Game Phenomenon Research Articles

THE PHENOMENON OF THE GAME AS A MEDIA PRACTICE

The article is devoted to the study of the game phenomenon and its medial meaning. This medial meaning of the game determines its wide use in media practices – the entire set of human communications in the world. They can be called manipulative in the modern world. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of the game through the manipulative reality in which it is used.

Правовой анализ доходных видеоигр

The purpose of this study is to provide an in-depth legal analysis of the phenomenon of profitable video games, the copyright holders of which, unlike the owners of online computer games of previous generations, recognise the copyright of users in the works created or processed by them, and provide players with the opportunity to dispose of their intellectual rights to make a profit. The work employs scientific methods to analyse contentious relationships in the legal aspects of profitable video games and compares different approaches to their regulation. The fundamental legal differences in the conditions for using free and profitable video games have been identified and analysed. The paper provides the systematisation and discloses the legal nature of methods players use to generate income within network computer games. The research discovers the legal, organisational, and economic reasons and risks leading to the non-recognition of user copyrights and the imposition of a ban on their disposal by copyright holders of free video games. A mechanism has been discovered and disclosed that allowed the owners of profitable video games to eliminate intellectual and legal risks, recognise gamers’ copyrights to the works they created and launch the legal circulation of rights to them. The work analyses the model for using the blockchain infrastructure and non-fungible tokens as its elements for fixing and disposing of rights to user-generated gaming artefacts. The smart contract as the legal instrument of blockchain platforms is critically analysed. Authors made their proposals to improve the legal efficiency of a smart contract by adding a system of standard public licenses. The scientific novelty of the work lies in explaining the legal nature of the phenomenon of profitable video games and the mechanism for disposing of copyrights within them, as well as in proving the absence of identity between a profitable video game and such an object of special regulation as gambling. The practical significance of the article consists in the applicability of its results for improving the legal regulation in the context of the complication of the ecosystem, the growth of the market and the scale of the audience of online computer games.

Constructive agents nullify the ability of destructive agents to foster cooperation in public goods games.

Existing studies have revealed a paradoxical phenomenon in public goods games, wherein destructive agents, harming both cooperators and defectors, can unexpectedly bolster cooperation. Building upon this intriguing premise, our paper introduces a novel concept: constructive agents, which confer additional benefits to both cooperators and defectors. We investigate the impact of these agents on cooperation dynamics within the framework of public goods games. Employing replicator dynamics, we find that unlike destructive agents, the mere presence of constructive agents does not significantly alter the defective equilibrium. However, when the benefits from constructive agents are outweighed by the damage inflicted by destructive agents, the addition of constructive agents does not affect the ability of destructive agents to sustain cooperation. In this scenario, cooperators can be maintained through a cyclic dominance between cooperators, defectors, and destructive agents, with constructive agents adding complexity but not fundamentally changing the equilibrium. Conversely, if the benefits from constructive agents surpass the harm caused by destructive agents, the presence of constructive agents nullifies the ability of destructive agents to foster cooperation. Our results highlight the nuanced role of constructive agents in cooperation dynamics, emphasizing the necessity of carefully assessing incentive balances when encouraging cooperation.

The Phenomenon of Online Games among Rural Early Childhood in West Kalimantan

Artikel ini membahas penggunaan game online pada anak di pedesaan di daerah Kabupaten Sambas, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Dalam studi ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data yang diolah berdasarkan hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan Teknik keabsahan data meliputi, trianguliasi, member check, dan menggunakan bahan referensi. Adapun temuan penelitian ini adalah pertama, terdapat empat game online yang paling banyak digemari oleh anak-anak dipedesaan seperti, Fifa Mobile, PUBG Mobile, Mobile Legends: Bang-Bang (MOBA), dan Free Fire. Kedua, Banyaknya anak yang bermain game online mendapatkan respon dari orang tua seperti adanya kekhawatiran orang tua kepada anak ketika bermain game online akan berdampak pada motivasi belajar dan ibadah anak. Ketiga, Orang tua masih belum maksimal dalam membatasi dan mengawasi game online pada anak dikarenakan terbatasnya pengetahuan orang tua, Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan deskripsi terkait banyaknya anak pedesaan yang menggunakan game online. This article discusses the use of online games by rural children in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. In this study, the author used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data was processed based on the results of interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. While data validity techniques include triangulation, member checks, and using reference materials, The findings of this study are that, first, there are four online games that are most popular with children in rural areas, such as Fifa Mobile, PUBG Mobile, Mobile Legends: Bang-Bang (MOBA), and Free Fire. Second, the number of children who play online games gets a response from parents, such as parents’ concerns about children’s learning motivation and worship. Third, parents are still not optimal in limiting and supervising online games in children due to limited parental knowledge. This study contributes to providing a description of the phenomenon of rural children playing online games.

Bibliometric Analysis Toxicity Levels of MOBA Game Players Among Students and the General Public

Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have become a global phenomenon in the gaming industry. This article aims to examine the evolution, impact, and social aspects of MOBA games. We analyzed various literature sources, including scientific journals, articles, and research reports relevant to the keyword "MOBA." In our analysis, we see the development of MOBA games from their beginnings as modified real-time strategy (RTS) games to become a very popular standalone game genre. We also investigated the influence of MOBA games on mental health, social behavior, and addiction rates among players. Abstract P-ISSN: 2302-8734 Abstract Additionally, we explore social aspects such as communication within teams, development of collaborative skills, and learning related to MOBA gaming. Our research results show that MOBA games have a significant impact on players, both positive and negative. In a positive aspect, this game can improve social skills, strategic thinking skills, and team coordination. http://jurnal.umt.ac.id/index.php/jt/index E-ISSN: 2581-0006 Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have become a global phenomenon in the gaming industry. This article aims to examine the evolution, impact, and social aspects of MOBA games. We analyzed various literature sources, including scientific journals, articles, and research reports relevant to the keyword "MOBA." In our analysis, we see the development of MOBA games from their beginnings as modified real-time strategy (RTS) games to become a very popular standalone game genre. We also investigated the influence of MOBA games on mental health, social behavior, and addiction rates among players. Additionally, we explore social aspects such as communication within teams, development of collaborative skills, and learning related to MOBA gaming. Our research results show that MOBA games have a significant impact on players, both positive and negative. In a positive aspect, this game can improve social skills, strategic thinking skills, and team coordination. However, there is also a risk of high levels of addiction and mental health disorders associated with excessive use. This research provides in-depth insight into the MOBA gaming phenomenon and the importance of understanding social aspects and their impact. However, there is also a risk of high levels of addiction and mental health disorders associated with excessive use. This research provides in-depth insight into the MOBA gaming phenomenon and the importance of understanding social aspects and their impact.
 Keywords: Bibliometric, Online Games, MOBA, Toxicity, Student.

SUBTITLING STRATEGY AND READABILITY OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT IN GENSHIN IMPACT PROLOGUE CHAPTER SUBTITLE

The phenomenon of gaming easily accessible online getting popular leads to the advancement not only on technological aspect of game, but also on the interaction of the game and users. Accordingly, subtitling strategy and readability of directive speech act in genshin impact prologue chapter subtitle becomes the main concerns of this study. Based on subtitling strategy by Gottlieb (1992), translation quality assessment by Nababan (2012), and directive speech act theory by Searle (1976), this study aimed to identify and analyze those aspect in video game Genshin Impact prologue chapter subtitle. The data were gathered from subtitle of prologue chapter of video game Genshin Impact. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative and quantitative method, also with total sampling method for answering the research questions. The results showed that there are 5 types of directive speech act that found, 7 of 10 strategies of subtitling that applied, and the readability level of the translation was readable. The study concluded that the data were utterances between the characters are explanations and introductions of the game since the data were on the prologue chapter. Then, the quality of readability in subtitle was considered readable due to most frequently used strategy was paraphrase. Keywords: translation, subtitling strategy, directive speech act, readability, genshin impact

Spatial Characterization of Sports Economic Linkages - Based on an Evolutionary Game Theory Perspective

Abstract There exists an important connection between the development of the sports economy and the development of spatial characteristics, but the current development of spatial characteristics of sports economic linkages suffers from the lack of identification and screening of the subjects of interest and the inability to articulate the structure of the interests of each subject. The article adopts the research paradigm based on rooted theory to encode the game phenomenon of the spatial characteristics of sports economic linkages and constructs an evolutionary game model that integrates the sports administrative regulator, the supply side of community public sports services, and the demand side. The optimal equilibrium strategy to promote the sustainable development of urban community public sports services spatial governance is also explored by combining the Jacobian matrix and simulation experiments. Although the tripartite subjects play different dynamic roles at different stages of transformation, they all converge to the steady state of (1, 1, 1) in the end. In addition, the three have different evolutionary processes. First, the probability of choosing the support strategy in the economic core area decreases and then rises, while the probability of government support and mass recognition both increase. The economic core area, government support, and mass recognition are all experiencing a gradual increase. Finally, the probability of mass recognition shows a first decline and then a rise, while the probability of economic core area and government support continues to show an increase, and the three finally evolve into a (1, 1, 1) strategy steady state.

Representation of Historical Events and Realities in the Space of Virtualized Global Strategy Game Universes

The article explores the possibilities and prospects of using an audio visualized (multimedia) text, which, according to the author, is the phenomenon of a computer game (in particular, the genre of global strategy) to represent the historical process in the form of its simulation. The study aims to identify the possibilities and limitations of demonstrating elements of world-system analysis in the space of the game universe of global historical strategies. The goals are: 1) to analyze key aspects of virtualized game simulation in the form of global strategy; 2) to systematize characteristic features of the combination of scientific and subjective factors in game simulation; 3) to identify the influence of the cultural factor on creating virtual worlds in games; 4) to conduct case-studies considering games through the prism of the theoretical framework of game simulation. The study employs the historical-genetic method and discourse analysis. Axiological and anthropological approaches are used to find sociocultural specificities of game simulations by investigating their value orientations and practices in the game and in the community of gamers. The study specifies features of variable modelling on the example of game universes of Civilization, Crusader Kings, Europa Universalis etc. The results of the study include the analysis of 1) history reconstruction in global game strategies from the point of view of philosophy of culture; 2) game mechanics reflecting their creators’ and gamers’ personal features; 3) creating cultural landscape in global simulation games. The author suggests that modern global strategies is not only a kind of virtual entertainment and cybertext, but also a means of reliving the historical narrative when mass consciousness can explore alternative history. This approach makes way for spreading historical knowledge via historical simulation.

ЭНИГМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС КАК СРЕДСТВО АКТИВИЗАЦИИ ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ

The article considers the distinctive features of enigmatic discourse, its functional specificity and interactive orientation. The possibility of using poetic and prose riddles, charades, metagrams, logogryphs in the classroom in Russian as a foreign language to enhance the cognitive activity of students is substantiated. The phenomenon of the language game, implemented in the enigmatic discourse, will give the learning process an innovative character, will diversify the system of tasks and exercises.

ONLINE GAME ADDICTION BEHAVIOR: GENDER AND DURATION OF PLAYING ONLINE GAMES IN ADOLESCENTS

Adolescents advantage online games as an escape from the problems they have in the real life. The various types of online games make adolescents feel challenged so that thet spend a long time playing online games. This online game phenomenon that occurs in adolescents causes online game addiction behaviour. Men are much more likely to play online game so they tend to have higher rates of online game addiction behaviour than do women. This study aims to reveal the sex differences and duration of playing online game affect online game addiction behaviour. This study used a quantitative approach through purposive sampling with a total sample size of 336 adolescents. The research data were analyzed using Linear Regression Analysis. The result showed that sex differences and duration of playing game online affect to online game addiction behaviour.

Should Government Play a Strict or Lenient Role? An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Implementing the Forest Ecological Bank Policy

As one of the specific practices of natural resource index trading, the forest ecological bank policy (FEB) is essentially a market-based tool. With the deepening of ecological governance, the FEB policy has also become the main method chosen to solve the economic development problems in ecologically rich “low-lying” areas. However, in the process of implementing the FEB policy, the differences in the demands of various stakeholders were found to have led to a complex game phenomenon, resulting in deviations in policy implementation. This study constructs a multiplayer evolutionary game model between local governments and enterprises of different scales and analyzes the evolutionary stabilization strategy (ESS) in the implementation of the FEB policy. The results show that, under different conditions, there are three stabilization strategies in the evolutionary game system, these correspond to F1 (0, 0, 0), F4 (0, 1, 1), and F5 (1, 0, 0), respectively, the implications are that the strict government role with an active regulatory strategy leads to companies of different sizes refusing to participate (i.e., F5) and the lax government role with a negative regulatory strategy leads to companies of different sizes refusing to participate (i.e., F1) or choosing to participate (i.e., F4). Among them, the strict government role stimulates the companies to participate in the FEB policy through the high intensity of government regulation. In addition, as the policy continues to be implemented, the influence of the strict regulation on the “participation” behavior of the companies decreases. Conversely, the lax government role allows the companies to give full play to their autonomy and obtain higher ecological and environmental benefits.

On the Phenomenon of Play in Education - School as Play?

In contemporary pedagogy, understood as a social science, the term ‘play’ is used relatively extensively. It is interpreted as a targeted pedagogical or didactic tool. An alternative and inspiring view of the phenomenon of game in terms of philosophical psychology or phenomenological philosophy can be found in authors with a Christian background. This article wants to point out the argumentative and philosophical contradictions of these currents regarding the understanding of play – especially with regard to the increase in personal knowledge, emotional balance, socialisation, or the influence on the cultivation of self-reflection of one’s own existence based on the experience of play.

Feasibility Analysis of Arctic Governance Based on International Public Goods Theory

As the geopolitical importance of the Arctic region has grown, the "geopolitics of the cryosphere" has been gradually developed. The study of geopolitical game phenomena such as territorial disputes and resource competition in the polar regions based on realism is the general context for the study of Arctic governance. This paper categorizes the subjects and objects in Arctic governance in the context of the geopolitics of the cryosphere and based on the theory of international public goods. This leads to an analysis of the respective dilemmas of the countries involved in Arctic governance and the areas targeted by it. Cases are also given to suggest solutions to the problems for the subjects and objects of Arctic governance. This paper analyzes the dilemmas that each participating subject and governance area may face in Arctic governance based on international public goods theory. It provides a theoretical basis in policy practice for countries to participate in Arctic governance and to carry out governance in solving problems in different areas. This paper uses the case study approach to analyze the governance dilemmas in the Arctic using international public goods theory. Finally, the dilemma faced by the governance subjects and governance objects was summarized, and corresponding policy suggestions were put forward.

Reshaping the Battlefield: The International Committee of the Red Cross, Video Games, and Public Relations

Although the use of video games to achieve public relations (PR) goals is not new, there is limited extant research that analyzes such projects using PR theory or that takes into account organizations’ roles in their development. This study addresses this gap through an examination of the International Committee of the Red Cross's (ICRC) development of a creative mode called LifeRun within the global gaming phenomenon Fortnite. I argue that LifeRun must be analyzed as a strategic communication game and draw on critical PR theory to examine its use to reshape narratives of war in gaming. Using in-depth interviews, organizational documents, and media interviews, I analyze the organization's motivations and goals for developing LifeRun, the ways in which PR considerations shaped the project, and its implications for practical and scholarly work in this area.

Archetype and Individuation Process in Alan Wake (2010) Video Game

This research purpose aims to demonstrate the individuation process of Alan Wake through the archetypes by finishing the last page of “Departure” manuscript. The research uses interpretative qualitative method in extending the findings. Using interpretation analysis can depict phenomenon of video game from the act, figures, sources (game items; weapons, flashlight, manuscript, etc.), situation, by applying Carl Gustav Jung’s psychoanalytic theory of archetype and individuation process in the video game. In the video game story, Alan Wake is a writer who had had a writer’s block for 2 years and experiences a nightmare. The nightmare happens when Alice Wake has lost at the Cauldron Lake. To find Alice, Alan follow the journey from his nightmare, suddenly discovers something powerful to create and change things influenced by two mythical figures, namely Thomas Zane and Barbara Jagger. Both figures come into Alan’s nightmare following the unwritten manuscript “Departure” plot story, whose Alan is guided to contain several figures to overcome darkness figures and integrate light and darkness to be actualized. The findings show that archetype depictions are associated by mythological images reflected from the collective unconscious in Alan Wake. The forms such as Barbara Jagger, Thomas Zane, Taken, Alan as The Hero, and the Bird Leg cabin are the projected images that Alan created in his dream. Alan starts his nightmare journey, experiences all the archetypes contributed, and realizes how to end the “Departure” manuscript as Alan’s individuation process. In conclusion, Alan Wake's unconscious journey by ending at the point of self-realization and writing the "Departure" script is considered as an individuation process.

The Phenomenon of Video Games in the Context of the Genesis of Screen Culture and the Space of Social Everyday Life

The Phenomenon of Video Games in the Context of the Genesis of Screen Culture and the Space of Social Everyday Life

VIDEOGAMES AS A SPACE FOR RECONSTRUCTING MYTHOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

The article is dedicated to the cultural-philosophical study of the video game space as a place for the reconstruction of archaic mythological structures. The study of narrative video games, which emerged in the early 1980s, represents new media that interactively transmit mythological motifs into the gaming experience. To identify and study mythological elements in video games, the methodological basis includes the works of C.G. Jung and C. Kerényi, who developed concepts of archetypes in culture. Also utilized is the concept of the monomyth by J. Campbell, which involves the realization of the hero's journey cycle initially in legends and myths, and later in narrative artistic structures. The novelty of the study is determined by the low level of research into the replication of mythological elements in the environment of new interactive media. Analyzing the universality of myth in gaming realms is part of a comprehensive approach to studying the phenomenon of video games and is an important element of the non-reductionist concept in the field of Game Studies. The relevance of the work lies in the need to comprehend the video game experience as a practice of personal living through history by the player, rather than passive contemplation. The study identified trends in constructing plots in narrative games according to the principles of the monomyth. In narrative games of the late 20th century, we find more primitive expressions of monomyth elements, often associated with technological limitations in construct implementation. Instead, video games of the past two decades reflect the monomyth in its entirety, characterized by complications and repetitions of the hero's journey stages. Equally pronounced are the reconstructions of archetypes and archetypal figures in the video game space. Thus, among the first archetypal figures in the gaming industry are the images of the hero, translated into the player's avatar, the damsel in distress - as a plot-forming element, and the gatekeeper, realized in level bosses. Modern narrative games allow for the differentiation of additional archetypes, such as the mentor, shadow, or ally. The main feature of reconstructing mythological structures in the gaming space is recognized as interactivity and the ability to experience events in a virtual world, which creates a new type of experience for the player in actively realizing universal mythological motifs through playing myths, rather than simply observing them.

Language Game in Ergonymic Nominations: Provocativeness and Emotional and Communicative Reception

The problem field of this article lies in the examination of the mechanisms of modelling and reading the codes of language game in the aspect of their emotional and evaluative impact (including negative) on an individual’s consciousness. The author refers to game nominations of different objects in Yekaterinburg. She proceeds from the theoretical provisions on the complex polycode (multimodal) nature of human emotions, which determines the need for a comprehensive (linguistic, psychological, and psycholinguistic) approach to the analysis of discursive practices of speech activity. The author focuses on the phenomenon of language game understood as a form of lingua-creative thinking based on associative mechanisms of destruction and switching of perception stereotypes, modelling, and using verbal signs. The decoding of the linguistic game unit involves the identification of its prototype and the awareness of a special linguistic technique for its transformation. From this point of view, decoding game ergonyms appears as a reflexive act in which emotional and evaluative projections of their perception manifest themselves. In the light of linguistic technique, the author distinguishes ergonymic linguistic createmes emphasising the emotional and evaluative charge of the motivators used, and game ergonyms modelled using the principles of associative provocation, associative identification, associative derivability, and associative overlay. The article considers ergonymic game units and linguistic createmes, respectively, in the light of pragmatic attitudes and emotional-evaluative vectors of influence on the consciousness of various urban population groups. Additionally, the author pays special attention to emotional-evaluative negative attitudes as planned or unplanned reactions of the nominee to the game ergonym or ergonymic linguistic createmes. Examples of the first type are provocative ergonyms that intentionally cause emotional shock (at primary perception); the second type of game ergonyms and ergonymic linguistic createmes does not imply a negative reaction of the addressee, but their perception encounters communicative barriers – linguistic, social, role-playing, psychological, ideological, aesthetic, etc. To check the positive or negative assessment of the respective nominations, the analysis uses data from psycholinguistic experiments conducted by the author by interviewing random respondents of different gender and age and social and professional status among urban residents. Finally, the author makes a conclusion regarding the zones of negative emotions in the game ergonymic continuum and outlines the prospects of an in-depth experimental study of the psychological reality of the perception of such nominations by bearers of urban culture.

Indonesian Legal Framework Related to Online Game Phenomena: A Criminological Review

The development of online games is part of technological developments. Even so, the development of online games negatively impacts criminal acts and crimes caused by online game addiction. This research seeks to analyze the impact of online games from a criminological perspective as well as efforts to formulate future arrangements to minimize the existence of people who are addicted to online games and commit criminal acts due to addiction to online games. This type of research is normative legal research by prioritizing conceptual and statutory approaches. The study results show that the impact of online game addiction from a legal and criminological perspective can lead to crimes or criminal acts due to online game addiction. The occurrence of the crime or criminal acts caused by online games is also influenced by the surrounding environment, which also seems to justify or at least allow the occurrence of these crimes. Therefore, future regulatory efforts to minimize the impact of online games are to make revisions related to the provisions contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Informatics No. 11 of 2016 concerning the Clarification of Electronic Interactive Games, especially to emphasize the existence of sanctions and coercive elements so that various provisions in the Regulation can be implemented optimally and need to get a follow-up in the form of public policy.

Speedrunner as a Virtual Naturalist

The paper is devoted to the issue of virtual naturalism in computer games, in particular, to such a gaming phenomenon as speedrunning. The author of the study analyzes the essence of speedrunning as a special type of cybersport, as well as a form of counterplay that arose in the minds of gamers around the 1990s. Particular attention is paid to the concept of virtual naturalism, which manifests itself in speed running and can be understood as a form of empirical and materialistic study by gamers of various games and their affordances. The purpose of the work is to establish the features of speedrunning as a research and critical practice, similar to some types of academic analysis, but with different tasks. The central place is occupied by the problem of gamers’ experience during the actualization of speedrunning activity, in which speedrunners study the nature of computer game and call into question game design principles and manipulations, leading to some resistance to artificial prohibitions. This form of confrontation, revealed in different types of speedruns, shows certain nuances of the existence of virtual worlds, which makes it possible to better understand the functioning of computer games as modern cultural artifacts. In result, a conclusion is made about the significance of such borderline phenomena as speedrunning and the need for further study of the counterplay practics.