacturer can induce effort by charging an up-front payment from the retailer in the previous period and then returning a utility based on the achieved demand. Therefore, the manufacturer can postpone the payment of incentive costs and shift the risk to the next period. Furthermore, the manufacturer’s incentive strategies are also affected by the free-riding effect between channels. That is, compared with the low-state transfer payment, the high-state transfer payment was found to be more sensitive to free riding.

Flood risk assessment of urban cultural heritage based on PSR conceptual model with game theory and cloud model – A case study of Nanjing

Urban cultural heritage has rich historical, artistic, and scientific value. However, due to the increasing occurrence of extreme rainfall events globally, urban cultural heritage sites face increasing flood disaster risks. A flood risk assessment tool offers a scientific foundation for decision-making and is critical for understanding and managing flood risk for these heritage sites. There are several shortcomings in the previous literature, such as its failure to consider the emergency response capability of cultural heritage sites; nor does it reveal the uncertainty and nonlinear relations between assessment indexes and risk levels. To address these limitations of the previous research, this study builds a novel and easy-to-implement index-based flood risk assessment method based on the pressure-state-response conceptual model with game theory and cloud model (PSR-GT-CM). This study shows that the PSR-GT-CM is a feasible and effective method for flood risk assessment of urban cultural heritage sites. This method can be used to provide an accurate and efficient preliminary assessment of flood risk for urban cultural heritage sites with limited data and can be a useful reference for making decisions about the protection of cultural heritage sites and identifying cultural heritage sites that need a more detailed analysis. This method is illustrated through an application to 93 national-level protected cultural heritage sites in Nanjing, China.

Economic pressures of Covid-19 lockdowns result in increased timber extraction within a critically endangered region: A case study from the Pacific Forest of Ecuador.

Although the COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 had some environmental benefits, the pandemic's impact on the global economy has also had conservation repercussions, especially in biodiverse nations. Ecuador, which is heavily reliant on petroleum, agricultural exports, and ecotourism, experienced a rise in poverty in response to pandemic shutdowns. In this study, we sought to quantify levels of illegal timber extraction and poaching before and after the start of COVID-19 lockdowns throughout two protected areas (Reserva Jama Coaque [JCR] and Bosque Seco Lalo Loor [BSLL]) in the endangered Pacific Forest of Ecuador. We analyzed chainsaw and gunshot acoustic data recorded from devices installed in the forest canopy from December 2019 to March 2020 and October 2020 to March 2021. Results from generalized linear mixed effects models indicated less chainsaw activity before lockdowns (βpost.lockdown=0.568 ± 0.266 SE, p-value=.030), although increased average rainfall also seemed to negatively affect chainsaw activity (βavg.rainfall=-0.002 ± 0.0006 SE, p-value=.003). Gunshots were too infrequent to conduct statistical models; however, 87% of gunshots were detected during the 'lockdown' period. Observational data collected by rangers from these protected areas also noted an increase in poaching activities beginning mid to late 2020 and persisting into 2021. These results add to the steadily growing literature indicating an increase in environmental crime, particularly in biodiverse nations, catalyzed by COVID-19-related economic hardships. Identifying areas where environmental crime increased during pandemic lockdowns is vital to address both socioeconomic drivers and enforcement deficiencies to prevent further biodiversity loss and disease outbreaks and to promote ecosystem resilience. Our study also demonstrates the utility of passive acoustic monitoring to detect illegal resource extraction patterns, which can inform strategies such as game theory modeling for ranger patrol circuits and placement of real-time acoustic detection technologies to monitor and mitigate environmental crimes.

Incentive Regulation of Construction Waste Resource Recycling: Subsidy and Tax Incentive

Construction waste destroys the sustainability of environment and economy. In the study of game theory at present, the construction waste resource-based products supply chain only considers that there is only one type of enterprise producing renewable building materials or new building materials in the market, but in the construction market, there is no single type of enterprise. It isvery important for government to protect the environment and promote the resource utilization and development of construction waste. Therefore, this study establishes a game theory model between traditional building materials enterprise and construction waste recycling enterprise, which considers the decision-making behavior of enterprise under no regulation, subsidy incentive regulation, or tax incentive regulation. The findings are listed as follows: (1) both subsidies and tax incentives can effectively improve the economic benefits and production initiative of construction waste recycling enterprise. (2) The impact coefficient of unit new building materials on the environment and the tax rate of unit new building materials are the key factors that affect government decision-making. (3) Resource utilization cost coefficient and builder’s preference for renewable building materials have a great impact on the profits of construction waste recycling enterprise. These results will provide reference for the government to formulate incentive regulations and promote the development of construction waste resources.

Bayesian game model based unsupervised sentiment analysis of product reviews

Sentiment Analysis is a task of computationally recognizing and contextualizing opinions stated in a text. We mainly assess whether the writer's attitude towards a specific topic, or a product, is positive, negative, or neutral. Numerous machine learning and fuzzy logic methods have been reconnoitered for sentiment analysis. Yet, the application of mathematical optimization techniques for sentiment tagging is still unexplored. This study presents a novel mathematical framework for sentiment analysis of reviews based on Game Theory. We identify whether the sentiment of a review is positive or negative. In the first step, we comprehend a review and derive context scores from review comments using the SentiWordNet lexicon. We comprehensively combine the computed context and rating scores using the Bayesian Game Model to deduce the sentiment of reviews. Experimental results on three benchmark review datasets, viz. Food, Mobile, and Electronics demonstrate that the proposed model yields state-of-the-art results. We also statistically validated the stability and correctness of the results. The proposed model ensures rational and consistent results. The utility of the game theory model for sentiment analysis creates a new paradigm for diverse NLP tasks.

The Development Dilemma and Path Choice of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Based on Game Theory

Innovation and entrepreneurship education (IEE) is a powerful driving force to promote the transformation and development of college education and an effective way to broaden the employment channels. However, IEE has been used to train students in classrooms by college managers who do not systematically think of practical training for innovation and entrepreneurship talents. There are still many difficulties in the process of development of IEE that managers cannot ignore. The relevant models that could deeply analyze the connotation of IEE were established through the game theory that explained the game balance among government, universities, and students in the IEE process. A game theory model explained the external game behavior of universities and students and the internal game behavior between students. Another model analyzed the strategies of players pursuing maximum payoffs from the perspective of both sides of the game and the influences of these strategies on the players. The problems in the process of IEE development are concluded including imperfect management system, unscientific curriculum design, nonideal talent training and unprofessional teachers. Based on it, the development path of IEE is explored through the game concept. A scientific and leading system of management and evaluation is needed to put forward by strengthening the top-level design at the national level, and a win-win game situation between colleges and students will be achieved by the optimized education system.